Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Integrating scRNA-Seq and Spatial Transcriptomics Reveal Novel Risk Stratification Signatures in Cervical Carcinoma","authors":"Jiayu Chen,&nbsp;Zhaoxiang Xie,&nbsp;Xuzhu Liu,&nbsp;Liangkai Zheng,&nbsp;Meiqing Li,&nbsp;Yanxiu Liu,&nbsp;Meng Jiang,&nbsp;Weiyan Ma,&nbsp;Chen Lin,&nbsp;Yulin Zhou,&nbsp;Rongqin Ke","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71184","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. Biomarker-assisted screening may improve diagnostic accuracy, but biomarkers predicting progression of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) remain limited. We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to identify prognostic biomarkers associated with LSIL outcomes, followed by validation using improved in situ sequencing (IISS). Analysis of 341,978 single cells identified eight major cell populations and twelve epithelial subclusters, including a previously unrecognized subcluster, epi8. Although mainly derived from normal cervix, epi8 exhibited cancer-associated features and shared molecular characteristics with the prognostic biomarkers <i>FAM19A4</i> and <i>miR124-2</i>. <i>In situ</i> sequencing showed that epi8 localized adjacent to human papillomavirus-infected basal cells, with stage-dependent spatial changes during disease progression. Retrospective analysis further demonstrated that epi8-associated markers stratified LSIL into progression, persistence, and regression groups, with <i>CRYAB</i>^<i>high</i><i>/GAS5</i>^<i>high</i> associated with progression and <i>RPLP1</i>^<i>high</i><i>/SNHG5</i>^<i>high</i> associated with regression. We identified a previously unrecognized epithelial subcluster associated with early cervical carcinogenesis and demonstrated that its molecular markers enable risk stratification of LSIL, providing candidate biomarkers for precision triage in cervical cancer screening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torque Teno Virus Viremia in Complicated Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Prevalence, Viral Load, and Associations With Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Outcomes","authors":"Fabian Ritter,&nbsp;Stephan Moser,&nbsp;Karoline Leuzinger,&nbsp;Michael Osthoff","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Torque teno virus (TTV) is a recognized marker of immune competence, but its relevance in severe bacterial infections is unclear. We evaluated prevalence, viral load, and clinical relevance of TTV viremia in complicated <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infection (CSAI). In this ancillary analysis of two prospective pharmacokinetic cohort studies at a Swiss university hospital, stored plasma samples were tested for TTV DNA using TTV R-GENE PCR, and cytokines were measured by multiplex immunoassay. Associations between TTV load, inflammatory biomarkers, and clinical outcomes (including 30-day mortality) were assessed. Among 103 patients (median age 67.9 years; 85% with bloodstream infection), TTV viremia was detected in 76% at baseline with a median viral load of 2.85 log₁₀ copies/mL (IQR 1.87–3.56). Levels remained stable over 1 week despite declining inflammatory markers. Baseline TTV load was numerically higher in 30-day non-survivors (3.53 vs. 2.83 log₁₀ copies/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.054) and not associated with mortality after adjusting for age, sex, and SOFA score (OR 1.29 per log₁₀ increase; 95% CI 0.82–2.02; <i>p</i> = 0.268). TTV load was not associated with ICU admission, bacteremia duration, or length of stay. TTV viremia is common in CSAI but shows no significant association with inflammation or short-term outcomes, suggesting limited value for risk stratification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Viral Infections in Febrile Children With Lymphoreticular Malignancies: A Single-Centre Descriptive Study","authors":"Keerthana M R,&nbsp;Shukla Das,&nbsp;Charu Jain,&nbsp;Pooja Dewan,&nbsp;Rumpa Saha,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Sajad Ahmad Dar","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with lymphoreticular malignancies are highly vulnerable to respiratory viral infections (RVIs) because of disease- and chemotherapy-related immunosuppression, yet data on their epidemiology, clinical spectrum, and outcomes from resource-limited settings remain scarce. This study aimed to characterize the seasonal distribution, clinical presentation, and outcomes of RVIs other than SARS-CoV-2 in febrile children with lymphoreticular malignancies at a tertiary care centre in India. In this prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study (May 2023–November 2024), 33 children under 12 years of age with lymphoreticular malignancies were enrolled at a tertiary care centre in Delhi, India, contributing 70 febrile episodes with respiratory symptoms. All episodes were screened for SARS-CoV-2 by rapid antigen test at admission, independent of the viral PCR panel, and none tested positive. Nasopharyngeal swabs were analyzed by multiplex real-time PCR (TRUPCR® Respiratory Viral Pathogen Panel Kit, 3B BlackBio, Bhopal, India; CFX96™, Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) targeting 18 other respiratory viral pathogens. Respiratory viruses were detected in 34% of episodes (24/70). The most prevalent viruses identified were human coronavirus (HCoV α/β, 21%), human rhinovirus (HRV, 17%), human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3, 13%), influenza A (IAV,13%), and human adenovirus (HAdV, 13%). Co-infections occurred in 13% of virus-positive episodes, with HAdV being the predominant co-pathogen. