Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Human Adenovirus B114 (P7H3F3): A Neglected Re-Emergent Pathogen Long Misclassified as HAdV-B3 With Novel Genomic Variations","authors":"Li Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Wu,&nbsp;Lingyu Shen,&nbsp;Weijia Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Xu,&nbsp;Tingbi Zhao,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhao,&nbsp;Zhaomin Feng,&nbsp;Daitao Zhang,&nbsp;Guilan Lu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Acute respiratory infection (ARI) outbreaks in Beijing caused by human adenovirus B114 (HAdV-B114) have long been misclassified as HAdV-B3. Its origin, evolutionary trajectory and long-term transmission dynamics remain poorly understood. This study aimed to clarify its epidemiological characteristics, genomic variations, recombination features and evolutionary history. Among 51 HAdV outbreaks in Beijing from 2017 to 2024, 32 originally designated as HAdV-B3 were studied. Viral isolation was performed on 267 positive samples, conducted targeted and whole-genome sequencing, and carried out phylogenetic, amino acid variation, recombination and Bayesian analyses on core capsid genes. All 32 outbreaks were confirmed to be caused by HAdV-B114, which had circulated in Beijing since 2017, mainly causing outbreaks among young primary school students. We obtained 177 isolates, and successfully acquired penton, hexon and fiber genes from 127 strains. These three genes were fully identical in isolates from the same outbreak, so one strain per outbreak was selected as representative. Phylogenetic analysis showed its penton gene clustered with HAdV-B7, while hexon and fiber genes resembled HAdV-B3. Compared with HAdV-B114 reference sequence, variants had mutations and insertions in hexon and penton. 34-nt deletion mutants of HAdV-B114 were discovered in the 2023–2024 outbreaks, and they were confirmed as HAdV-B3/B7 recombinants. The most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of HAdV-B114 penton gene divergence was 1993.718, and variant 24SYYQ0247 formed an independent sublineage. HAdV-B114 is a misidentified re-emergent virus that has long circulated in Beijing and achieved widespread prevalence. Sustained adenovirus molecular surveillance is essential for ARI prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Meteorological Factors on Elderly Influenza in Shenzhen and Beijing From 2017 to 2024: A Time Series Study","authors":"Mingting Wang,&nbsp;Yanpeng Cheng,&nbsp;Qianli Yuan,&nbsp;Fang Huang,&nbsp;Xiujuan Tang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Shao,&nbsp;Tianshuo Zhao,&nbsp;Sihui Zhang,&nbsp;Xiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Tiancheng Xie,&nbsp;Qingsong Xu,&nbsp;Yujie Cheng,&nbsp;Juan Du,&nbsp;QingBin Lu,&nbsp;Min Lv,&nbsp;Zhigao Chen,&nbsp;Fuqiang Cui","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China's heterogeneous climatic conditions and geographic complexity contribute to distinct influenza patterns between northern and southern regions, complicating incidence prediction. Utilizing real-world data, this study aimed to characterize the epidemiology of influenza among elderly populations in Shenzhen and Beijing (representative southern and northern cities) and evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on influenza risk. Laboratory-confirmed influenza cases in individuals aged ≥ 60 years were obtained from China's National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System (January 2017–April 2024). Spearman correlation analysis identified meteorological factors associated with weekly case counts. Significant factors were incorporated into a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to quantify city-specific, non-linear lagged effects of meteorological variables on influenza risk across pre-pandemic (2017–2019) and post-pandemic (2023–2024) periods. From 2017 to 2024, a total of 31,126 cases of influenza in the elderly were reported in Shenzhen and 22,907 cases were reported in three districts of Beijing. DLNM model fitting showed that each meteorological factor had a nonlinear relationship with influenza incidence. Low temperatures in Shenzhen post-pandemic (lag second weeks: RR = 2.54, 2.20, 2.94), and in Beijing pre-pandemic (lag second weeks: RR = 9.3, 5.23,16.55), post-pandemic (lag third weeks: RR = 9.57, 7.08,12.93) promote the onset of influenza. In Beijing, pre-pandemic high precipitation had an RR of 33.38 (1.48, 7.68) at lag third weeks, which decreased to &lt; 1 post-pandemic. For high precipitation, Shenzhen's pre-pandemic RR at lag third weeks was 9.84 (6.30, 15.37), declining to 5.74 (4.28, 7.70) post-pandemic. Post-pandemic, low atmospheric pressure in Shenzhen (lag third weeks: RR = 1.54, 1.22, 1.94) and high pressure in Beijing (lag third weeks: RR = 5.20, 3.88, 6.96) were associated with