Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"KSHV Genome in Saliva, Whole Blood and Kaposi's Sarcoma Biopsy Specimens in Republic of Congo: Phylogenetic Analysis and an APOBEC3B Mutational Signature.","authors":"Gervillien Arnold Malonga, Valentin Leducq, Antoine Fauchois, Dimitry Moudiongui Mboungou Malanda, Patrina Joseph Iloukou Mayakia, Juthèce Private Malanda-Kiminou, Ferdinand Emaniel Brel Got, Fabien Gaël Mouamba, Vincent Calvez, Jean Felix Peko, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Aude Jary","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70933","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been associated with a variety of diseases and is endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. We performed KSHV-whole-genome analysis and search for APOBEC-editing to describe genetic diversity in samples issued from an endemic region. We included 15 Congolese samples including 12 saliva and whole blood samples of people living with HIV and 3 KS biopsies samples, to perform KSHV qPCR and NGS Illumina followed by KSHV typing on ORFs K1 and K15. Furthermore, we looked for APOBEC3B-mutations in KSHV-whole-genome sequences. KSHV viral load was detectable in all samples and ranged from 374 to 72799 copies/10⁶ cells. NGS allowed us to have 8 full sequences out of the 15 samples analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis on KSHV-whole-genome resulted in distinct phylogenetic clustering between the genomic sequences of Congolese KSHV and those derived from Western countries. KSHV ORF-K1 subtypes A5, B and C were identified. On KSHV ORF-K15, only the P subtype was observed. We found virtually no APOBEC3B-induced mutations in KSHV genome. KSHV sequences from Congo samples present phylogenetic particularities but remain close to the whole genome sequences found in Sub-Saharan Africa. We were able to observe, using bioinformatics tools, only very few mutations due to APOBEC3B on KSHV genome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70933"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Cell Culture-Based Immunocolorimetric Assay for Detection of Rotaviruses in Fecal Specimens Collected From the Acute Gastroenteritis Children.","authors":"Neelakshi S Kumbhar, Supriya S Suryawanshi, Prabha Hela, Pankaj G Pandey, Mallika Lavania, Sunil R Vaidya","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotavirus (RV) is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in developing and low-income countries. Hence, precise and prompt diagnosis of rotavirus infection is vital for treatment. The currently employed detection methods include rotavirus real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) which have some known strengths and weaknesses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rotaviruses are difficult to grow in various cell substrates; however, a few cell lines, including MA104, show evident virus growth. Hence, MA104 cell-based immunocolorimetric assay (ICA) was developed, and its sensitivity and specificity were studied with the existing rotavirus detection methods that target the viral antigen or nucleic acid. A total of 84 fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis children were utilized, and the results of ICA were compared with commercial Ag-ELISA and in-house RT-qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cell culture-based RV-ICA was successfully standardized and validated with commercial Ag-ELISA and in-house RT-qPCR. The sensitivity and specificity of ICA with commercial Ag-ELISA were found to be 90.7% and 36.6%, respectively. The comparison of RT-qPCR with RV-ICA showed slightly lower sensitivity, that is, 84.3%, whereas increased specificity, that is, 57.1%. The positive predictive value of RV-ICA with Ag-ELISA and RT-qPCR was 60% and 90.7%, respectively. It is well accepted that RT-qPCR is a more sensitive and rapid assay for virus detection due to amplification and quantification of target nucleic acid. However, a cell culture-based ICA has an added advantage over Ag-ELISA and RT-qPCR, due to added possibility of rotavirus isolation from positive fecal specimens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The standardized cell culture-based RV-ICA supports the detection of live rotaviruses from fecal specimens over the commercial Ag-ELISA and RT-qPCR, thus helps identify samples suitable for rotavirus isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LINC01012 Drives Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through HNRNPL-Mediated Stabilization of Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase-S.","authors":"Jianhui Zhu, Peng Dai","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70947","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long noncoding RNA LINC01012 is known to play critical roles in tumorigenesis. However, its underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unclear in hepatitis B (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to identify the potential protein targets of LINC01012 and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which LINC01012 promotes HBV-HCC progression. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to investigate whether LINC01012 expression is abnormal in HCC and whether such abnormalities hold clinical significance. HBV-HCC cases were collected to validate LINC01012 expression levels and clinical value in HBV-HCC. The effects of LINC01012 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were studied using HBV-HCC cell lines (HepAD38 and HepG2.2.15). Bioinformatics predictions combined with RIP and RNA pulldown experiments were employed to predict and validate RBPs interacting with LINC01012 and its downstream target genes. The results showed that LINC01012 was significantly upregulated in HBV-HCC tissues and serum and correlated with advanced T stage, TNM stage, vascular invasion, and poor survival. