Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Changes in Dengue Epidemiology in China Before, During, and After COVID-19 2015–2024: A Retrospective National Surveillance and Spatiotemporal Study","authors":"Yu Chen,&nbsp;Meng Shang,&nbsp;Shengping Dou,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Wang,&nbsp;Haoqiang Ji,&nbsp;Qiyong Liu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71162","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dengue remains a major mosquito-borne disease in China. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) profoundly altered human mobility and public health responses, potentially reshaping dengue transmission dynamics. However, comprehensive nationwide evidence on their long-term epidemiological impact is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate changes in dengue epidemiology in China before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on temporal periodicity, importation and indigenous transmission, counterfactual deviations from pre-pandemic trends, and spatial risk redistribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a nationwide retrospective spatiotemporal study using reported dengue cases in China from 2015 to 2024. Epidemiological characteristics were compared across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic phases. Morlet wavelet analysis was used to assess temporal periodicity. A SARIMA model fitted to pre-pandemic data generated counterfactual forecasts for 2020–2024. Spatial patterns were evaluated using provincial incidence mapping, Global Moran's <i>I</i>, and Local Indicators of Spatial Association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 87 182 dengue cases were reported, with major peaks in 2019 and 2024. Imported cases declined sharply during 2020–2022 and rebounded after 2023, whereas indigenous transmission became increasingly dominant. Annual periodicity weakened during the pandemic but re-emerged after 2023. Observed incidence during 2020–2022 was frequently below counterfactual expectations, while substantial positive deviations appeared from mid-2023 and intensified in 2024. Post-pandemic dengue risk re-emerged in South and Southwest China and expanded inland, with weaker provincial clustering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 and related NPIs substantially reshaped dengue epidemiology in China, suppressing transmission during 2020–2022 but followed by a marked post-pandemic resurgence, increasing indigenous transmission, disrupted but re-emerging seasonality, and broader inland spread.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149039305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurring Temporal Association Between Influenza A Epidemics and Subsequent Influenza B Dominance in Post-Pandemic Korea, 2022−2026","authors":"Yoon Lee,&nbsp;Yoonsun Yoon,&nbsp;Ji Eun Park,&nbsp;Won Keun Kim,&nbsp;Youn Young Choi,&nbsp;Yun-Kyung Kim,&nbsp;Changmin Kang,&nbsp;Young Yoo,&nbsp;Young June Choe","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71169","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Post-pandemic influenza dynamics have shown unusual patterns globally. We investigated the re-emergence and recurrent seasonal dominance of influenza B in Korea across three post-pandemic seasons (2022−2026). We analyzed 157 consecutive weeks of national sentinel surveillance data (K-SenS, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency), covering September 2022 to August 2025, plus preliminary data through Week 10 of 2026. Influenza B predominance was defined as weeks with &gt; 50% influenza B among total influenza detections; a sensitivity analysis required overall influenza activity &gt; 5%. Influenza B activity remained minimal during the 2022−23 season (mean proportion 3.3%; peak 25.3%) and never reached predominance. Two complete predominance episodes followed influenza A epidemics: after the 2023−24 epidemic (co-circulating A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2; peak ILI 61.3/1000), B predominance began January 2024 and persisted 23 weeks (peak 100%); after the 2024−25A/H1N1pdm09-dominant epidemic (peak ILI 99.8/1000), it began February 2025 and accumulated 20 weeks over two periods with a brief interruption (peak 100%). Onset occurred 5−8 weeks after the influenza A peak by ILI (6−8 weeks virologically) in all three episodes, unaffected by threshold choice. A third episode following the 2025−26A/H3N2 epidemic was ongoing as of March 2026 (onset 7 weeks after the A peak). In post-pandemic Korea, influenza B repeatedly established seasonal dominance 5−8 weeks after influenza A epidemics across three consecutive seasons. This recurring temporal pattern may have implications for influenza surveillance, clinical preparedness, and vaccine strategy, though its underlying mechanism remains unestablished.