Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure最新文献

{"title":"\"Ayoub-Shklar\" as a Special Stain for Keratin: A Histopathological Study.","authors":"Raman Dineja, Harikrishnan Prasad, KenniyanKumar Sri Chinthu, Muthusamy Rajmohan","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_34_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_34_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Special stains in histopathological studies are used to identify the structures with different dyes apart from the routine stain hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E). The component which is present in the special stains will have a specific bond and affinity for particular tissue components in the histological specimen. Structures like keratin takes up an eosinophilic stain in routine (H and E) staining. Most of the potentially malignant disorders and carcinomas arise due to the keratinization defect, which makes keratin an important diagnostic tool. There are different stains such as Ayoub-Shklar (A-S), Dane-Herman (D-H), and rapid Papanicolaou (PAP) which is used to identify keratin. In A-S stain, keratins can be stained in magenta-red and orange colors.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>we compared A-S special stain and routine stain in terms of staining intensity or quality, the pattern of staining, and specificity for staining keratin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty cases from the department archives that included 10 well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 10 verrucous carcinoma, and 10 epithelial dysplasia were taken and each case was stained with both A-S and H and E stain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A-S showed an almost equal distribution of uniform and patchy staining patterns, but H and E showed more patchy staining patterns in the three groups. H and E stain shows good staining quality than A-S. A-S shows almost 90% of satisfactory staining specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Special stain like A-S stain can be used to stain keratin in different color, but H and E always remain gold standard stain.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"1 1","pages":"109-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70801273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Spectrum of Bone Marrow Aspirates in Infections: A Clinico-Hematological Analysis.","authors":"Divya Aggarwal, Shilpi More, Ritika Singh, Meera Sikka, Mrinalini Kotru","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_20_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_20_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Bone marrow examination (BME) is an invaluable tool for cases with pyrexia of unknown origin and pancytopenia. However, it is under-utilized for diagnosing infectious etiology and there is a paucity of literature regarding its role in infective pathology.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to bring to light the role of BME in diagnosing infectious pathology.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A retrospective study was carried out on bone marrow aspirates (BMAs) sent to the hematology department over the past 4 years. Clinical details, peripheral smears and BMA were retrieved from the records and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Leishman-stained peripheral smears and BMA were studied along with bone marrow biopsy wherever feasible.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 52 cases were studied. The most common clinical presentation was fever, clinical finding was splenomegaly and hematological finding was anemia. Based on the morphological findings in combination with clinical history, cases were categorized into-parasitic (26.9%), viral (23.1%), tubercular (11.5%), and nonspecific infections (38.5%). Parasites such as <i>Leishmania donovani</i>, microfilaria, plasmodium falciparum, and vivax were reported in 14/52 (27%) cases. Associated BMA findings were plasmacytosis, eosinophilia, reactive lymphocytosis, or dyserythopoiesis. In 38% (20/52) cases, no specific cause of infection was found in the bone marrow. These patients showed histiocytosis, hemophagocytosis, maturation arrest in myeloid lineage, relative myeloid hyperplasia, dysmyelopoiesis, toxic granulation/vacuolation in myeloid cells, lymphocytosis, increased plasma cells or monocytosis in marrow.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased histiocytes, hemophagocytosis, dysplastic changes, maturation arrest, relative myeloid hyperplasia or reactive plasmacytosis, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis are BMA features which must alert the pathologist towards an infectious disease process, a knowledge of these changes can help extend the scope of BME beyond hemato-lymphoid malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"1 1","pages":"114-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70800511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysplastic lining in odontogenic keratocyst: A unique and unanswered feature","authors":"H. Likhithaswamy, Kokila Ganganna, K. A. Ashok Kumar, Mahalakshmi Saibaba","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_120_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_120_20","url":null,"abstract":"Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is one of the most controversial and extensively studied and discussed odontogenic cyst among oral pathologists and surgeons due to its aggressive behavior and high recurrence rate. Recurrence of OKC is attributed to clinical aspects per se, surgical skill and treatment option or histopathological reasons have been extensively discussed in various literature. Although malignant transformation in OKC has been reported, little is known regarding dysplasia alone in OKC epithelium. In this article, we have highlighted this histological feature which can give a hint in predicting malignant transformation. This may help the clinician to predict the prognosis of the disease and thereby improving the quality of life.