Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Reply to the Commentary of Alidjinou EK","authors":"Kristen Andreatta, Christian Callebaut","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral Loads of Pneumoviruses: Correlation With Coinfection Rates and Disease Severity","authors":"Sarah Talah,&nbsp;Julie Carbonneau,&nbsp;Marie-Eve Hamelin,&nbsp;Rodica Gilca,&nbsp;Guy Boivin","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We looked at the interactions between viral loads, coinfection rates and disease severity for children infected with two pneumoviruses: human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The HMPV RNA load in nasopharyngeal swabs of hospitalized children was significantly higher in mono-infections compared to coinfections but this was not the case for RSV, which could be explained by different innate immune responses. Also, the viral load of neither of the two viruses was associated with disease severity although RSV-infected children had higher severity scores than HMPV-infected children.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2024 Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 as a Global Obstetrical Threat Insights From an Obstetrics Referral Center in Northern Italy","authors":"Beatrice Tassis,&nbsp;Lea Testa,&nbsp;Fulvia Pampo,&nbsp;Simona Boito,&nbsp;Giulia Tiso,&nbsp;Veronica Accurti,&nbsp;Irene Cetin,&nbsp;Nicola Persico","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A significant increase in Parvovirus B 19 (B19V) infections has been reported in the last months in some European countries. This outbreak could be highly detrimental for pregnant women, considering the capacity of the virus to harm the fetus. However, the magnitude and spread of this outbreak is yet unclear. Evidence from other areas is required and there is the need to focus more on the impact on pregnancy. To this aim, pregnant women with B19V infection who were managed in a referral hospital located in Milan, Northern Italy were reviewed. The primary aim was comparing the number of ascertained cases of B19V infection in the period January–July 2024 to the number of cases recorded in the previous 9 years (2015–2023). Overall, the number of B19V infections markedly increased in the first 7 months of 2024. Until 2023, the number of cases per year were below 7, with no cases reported in 2020–2022, while in the period January-July 2024, the number raised to 59 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Maternal characteristics and fetal outcomes before and after January 2024 did not differ. In conclusion, Italy is also involved in the ongoing outbreak of B19V infection and pregnant women are exposed to this threat.</p><p><b>Synopsis:</b></p><p>An outbreak of Parvovirus B19 infections is currently ongoing in Italian pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Genotypes and Reassortants of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Co-Circulating in Hangzhou in Southeastern China, 2013–2023","authors":"Yanping Wen,&nbsp;Zhimin Ni,&nbsp;Yan Hu,&nbsp;Jun Wu,&nbsp;Yezhen Fang,&nbsp;Guozhong Zhang,&nbsp;Renjie Huang,&nbsp;Shi Cheng,&nbsp;Feifei Cao,&nbsp;Qihao Xu,&nbsp;Yue Yu,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Hongnv Yu,&nbsp;Liangliang Huo,&nbsp;Jun Li","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), is becoming a significant public health threat due to its high mortality rate. Knowledge of SFTSV in southeastern coastal China is limited. The whole genomes of 66 SFTSV strains collected from 2013 to 2023 in Hangzhou, a coastal city in China, were amplified and sequenced to elucidate the geography-related genetic and pathogenic diversity. Hangzhou SFTSVs could be classified into five pure genotype groups (A, B-2, D, E, and F); genotype A was dominant, and genotype E was significantly associated with SFTS fatality. An unclassified sublineage of the L segment was proposed as a novel B-4 subgenotype. Seven types of genetic reassortants (abbreviated as B-3B-3B-1, CCA, B-2AB-2, B-2CB-2, DFD, B-4FF, and B-4B-2B-1 for the L, M, and S segments) were identified, including three novel forms. Six recombination events and ten amino acid substitutions were identified in the Hangzhou viruses. Collectively, our results demonstrated that all known SFTSV genotypes co-circulated in Hangzhou, leading to a gradual increase in genetic diversity and the generation of novel reassortants. Increased surveillance is urgently needed in Hangzhou, a critical region for SFTSV genetic exchange.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Hepatitis Related to Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3f Infection in Brazil","authors":"Leidiane B. Ribeiro,&nbsp;Luciana A. Reche,&nbsp;Ana C. de Seixas Santos Nastri,&nbsp;Fernanda de Mello Malta,&nbsp;Deyvid E. Amgarten,&nbsp;Luciana V. B. Casadio,&nbsp;Mario P. Gonzalez,&nbsp;Suzane K. Ono,&nbsp;Maria C. Mendes-Correa,&nbsp;Flair J. Carrilho,&nbsp;João R. R. Pinho,&nbsp;Michele S. Gomes-Gouvêa","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important causative agent of acute hepatitis (AH). Despite reports of human infection in Brazil, the investigation is not routinely conducted, even in cases of elevated liver enzymes. This study evaluated two groups: group 1—patients with acute hepatitis A (<i>n</i> = 44); group 2—patients with nonA-C AH (<i>n</i> = 47). They were tested by enzyme immunoassay for anti-HEV IgM/IgG and real-time PCR for HEV RNA detection. The positive sample for HEV RNA was submitted for sequencing. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgM and IgG in group 1 was 4% (2/44) and 14.5% (7/44), respectively. Viral RNA was not detected in any sample. In group 2, the anti-HEV IgM positivity was 4.3% (2/47), and IgG 14.9% (7/47). RNA was detectable in one case, which presented a viral load of 222.4 IU/μL and positive anti-HEV IgM/IgG. In the phylogenetic analysis, the genotype identified was HEV-3f. These results indicate that HEV infection should be considered a possible diagnosis in cases of non-A–C AH. The patient identified with acute hepatitis E had recently traveled to the Northeast region of Brazil (Garanhuns city in Pernambuco state), where there are reports of high HEV seroprevalence among pigs. The close phylogenetic relationship observed between the sequence characterized in this study and strains isolated from pigs in nearby cities where the patient went suggested a possible zoonotic transmission in this region. This study highlights the importance of expanding studies and improving surveillance to understand better and manage HEV infections nationwide.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory B Cells Provide Long-Term Protection to Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants","authors":"Maxime Espi,&nbsp;Xavier Charmetant,&nbsp;Ilies Benotmane,&nbsp;Katia Lefsihane,&nbsp;Véronique Barateau,&nbsp;Floriane Gallais,&nbsp;Hafsa Boulenouar,&nbsp;Anne Ovize,&nbsp;Alexia Barbry,&nbsp;Christine Bouz,&nbsp;Emmanuel Morelon,&nbsp;Thierry Defrance,&nbsp;Samira Fafi-Kremer,&nbsp;Sophie Caillard,&nbsp;Olivier Thaunat","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are highly vulnerable to COVID-19. An intensified scheme of vaccination offers short-term protection to the 50%–75% of KTRs able to develop a germinal center reaction, required for the generation of neutralizing titers of antibodies (NAbs). However, the duration of this vaccinal protection is unknown. In-depth longitudinal analysis of the immune response to vaccination of 33 KTRs demonstrates that the low peak of IgGs, the progressive decline in antibody titers, and the emergence of a variant of concerns (VOC) of SARS-CoV2, synergize to let 2/3 of responders to vaccine without NAbs after only a few months. Yet, a retrospective study of an independent cohort of 274 KTRs, revealed that the risk of severe COVID-19 in the latter was low, similar to that of patients with serum neutralizing capacity against VOC. Our work links this late vaccine protection with the presence of memory B cells, which are generated during the initial vaccine-induced germinal center reaction, have a wide repertoire directed against conserved spike epitopes, and rapidly differentiate into IgG-producing plasma cells upon antigenic rechallenge. We conclude that in contrast with a serological layer that goes fading rapidly, the cellular layer of humoral memory provides an efficient long-term protection against VOC to KTRs. This illustration of the complementary roles of the two layers of the humoral memory has implications in immunopathology beyond the COVID-19 in KTRs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Intertypic Recombinant Coxsackievirus A2 Containing Specific Amino Acid Mutations in the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Potentially Associated With Its Emergence","authors":"Zhenfeng Xie,&nbsp;Pattara Khamrin,&nbsp;Niwat Maneekarn,&nbsp;Kattareeya Kumthip","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coxsackievirus A2 (CVA2), a member of enterovirus A species (EV-A), is associated with diverse human diseases and occasionally causes acute gastroenteritis (AGE). In Thailand, CVA2 emerged as the predominant genotype in 2019. The increasing incidence of CVA2, coupled with the limited availability of full-length genomes, highlights the need for more complete genome sequence analysis to facilitate molecular epidemiology study. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology, evolutionary dynamics, and recombination characteristics of CVA2 associated with AGE in Thailand from 2013 to 2022. A total of 19 full-genome sequences of CVA2 isolated from stool samples of AGE patients in Thailand were characterized and analyzed together with the reference sequences available in the GenBank database. A novel lineage of CVA2 (subgenotype C5) was detected with the potential recombination with CVA10 within the P2 and P3 regions. Specific consensus amino acid mutations, A61S in the VP3 gene and R136K in the 3D (RdRp) gene, were identified in all CVA2 recombinant strains. Additionally, the S45G mutation in the RdRp gene was found to be potentially associated with the emergence of CVA2 infection in 2019. In conclusion, this study reveals potential intertypic recombinant events and specific mutations in CVA2 strains isolated from AGE patients and provides a broader understanding of its evolutionary epidemiology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HLA-B*15 Is Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Brazilian Population","authors":"João V. Facco,&nbsp;Marcelo Addas-Carvalho,&nbsp;Adriana da Silva Santos Duarte,&nbsp;Audrey B. Zangirolami,&nbsp;Bruno D. Benites,&nbsp;Sara T. O. Saad","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in class I genes of the major histocompatibility complex, specifically the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. To