elevated influenza risk. The exposure curve for wind speed has a “valley” shape, the RR decreases and then increases as the wind speed changes from low to high, and the risk of influenza is higher for either too high or too low wind speeds. The impact of meteorological factors on influenza among the elderly demonstrates significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity. In both Shenzhen and Beijing, low temperatures and extreme wind speeds (high and low) promote influenza incidence. High precipitation consistently enhances influenza risk in Shenzhen, while in Beijing, its effect shifted from promoting to protective. Post-pandemic, low pressure in Shenzhen and high pressure in Beijing were associated with increased influenza. These findings underscore the importance of integrating regional meteorological and socio-environmental factors into influenza prevention, control, and prediction strategies to more accurately assess epidemic trends and risks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends of Serum Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Positivity Among Clinically Tested Pediatric Patients in Hangzhou, China, 2016–2025: A 10-Year Retrospective Study","authors":"Xudong Xu,&nbsp;Cuiying Ye,&nbsp;Jun Zhou,&nbsp;Xiangyang Xiao,&nbsp;Xinfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71176","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71176","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aimed To describe the 10-year temporal trends of serum Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA positivity among pediatric patients tested at Hangzhou Children's Hospital, and to explore demographic and seasonal variations across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. A total of 11,689 serum samples from children aged 0–15 years who underwent EBV nucleic acid testing at Hangzhou Children's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2025 were retrospectively analyzed, including 2,160 positive results. Demographic characteristics (sex, age), visit type (outpatient/inpatient), and temporal distributions (year, month) were examined. Monthly detection rates were calculated using monthly testing denominators. Group comparisons were performed using chi-square tests; the linear-by-linear association Chi-square test was applied to annual rates. Multivariable negative-binomial regression with offset for monthly test volumes and interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA) were used to evaluate independent associations with secular trend, seasonality, and pandemic phase. The overall EBV-DNA detection rate was 18.48% (2,160/11,689) among tested samples. A deduplication sensitivity analysis yielded a corrected patient-level rate of 18.26%, confirming robustness. Females (20.04%) had a higher rate than males (17.26%, χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 14.66, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Outpatients (28.24%) showed a higher rate than inpatients (16.62%, χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 141.6, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Age distribution was concentrated in children aged 1–8 years (86.02% of positives), peaking at 5 years (25.14%) and lowest in infants &lt; 1 year (2.46%). Annual detection rates rose from 7.25% (2016) to 29.69% (2025) (linear-by-linear association Chi-square test, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Monthly detection rates suggested a descriptive bimodal pattern, with an autumn peak (September–November, 21.07%) and a spring peak (March–May, 17.88%), although formal testing did not reach statistical significance (joint Wald χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 14.72, df = 11, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.195). Across pandemic phases, unadjusted rates were 12.03% (pre-pandemic), 19.61% (pandemic), and 21.64% (post-pandemic). Multivariable negative-binomial regression revealed that the long-term secular trend was the only significant predictor (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 1.029 per month, 95% CI: 1.000–1.059, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.047), while pandemic phase (aRR = 1.171, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.347) and post-pandemic phase (aRR = 1.233, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.288) were not significant. ITSA showed no significant level or slope changes at either breakpoint (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). In this hospital-based tested population, serum EBV-DNA positivity showed a significant upward secular trend over 2016–2025. The post-pandemic increase was primarily driven by a pre-existing secular trend rather than a discrete “rebound” attributable to immunity debt. Due to selection bias from non-standardized testing indications, these findings