{"title":"Formulation of patient dose of [177Lu]Lu-Trastuzumab using in-house developed freeze-dried kit: A path forward for clinical translation","authors":"Jeyachitra Amirdhanayagam, Mohini Guleria, Rohit Sharma, Naveen Kumar, Archana Mukherjee, Tapas Das","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trastuzumab is a US-FDA-approved humanized monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. The aim of the present work is to optimize a freeze-dried formulation of DOTA-Trastuzumab conjugate for the preparation of patient doses of [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-Trastuzumab for radioimmunotherapy of breast cancer. The formulation of [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-Trastuzumab usually takes a long time, and thus, such a process is not suitable for the routine preparation of this agent in hospital radiopharmacies. To circumvent this, a pre-synthesized DOTA-Trastuzumab conjugate as a freeze-dried formulation is proposed. In the present work, DOTA-Trastuzumab conjugate was subjected to a freeze-drying process after the addition of optimized amounts of radioprotectant and cryoprotectant. [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-DOTA-Trastuzumab was prepared by incubating the lyophilized powder of the kit vial with medium-specific activity <sup>177</sup>LuCl<sub>3</sub>. The final radiochemical purity of [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-DOTA-Trastuzumab, prepared using freeze-dried kit, was determined to be >95%. To ascertain the reproducibility of the procedure, six consecutive batches of the freeze-dried formulation were prepared, radiolabeled, and evaluated by carrying out both in vitro and ex vivo studies. The consistency of the results of all the six consecutive batches confirmed the robustness and utility of the in-house optimized freeze-dried formulation for the preparation of patient doses of [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-Trastuzumab at hospital radiopharmacies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 4","pages":"131-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139717618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulina Chałupnik, Aleš Marek, Marie Emilie Leiticia Hovah, Darryl S. Pickering, Piero Temperini, Stephanie Donbosco, Ewa Szymańska, Tommy N. Johansen
{"title":"Tritium and deuterium labelling of a kainate receptor antagonist and evaluation as a radioligand","authors":"Paulina Chałupnik, Aleš Marek, Marie Emilie Leiticia Hovah, Darryl S. Pickering, Piero Temperini, Stephanie Donbosco, Ewa Szymańska, Tommy N. Johansen","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kainate receptors play a crucial role in mediating synaptic transmission within the central nervous system. However, the lack of selective pharmacological tool compounds for the GluK3 subunit represents a significant challenge in studying these receptors. Recently presented compound <b>1</b> stands out as a potent antagonist of GluK3 receptors, exhibiting nanomolar affinity at GluK3 receptors and strongly inhibiting glutamate-induced currents at homomeric GluK1 and GluK3 receptors in HEK293 cells with K<sub>b</sub> values of 65 and 39 nM, respectively. This study presents the synthesis of two potent GluK3-preferring iodine derivatives of compound <b>1</b>, serving as precursors for radiolabelling. Furthermore, we demonstrate the optimisation of dehalogenation conditions using hydrogen and deuterium, resulting in [<sup>2</sup>H]-<b>1</b>, and demonstrate the efficient synthesis of the radioligand [<sup>3</sup>H]-<b>1</b> with a specific activity of 1.48 TBq/mmol (40.1 Ci/mmol). Radioligand binding studies conducted with [<sup>3</sup>H]-<b>1</b> as a radiotracer at GluK1, GluK2, and GluK3 receptors expressed in Sf9 and rat P2 membranes demonstrated its potential applicability for selectively studying native GluK3 receptors in the presence of GluK1 and 2-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor-blocking ligands.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 4","pages":"120-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jlcr.4087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139706923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automated radiolabeling and handling of 177Lu- and 225Ac-PSMA-617 using a robotic pipettor","authors":"Shin Hye Ahn, Anthony P. Belanger","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While automated modules for F-18 and C-11 radiosyntheses are standardized with features such as multiple reactors, vacuum connection and semi-preparative HPLC, labeling and processing of compounds with radiometals such as Zr-89, Lu-177 and Ac-225 often do not require complex manipulations and are frequently performed manually by a radiochemist. These procedures typically involve transferring solutions to and from vials using pipettes followed by heating of the reaction mixture, and do not require all the features found in most commercial automated synthesis units