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) predominated (87%). Among virus-positive episodes, breathlessness (<i>p</i> = 0.005), URTI/LRTI classification (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and abnormal chest radiography (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with viral status. Two patients (6%) died, both attributed to lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) caused by human parainfluenza virus type 4 (HPIV-4). The remaining 66% of episodes were PCR-negative. No SARS-CoV-2 was detected in this cohort at any point during the study period. In approximately one-third of febrile episodes of children with hematologic malignancies, a viral pathogen could be detected. Both fatalities in this cohort were associated with HPIV-4-related LRTI; although the numbers are small, this finding warrants clinical attention and continued epidemiological surveillance in this population. Multiplex PCR supports targeted management; prospective, multicentre stewardship studies are needed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resurgence of Sexually Transmitted Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV","authors":"Shui-Shan Lee,&nbsp;Denise Pui-Chung Chan,&nbsp;Bonnie Chun-Kwan Wong,&nbsp;Danny King Fai Cheung,&nbsp;Ngai Sze Wong","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2023–2025, HCV transmission in men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in Hong Kong resurged. This study aims to assess the epidemiologic patterns between 2011 and 2025. Among 288 MSM with sexually acquired HCV infection, 73% were diagnosed at least 12 months after HIV diagnosis, and 98% had ever achieved HIV viral load suppression. Comparing with Period 1 (2015–2022) featuring a large HCV genotype 3a cluster (89 diagnoses) and a few smaller HCV genotype 1a clusters (size of 2 to 13), Period 2 (2023–2025) was dominated by two HCV genotype 1a clusters (7 and 16 new diagnoses). Transmission of genotype 3a viruses subsided in Period 2, with only 3 new diagnoses. Comparing with Period 1, a higher proportion of MSM with HCV diagnoses in Period 2 self-reported sexualised injecting drug use (OR = 3.82, 95% CI 1.59–9.20) and HCV direct-acting antivirals therapy (no treatment as reference group, OR = 3.72, 95%CI 1.82–7.60). The epidemic rebound by a different HCV genotype was likely contributed by increased engagement in chemsex and post-COVID-19 population mobility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Phylodynamic Analysis of HRSV-A and HRSV-B in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Reveals Recurrent Dispersals From the Megalopolis Center to Suburban Cities","authors":"Alessandra Pavan Lamarca,&nbsp;Melise Chaves Silveira,&nbsp;Renata Campos Azevedo,&nbsp;Maria Angélica Arpon Marandino Guimarães,&nbsp;Claudia Maria Braga de Mello,&nbsp;Adriana Cardoso Camargo,&nbsp;Leandro Magalhães de Souza,&nbsp;Alexandra Lehmkuhl Gerber,&nbsp;Ana Paula C. Guimarães,&nbsp;Andréa Cony Cavalcanti,&nbsp;Ana Tereza Ribeiro Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71177","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and represents a major burden to public health systems worldwide. Despite its epidemiological relevance, genomic surveillance of HRSV in Brazil remains limited. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity and dispersal dynamics of HRSV-A and HRSV-B in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the period immediately preceding the implementation of maternal vaccination and prophylactic monoclonal antibodies. A total of 136 near-complete HRSV genomes were recovered from respiratory samples collected between May 2024 and June 2025 using metagenomic sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses identified 11 HRSV-A and five HRSV-B lineages, with most sequences belonging to the A.D.3 and B.D.E.1 clades. Phylodynamic reconstructions revealed multiple independent introductions into the state, with the city of Rio de Janeiro acting as the primary within-state dispersal hub. Viral dispersal routes originating from the capital also showed greater mean transmission distances than those from other municipalities. Coinfections with additional respiratory viruses were frequently detected, and most HRSV-positive patients were children under 1 year of age. These results demonstrate that HRSV