should not be generalized ","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sigma-1 Receptor-Targeting Compounds Show Antiviral Activity Across Multiple Coronavirus Models","authors":"Cuiling Zhang,&nbsp;Xingpeng Dong,&nbsp;Jiaying Liu,&nbsp;Minghua chen,&nbsp;Lisen Lin,&nbsp;Gaojie Song,&nbsp;Xianzhu Xia,&nbsp;Gaoxing Su,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Chao Shang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past two decades, coronaviruses have caused three major public health crises, including the epidemics of <i>SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV</i>, and <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>. Following the outbreak of <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>, several antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19. However, the high mutation rate of <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> has led to the emergence of multiple variants, some of which can escape vaccine-induced immunity and develop resistance to virus-targeted drugs. Viruses rely on host cell mechanisms to complete replication and transmission. Host-directed therapy is an emerging strategy that inhibits infection by targeting host cell factors essential for pathogen replication. Interventions targeting host factors have been proven effective in limiting viral infections and have the potential to reduce the risk of drug resistance. Our previous study found that the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is involved in the autophagic process mediated by the <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> non-structural protein NSP6, suggesting that σ1R may serve as a therapeutic target against <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>. In this study, we found that the σ1R antagonists BD-1047 and σ1RA1 inhibited <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> and its variants <i>in vitro</i> and showed antiviral activity <i>in vivo</i>. At the cellular level, these compounds also inhibited porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (<i>PEDV</i>) and infectious bronchitis virus (<i>IBV</i>), indicating cross-model antiviral activity. BD-1047 further showed antiviral activity against <i>HCoV-OC43</i> in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models. In addition, Ocaperidone, identified through computer-aided screening, exhibited protective effects against <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> and <i>HCoV-OC43</i> in both cell-based and mouse models. Collectively, these findings support σ1R as a host-associated antiviral target candidate and provide several compounds for further optimization and mechanistic investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echovirus 19 Molecular Epidemiology in Russia and Some Central Asian Countries in 1999–2024","authors":"Elizaveta V. Yakovchuk,&nbsp;Elena Yu. Shustova,&nbsp;Liudmila N. Galitzina,&nbsp;Evgenia V. Karpova,&nbsp;Olga Yu. Baykova,&nbsp;Mahtob Bobokhonova,&nbsp;Saidzoda Faizali Barot,&nbsp;Sachly A. Nuryeva,&nbsp;Maral Aksakowa,&nbsp;Aichurok Makilova,&nbsp;Gulbara Ishenapysova,&nbsp;Boris Pleshkov,&nbsp;Botirjon Kurbanov,&nbsp;Armen K. Shakaryan,&nbsp;Galina D. Guseva,&nbsp;Olga E. Ivanova,&nbsp;Liubov I. Kozlovskaya","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71168","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71168","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Echovirus 19 (E19) is a rarely reported non-polio enterovirus (NPEV), although it has been associated with a spectrum of severe syndromes, including encephalitis, meningitis, and multisystem hemorrhagic disease in infants. Moreover, Echovirus 19 has been detected in patients with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), suggesting a potential association between viral infection and CNS damage. Here we describe molecular epidemiology of Echovirus 19 in Russia and Central Asia from 1999 to 2024 using data on poliomyelitis surveillance. Echovirus 19 accounted for no more than 4% of annual NPEV isolates, however, in 2022 abundance rate dramatically increased making this virus the most frequently isolated NPEV from AFP cases (14.3% of NPEV-positive AFP cases). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that contemporary (2020–2025) regional isolates formed a distinct, well-supported clade sharing a common ancestor with Echovirus 19 variants isolated from AFP cases in Iran and Pakistan in 2013. Notably, these recent isolates lack sustained country-specific sublineages indicating ongoing cross-border circulation. A novel A83S mutation in the BC-loop of the VP1 antigenic region was identified in 75% isolates collected in 2022–2025. The emergence of this variant highlights the need for continued surveillance and further investigation into the Echovirus 19 possible role in neurological diseases.