Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Spatial Transcriptomics and Single Cell-RNASeq Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 in Lung Tissues and Global Mutational Patterns in COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Seyed Taleb Hosseini,&nbsp;Mohammadamin Mahmanzar,&nbsp;Karim Rahimian,&nbsp;Saleha Bayat,&nbsp;Amir Gholamzad,&nbsp;Mahsa Mollapour Sisakht,&nbsp;Amin Farhadi,&nbsp;Donna Lee Kuehu,&nbsp;Youping Deng","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70586","url":null,"abstract":"<p>RNA viruses have high mutation frequency, quick generation periods and vast population numbers, which promote fast evolution and host environment adaptation. We integrated scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics to profile immune cells and viral gene expression in COVID-19. Cell types and interactions were identified using Seurat-based tools. Spatial transcriptomics analysis revealed viral hotspots, and GISAID data were used to track SARS-CoV-2 mutations. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics analyses revealed that immune cells such as Neutrophils, Monocyte:CD14 + , and T cell:CD4+ central memory are highly abundant in COVID-19 patients, particularly in mild and severe cases, and are concentrated in the central and upper regions of lung tissue. Pseudotime and CellChat analyses indicated that cell differentiation trajectories and communication networks shift toward heightened inflammatory responses in severe conditions. Spatial analysis of viral gene expression showed that SARS-CoV-2 genes, especially Nucleoprotein, Spike and Envelope were highly expressed in central and upper-right tissue regions, suggesting active viral replication. This localized viral activity was strongly associated with areas of immune cell infiltration and inflammation. The top 10 sustainable mutants in SARS-CoV-2 genome with high frequency were observed in NSP12 (P323L, 99%, Switzerland), Spike (D614G, 97%, Switzerland), NSP4 (T492I, 79%, Switzerland), NSP6 (T77A, 70%, Guangdong), Orf9c (G50N, 64%, England), Nucleoprotein (D377Y, 62%, United States), Orf9b (T60A, 61%, France), NSP14 (I42V, 55%, United States), Envelope (T9I, 51.3%, Trinidad and Tobago), and NSP5 (P132H, 51.2%, United States). Following to this approach is crucial for a strong epidemiological reaction against the changing SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Blood Donors","authors":"Eylül Beren Tanık,&nbsp;Ayfer Bakır,&nbsp;Betül Yüzügüldü,&nbsp;Gizem Korkut,&nbsp;Muhammed Furkan Kürkçü,&nbsp;İlknur Öztürk Ünsal","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70593","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) positivity rates vary across regions. The rates are higher in immunosuppressed patients. There is a potential association between HHV-8 and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of HHV-8 infection in type 2 diabetes patients and healthy blood donors, and to investigate whether the presence of the infection could be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. In this cross-sectional study, 90 type 2 diabetes patients and 180 healthy blood donors were included between July and October 2024 at Ankara Etlik City Hospital. HHV-8 IgG seroprevalence was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and HHV-8 DNA was detected via real-time polymerase chain reaction. HHV-8 seropositivity was detected in 7.8% of type 2 diabetes patients and 6.1% of blood donors, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.605). The odds ratio of HHV-8 infection in the type 2 diabetes group compared to the blood donor group was 1.29 (95% CI: 0.48–3.46, <i>p</i> = 0.605), indicating no significant association between HHV-8 and diabetes. No HHV-8 DNA was detected in any participant. Seropositivity was most prevalent in the 51–65 age group among diabetic patients and in the 31–40 age group among blood donors. There was no significant correlation between HHV-8 seropositivity and diabetes duration, sex, or age. HHV-8 seroprevalence was similar in type 2 diabetes patients and blood donors, suggesting no significant association between HHV-8 infection and diabetes. However, due to regional differences, methodological variations, and limited sample size, further large-scale, multicenter studies with long-term follow-up are necessary to clarify the potential role of HHV-8 in type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of the CCR5Δ32 Variant in Haematopoietic Progenitor Cell Donors From Argentina: Implications for Transplantation in HIV-1 Infected Patients","authors":"Pablo Galarza,&nbsp;Laura Aguerre,&nbsp;Demian Procopio,&nbsp;Daniela Hansen Krogh,&nbsp;Gabriela Hidalgo,&nbsp;Carlos A. Soratti,&nbsp;Richard Malan,&nbsp;Cecilia María Delfino","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70591","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The genetic variant CCR5Δ32 is mostly represented in European populations and has been studied for its protective effect against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The Berlin patient and others have received a haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant from CCR5Δ32/Δ32-HLA compatible donors and are considered cured for HIV. Several studies emphasize the need to seek donors with this condition in the HSC registries. The frequency of the CCR5Δ32 allele is unknown in Argentina. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the CCR5Δ32 allele and genotype in donors registered in the National Registry of HSC-INCUCAI-Argentina, and to evaluate possible implications in transplantation of HIV patients. A total of 238 874 blood samples were analyzed molecularly for CCR5Δ32/HLA. In the population, we report a frequency of 5.46% for CCR5Δ32 and 10.38% and 0.27% in the CCR5Δ32/WT and CCR5Δ32/Δ32, respectively. The genotypes registered some differences at the national level and depending on the donor's ancestry. In addition, a homogeneous distribution of HLA alleles was identified between carriers and non-carriers of CCR5Δ32. We report the allelic and genotypic frequencies of CCR5Δ32 in Argentina, and its distribution, considering search strategies for CCR5Δ32/Δ32 donors that provide a transplant alternative to patients infected with HIV.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Myopathy Mimicking Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Diagnostic Pitfall, Differentiating Features, and Clinical Impact Revealed in the 10-year Case Series","authors":"Zihang Chen,&nbsp;Du He,&nbsp;Hua Zhao,&nbsp;Pujun Guan,&nbsp;Qiqi Zhu,&nbsp;Wenyan Zhang,&nbsp;Weiping Liu,&nbsp;Sha Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70587","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systemic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease (sCAEBVD) can primarily involve skeletal muscle to form CAEBV-myopathy (CAEBV-M), which may resemble idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). This study reports an 11-patient, 10-year cohort of CAEBV-M to summarize clinicoseropathologic features. CAEBV-M typically affects young adults (median: 29 years), with universal limb swelling, frequent disseminated muscle involvement (73%), and systemic symptoms like fever (82%), splenomegaly (82%), and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (55%). Heliotrope-like rash and myositis-specific antibodies each occurred in 18%. Histology showed endomysial (82%) and perimysial (91%) lymphoid infiltration in an angiocentric pattern (82%), with NK-cell component in 64%. EBER-ISH-positive cells varied in muscle samples but were more abundant in skin lesions. Median survival was 6.6 months. Compared to IIMs, CAEBV-M affects younger patients, has more systemic symptoms, positive plasma EBV-DNA, angiocentric histology, and EBER-ISH positivity. These features provide practical diagnostic clues. Clinicians should consider testing for EBV-DNA and EBER-ISH in patients with atypical myositis presentations to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate immunosuppressive therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral Therapy Reduces Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Hepatitis B: TDF as the Most Effective Agent","authors":"Hyuk Kim,&nbsp;Jae-Young Kim,&nbsp;Hyun Bin Choi,&nbsp;Ji-Soo Lee,&nbsp;Yoon E. Shin,&nbsp;Jeong-Ju Yoo,&nbsp;Sang Gyune Kim,&nbsp;Young-Seok Kim","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70584","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) requires long-term antiviral therapy, but its broader effects on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes remain underexplored. This nationwide retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the impact of antiviral therapy on dyslipidemia and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in CHB patients. Using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, we identified 441 191 patients, of whom 48 606 received antiviral treatment and were matched 1:1 with untreated controls by propensity score. Antiviral therapy was associated with significantly lower incidence rates of both dyslipidemia (14.63 vs. 18.20 per 100 000 person-years; IRR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.76–0.85) and MACE (2.15 vs. 3.08 per 100 000 person-years; IRR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67–0.91). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) showed the strongest protective effects against both outcomes, with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.52 for dyslipidemia and 0.58 for MACE. Stratified analysis revealed that the protective effects of antiviral therapy against dyslipidemia and MACE were primarily observed in nondiabetic patients, while only a nonsignificant trend toward risk reduction was noted in diabetic patients. These findings suggest that antiviral therapy, particularly TDF, provides extrahepatic benefits, supporting its role in the long-term management of CHB beyond virologic suppression.