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"11 1","pages":"193 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46891777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of stromal collagen in oral lichen planus, carcinoma in situ, early invasive squamous cell carcinoma, and normal mucosa using picrosirius red stain","authors":"D. Nandini, V. Ramya, Vikram S. Amberkar, K. M. Mohan Kumar, G. Madhushankari","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_83_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_83_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease of uncertain cause commonly affecting oral cavity. Although the WHO has designated OLP as a “potentially malignant disorder,” controversies exist regarding its malignant potential. Collagen forms the principal component of stroma or extracellular matrix and its role in carcinogenesis is widely studied in other premalignancies. Although collagen at the basal complex of OLP is widely explored, studies on collagen in the connective tissue stroma are not reported to date. We aimed to observe the nature of collagen in connective tissue stroma of OLP using picrosirius red stain (PSR) under polarized microscope and compare with buccal mucosa without any pathology related to exposure to tobacco and other oral carcinogens, carcinoma in situ (Ca in situ), and early invasive squamous cell carcinoma (EISCC). Materials and Methods: Eighty samples were observed, with twenty samples in each study group. Two 4–6-μ thick sections were obtained from the archival blocks. One section was stained with hematoxylin and eosin for confirming the diagnosis, whereas PSR staining was done for the other section. Both sections were analyzed using a polarizing microscope for evaluating the polarization colors of collagen. The images captured were stored on a computer. Five nonoverlapping fields were selected from each section in all groups and the thickness of five collagen fibers from each section was measured in microns using image analysis software and the polarizing color was also noted. The values obtained were compared using Kruskal–Wallis H-test and Chi-square test. We also used Mann–Whitney U-test for intergroup comparison. Results: The mean width of thick as well as thin fibers was more in controls than Ca in situ, OLP, and EISCC in decreasing order. Mature fibers were predominant in the controls than Ca in situ, OLP, and EISCC in decreasing order. Immature fibers were predominant in EISCC, followed by OLP, Ca in situ, and controls. Comparison of collagen in OLP and Ca in situ showed no statistically significant result in terms of thickness and polarization colors confirming a similarity in the nature of collagen in these two lesions. Conclusion: The stromal collagen of OLP was comparable to Ca in situ suggesting a change in the structure and organization of collagen probably attributed to the role of inflammatory mediators. A study with bigger sample size is recommended to evaluate the role of collagen in malignant transformation of OLP.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"11 1","pages":"179 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44896688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifocal unilateral wilms' tumor: Radiopathological correlation","authors":"Ravikanth Reddy","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_121_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_121_20","url":null,"abstract":"Wilms' tumor constitutes majority of malignant primary renal tumors in children. Outcomes of treatment are excellent in Wilms' tumor, with a cumulative survival rate of 87%. A combination of imaging and histopathology is needed for confirmation of Wilms' tumor. However, imaging alone can be used for screening, diagnostic workup, assessment of response to treatment, preoperative evaluation, and follow-up for recurrence. In malignant primary tumors such as Wilms' tumor, where the outcomes following treatment are excellent, management strategies are aimed at risk-based stratification approach, thereby improving the quality of life in children with high-grade tumors while maintaining extremely good outcomes in the pediatric age group with low-grade tumors. This case report describes a rare sonological appearance of multifocal unilateral Wilms' tumor in a 4-month-old infant.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"11 1","pages":"190 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43098406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Osteogenic Potential of Titanium Coated with Hydrogel of <i>Calendula officinalis</i>: An <i>in Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Poonam M Sardesai, Ramesh P Nayakar, Ritiha C Uppin, Sayed M Killedar, Kishori P Sutar, Anandkumar Patil","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_22_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Implant failures could be due to peri-implantitis, and others are related to inadequate bone-to-implant contact eventually causing mobility and implant loss. Although many surface coatings have been proposed and commercially available drugs are used to treat the biofilm, there have been a lot of shortfalls, and the focus has now shifted toward biogenic agents. Hence, this <i>in vitro</i> study was undertaken with the intent to assess the antimicrobial efficacy and osteogenic potential of <i>calendula officinalis</i> hydrogel when coated on titanium.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 270 titanium discs (10 mm × 2 mm American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B348) were included in the study, and their surface topography was characterized. Minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and cytotoxicity were established, and <i>C. officinalis</i> hydrogel was prepared. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested against <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> of the <i>C. officinalis</i> hydrogel coated on titanium discs compared to chlorhexidine gel. The osteogenic potential of the gel was evaluated by assessing the cell attachment using a hemocytometer and cell proliferation using MTT assay on MG-63 cell lines at three different time intervals of 24, 48, and 72 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>C. officinalis</i> hydrogel coated on titanium discs showed antimicrobial efficacy against the tested microorganisms; however, it was less than chlorhexidine gel. The cell attachment and cell proliferation were statistically highly significant (<i>P</i> = 0.001*, *signifies result is significant) compared to the machined titanium surfaces with an effect size of 59%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>C. officinalis</i>-treated titanium surfaces had a positive effect on the cellular events of MG-63 cells as well as it showed antimicrobial efficacy against the predominant peri-implant pathogens which would prevent early peri-implantitis and help in the process of osseointegration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"1 1","pages":"91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70800574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Role of Progesterone Hormone in IDH-Mutant Astrocytoma.","authors":"Eman Ahmed Abd Elmaogod, Dina Ahmed Khairy, Abla Sayed Mahmoud","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_115_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_115_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Sex steroid hormones can influence astrocytomas, the most common form of glioma. Progesterone (P) may participate in cancer development. The current study evaluated the progesterone receptor (PR) expression in 49 (isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant) astrocytomas concerning their proliferative potential.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study aimed to assess the immunohistochemical progesterone expression in IDH-mutant astrocytic tumors besides correlating such expression with the pathological parameters of the tumors.