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed high LINC01012 expression as an independent prognostic factor (HR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.21-5.24). Functional studies demonstrated that LINC01012 knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and expression of α-SMA. Mechanistically, LINC01012 directly interacted with HNRNPL, which in turn promoted the stability of the oncogenic splice variant SLK-S. Silencing LINC01012 reduced both HNRNPL and SLK-S expression. In conclusion, LINC01012 may act as an oncogenic lncRNA in HBV-HCC by stabilizing SLK-S via interaction with HNRNPL, promoting malignant phenotypes, and predicting poor prognosis. These findings highlight its potential as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in HBV-driven HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70947"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of the Enterovirus D68 Outbreak in Spain in 2024\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70955","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of the New HIV VIDAS® DUO AG/AB Assay With DUO Ultra on Well Characterized Participants From the HIV-1 Acute Infection French ANRS PRIMO Cohort.","authors":"Gilbert Mchantaf, Xavier Maia, Valérie Andriantsoanirina, Océane Dehan, Karl Stefic, Laurent Hocqueloux, Olivier Robineau, Alain Makinson, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70953","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnosing HIV-1 infection as early as the primary infection is crucial. In this context, we performed a comparative evaluation and agreement analysis of the newly proposed serological assay for the combined detection of total antibodies against HIV and P24 antigen (HIV VIDAS® DUO AG/AB, bioMérieux®), with the previously available HIV VIDAS® DUO Ultra assay in the well characterized acute-HIV-infection multicentric ANRS-CO-06-PRIMO Cohort in classification of Fiebig stages combined with confirmatory testing. Samples collected on the day of enrollment in the cohort, between April 2024 and June 2025, were analyzed with both serological assays. We also performed a recency infection assay, an HIV-1 westernblotting and the measurement of HIV-RNA. Acute infection was classified according to Fiebig stages and compared between both assays. All samples (n = 77) were positive with both assays. One major discordance was noted, with a positive antigen and a negative antibody reaction with DUO AG/AB, with an opposite configuration with DUO Ultra. A high proportion of not determinable signals (26% to 68%) was noted with both assays, prompting a difficulty in classifying acute infection stages in the absence of confirmatory assays. The high rate of not determinable signals especially with P24 antigen with both assays demonstrated in our study, could prompt a difficulty in acute infection classification according to Fiebig.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of Calcium Influx Reduces Coxsackievirus B3 Lethality With Elevated Interferon Beta Responses in Mice.","authors":"Yi-Ling Hsiao, Cheng-Huei Hung, Ming Te Yeh, Shun-Hua Chen","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70938","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The disease course of severe enterovirus (EV) infection with hepatic necrosis is usually fulminant and fatal. Coxsackievirus (CVB3) is the emerging and important serotype of newborn EV inducing hepatic necrosis. Calcium (Ca²⁺) regulates host immunity, type I interferon (IFN-I), and viral infections. The interaction of Ca²⁺, IFN-I, and CVB3-induced hepatitis remains to be investigated. To address these issues, we used the Ca²⁺ blocker manidipine, which reduces Ca²⁺ influx into cells and is used in the clinic, the human hepatoma cell line (HuH7) for in vitro studies, and a murine infection model. In vitro results showed that CVB3 infection increased levels of intracellular Ca²⁺ and Ca²⁺-binding proteins, calmodulin and calcineurin, which are IFN-I suppressors. Moreover, manidipine decreased CVB3 titers in a manner dependent on IFN-I. Mouse results revealed that manidipine reduced CVB3 lethality, viral loads, and organ damage of infected mice with elevated levels of IFN-β protein and mRNAs encoding IFN-β and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), especially in the liver. Mechanism studies showed that manidipine enhanced the levels of mRNAs encoding IFN-β or ISG, IFNB1 promoter activity, and IFN-β induction pathways of both RLR and STING in infected HuH7 cells. Overall, CVB3 infection increases Ca²⁺ influx to suppress IFN-β, and blocking Ca²⁺ influx has the potential to reduce CVB3 infection by enhancing IFN-β.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Viral Infections Following CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy.","authors":"Julian J Weiss, Julia Messina, Jennifer Saullo, Yan Li, Tessa M Andermann, Melody Smith, Daniel Schrum, Erin Eberwein, Erin Kennedy, Krista Rowe-Nichols, Christopher Kelsey, Taewoong Choi, Matthew McKinney, Yubin Kang, Jonathan Huggins","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory viral infections (RVI) are an important infectious complication after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. However, the epidemiology of RVI following CAR T-cell therapy and their risk factors are not well defined. To describe the incidence, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of RVI in patients who have received CD19 CAR T-cell therapy and identify independent risk factors for infection, we performed a retrospective, single-center cohort study including 101 patients treated with CD19 CAR T-cell therapy between April 2018 and January 2023. Demographic, clinical, and infection characteristics were recorded and compared among patients who did and did not develop RVI within 18 months of CAR T-cell infusion. Logistic regression was performed to assess for predictors of RVI. Among the 101 CAR T-cell recipients, 32 RVIs were diagnosed in 21 individuals (20.8%) for an infection density of 34 infections/100 person-years. SARS-CoV-2 was the most common cause of RVI (17, 53.1%). Infection severity was usually mild (56%) or moderate (41%) with only 1 patient developing severe RVI. We found that elevated BMI was associated with higher odds of RVI (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04, 1.23). This study provides detailed information on the clinical characteristics of RVI in patients following CAR T-cell therapy. RVI were a common complication following CAR T-cell therapy, but tended to be mild in severity and generally decreased in frequency with time. Larger prospective studies will be necessary to fully characterize