Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Age-Dependent Pathogenesis of Influenza A Virus H7N9 Mediated Through PB1-F2-Induced Mitochondrial DNA Release and Activation of cGAS-STING-NF-κB Signaling","authors":"Pak-Hin Hinson Cheung,&nbsp;Tin-Long Yuen,&nbsp;Tze-Tung Tang,&nbsp;Ho-Yin Leung,&nbsp;Terence Tak-Wang Lee,&nbsp;Pearl Chan,&nbsp;Yun Cheng,&nbsp;Sin-Yee Fung,&nbsp;Zi-Wei Ye,&nbsp;Chi-Ping Chan,&nbsp;Dong-Yan Jin","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exactly why human infection of avian influenza A virus H7N9 causes more severe disease in the elderly remains elusive. In this study, we found that H7N9 PB1-F2 is a pathogenic factor in 15–18-month-old BALB/C mice (aged mice) but not in 6–8-week-old young adult mice (young mice). Recombinant influenza A virus with H7N9 PB1-F2-knockout was less pathogenic in aged mice as indicated with delayed weight loss. In contrast, survival of young mice infected with this virus was diminished. Furthermore, tissue damage, inflammation, proinflammatory cytokine and 2′3′-cGAMP production in the lung were less pronounced in infected aged mice despite no change in viral titer. cGAS is known to produce 2′3′-cGAMP to boost proinflammatory cytokine expression through STING-NF-κB signaling. We found that H7N9 PB1-F2 promoted interferon β (IFNβ) and chemokine gene expression in cultured cells through the mitochondrial DNA-cGAS-STING-NF-κB pathway. H7N9 PB1-F2 formed protein aggregate and caused mitochondrial cristae collapse, complex V-dependent electron transport dysfunction, reverse electron transfer-dependent oxidized mitochondrial DNA release to the cytoplasm and activation of cGAS-STING-NF-κB signaling. PB1-F2 N57 truncation, which is frequently observed in human circulating strains, mitigated H7N9 PB1-F2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and cGAS activation. In addition, we found that PB1-F2 of pathogenic avian influenza viruses triggered more robust cGAS activation than their human-adapted descendants. Our findings provide one explanation to age-dependent pathogenesis of H7N9 infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Amino Acid Substitution Within the Helicase of Varicella Zoster Virus Makes It Resistant to Amenamevir","authors":"Gema Barlian Effendi,&nbsp;Kaito Aoki,&nbsp;Maria Istiqomah Marini,&nbsp;Rei Takamiya,&nbsp;Hanako Ishimaru,&nbsp;Mitsuhiro Nishimura,&nbsp;Yasuko Mori","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A helicase-primase inhibitor, amenamevir (ASP2151), is the active pharmaceutical ingredient of a drug for the herpes zoster that is caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Here we report a new amenamevir-resistant VZV isolated under the selection pressure of amenamevir. The resistant virus has a nonsynonymous mutation K350N in the helicase gene ORF55. A recombinant virus artificially constructed harboring the ORF55 K350N also acquired amenamevir resistance, and thus the single amino-acid substitution in helicase is revealed to be responsible for the resistance. We observed that the drug-resistant virus and the ORF55 K350N recombinant virus have high resistance to amenamevir, as the EC₅₀ values in a plaque reduction assay were &gt; 100 μM, while the two viruses remained susceptible to the nucleoside analog drug acyclovir. No defect in viral growth was observed for these resistant viruses in a plaque size assay in human malignant melanoma cells. However, defect in plaque formation was observed from resistant virus in human fetal lung fibroblast cells, showing that the growth of the resistant virus is dependent on the cell type. We observed that the single amino-acid substitution in the helicase induces amenamevir resistance, confirming the importance of the helicase in amenamevir's inhibition of virus growth. Our findings highlight the importance of regulating the clinical use of amenamevir to minimize the risk of the emergence of helicase K350N mutation, especially in the long-term use of amenamevir by immunosuppressed patients.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1-Derived Influenza Vaccine Induces Balanced Adaptive Immune Responses and Protects Mice From Lethal Influenza Virus Challenge","authors":"Paul J. F. Rider,&nbsp;Harrison Dulin,&nbsp;Ifeanyi K. Uche,&nbsp;Michael C. McGee,&nbsp;Weishan Huang,&nbsp;Konstantin G. Kousoulas,&nbsp;Rong Hai","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza virus is a major respiratory viral pathogen responsible for the deaths of hundreds of thousands worldwide each year. Current vaccines provide protection primarily by inducing strain-specific antibody responses with the requirement of a match between vaccine strains and circulating strains. It has been suggested that