Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure最新文献

{"title":"Erratum: Stereological and Histological Assessment of the Umbilical Cord in New-Born Rat.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_98_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_98_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 108 in vol. 9, PMID: 34729350.].</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"12 3","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired Glucose Homeostasis Accompanies Cellular Changes in Endocrine Pancreas after Atorvastatin Administration.","authors":"Ahmed A M Abdel-Hamid, Alaa El-Din L Firgany","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_41_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_41_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atorvastatin (ATOR) has been reported to increase the risk for diabetes mellitus. Therefore, in the current study, we focused on studying the effect of ATOR on the structure of islets of Langerhans including their various cellular components as well as on glucose homeostasis. We detected a statistically significant increase (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in β-cell mass and percentage with a significant decrease in α-cell area and percentage in animals that received ATOR compared to control ones. In addition, a statistically significant increase (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in the β-cell proliferation was observed in the ATOR group with negligible change in expression of inflammatory cytokines of the islets. A significant downregulation in apoptosis alongside a significant upregulation in anti-apoptosis were detected in islets of animals treated with ATOR. Moreover, there was a significant impairment in various parameters of glucose homeostasis in the ATOR-treated group. Therefore, ATOR may induce insulin resistance-like state that was demarcated at cellular as well as at biochemical levels with little or no inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"12 3","pages":"126-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red Blood Cells in Health and Disease.","authors":"Aradhya Giri, Sandhya Tamgadge","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_70_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_70_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Red blood cells (RBCs) play a crucial role in the normal functioning of the human body, primarily through their ability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. Various diseases, including anemia and other hemolytic disorders, can arise when there is an abnormality in RBC structure or function. The pathophysiology of other conditions, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease can also involve changes in RBCs. Advances in RBC research have led to a better understanding of their structure, function, and pathophysiology. The COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the critical role of RBCs in disease pathology, with research suggesting that RBCs may be directly affected by the virus. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of RBCs in health and disease, including recent advances in diagnosis, treatment, and the role of RBCs in disease pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"13 3","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12499939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Automated GeneXpert BCR-ABL1 Assay versus Standard Nonautomated BCR-ABL1 Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Quantitation: A Study from Tertiary Care Institute in India.","authors":"Shilpi More, Tathagata Chatterjee, Charu Agarwal, Mukta Pujani, Raj K Chandoke","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_88_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_88_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Molecular monitoring of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors at various time points after diagnosis is indispensable for therapeutic stratification. Thus, standardization and reproducibility of these tests to an international scale are of paramount importance. Standard TRUPCR BCR-ABL1 by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Xpert BCR-ABL Ultra performed on the Cepheid GeneXpert^® Instrument Systems (GeneXpert) were used to perform molecular monitoring in CML patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-six samples (6 diagnostic and 20 monitoring samples) were tested on both platforms, and the BCR-ABL1 transcript ratio was compared. Kappa statistic was applied to calculate the agreement between the two tests, and Chi-square test was used to evaluate the difference in proportions in the two groups. The costs between the two tests were also compared, however, no statistical analysis was done for the same.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All six diagnostic samples were detected by TRUPCR, but only four could be detected by GeneXpert. One of these was a minor BCR-ABL1 transcript (p190) which cannot be detected by GeneXpert. Among the 20 monitoring samples, there was moderate agreement between the two tests, with a <i>P</i> = 0.01. The cost of TRUPCR was significantly less compared to GeneXpert.