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and Associated Factors of Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus Infection Among Blood Donors in Argentina: A Multicentre Study","authors":"Sara Noemí Vladimirsky,&nbsp;Juan Ignacio Degiuseppe,&nbsp;Lucio Oscar Otegui,&nbsp;Leonardo Sergio Brajterman,&nbsp;Carolina Fernandez,&nbsp;Constanza Lapera,&nbsp;Diego Anibal Dominguez,&nbsp;Alejandra Weisz,&nbsp;Claudia Nonaka,&nbsp;Nancy Rosana Altabert,&nbsp;Paula Alejandra Vazquez,&nbsp;Sonia Soledad Soto,&nbsp;Vanina Zelaya,&nbsp;Yanina Belen Miranda Arias,&nbsp;María Laura Minassian","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71157","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are enterically transmitted hepatotropic viruses with heterogeneous epidemiological patterns in Argentina. Data simultaneously evaluating both infections in blood donor populations are limited. We conducted a multicentre cross-sectional study including 848 blood donors from three Argentine blood banks between September 2024 and August 2025. Total antiHAV and antiHEV IgG antibodies were determined by ELISA. Sociodemographic, occupational, dietary, and donation-related variables were collected using standardized questionnaires. Logistic regression models with restricted cubic splines were applied to assess age-specific associations and inter-centre variability. Overall antiHAV seroprevalence was 62.9% (95% CI: 59.6–66.0) and antiHEV seroprevalence was 12.1% (95% CI: 10.1–14.5), with significant differences between blood banks. AntiHAV seropositivity showed a non-linear association with age and a significant interaction with blood bank (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), whereas no independent associations with questionnaire-derived exposures were identified after adjustment. AntiHEV seropositivity was not associated with age but remained independently associated with occupational food handling (aOR 1.94; 95% CI: 1.04–3.51) and game meat consumption (aOR 2.19; 95% CI: 1.24–3.81). Dual seropositivity (6.5%) was consistent with statistical independence between infections. AntiHAV and antiHEV seroprevalence in this accessible adult donor population provides updated epidemiological information from three Argentine blood banks. The study also adds data on joint seroprevalence and associated factors, contributing to the understanding of HAV and HEV exposure patterns in this setting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Admissions for Hepatitis A and E in Spain: Nationwide Trends and In-Hospital Outcomes","authors":"Mario Martín-Portugués,&nbsp;Jorge Esteban-Sampedro,&nbsp;Alejandro Muñoz-Serrano,&nbsp;Natalia Vicente-López,&nbsp;Patricia Mills-Sánchez,&nbsp;Laura Dorado-Doblado,&nbsp;Carmen de Mendoza,&nbsp;Vicente Soriano,&nbsp;Víctor Moreno-Torres","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71159","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71159","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The prognosis of acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients with immunosuppression (IS) or chronic liver disease (CLD) remains unclear. We aimed to identify predictors of severe outcomes in these patients. Using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database, we identified all admissions for acute HAV or HEV (January 2016–December 2023). Primary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission, acute or subacute hepatic failure, and in-hospital mortality. Multivariable logistic regression estimated associations between IS causes, CLD etiologies, and outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, and extrahepatic manifestations. Among 6477 unique admissions, 5306 had HAV (81.9%) and 1191 had HEV (18.4%), including 20 dual HAV/HEV coinfections counted in both virus-specific groups. HEV admissions increased whereas HAV admissions declined over time. HAV admissions were younger (39.5 vs. 59.8 years) and had higher HIV coinfection rates (6.8% vs. 1.3%), but lower rates of IS (20.0% vs. 45.7%) and underlying CLD (12.4% vs. 32.7%) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). HAV admissions had lower rates of acute or subacute hepatic failure (2.4% vs. 4.5%) and mortality (1.4% vs. 3.1%). All admissions with coded acute or subacute hepatic failure had pre-existing CLD. Multivariable analysis identified CLD as the principal mortality determinant (HAV: OR 2.8, 95% CI: 1.7–4.6; HEV: OR 5.2, 95% CI: 2.5–10.9). Alcoholic liver disease predicted both acute or subacute hepatic failure and mortality in both viruses; autoimmune hepatitis predicted hepatic failure only, and chronic hepatic insufficiency predicted ICU admission in both viruses, acute or subacute hepatic failure in HAV, and mortality in HEV. Despite increased mortality, IS did not predict acute or subacute hepatic failure. Severe outcomes in admissions with HAV and HEV infections are mostly driven by baseline hepatic reserve regardless of viral type. Thus, risk stratification should prioritize pre-existing liver dysfunction, the major risk determinant for acute or subacute hepatic failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eugenol-Derived Piperazine Mannich Bases as Selective Inhibitors of Mayaro Virus: In Vitro Antiviral Evaluation and Mechanistic Insights","authors":"Adriana Cotta Cardoso Reis,&nbsp;Amália Luíza de Sousa da Silva,&nbsp;Camila Portruneli,&nbsp;Augusto Vieira Pontes Silva,&nbsp;Saulo Fehelberg Pinto Braga,&nbsp;Igor Rodrigues Lapa,&nbsp;Thiago Belarmino de Souza,&nbsp;Lucas Lopardi Franco,&nbsp;Diogo Teixeira Carvalho,&nbsp;Geraldo Célio Brandão","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Arboviruses represent an ongoing global health challenge, particularly in tropical regions where diseases caused by <i>Chikungunya virus</i> (CHIKV) and <i>Mayaro virus</i> (MAYV) continue to emerge. Given the absence of licensed antiviral therapies, the identification of effective