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Modeling Antibody Kinetics Post-mRNA Booster Vaccination and Protection Durations Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70590","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ponce, L. J., Wang, Y., Singh, A., Chua, H. K., Chen, M., Hor, P. X., Loh, C.Y., Poh, X. Y., Rao, S., Chia, P. Y., Ong, S. W. X., Lee, T. H., Lin, R. J. H., Lim, C., Teo, J., Goh, Y. S., Ejima, K., on behalf of the NCID Study Group and on behalf of the COVID-19 Cohort Study Group (2025), “Modeling Antibody Kinetics Post-mRNA Booster Vaccination and Protection Durations Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.” <i>Journal of Medical Virology</i> 97: e70521. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70521</p><p>In the originally published article, five authors were inadvertently omitted from the author list, and the author order was also incorrect. Additionally, one affiliation was missing.</p><p>The correct author list and affiliations are as follows:</p><p>Luis J Ponce^1,$, Yuqian Wang^1,$, Ananya Singh^1,$, Hoong Kai Chua², Marc Chen¹, Pei Xiang Hor³, Chiew Yee Loh³, Xuan Ying Poh⁴, Suma Rao^4,5, Po Ying Chia^1,4,5, Sean WX Ong^4,5, Tau Hong Lee^4,5,6, Ray JH Lin^4,5, Clarissa Lim⁴, Jefanie Teo⁴, NCID study group⁴, COVID-19 cohort study group³, <b>David Chien Lye</b>^{<b>1,4,5,7</b>}, <b>Barnaby E Young</b>^<b>1,4,5</b>, <b>Siew-Wai Fong</b>^<b>3</b>, <b>Lisa FP Ng</b>^<b>3,7</b>, <b>Laurent Renia</b>^1,2,3, Yun Shan Goh^3,*, Keisuke Ejima^1,4,*</p><p><b>Affiliations</b></p><p>¹Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.</p><p>²School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.</p><p>³A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.</p><p>⁴National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), Singapore, Singapore.</p><p>⁵Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</p><p>⁶National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore.</p><p>^<b>7</b><b>Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.</b></p><p>We apologize for the error.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ablations of Human and Murine TNK2/ACK1 Proteins Do Not Alter Influenza A Virus Infections In Vitro or In Vivo","authors":"Sisi Liu,&nbsp;Yiqun Fang,&nbsp;Lingyu Li,&nbsp;Jingwen Huo,&nbsp;Binyi Liu,&nbsp;Jianhao Wang,&nbsp;Jimin Xu,&nbsp;Fangzhou Song,&nbsp;Haiyu Li,&nbsp;Hongbing Jiang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70592","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tyrosine kinase non-receptor2 (TNK2) is a host protein involved in vesicular trafficking, cell spreading, migration, survival, and proliferation. TNK2 has been identified as a conserved host factor for the entry of several non-enveloped RNA viruses, such as Orsay virus in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and multiple picornaviruses in cells and mice. Although TNK2 was reported as required for influenza A virus infection in a genome-wide CRISPR screen, its role remains contentious as it was not identified in other screens. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated TNK2's function in IAV infection using in vitro and in vivo models. RNAi knockdown and CRISPR knockout of <i>TNK2</i> in multiple cells showed no significant reduction in IAV infection. Similarly, primary lung fibroblasts and bone marrow–derived macrophages from <i>Tnk2</i>^<i>-/-</i> mice exhibited comparable infection to those from <i>Tnk2</i>^<i>+/+</i> mice. Moreover, <i>Tnk2</i>^<i>-/-</i> mice exhibited no differences in weight loss, survival, lung pathology, or viral load compared to those of <i>Tnk2</i>^<i>+/+</i> mice after IAV infection. Furthermore, the expression of interferon-β and interferon-stimulated genes were not significantly altered in <i>Tnk2</i>^<i>-/-</i> mice compared to that of <i>Tnk2</i>^<i>+/+</i> mice. Together, these results indicate that TNK2 is not a dominant host factor for IAV infection, suggesting it may not be a viable therapeutic target.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-1 RNA in Large and Small Plasma Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Parameter for Monitoring Immune Activation and Virological Failure","authors":"Julien Boucher,&nbsp;Wilfried Wenceslas Bazié,&nbsp;Benjamin Goyer,&nbsp;Michel Alary,&nbsp;Caroline Gilbert","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70574","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication in most people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). However, PLWH remain at risk of viral rebound. HIV-1 infection modifies the content of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The changes in microRNA content in EVs are biomarkers of immune activation and viral replication in PLWH. Moreover, viral molecules are enclosed in EVs produced from infected cells. Our objective was to assess the value of EV-associated HIV-1 RNA as a biomarker of immune activation and viral replication in PLWH. Plasma samples were obtained from a cohort of 53 PLWH with a detectable viremia. Large and small EVs were respectively purified by plasma centrifugation at 17 000<i>g</i> and by precipitation with ExoQuick. HIV-1 RNA and microRNAs were quantified in the EV subtypes by RT-qPCR. HIV-1 RNA content was higher in large EVs of ART-naive PLWH. Small EVs HIV-1 RNA was equivalent in ART-naive and ART-treated PLWH and positively correlated with the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio. In ART-naive PLWH, HIV-1 RNA content of large