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Standard BCR-ABL1 estimation by TRUPCR is superior and much more cost-effective than GeneXpert. GeneXpert inspite being an easy-to-use, fully automated platform lacks the benefit of customization with a high cost making the standard <i>reverse transcription</i>-<i>polymerase chain reaction</i> techniques more feasible and usable for molecular monitoring in CML patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"13 3","pages":"137-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12499937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation of Wi-Fi Router on Thyroid Gland and the Possible Protective Role of Combined Vitamin C and Zinc Administration in Adult Male Albino Rats.","authors":"Nancy Nagy Abd El-Hady Ibrahim, Remon S Estfanous, Aml M Abo-Alala, Amal K Elkattan, Rabab Mohamed Amer","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_121_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_121_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is widely used nowadays in various fields due to rapid expansion of technology and affects different organs such as endocrine glands. Antioxidants protect the cells and act as a free radical scavenger.</p><p><strong>Aim of work: </strong>The aim of the study was to clarify the effect of EMR emitted from Wi-Fi router on the thyroid gland of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of combined Vitamin C and zinc.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups: Group I (control group), Group II (received combined Vitamin C and Zinc in one tablet called IMMUNO-MASH), and Group III (experimental groups). Group III was divided into two subgroups (A and B) according to the duration of exposure: 6 h and 24 h/day. Each of these groups was divided into two equal subgroups. One was exposed only to EMR while the other was exposed to EMR and received combined Vitamin C and zinc. All rats were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The thyroid gland was prepared for general histological, anti-calcitonin immunostaining, and ultrastructural study. Furthermore, measurement of total serum T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) hormone levels and quantitative analysis of immunoreactive C-cells were done. Then, statistical analysis was done on the number of immunoreactive C-cells, data of the body weight, and the hormonal levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A highly significant increase in the body weight in subgroups exposed to EMR for 24 h/day was observed. Furthermore, they showed a highly significant decline in T3 and T4 levels together with a highly significant increase in TSH level. With increasing period of exposure, there was a variable degree of deterioration in the form of congestion and dilatation of blood vessels, cellular infiltration, follicular disintegration, vacuolar degeneration, and desquamated follicular cells in the colloid. The C-cells showed a significant increase in the mean number compared with the control group. Ultrastructural analysis of follicular cells revealed colloid droplets, deteriorations in rough endoplasmic reticulum, degenerating nuclei, and swollen mitochondria according to the dose of exposure. There was apparent improvement with the use of combined Vitamin C and zinc.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wi-Fi radiation has a very serious effect on thyroid gland morphology and activity. Moreover, experimentally induced hypothyroidism by radiation resulted in increased C-cell number. Combined Vitamin C and zinc could have a protective role against this tissue damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"12 2","pages":"51-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11245130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cauliflower-like Growth on the Anterior Mandibular Gingivae","authors":"Subraj J. Shetty, T. Pereira, R. Desai","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_54_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_54_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare, benign, soft-tissue growth, mostly affecting the oral cavity. The distinguishing feature in its diagnosis is the occurrence of foam cells in the papillary connective tissue. The growth typically resembles a malignant tumor; therefore, the clinical presentation may be deceiving. The histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis is, therefore, crucial. Once entirely removed, there is a low likelihood of recurrence. Here, we describe a 60-year-old woman’s case with VX on the mandibular gingiva.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytodiagnosis of an Ectopic Primary Meningioma of the Parapharyngeal Region","authors":"K. Amita, Prescilla Christopher, Nitha Thomas, M. Abhishek","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_129_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_129_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Cytological findings in meningiomas are not well characterized since cranial meningiomas are unapproachable and rarely aspirated. Extracranial meningiomas are rare with an incidence of 1%–2%. These lesions can pose diagnostic challenges to clinicians as well as cytopathologists. This rare case is reported for its novel presentation in the parapharyngeal space which was diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration and confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Awareness of the cytological findings and the possibility of occurrence of meningiomas at an extracranial location is important to arrive at an accurate preoperative diagnosis. This case report highlights the usefulness of fine-needle aspiration cytology not only in the diagnosis of meningiomas at an unusual location but also in predicting biological behavior.