circulation in Rio de Janeiro is shaped by repeated introductions and strong spatial structuring centered around highly connected urban areas. Our findings underscore the importance of continuous genomic surveillance to monitor viral evolution, characterize transmission dynamics, and support science-based public health strategies against HRSV. Establishing robust monitoring systems will be critical to evaluate the impact of newly implemented immunization programs in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Methylation Marker FAM19A4/mir124-2 and HPV Genotype in Active Surveillance of Women With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 (CIN2)","authors":"Milena Mikluš,&nbsp;Mario Poljak,&nbsp;Jana Mlakar,&nbsp;Andrej Cokan,&nbsp;Maja Pakiž,&nbsp;Jure Knez,&nbsp;Leyla Al-Mahdawi,&nbsp;Luka Roškar,&nbsp;Mario Gorenjak,&nbsp;Anja Oštrbenk,&nbsp;Grega Gimpelj Domjanič,&nbsp;Andraž Dovnik","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71175","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71175","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>A substantial proportion of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) spontaneously regress, supporting the use of active surveillance over immediate treatment. Identification of prognostic factors associated with higher rates of spontaneous regression could enable better selection of patients in whom such approach would be safe. We evaluated the prognostic value of <i>FAM19A4/miR124-2</i> methylation status, HPV genotype, and baseline cytology for predicting spontaneous regression of CIN2. Women aged 18–40 years with CIN2 were prospectively enroled and followed for 2 years. At baseline, HPV genotyping was performed together with <i>FAM19A4/miR124-2</i> methylation analysis. Among 119 enroled patients, the rate of spontaneous regression of CIN2 was 61.3% (73/119). Regression of CIN2 was significantly associated with HPV genotype (<i>χ</i>² = 19.374; <i>p</i> = 0.002) and negative methylation result (<i>χ</i>² = 10.945; <i>p</i> = 0.012). Negative methylation in combination with low-grade cytology and non-HPV16 genotype was associated with regression rates of 71.4% and 70.4%, respectively. Spontaneous regression of CIN2 is more frequent in women with non-HPV16 infection and negative <i>FAM19A4/miR124-2</i> methylation. A combination of these markers improves identification of women with lower risk of disease progression and supports safer implementation of active surveillance and conservative management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT05624827.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Adenovirus B114 (P7H3F3): A Neglected Re-Emergent Pathogen Long Misclassified as HAdV-B3 With Novel Genomic Variations","authors":"Li Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Wu,&nbsp;Lingyu Shen,&nbsp;Weijia Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Xu,&nbsp;Tingbi Zhao,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhao,&nbsp;Zhaomin Feng,&nbsp;Daitao Zhang,&nbsp;Guilan Lu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Acute respiratory infection (ARI) outbreaks in Beijing caused by human adenovirus B114 (HAdV-B114) have long been misclassified as HAdV-B3. Its origin, evolutionary trajectory and long-term transmission dynamics remain poorly understood. This study aimed to clarify its epidemiological characteristics, genomic variations, recombination features and evolutionary history. Among 51 HAdV outbreaks in Beijing from 2017 to 2024, 32 originally designated as HAdV-B3 were studied. Viral isolation was performed on 267 positive samples, conducted targeted and whole-genome sequencing, and carried out phylogenetic, amino acid variation, recombination and Bayesian analyses on core capsid genes. All 32 outbreaks were confirmed to be caused by HAdV-B114, which had circulated in Beijing since 2017, mainly causing outbreaks among young primary school students. We obtained 177 isolates, and successfully acquired penton, hexon and fiber genes from 127 strains. These three genes were fully identical in isolates from the same outbreak, so one strain per outbreak was selected as representative. Phylogenetic analysis showed its penton gene clustered with HAdV-B7, while hexon and fiber genes resembled HAdV-B3. Compared with HAdV-B114 reference sequence, variants had mutations and insertions in hexon and penton. 