explore this, 135 individuals with positive serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 were recruited. All the samples were collected before the advent of vaccines, avoiding immunization effects. Participants were divided into high and low neutralizing antibody titer groups, and polymorphisms in HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 genes were examined using PCR-SSO. Allele prevalence in the study population was compared to the National Bone Marrow Volunteer Donors Register (REDOME) in São Paulo and between the high and low titer groups within the study population. Results indicated that the HLA-B*15 polymorphism was more prevalent in the COVID-19 positive group compared to the control population (COVID-19 = 0.1370; Control = 0.0875; <i>p</i> = 0.0067). The HLA-B*18 polymorphism was less prevalent in the COVID-19 group (COVID-19 = 0.0185; Control = 0.0534; <i>p</i> = 0.0064). Additionally, the HLA-A*30 polymorphism was more prevalent in the high titer group within the (high = 0.10937; low = 0.02816; <i>p</i> = 0.0125). Other polymorphisms showed no significant differences. These findings align with international studies, suggesting these genes plays a role in COVID-19 pathophysiology, however, further research is required to fully understand their impact.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EZH2 Activates HTLV-1 bZIP Factor-Mediated TGF-β Signaling in Adult T-Cell Leukemia","authors":"Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Kaining Yi,&nbsp;Bingbing Wang,&nbsp;Kaifei Chu,&nbsp;Jie Liu,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaqi Fang,&nbsp;Tiejun Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been implicated in the development and progression of multiple cancers, including virus-induced malignancies. However, the potential function of EZH2 in HTLV-1-induced oncogenesis has not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we showed that EZH2 was overexpressed and activated in HTLV-1-infected cell lines, potentially due to the activation of EZH2 promoter by HTLV-1 Tax and NF-κB p65 subunit. In addition, we found that EZH2 enhanced the HBZ-induced activation of TGF-β signaling in a histone methyltransferase-independent manner. As a mechanism for these actions, we found that EZH2 targeted Smad3/Smad4 to form a ternary complex, and the association between Smad3 and Smad4 was markedly enhanced in the presence of EZH2. Knockdown of EZH2 in ATL cells indeed repressed the expressions of the TGF-β target genes. In particular, EZH2 synergistically enhanced the HBZ/TGF-β-induced Foxp3 expression. Treatment of 3-Deazaneplanocin A, a specific inhibitor of EZH2 significantly inhibited the Foxp3 expression. Taken together, our results suggest that EZH2 may be involved in the differentiation of regulatory T cells through activating the HBZ-Smad3-TGF-β signaling axis, which is considered to be a key strategy for viral persistence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Immune-Inflammation-Based Biomarker and Fragility Fractures in People Living With HIV: A 10-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study in China","authors":"Bo Liu,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fragility fractures are a significant concern among people living with HIV(PLWH) due to the combined effects of chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and antiretroviral therapy. Traditional biomarkers have limited predictive value for fragility fractures in this population. This study aims to evaluate the systemic immune inflammation-based scores as novel biomarkers for predicting fragility fractures in PLWH in China. We conducted a cohort study of PLWH in the orthopedic department of Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 2011 to September 2023. We monitored fragility fractures and collected data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory parameters. Multivariate Cox and logistic regression models were used to assess the predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) for fragility fractures. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to explore potential nonlinear relationships, and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the stability of these associations. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, our study included 1148 PLWH patients, and 204 patients (17.8%) experienced fragility fractures. After adjusting for all covariates, SII and SIRI were identified as independent risk factors for fragility fractures in PLWH, whereas NLR, PLR, and MLR were not. Patients with higher levels of SII and SIRI had a significantly increased risk of fragility fractures compared to those with lower levels (HR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.24–3.10, <i>p</i> = 0.004; HR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.16–2.88, <i>p</i> = 0.009). RCS analysis indicated a stable linear relationship between SIRI and fragility fractures. Furthermore, KM curves demonstrated that patients with higher SII and SIRI scores had a higher likelihood of experiencing fragility fractures. Our research shows that SII and SIRI are promising biomarkers for predicting fragility fractures in PLWH. Clinicians should consider incorporating SIRI into clinical practice to improve fracture risk stratification and guide preventive strategies for this vulnerable population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}