small molecules remains critical. This study evaluated sixteen eugenol- and dihydroeugenol-derived piperazine Mannich bases for antiviral activity against CHIKV, MAYV, and <i>Zika virus</i> (ZIKV) in Vero cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay, and antiviral activity was quantified through median effective concentration (EC₅₀) and selectivity index (SI) values. Time-dependent cytopathic effect inhibition, plaque reduction assays, virucidal assays and docking were performed to characterize the mechanism of action. Three compounds (<b>D3</b>, <b>D7</b>, and <b>E7</b>) exhibited selective antiviral activity. Notably, compound <b>D7</b> demonstrated low-micromolar anti-MAYV inhibition (EC₅₀ = 14.43 μM; SI &gt; 16.6), surpassing ribavirin by more than thirty-fold in relative potency. Time-dependent assays revealed progressive viral titer reductions of up to 3 log₁₀ PFU/mL over 48 h. Virucidal assays confirmed that <b>D7</b> does not directly inactivate viral particles. These findings identify <b>D7</b> as a promising antiviral lead compound and provide a foundation for further mechanistic, optimization, and in vivo studies aimed at developing anti-alphavirus therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses From Serotype-Switched Viral-Vectored Ebola Vaccines","authors":"Joshua Wiggins,&nbsp;Adthakorn Madapong,&nbsp;Eric Weaver","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ebola virus is a highly virulent pathogen causing severe hemorrhagic fever with 25%–90% mortality. The 2014 outbreak infected over 28,000 people, causing 11,325 deaths. Although there is one FDA-approved vaccine available for limited use, additional vaccines are needed. We developed adenoviral-vectored vaccines expressing the ebolavirus glycoprotein (GP), the sole viral surface protein and primary immunogen. Vaccine constructs spanned three species and five human adenovirus subtypes, including low-seroprevalent serotypes to minimize pre-existing immunity. We compared single-dose and prime-boost regimens, intramuscular versus needle-free intranasal delivery, and serotype-switching strategies. Immunogenicity was assessed by quantifying GP-specific antibodies and T cell responses in BALB/c mice. Species C vectors (Ad5 and Ad6) elicited strong antibody responses and promoted rapid class switching to IgG compared to species B and D vectors. Serotype-switched regimens further enhanced antibody levels via intramuscular or intranasal routes and generated robust T cell responses when delivered intramuscularly. Intranasal vaccination induced detectable IgA but no measurable T cell responses, indicating route-dependent immune compartmentalization. Sera partially inhibited viral entry in a dose-dependent manner, with the greatest reduction observed in the Ad5/Ad6 regimen. Collectively, adenoviral species selection, serotype switching, and route of administration significantly influence GP-specific immunity and warrant further evaluation in protective challenge models.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AOH1996 Induces Mitotic Catastrophe and DNA Damage to Drive Cytotoxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Nicholas Rohlfes,&nbsp;Nicholas A. Wallace","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71160","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) remain a significant clinical challenge due to treatment resistance and therapy-associated toxicity. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of AOH1996, a first-in-class small molecule that targets a cancer-associated isoform of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (caPCNA). Across HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC models, AOH1996 induces robust cytotoxicity associated with mitotic arrest, multipolar mitosis, failed cytokinesis, cell–cell fusion, and DNA damage. Live-cell imaging reveals widespread mitotic catastrophe with limited successful mitotic progression. Notably, AOH1996 sensitivity correlates with c-Myc abundance, suggesting a potential biomarker of response. In vivo, AOH1996 suppresses tumor growth with minimal toxicity in xenograft models. Together, these findings establish AOH1996 as a promising therapeutic candidate that disrupts mitotic fidelity and induces cancer-selective cytotoxicity in HNSCC.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Diversity of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Southeastern Brazil: Implications for Cervical Cancer Screening","authors":"Débora De'nadai Dalvi,&nbsp;Ana Maria Gonçalves Cruz,&nbsp;Priscilla Santos de Oliveira Rocha,&nbsp;Emarillene Rosa dos Passos Segantine,&nbsp;Danielle Grillo,&nbsp;Jaqueline Pegoretti Goulart,&nbsp;Angélica Espinosa Miranda,&nbsp;Rodrigo Ribeiro-Rodrigues","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71140","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cervical cancer remains a major public health challenge in Brazil. A molecular testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) was incorporated into the national screening program, current strategies prioritize HPV-16 and HPV-18, potentially overlooking other high-risk genotypes circulating regionally. This cross-sectional study evaluated HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among 8073 women in routine cervical screening and a separately recruited research cohort of sexually active women aged 15–25 years in 25 