34-nt deletion mutants of HAdV-B114 were discovered in the 2023–2024 outbreaks, and they were confirmed as HAdV-B3/B7 recombinants. The most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of HAdV-B114 penton gene divergence was 1993.718, and variant 24SYYQ0247 formed an independent sublineage. HAdV-B114 is a misidentified re-emergent virus that has long circulated in Beijing and achieved widespread prevalence. Sustained adenovirus molecular surveillance is essential for ARI prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Meteorological Factors on Elderly Influenza in Shenzhen and Beijing From 2017 to 2024: A Time Series Study","authors":"Mingting Wang,&nbsp;Yanpeng Cheng,&nbsp;Qianli Yuan,&nbsp;Fang Huang,&nbsp;Xiujuan Tang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Shao,&nbsp;Tianshuo Zhao,&nbsp;Sihui Zhang,&nbsp;Xiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Tiancheng Xie,&nbsp;Qingsong Xu,&nbsp;Yujie Cheng,&nbsp;Juan Du,&nbsp;QingBin Lu,&nbsp;Min Lv,&nbsp;Zhigao Chen,&nbsp;Fuqiang Cui","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China's heterogeneous climatic conditions and geographic complexity contribute to distinct influenza patterns between northern and southern regions, complicating incidence prediction. Utilizing real-world data, this study aimed to characterize the epidemiology of influenza among elderly populations in Shenzhen and Beijing (representative southern and northern cities) and evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on influenza risk. Laboratory-confirmed influenza cases in individuals aged ≥ 60 years were obtained from China's National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System (January 2017–April 2024). Spearman correlation analysis identified meteorological factors associated with weekly case counts. Significant factors were incorporated into a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to quantify city-specific, non-linear lagged effects of meteorological variables on influenza risk across pre-pandemic (2017–2019) and post-pandemic (2023–2024) periods. From 2017 to 2024, a total of 31,126 cases of influenza in the elderly were reported in Shenzhen and 22,907 cases were reported in three districts of Beijing. DLNM model fitting showed that each meteorological factor had a nonlinear relationship with influenza incidence. Low temperatures in Shenzhen post-pandemic (lag second weeks: RR = 2.54, 2.20, 2.94), and in Beijing pre-pandemic (lag second weeks: RR = 9.3, 5.23,16.55), post-pandemic (lag third weeks: RR = 9.57, 7.08,12.93) promote the onset of influenza. In Beijing, pre-pandemic high precipitation had an RR of 33.38 (1.48, 7.68) at lag third weeks, which decreased to &lt; 1 post-pandemic. For high precipitation, Shenzhen's pre-pandemic RR at lag third weeks was 9.84 (6.30, 15.37), declining to 5.74 (4.28, 7.70) post-pandemic. Post-pandemic, low atmospheric pressure in Shenzhen (lag third weeks: RR = 1.54, 1.22, 1.94) and high pressure in Beijing (lag third weeks: RR = 5.20, 3.88, 6.96) were associated with elevated influenza risk. The exposure curve for wind speed has a “valley” shape, the RR decreases and then increases as the wind speed changes from low to high, and the risk of influenza is higher for either too high or too low wind speeds. The impact of meteorological factors on influenza among the elderly demonstrates significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity. In both Shenzhen and Beijing, low temperatures and extreme wind speeds (high and low) promote influenza incidence. High precipitation consistently enhances influenza risk in Shenzhen, while in Beijing, its effect shifted from promoting to protective. Post-pandemic, low pressure in Shenzhen and high pressure in Beijing were associated with increased influenza. These findings underscore the importance of integrating regional meteorological and socio-environmental factors into influenza prevention, control, and prediction strategies to more accurately assess epidemic trends and risks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends of Serum Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Positivity Among Clinically Tested Pediatric Patients in Hangzhou, China, 2016–2025: A 10-Year Retrospective Study","authors":"Xudong Xu,&nbsp;Cuiying Ye,&nbsp;Jun Zhou,&nbsp;Xiangyang Xiao,&nbsp;Xinfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71176","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71176","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aimed To describe the 10-year temporal trends of serum Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA positivity among pediatric patients tested at Hangzhou Children's Hospital, and to explore demographic and seasonal variations across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. A total of 11,689 serum samples from children aged 0–15 years who underwent EBV nucleic acid testing at Hangzhou Children's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2025 were retrospectively analyzed, including 2,160 positive results. Demographic characteristics (sex, age), visit type (outpatient/inpatient), and temporal distributions (year, month) were examined. Monthly detection rates were calculated using monthly testing denominators. Group comparisons were performed using chi-square tests; the linear-by-linear association Chi-square test was applied to annual rates. Multivariable negative-binomial regression with offset for monthly test volumes and interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA) were used to evaluate independent associations with secular trend, seasonality, and pandemic phase. The overall EBV-DNA