anti-influenza T-cell responses, in addition to antibody responses may provide the broadest protection against different flu strains. Therefore, to address this urgent need, it is desirable to develop a vaccine candidate with an ability to induce balanced adaptive immunity including cell mediated immune responses. Here, we explored the potential of VC2, a well-characterized Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 vaccine vector, as a live attenuated influenza vaccine candidate. We generated a recombinant VC2 virus expressing the influenza A hemagglutinin protein. We show that this virus is capable of generating potent and specific anti-influenza humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. We further show that a single vaccination with the VC2-derived influenza vaccine protects mice from lethal challenge with influenza virus. Our data support the continued development of VC2-derived influenza vaccines for protection of human populations from both seasonal and pandemic strains of influenza. Finally, our results support the potential of VC2-derived vaccines as a platform for the rapid development of vaccines against emerging and established pathogens, particularly respiratory pathogens.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid Reveals Metabolite Biomarkers in Tick-Borne Encephalitis Patient","authors":"Runxin Liang,&nbsp;Yuchang Li,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Sen Zhang,&nbsp;Yanhong Gao,&nbsp;Fuli Tan,&nbsp;Ye Feng,&nbsp;Yuehong Chen,&nbsp;Fei Wang,&nbsp;Tao Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Kang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) can cause life-threatening central nervous system infection. Changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites may reflect critical aspects of host responses and end-organ damage in neuro infection and neuroinflammation. In this study, we applied an untargeted metabolomics screen of CSF samples to investigate the metabolites profile and explore biomarkers for TBEV infection. By analyzing CSF samples from 77 patients with TBEV infection and 23 without TBEV infection, tryptophan metabolism and Citrate cycle were found to be the top important metabolic pathways in differentiating the control and case groups; acetoacetate, 5′-deoxy-5′-(methylthio)-adenosine, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid, and so forth. were identified to be metabolic biomarkers (|<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 \u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>log</mi>\u0000 \u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${mathrm{log}}_{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>FC|&gt; 1, VIP &gt; 1, FDR &lt; 0.05) in CSF and clearly separated the TBEV infection from the noninfected samples. Moreover, four metabolites were identified to be associated with fatal outcome, including kynurenic acid, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, DL-tryptophan, indole-3-acrylic acid, demonstrating the potential predictive biomarkers for severe TBEV infection. This study explored the metabolic profile of TBEV infection in CSF samples and identified candidate biomarkers for TBEV infection, which might be useful in target screening for differential diagnosis and therapeutic inter-vention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elderly Individuals Exhibit Elevated Levels of Anti-Monkeypox Virus Antibodies Compared to Adults, Youth, and Children","authors":"Izabelle Caires Moreira dos Santos,&nbsp;Milena Silva Souza,&nbsp;Mayanna Moreira Costa Fogaça,&nbsp;Ruth Dálety da Silva Brito,&nbsp;Amanda da Rocha Santos,&nbsp;Jaime Henrique Amorim","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, has claimed more human lives than all other infectious diseases combined. Consequently, any epidemiological event involving related viruses (orthopoxviruses) triggers significant concern, as was the case with the pandemic rise of monkeypox virus (MPXV), the causative agent of monkeypox in 2022−2023. Smallpox vaccines, based on vaccinia virus antigens, are expected to provide cross-protection against MPXV. Studying the general seroprevalence of orthopoxviruses in populations worldwide is crucial for estimating susceptibility, risks, and the need for vaccination campaigns. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of antibodies capable of recognizing MPXV in a Brazilian population and assess the potential for cross-protection from previous smallpox vaccinations. We analyzed demographic data, vaccination records, and serum levels of anti-MPXV IgG measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 319 volunteers from Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil. Our main findings show that the numbers of volunteers with serum samples recognizing MPXV in ELISA, as well as their serum levels of anti-MPXV IgG, did not differ significantly according to gender or address type. However, both male and female elderly volunteers exhibited significantly higher concentrations of anti-MPXV IgG than adults, youth, and children. These results suggest that the elderly may benefit from a cross-reactive immune response due to previous smallpox vaccinations, whereas adults, youth, and children appear susceptible to MPXV. Further investigations involving other populations are necessary to assess the necessity of vaccinating potentially vulnerable groups.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Predominates Over Coinfected SARS-CoV-2 Delta, Producing Less Lethal Variants in a Long-Term Replication Mouse Model","authors":"Kyeongbin Baek,&nbsp;Dongbum Kim,&nbsp;Bo Min Kang,&nbsp;Jinsoo Kim,&nbsp;Atanas V. Demirev,&nbsp;Sangyi Lee,&nbsp;Minyoung Kim,&nbsp;Suyeon Kim,&nbsp;Sangkyu Park,&nbsp;Jin Il Kim,&nbsp;Man-Seong Park,&nbsp;Younghee Lee,&nbsp;Hyung-Joo Kwon","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The evolution of SARS-CoV-2, which limits public control and treatment, seems to have occurred through multiple mechanisms, including recombination of cocirculating strains in hosts. However, insufficient experimental data have been obtained after coinfection. Therefore, we investigated the emergence of variants after coinfection with parental SARS-CoV-2 and the SARS-CoV-2 Delta. We found that fewer (approximately 50%) mutations accumulated in Calu-3 cells than in other cells after serial passaging. Previously, we established a long-term replication mouse model by infecting Calu-3 cell-derived xenograft tumors with SARS-CoV-2. Here, we utilized our model to investigate the outcome after coinfection. More diverse viral mutations, along with multiple high-frequency simultaneous mutations, were discovered in the tumors than during cell passaging. Viral isolates from the tumors showed no cytopathic effects and formed much smaller plaques. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the genetic makeup of the variants remained largely the same as that of parental SARS-CoV-2 rather than the SARS-CoV-2 Delta. Viral challenge revealed that the isolates were less lethal than the parental SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 Delta strains. These findings suggest that parental SARS-CoV-2 predominates over the SARS-CoV-2 Delta when coinfected, but the SARS-CoV-2 Delta contributes to the evolution of parental SARS-CoV-2 variants toward better host adaptation without recombination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) Alterations in HPV Oropharyngeal Cancers","authors":"Priyanka Bhateja,&nbsp;Xuefeng Liu,&nbsp;Sujith Baliga,&nbsp;Emile Gogineni,&nbsp;Sachin Jhawar,&nbsp;Darrion Mitchell,&nbsp;Sungjun Ma,&nbsp;Simeng Zhu,&nbsp;David Konieczkowski,&nbsp;Dukagjin Blakaj,&nbsp;Matthew Old,&nbsp;James Rocco,&nbsp;Marcelo Bonomi","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>HPV viral E6 and E7 onco-proteins play a well-known role in carcinogenesis. Host genomic alterations also play a key role in the development of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer and have been under-recognized. We describe a case series of 6 metastatic/locoregionally recurrent HPVOPSCC patients with FGFR alterations. HPVOPSCC presents with distinct pattern of spread both temporally and sites of recurrence compared to \u0000<span>non-HPV-related</span> oropharyngeal cancer. Identification and reporting of genomic alterations in HPV are crucial to the understanding of disease biology and could aid in development of novel therapeutics for these patients. In addition, use of circulating tumor DNA may lead to early detection and supplement imaging in the follow up of these patients. Loco-regional treatments may also play a key role in the management of metastatic HPV OPSCC depending on the pattern of presentation. Our case series highlights all these novelties that could lead to better treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor Regarding Determinants of HBeAg Loss During Follow-Up of a Multiethnic Pediatric Cohort","authors":"Chia-Ming Chu,&nbsp;Yun-Fan Liaw","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Limitations of “Assessing Herpes Zoster Vaccine Efficacy in Patients With Diabetes: A Community-Based Cohort Study”","authors":"Rachel A. Cohen,&nbsp;Huifeng Yun,&nbsp;Charles Williams","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70047","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70047","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We read with interest the Kornelius et