municipalities in southern Espírito Santo, Brazil, from September 2024 to September 2025. Cervicovaginal samples were tested using the Allplex HPV28 real-time quantitative PCR assay, which detects 28 HPV genotypes. Sociodemographic and behavioral data were collected via standardized questionnaires and vaccination status was verified for women aged 15–25 years using official records. Associations were analyzed using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall HPV prevalence was 27.9%, increasing to 57.0% among those aged 15–25 years. Carcinogenic genotypes comprised 43.4% of infections. The most prevalent relevant genotypes were HPV-53 (3.6%), HPV-68 (3.1%), HPV-52 (2.9%), HPV-16 (2.9%), and HPV-58 (2.3%). Multiple carcinogenic/probable or possible carcinogenic infections occurred in 48.5% of HPV-positive cases, with HPV-52, HPV-53, and HPV-68 forming a central coinfection cluster. Among women aged 15–25 years, 30.4% were vaccinated; no vaccine-covered genotypes were detected in vaccinated women, compared with 6.4% in unvaccinated women (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.009–3.08; <i>p</i> = 0.18). Non-16/18 genotypes predominate in this population, but the two most prevalent (HPV-53 and HPV-68) carry comparatively low attributable risk for invasive cervical cancer under current global classifications, whereas genotypes with established high carcinogenic potential (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58) accounted for only 31.5% of detected infections. These findings support continued regional genotype surveillance and vaccine-impact monitoring but, in the absence of histological or invasive-cancer outcome data from this population, do not by themselves justify changes to screening panels or vaccine composition based on prevalence alone.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronized Detection of Adenovirus F41 in Wastewater and Fecal Samples Confirms a Small Outbreak in Santiago, Chile","authors":"Diego Saavedra-Benítez,&nbsp;Manuel Ampuero,&nbsp;Aldo Gaggero,&nbsp;Jonás Chnaiderman","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71148","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted systematic surveillance of circulating viruses in two cities in Chile through regular wastewater analysis between 2018 and 2021. Samples were concentrated, nucleic acids were extracted, and the samples were analyzed by massive sequencing. After bioinformatic processing, we detected a significant number of Adenovirus F41 genomes in samples collected during a specific period (January–March 2020), particularly in treatment plants from Santiago de Chile. To confirm whether the virus was circulating in the city during that period, we analyzed stool pools collected at one of the city's main pediatric hospitals. We detected Adenovirus F41 sequences only in the same period as in wastewater. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus detected in wastewater and stool samples was almost identical and classified as Lineage 2B. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of wastewater surveillance for detecting enteric viruses in the community, shed light on the efficiency of treatment processes, and revealed a small outbreak of a virus strain previously reported in Europe.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optineurin Restricts ZIKV Replication Through Promoting IFN-Mediated JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway","authors":"Yike Huang,&nbsp;Haiyan Ye,&nbsp;Mingshuang Lai,&nbsp;He Xie,&nbsp;Jujun Sun,&nbsp;Limin Chen","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71152","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Optineurin (OPTN) is a multifunctional adapter protein involved in several inflammatory and anti-viral signaling pathways. However, its role in Zika virus (ZIKV) infection remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of OPTN on ZIKV replication and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Differential expressions of OPTN during ZIKV infection were analyzed in both A549 and U251-MG cells. OPTN was overexpressed using an EGFP-OPTN plasmid, with an empty EGFP-N1 vector as a control. ZIKV NS5 mRNA and NS1 protein levels were quantified in A549 cells following ZIKV infection by qRT–PCR and Western blotting, respectively, while ZIKV capsid protein expression in U251-MG cells was assessed by immunofluorescence. The expression of type I interferons (IFNs), components of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were examined following OPTN overexpression during ZIKV infection. Interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) activity was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. And P-STAT1 was assessed by Western blotting. OPTN mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in both A549 and U251-MG cells in a dose-dependent manner following ZIKV infection. Overexpression of OPTN markedly inhibited ZIKV replication in both cell lines. Mechanistically, OPTN enhanced antiviral activity by inducing type I IFN expression, promoting STAT1 phosphorylation, and increasing ISRE activity. In addition, OPTN upregulated several antiviral ISGs, including MxA, IFIT1, and viperin. These findings identify OPTN as a critical host restricting factor to suppress ZIKV replication by promoting type I IFN-mediated JAK/STAT signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}