risk factors for RVI and interventions that may reduce their incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Entecavir and Tenofovir Alafenamide on Quantitative HBsAg Reduction in Patients With CHB.","authors":"Jungnam Lee, Young-Joo Jin","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) are two first-line nucleos(t)ide analogs used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), each offering potent antiviral activity and a high barrier to resistance. We aimed to directly compare the effects of ETV and TAF on the quantitative reduction of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in CHB patients. We screened 1342 consecutive CHB patients treated with ETV or TAF at our center between January 2007 and December 2021. In total, 493 patients were included in the final analysis (ETV, n = 169; TAF, n = 324). The primary endpoint was the difference in quantitative HBsAg reduction between the two groups at 12 and 24 months. Secondary endpoints included changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), phosphorus, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels. Although the absolute median HBsAg reduction was not significantly different between the TAF and ETV groups (p > 0.05), more patients in the TAF group achieved > 10% quantitative HBsAg decline at 12 months (63.0% vs. 55.8%, p = 0.009) and 24 months (81.7% vs. 65.1%, p < 0.001). The TAF group demonstrated a stable median eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²) change compared to the ETV group (0.0 vs. -6.0, p = 0.003) at 24 months. The TAF group showed better preservation of serum phosphorus levels at 24 months (p = 0.003). The changes in LDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly different between the two groups. In CHB patients, TAF showed a significantly higher proportion of quantitative HBsAg reduction and a superior renal safety profile than ETV, without significant differences in LDL-cholesterol changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Predictive Marker of Serotype-Specific Antibody Response Following the 13-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Lykke Larsen, Claus Bistrup, Søren Schwartz Sørensen, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Christian Nielsen, Silje Vermedal Hoegh, Rune Micha Pedersen, Isik Somuncu Johansen","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies have shown that Torque teno virus (TTV) viral load predicts antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). However, its correlation with pneumococcal vaccine antibody response remains unknown. We enrolled KTRs receiving the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). TTV viral load and 12 pneumococcal serotype-specific (PSS) IgG antibodies were measured at baseline. PSS IgG antibodies again 12 weeks post-vaccination. Vaccine responders were defined as those with a minimum two-fold increase in the geometric mean concentration across all 12 PSS IgG antibodies. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of vaccine response, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis assessed the diagnostic performance of TTV viral load. Among 65 vaccinated KTRs, 38% responded to the vaccine. TTV viral load was inversely associated with vaccine response (adjusted odds ratio: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46-0.88, p = 0.006); no other variables were significantly associated. TTV viral load demonstrated modest diagnostic utility, with an area under the curve of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.61-0.84) and an optimal threshold of 4.71 log₁₀ copies/mL (sensitivity 60%, specificity 85%). These findings suggest that TTV viral load may serve as a predictor of PCV13 vaccine responsiveness and could help optimize immunization strategies in KTRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DENV-Specific IL-10-Producing Regulatory T Cells Are Associated With Mild Clinical Outcomes in Dengue.","authors":"Marcela Helena Gonçalves-Pereira, Camila Queiroz-Glauss, Maria Marta Figueiredo, Iracema Luisa Quintino-de-Carvalho, Michele Faria Ramos, Gabrielle Ariadine Bento, Télcia Vasconcelos Barros Magalhães, Adriana de Azevedo Mafra, Lilian Martins Oliveira Diniz, Último Libânio da Costa, Kenneth John Gollob, Maurício Lacerda Nogueira, Lis Ribeiro do Valle Antonelli, Helton da Costa Santiago","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue is classified into mild dengue, which is treated at outpatient clinics, dengue with warning signs (WS+), which requires hospitalization, and severe dengue, which can be fatal. It is assumed that severe manifestations result from uncontrolled immune activation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for controlling inflammation in various diseases, but are poorly studied in dengue. This study aimed to investigate the Tregs phenotype in different clinical forms of dengue infection. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from healthy donors and dengue patients. PBMCs were cultured in the presence of peptide libraries encoding the envelope (ENV) and NS3 viral proteins of DENV1. WS+ dengue patients presented higher plasma IL-10 levels than mild dengue during the febrile phase. In contrast, mild cases displayed a balanced proinflammatory and regulatory cytokine profile with high levels of IFNγ, TNF, and IL-10 in the plasma compared to WS+ group during the critical phase. Mild dengue patients also showed higher frequencies of Tregs with increased expression of GITR (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related) and CD200 when compared with WS+ dengue, both in critical and convalescent phases. In contrast, frequencies of PD1+ Tregs, which can indicate Tregs dysfunction, were increased in WS+ dengue subjects. Importantly, DENV-specific GITR+ Tregs were a source of IL-10 in mild dengue, but this population was absent from WS+ patients. While WS+ dengue patients presented altered regulatory phenotypes by Tregs, the presence of IL-10 by DENV-specific GITR+ Tregs and CD200+ Tregs was associated with mild presentation of dengue, suggesting that these regulatory mechanisms play an important role in limiting dengue immunopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 5","pages":"e70956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}