al. [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] study on herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (2006–2023), concluding that HZ vaccination is not effective in DM patients. The authors acknowledge several limitations: retrospective design; selection bias; no adjustment for DM management; comparison of live-attenuated zoster vaccine (ZVL) and adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) with different peak usage periods; possible HZ underdiagnosis; and lack of individual follow-up data. Here we present additional limitations that should be considered when interpreting the results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A critical limitation regards use of TriNetX electronic health records (EHRs) for vaccination status to estimate HZ vaccine effectiveness (VE). Most (67%–90%) United States (US) HZ vaccinations are administered in pharmacies without prescriptions (therefore no EHR reporting) [&lt;span&gt;2, 3&lt;/span&gt;]. The US TriNetX EHR database includes linked claims data for &lt;10% of the database. Without simultaneous EHR/claims data for most patients, substantial exposure misclassification may arise i.e., ‘no vaccination’ group contains vaccinated patients. The vaccinated group may contain a higher proportion vaccinated in clinical versus pharmacy settings, given the data sources, indicative of multiple/more severe health conditions with potentially more healthcare visits, causing residual confounding. Without overall vaccination rates/settings presented, potential misclassification of exposure or outcomes cannot be assessed. EHR data limitations in ascertaining loss to follow-up may result in missed HZ infections, which could explain the lower incidence observed versus other studies (Figure 1). Results suggest most patients received only the first RZV dose; however, the proportion of series completion was unclear. Other important missing information included specific disease codes for exclusion, mean follow-up time, whether censoring was applied (e.g., for death, change of healthcare provider), and proportion of DM types.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study assigned different index dates for vaccinated versus unvaccinated (first recorded vaccination date vs. initial DM diagnosis date), which likely led to immortal time bias. By design, the vaccination date always followed the DM date, so only vaccinated patients had a period between diagnosis and vaccination where they were excluded for HZ events. This means that they would need to be followed for longer to experience the exposure, systematically shortening the period for HZ events versus unvaccinated patients, which could substantially bias incidence rates (IRs) in both groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors stated they lacked individual follow-up data in their dataset. They did not use person-time correctly to estimate IR, but instead used the maximum possible follow-up period (12 years for ZVL; 7 years for RZV). Kaplan–Meier method to estimate both IRs and hazard ratios (HRs) requires individual time-to-event data [","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study Identifies Drugs Linked to Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation","authors":"Jie Wang,&nbsp;He Jiang,&nbsp;Guoqi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiahong Dai,&nbsp;Hainv Gao,&nbsp;Lanjuan Li","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70055","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) can be a serious clinical complication that has not been fully characterized in terms of the drugs associated with this adverse effect. Leveraging the expansive data available in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) databases, we conducted a retrospective analysis to identify drugs significantly linked to HBVr using three disproportionality analyses. Our study identified 44 drugs associated with HBVr, of which 35 did not have warnings in their product labels. The majority of these drugs were antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents, with a tendency for early occurrence of HBVr, particularly among antineoplastic agents and systemic corticosteroids. Additionally, entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil and tenofovir alafenamide demonstrated better safety profiles in preventing HBVr. These findings enhance our understanding of the demographic characteristics of patients at risk for HBVr, the drugs that pose a high risk for HBVr, the timing of such events, and the appropriate preventive medications. This knowledge contributes to the development of better prevention and treatment strategies, ultimately optimizing patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}