detection rate was 18.48% (2,160/11,689) among tested samples. A deduplication sensitivity analysis yielded a corrected patient-level rate of 18.26%, confirming robustness. Females (20.04%) had a higher rate than males (17.26%, χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 14.66, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Outpatients (28.24%) showed a higher rate than inpatients (16.62%, χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 141.6, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Age distribution was concentrated in children aged 1–8 years (86.02% of positives), peaking at 5 years (25.14%) and lowest in infants &lt; 1 year (2.46%). Annual detection rates rose from 7.25% (2016) to 29.69% (2025) (linear-by-linear association Chi-square test, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Monthly detection rates suggested a descriptive bimodal pattern, with an autumn peak (September–November, 21.07%) and a spring peak (March–May, 17.88%), although formal testing did not reach statistical significance (joint Wald χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 14.72, df = 11, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.195). Across pandemic phases, unadjusted rates were 12.03% (pre-pandemic), 19.61% (pandemic), and 21.64% (post-pandemic). Multivariable negative-binomial regression revealed that the long-term secular trend was the only significant predictor (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 1.029 per month, 95% CI: 1.000–1.059, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.047), while pandemic phase (aRR = 1.171, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.347) and post-pandemic phase (aRR = 1.233, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.288) were not significant. ITSA showed no significant level or slope changes at either breakpoint (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). In this hospital-based tested population, serum EBV-DNA positivity showed a significant upward secular trend over 2016–2025. The post-pandemic increase was primarily driven by a pre-existing secular trend rather than a discrete “rebound” attributable to immunity debt. Due to selection bias from non-standardized testing indications, these findings should not be generalized ","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sigma-1 Receptor-Targeting Compounds Show Antiviral Activity Across Multiple Coronavirus Models","authors":"Cuiling Zhang,&nbsp;Xingpeng Dong,&nbsp;Jiaying Liu,&nbsp;Minghua chen,&nbsp;Lisen Lin,&nbsp;Gaojie Song,&nbsp;Xianzhu Xia,&nbsp;Gaoxing Su,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Chao Shang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past two decades, coronaviruses have caused three major public health crises, including the epidemics of <i>SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV</i>, and <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>. Following the outbreak of <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>, several antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19. However, the high mutation rate of <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> has led to the emergence of multiple variants, some of which can escape vaccine-induced immunity and develop resistance to virus-targeted drugs. Viruses rely on host cell mechanisms to complete replication and transmission. Host-directed therapy is an emerging strategy that inhibits infection by targeting host cell factors essential for pathogen replication. Interventions targeting host factors have been proven effective in limiting viral infections and have the potential to reduce the risk of drug resistance. Our previous study found that the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is involved in the autophagic process mediated by the <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> non-structural protein NSP6, suggesting that σ1R may serve as a therapeutic target against <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>. In this study, we found that the σ1R antagonists BD-1047 and σ1RA1 inhibited <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> and its variants <i>in vitro</i> and showed antiviral activity <i>in vivo</i>. At the cellular level, these compounds also inhibited porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (<i>PEDV</i>) and infectious bronchitis virus (<i>IBV</i>), indicating cross-model antiviral activity. BD-1047 further showed antiviral activity against <i>HCoV-OC43</i> in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models. In addition, Ocaperidone, identified through computer-aided screening, exhibited protective effects against <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> and <i>HCoV-OC43</i> in both cell-based and mouse models. Collectively, these findings support σ1R as a host-associated antiviral target candidate and provide several compounds for further optimization and mechanistic investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}