marketed as F-18 or C-11 modules. Here we present an efficient automated method for performing radiosyntheses involving radiometals by adapting a commercially available robotic pipettor originally developed for high-throughput processing of biological samples. While a robotic pipettor is less costly than a radiosynthesis module, it holds many similar advantages over manual radiosynthesis such as minimization of operator error, lower operator exposure rates, and abbreviated synthesis times, among others. To demonstrate the feasibility of using the OpenTrons OT-2 robotic pipettor to perform automated radiosyntheses, we radiolabeled and formulated <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617 and <sup>225</sup>Ac-PSMA-617 on the system. The OT-2 was then used to help streamline the quality control process for both products, further minimizing manual handling by and exposure to the radiochemist.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 3","pages":"111-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jlcr.4085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine Steffann, Guillaume Bluet, Sébastien Roy, Catherine Aubert, Eric Fouquet, Philippe Hermange
{"title":"18F-Fluorination of a supported 2-(aryl-di-tert-butylsilyl)-N-methyl-imidazole for indirect 18F-labeling of a VHH single-variable domain","authors":"Marine Steffann, Guillaume Bluet, Sébastien Roy, Catherine Aubert, Eric Fouquet, Philippe Hermange","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4082","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anchoring an imidazole-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-arylsilane possessing an azido group to a polystyrene resin provided a heterogeneous precursor that was radiolabeled easily using aqueous [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoride. After optimizing the conditions (i.e., using DMSO as solvent and heating at 160°C for 15 min), the desired [<sup>18</sup>F]fluorosilane was obtained in 24% radiochemical yield (RCY) and 78% radiochemical purity (RCP) using solid-phase extraction as sole purification. Then, this compound was conjugated by strain-promoted alkyne–azide cycloaddition to a model single-variable domain possessing a cyclooctyne tag, yielding to the desired <sup>18</sup>F-labeled bioconjugate in 2% RCY and >95% RCP after purification by a size exclusion chromatography.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 3","pages":"104-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jlcr.4082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michal Kriegelstein, Gabriela Nováková, Aleš Marek
{"title":"Synthesis of [3H]Org24598 using in-house prepared [3H]MeI","authors":"Michal Kriegelstein, Gabriela Nováková, Aleš Marek","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The synthesis of tritium-labelled glycine transporter 1 inhibitor Org24598 is reported. Because of the instability of the Org24598 skeleton under hydrogenation conditions, a synthetic approach using an in-house prepared tritium-labelled alkylating agent ([<sup>3</sup>H]MeI, SA = 26.2 Ci/mmol) was employed. Alternative methods of labelling are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 3","pages":"91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of [1′-13C]citric acid as a probe in a breath test to evaluate tricarboxylic acid cycle flux","authors":"Hidemichi Mitome, Mieko Takenishi, Kumiko Ono, Naoyuki Kawagoe, Tsunehiko Imai, Yosuke Sasaki, Yoshihisa Urita, Kazuki Akira","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>[1′-<sup>13</sup>C]Citric acid (<b>1</b>) was efficiently prepared from dimethyl 1,3-acetonedicarboxylate in two steps as a probe for a breath test. The synthetic method was selected because of the yield and reproducibility. Compound <b>1</b> was orally administrated to rats, and the time course of the increase of <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>/<sup>12</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> ratios (<i>Δ</i><sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>) in their breath was successfully followed, indicating the metabolism of <b>1</b>. Thus, the <sup>13</sup>C-breath test using <b>1</b> is a promising method to evaluate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 3","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139087223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Marešová, Michal Jurášek, Pavel B. Drašar, Bohumil Dolenský, Elena A. Prokudina, Vladimir Shalgunov, Matthias M. Herth, Paul Cumming, Alexander Popkov