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This is a retrospective observational cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-nine intracranial astrocytoma specimens were evaluated for PRs and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme mutations in a histopathological and immunohistochemical study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 26 females (53.1%) and 23 males (46.9%) (<i>n</i> = 49). The median age was 41.5 (27.75) years. IDH-mutant astrocytic tumors demonstrated positive PR immunoreactivity in 42 of 49 cases (85.7%). Its expression was observed in 20 of 27 cases of Grade 2 astrocytomas (diffuse type), 7 of 7 cases of Grade 3 astrocytomas (anaplastic type), and 15 of 15 cases of Grade 4 astrocytomas (glioblastoma). In addition, tumor vessel walls and cells with microvascular endothelial proliferation showed PR positivity. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in PR expression in the right and left-sided tumors compared to midline tumors and in supratentorial tumors compared to infratentorial tumors. It was high with positive necrosis. The tumor grade and the expression of PR were strongly positively correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.972; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and there was a moderately positive linear correlation between them and the patient's age (<i>r</i> = 0.414; <i>P</i> = 0.003). Recurrence and gender were not associated with PR expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We propose a correlation between PR and the histologic grade, growth, and angiogenesis of the IDH-mutant astrocytoma. As a result, it can act as a prognostic marker for a new promising target therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"1 1","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70800144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy and Perception of an Origami-Based Paper Microscope When Compared to the Conventional Light Microscope in Oral Cytology.","authors":"M E Adhi Sivasankari, Harikrishnan Prasad, Kenniyankumar Srichinthu, Perumal Prema, Muthusamy Rajmohan, Sivanandhan Shanmuganathan","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_37_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_37_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Foldscope is an origami-based portable paper microscope, developed in 2014, that can provide up to 2000 times magnification. It has the potential use as a low-cost diagnostic alternative in areas with limited resources. Oral cancer screening camps rely on visual examination of the patients' oral cavity. In-field diagnosis of cytological smears can be very beneficial, although it requires more resources. Therefore, we designed a study to compare the accuracy of Foldscope in the identification of features in cytology smears, when compared with light microscope.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Two examiners with adequate experience evaluated 35 oral cytology smears. The Foldscope was used twice for evaluation by each examiner, with a gap of 15 days between the two evaluations. Both examiners also evaluated the same set of slides using a light microscope. Accuracy of identification of cells using Foldscope, when compared with the light microscope was evaluated. Interobserver agreement in the identification of various features was also determined using kappa statistics, for light microscope examination, and two Foldscope examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that both examiners could identify epithelial cells accurately using the Foldscope. Mucous cells, inflammatory cells, and microorganisms could also be identified, with slightly lesser accuracy. Interobserver agreement was good in the light microscope. However, with the Foldscope, especially after the second sitting, the interobserver agreement was found to be comparably good.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With adequate training and practice, Foldscopes could be valuable tools for rapid and immediate diagnosis of exfoliative cytology smears in mass oral cancer screening camps.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"1 1","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70801159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Changes in the Background Renal Parenchyma in Neoplastic Nephrectomies and Nephroureterectomy: A 10-Year Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Reem A Al Zahrani","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_87_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_87_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nephrectomies and nephroureterectomies specimen with neoplastic diagnosis provide a great opportunity to examine the background kidney parenchyma. This will help in exploring any microscopic abnormality that may affect the functional capacity of the residual renal tissue and assess the possible need for nephrologist intervention in maximizing the function of the residual renal parenchyma.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Evaluation of this part of the kidney is overlooked in different centers around the world.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 124 specimens of nephrectomies and nephroureterectomies performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital between January 2010 and December 2019 were reviewed. The microscopic findings in the nonneoplatic parenchyma were documented. Furthermore, the extent to which these findings were initially identified, investigated, and reported was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy were among the most common findings in the diseased kidney. The nonneoplastic kidney was well sampled in 95% of the cases and mentioned in the report in 25% of the cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although, the evaluation of this part of the kidney is essential, and of great help for the patient prognosis, and quality of kidney function, it is overlooked in different centers around the world, and the causes behind this requires further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"11 2","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/62/JMAU-11-103.PMC10337669.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9825863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectopic Adrenal Rest in Paratubal Region: A Rare Lesion in a Rare Location.","authors":"Indranil Chakrabarti,&nbsp;Nabanita Das","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_139_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_139_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectopic adrenal rests (EAT) are rare lesions comprising predominantly adrenocortical tissue in various locations. Here, we report a case of EAT in the paratubal location which was incidentally detected in a salpingo-oophorectomy specimen from a 21-year-old female. The identification of these lesions is extremely essential as it can be associated with hyperplasia and neoplasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"11 2","pages":"118-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/ff/JMAU-11-118.PMC10337672.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9825864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}