EVs correlated with small EV-associated miR-29a, miR-146a, and miR-155, biomarkers of viral replication and immune activation. A receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that HIV-1 RNA in large EVs discriminated PLWH with a high CD8 T cell count. HIV-1 RNA in large EVs was associated with viral replication and immune activation biomarkers. Inversely, HIV-1 RNA in small EVs was related to immune restoration. Overall, these results suggest that HIV-1 RNA quantification in purified EVs could be a useful parameter to monitor HIV-1 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70574","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Coronavirus-Induced Immunological Imprinting and Previous Herpesvirus Infections in Patients With Long COVID","authors":"W. Ashwin Mak,&nbsp;Daphne Wapperom,&nbsp;Anne-Lotte Redel,&nbsp;Johannes G. M. Koeleman,&nbsp;Pieter W. Smit,&nbsp;Wai-Kwan Lam-Tse,&nbsp;Tom van der Poll,&nbsp;Hung-Jen Chen,&nbsp;Jeroen den Dunnen,&nbsp;Gert-Jan Braunstahl,&nbsp;David S. Y. Ong","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70582","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Long COVID (LC) is a post-acute infection syndrome affecting 5%–10% of individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we aimed to study SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity, immunological imprinting by endemic coronaviruses, and previous herpesvirus infections in LC. We included 47 LC patients and 41 controls who fully recovered from COVID-19. We assessed IgG, IgA, and IgM antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2, seasonal coronaviruses, and herpesviruses using ELISAs and Microblot-Array panels. Additionally, we performed PCR to detect viral RNA/DNA and evaluated anti-nuclear autoantibodies linked to systemic autoimmune conditions. LC patients showed significantly reduced levels of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG and IgA but increased levels of endemic coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 anti-spike IgG, suggesting immunological imprinting potentially driven by these coronaviruses. Furthermore, LC patients had higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgM compared to anti-Spike IgG, possibly indicating impaired class switching. Interestingly, cytomegalovirus (CMV) p65 IgG levels were lower in LC patients and negatively correlated with fatigue severity. This study highlights immunological imprinting by seasonal coronaviruses and impaired antibody class switching as potential causes of SARS-CoV-2 immune escape and persistence in LC patients. Furthermore, our findings suggest an inverse association between CMV p65 IgG and fatigue severity in LC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.70582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell Profiling of Peripheral and Intrahepatic B Cells Reveals Altered Responses and a CCR7⁺ Subset Linked to Antiviral Potential in Chronic HBV Infection","authors":"Shihong Zhong,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Zeng,&nbsp;Zihan Jin,&nbsp;Lingtao Zhang,&nbsp;Guofu Ye,&nbsp;Weiying He,&nbsp;Jianru Sun,&nbsp;Liping Wang,&nbsp;Linnan Song,&nbsp;Jianzhong Cai,&nbsp;Yiyan Huang,&nbsp;Jiayue Yang,&nbsp;Yaoting Feng,&nbsp;Liangxing Chen,&nbsp;Libo Tang,&nbsp;Yuhao Wang,&nbsp;Yongyin Li","doi":"10.1002/jmv.70572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70572","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>B cell is a crucial component of adaptive immunity that plays a paramount role in the progression and prognosis of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, detailed and systematic overviews of B cells are lacking, hindering their clinical applications in fighting against HBV. This study aims to provide a landscape of B cell responses in the context of chronic HBV infection. The phenotype, function, and transcriptome features of the peripheral and intrahepatic B cells in cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts of patients with chronic HBV infection were characterized using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis coupled with flow cytometry. B cells displayed varying degrees of altered function at different natural stages of chronic HBV infection, as evidenced by their inhibitory phenotype, reduced B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, resulting in decreased production of antiviral cytokines, attenuated differentiation into memory B cells, weakened interactions with T cells. Additionally, in patients with chronic HBV infection, intrahepatic B cells exhibited augmented BCR signaling, cytokine secretion, differentiation, and intensified interactions with other immune cells, compared to their peripheral counterparts. It is noteworthy that CCR7⁺ B cells, characterized by high expression of activation markers and IL-6, exhibited enhanced survival capacity and were elevated in treatment-responsive patients. Our study provides a detailed insight into the B cell response in chronic HBV infection and highlights the potential clinical application of CCR7-expressing B cell-oriented anti-HBV therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}