{"title":"A facile synthesis of precursor for the σ-1 receptor PET radioligand [18F]FTC-146 and its radiofluorination","authors":"Anna Marešová, Michal Jurášek, Pavel B. Drašar, Bohumil Dolenský, Elena A. Prokudina, Vladimir Shalgunov, Matthias M. Herth, Paul Cumming, Alexander Popkov","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4081","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4081","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The σ-1 receptor is a non-opioid transmembrane protein involved in various human pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, and cancer. The previously published ligand <b>[</b><sup><b>18</b></sup><b>F]FTC-146</b> is among the most promising tools for σ-1 molecular imaging by positron emission tomography (PET), with a potential for application in clinical diagnostics and research. However, the published six- or four-step synthesis of the tosyl ester precursor for its radiosynthesis is complicated and time-consuming. Herein, we present a simple one-step precursor synthesis followed by a one-step fluorine-18 labeling procedure that streamlines the preparation of <b>[</b><sup><b>18</b></sup><b>F]FTC-146</b>. Instead of a tosyl-based precursor, we developed a one-step synthesis of the precursor analog <b>AM-16</b> containing a chloride leaving group for the S<sub>N</sub>2 reaction with <sup>18</sup>F-fluoride. <sup>18</sup>F-fluorination of <b>AM-16</b> led to a moderate decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY = 7.5%) with molar activity (A<sub>m</sub>) of 45.9 GBq/μmol. Further optimization of this procedure should enable routine radiopharmaceutical production of this promising PET tracer.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 2","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jlcr.4081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139087222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florian Menzel, Jonathan Cotton, Thomas Ziegler, Andreas Maurer, Jochen M. Neumaier
{"title":"Open-source flow setup for rapid and efficient [18F]fluoride drying for automation of PET tracer syntheses","authors":"Florian Menzel, Jonathan Cotton, Thomas Ziegler, Andreas Maurer, Jochen M. Neumaier","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the key strategies for radiochemical research facilities is the automation of synthesis processes. Unnecessary manual operations increase the radiation exposure of personnel, while simultaneously threatening the reliability of syntheses. We have previously reported an affordable open-source system comprising 3D-printed continuous flow reactors, a custom syringe pump, and a pressure regulator that can be used to perform radiofluorinations. In this paper, we address additional essential processes that are needed for radiotracer development and synthesis, with the aim of making laboratory work safer and research more efficient. We have designed and evaluated a fully automated system for rapidly and effectively processing and drying aqueous [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoride that can be directly connected to the cyclotron. This process relies on triflyl fluoride gas generation and allows nucleophilic [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoride to be prepared safely in a hotcell within 10 min and an activity recovery of 91.7 ± 1.6% (n = 5). Owing to the need for convenient radiofluorinated prosthetic ligands, we have adapted our continuous flow system to produce [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroethyl tosylate (FEOTs) and [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroethyl triflate (FEOTf), prosthetic groups that are widely used for late-stage fluoroethylation of PET tracers. The processes as well as the radiolabeling of different groups are compared and comprehensively discussed. Having a method providing [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroethyl tosylate (FEOTs) as well as [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroethyl triflate (FEOTf) quickly and highly efficiently is beneficial for radiochemical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 2","pages":"40-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jlcr.4080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of radiotracers for riboflavin transporter 3 imaging in diseases—A brief overview","authors":"Jindian Li, Xianzhong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jlcr.4076","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jlcr.4076","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Riboflavin (RF, vitamin B2) plays a key role in metabolic oxidation–reduction reactions, especially in the mitochondrial reprogramming of energy metabolism. Riboflavin transporter 3 (RFVT3) is a vital section of the mitochondrial network and involved in riboflavin homeostasis and production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The abnormal expression of RFVT3 is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of multiple diseases. Therefore, it is vital to understand the riboflavin internalization pathway under pathological conditions by addressing the abnormal expression of RFVT3, which could be a highly valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis and effective therapy of various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"67 2","pages":"77-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138830067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}