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Keratocyst: Report of Nine Cases with Review of Literature","authors":"T. Dineshkumar, A. Rameshkumar, K. Rajkumar, Swaathi Ravindran","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_100_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_100_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Formerly believed to be a subtype of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC), a rare developing odontogenic cyst, is now believed to be distinct. The clinical, radiographic, histological data are included in this report, along with a review of the literature to aid in comprehending the cyst. A retrospective search in the oral pathology department between 2018 and 2022 was conducted to recover all cases reported as OOC in SRM Dental College, Ramapuram. Radiographs and Haematoxylin and Eosin stained histological slides were re-examined. Overall, there were nine cases in which men were engaged in 80% of the instances and the group’s ages varied from 20 to 35. The primary symptoms of all of the patients were pain and edema. The vast majority of cases had an impacted tooth in the jaw. All of the lesions showed clearly visible radiolucency on orthopantomographs [OPG], with the exception of one specific case. Additionally, histological examination of each patient revealed the characteristic microscopic traits and enucleation was done to treat all the cases. OOC has a more favourable outcome than OKC due to variations in prognosis, management and must be considered distinct from OKC. Most of our cases—a large majority—involved adolescent males’ mandibles and involved pain and edema. Most were unilocular and all were radiolucent. The literature-recommended histopathological findings were present and all cases were enucleated.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"14 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereomicroscopy – A Potential Technique for Forensic Dental Profiling","authors":"Pankti Patel, Dhwani Patel","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_74_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_74_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 “Forensic odontology” is concerned with the proper handling, inspection, and assessment of dental evidence as well as the correct analysis and representation of dental findings. An odontologist is regularly called upon to help identify unknown human remains and dental evidence recovered from crime scenes and disasters. Dental profiling is the study of teeth and their surrounding structures with the goal of determining a victim’s identity. One can estimate an individual’s age, gender, and ethnicity using dental profiling. It can also be used to determine dental anthropological features such as personal habits, diet, nutritional deficiencies, oral health, and social class. Dental profiling can be done in a number of ways by either invasive or noninvasive methods. By studying and examining solid samples with complicated surface topography for macro features, stereomicroscopy is one of the ways that might be useful in it. Such a technique could be useful for both invasive and noninvasive dental profiling approaches. Stereomicroscopy refers to a microscopic technique that can be used for stereoscopic viewing or three-dimensional imaging with depth and contrast perception; it is essential for interpreting specimen structure. A stereomicroscope or dissecting microscope is a device used to observe a sample at a low magnification utilizing light reflected off the object’s surface rather than transmitted through it. This paper provides an overview of the stereomicroscope’s usage, applications, and benefits in microscopic forensic dental profiling.","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Improved Healing of Cutaneous Wound in a Rat Model","authors":"Asmaa Ali Mohamed Ahmed, M. S. Hafez, Ghada G Hamam, Gehan Abd Elkhalek Ibrahim","doi":"10.4103/jmau.jmau_114_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmau.jmau_114_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Wounds of skin are common injuries causing familial burdens. Exosomes received attention as a cell-free therapy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Studying the role of exosomes (derived from mesenchymal stromal cells [MSCs]) on healing of cutaneous wound in adult male Wistar rats.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Five weaned rats were used for exosome isolation. Exosomes were isolated (from bone marrow-MSCs) through ultracentrifugation. They were then characterized using a transmission electron microscope. The study was conducted on 42 adult male rats. They were divided into Group I (control group); Group II (spontaneous wound healing) and Group III (exosomes treated group): 24 h after generation of skin wound rats received a single intravenous injection of 1 mL phosphate buffer saline containing purified exosomes. Skin specimens were collected after 14 days and 21 days. Skin specimens were subjected to proper histological techniques.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Administration of exosomes decreased pain experienced by rats, improved wound healing, enhanced epidermal reepithelization and the regeneration of skin appendages, significantly increased epidermal cell proliferation and lead to better organization of newly formed collagen.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Intravenous injection of exosomes was effective in accelerating cutaneous wound healing in adult rats.\u0000","PeriodicalId":16340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure","volume":"60 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}