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation in Invasively Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Bastien Zarlenga,&nbsp;Florent Wallet,&nbsp;Alexandre Gaymard,&nbsp;Anne-Claire Lukaszewicz,&nbsp;Gregory Destras,&nbsp;Christophe Ginevra,&nbsp;Bruno Simon,&nbsp;Jennifer Giorgi,&nbsp;Muriel Rabilloud,&nbsp;Salomé Avenas,&nbsp;Alexis Trecourt,&nbsp;Geneviève Billaud,&nbsp;Florence Morfin,&nbsp;Jean-Christophe Richard,&nbsp;Emilie Frobert","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71170","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Patients in intensive care units (ICU) under mechanical ventilation, particularly those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, are highly susceptible to Herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation. Given the lack of data on the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of pulmonary HSV reactivation in mechanically ventilated patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The impact of HSV replication on SARS-CoV-2 replication, and conversely, was investigated, along with the susceptibility of HSV strains to antiviral therapies. This retrospective study included 381 mechanically ventilated ICU patients in Lyon. Overall, 103 patients (27.0%) experienced HSV reactivation, with a trend toward a higher prevalence among SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (32.8%) compared to SARS-CoV-2-negative (24.1%; <i>p</i> value = 0.058). HSV reactivation was significantly higher with the Delta variant (46.2%) compared to Omicron (27.1%; <i>p</i> value = 0.045); the Delta variant was associated with a 2.38-fold increased risk of HSV reactivation. HSV-positive patients exhibited a 1-log lower SARS-CoV-2 viral load compared to HSV-negative patients, a finding indicative of the natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection followed by HSV reactivation, rather than viral interference. Unexpectedly, acyclovir resistance mutations appeared in the <i>UL23</i> gene in at least 13.6% of HSV-1 strains in patients with an HSV load above 10⁵ copies/mL. Complementary phenotypic and genotypic approaches allowed to identify three novel substitutions in <i>UL30</i>: Q217R, D741A, and E756K, classified as polymorphisms. Further optimization is needed in the management of mechanically ventilated ICU patients with pulmonary HSV reactivation, especially regarding antiviral resistance testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Viral Meningitis and Encephalitis","authors":"Elisa Skovgaard Jensen,&nbsp;Andreas Vestergaard Jensen,&nbsp;Per Cayé-Thomasen,&nbsp;Pelle Trier Petersen,&nbsp;Birgitte Rønde Hansen,&nbsp;Nichlas Hovmand,&nbsp;Rannvá Winther,&nbsp;Jonas Bruun Kjærsgaard,&nbsp;Malene Kirchmann,&nbsp;Christian T. Brandt,&nbsp;DASGIB Study Group","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Hearing loss in viral neuroinfections is poorly investigated. The present study aimed to clarify if hearing loss can develop in viral meningitis and encephalitis. An OAE (<i>oto-acoustic emission)</i> was measured in adult patients with viral meningitis and encephalitis on the day of admission and 30–60 days after discharge. Frequencies were categorized as Low (1, 1.5, 2 kHz), Mid (3, 4, 5 kHz), Mid-high (6, 7, 8 kHz), and High (9, 10 kHz). An OAE was measured in 41 patients with viral meningitis and 8 patients with encephalitis. Six patients with viral meningitis (15%) experienced a decrease of &gt; 5 dB in one or more frequency categories. Twelve patients (29%) had a temporary decrease in OAE levels of more than 5 dB and 23 patients (54%) had no change in OAE levels between admission and follow-up. We found no significant differences in OAE levels from admission to follow-up between viral meningitis pathogens. In viral encephalitis, herpes simplex virus was associated with a decrease in OAE levels in all frequencies in 3 of 5 patients. Varicella zoster encephalitis was not associated with changes in OAE levels. Viral meningitis and herpes simplex encephalitis is associated with development of a sensorineural hearing loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13636606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Dengue Case Fatality Rates in Bangladesh: A Retrospective Investigation","authors":"Bijoy Banik,&nbsp;Shrabonti Banik,&nbsp;Proshanto Singha Pranto,&nbsp;Prosenjit Choudhury,&nbsp;Ayesha Siddiqa,&nbsp;Md. Abdur Nur Sakib,&nbsp;Moumita Das","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Dengue remains a significant public health challenge in Bangladesh, with considerable variation in disease burden and mortality. This study aimed to assess how dengue case fatality rates (CFRs) had varied across months, seasons, and geographic regions of Bangladesh. A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2025 using surveillance data obtained from the Directorate General of Health Services, Bangladesh (DGHS). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to estimate dengue CFR. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between the studied variables and dengue CFR. Seasonal and trend components of the data were examined through LOESS-based decomposition to understand underlying time-series patterns. Over the past 5 years, a total of 6,15,991 dengue cases and 3,079 deaths, with an overall CFR of 0.49%, were recorded. The year-wise highest CFR was recorded in 2024 (0.56%; 95% CI: 0.52–0.62). The month-wise and season-wise mean CFRs were recorded highest in February (1.21%) and winter (0.74%), respectively, while the division-wise highest mean CFR was recorded in Dhaka (0.60%). In addition, the month of February (AOR = 3.09; 95% CI 1.59−5.38; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and the winter season (OR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.41−1.82; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) had significantly higher odds for dengue CFR. Compared to Dhaka, most of the other divisions had significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) lower odds for dengue CFR. The year 2024 had significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) higher odds for dengue CFR compared to most other years under study. This present study identified the critical time and high-risk areas in Bangladesh, underscoring the need for public health interventions and enhanced surveillance systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RBM6 Facilitates RLR-Mediated Antiviral Responses by Promoting K63-Linked Ubiquitination of MAVS","authors":"De-Ping Kong,&nbsp;Ni Zhong,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;Yan-Ping Xiao,&nbsp;Jing-Ping Huang,&nbsp;Ting Hu,&nbsp;Bo-Wen Yu,&nbsp;Qi-Yu Xie,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Hui-Hong Li,&nbsp;Jian-Kun Xie,&nbsp;Liang-Guo Xu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS; also known as VISA, IPS-1, or Cardif) is the central adaptor of the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) pathway. Upon viral infection, MAVS forms prion-like aggregates to activate NF-κB and IRF3, thereby inducing type I interferon production and antiviral responses. Here, we identify RNA-binding motif protein 6 (RBM6) as a previously unrecognized positive regulator of MAVS signaling during Sendai virus (SeV) infection. RBM6 overexpression enhanced SeV-induced IFN-β expression, whereas RBM6 deficiency impaired this response. Mechanistically, RBM6 enhanced K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS, promoting MAVS aggregation and facilitating the recruitment of TRAF6. Domain-mapping analysis further localized the antiviral activity of RBM6 to its zinc finger (ZnF) domain spanning residues 850–1045. Together, these findings establish RBM6 as an important enhancer of MAVS signalosome assembly and provide new insight into ubiquitin-dependent regulation of the RLR antiviral pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between EBV Lytic Replication and Liver Injury in Patients With HBeAg-Negative Chronic HBV Infection","authors":"Yongxi Zhang,&nbsp;Liping Deng,&nbsp;Rongrong Yang,&nbsp;Yong Xiong,&nbsp;Xien Gui,&nbsp;Ke Lan,&nbsp;Ke Zhuang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71071","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study aims to characterize the impact of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic replication on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We retrospectively enrolled 261 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection who were admitted to Zhongnan Hospital between 2019 and 2025. Plasma levels of HBV-DNA, EBV-DNA, and liver function parameters were collected. Patients were grouped based on their viral DNA status, and the association between viral DNA status and liver function was evaluated. Compared to the HBV-DNA-negative group, HBV-DNA-positivity was significantly associated with aggravated hepatic injury, as evidenced by elevated ALT, AST, lymphocyte count, and fibrosis scores (APRI and FIB-4). Notably, regardless of HBV-DNA status or the stage of liver disease (CHB or LC), EBV-DNA-positivity was consistently associated with significantly lower plasma albumin (Alb) levels and albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio compared to EBV-DNA-negative patients. The reduction in the A/G ratio was attributable to decreased Alb levels rather than to elevated globulin (Glb) levels. These results suggest that EBV lytic replication was associated with hypoalbuminemia in this study. Circulating EBV-DNA status holds promise as a potential biomarker for monitoring disease progression, or assessing disease severity in patients with chronic HBV infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}