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Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research最新文献

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Interleukin-12: Structure, Function, and Its Impact in Colorectal Cancer. 白细胞介素-12：结构、功能及其对结直肠癌的影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0190
Ziwei Zhu, Qian Peng, Xingmei Duan, Jie Li
{"title":"Interleukin-12: Structure, Function, and Its Impact in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Ziwei Zhu, Qian Peng, Xingmei Duan, Jie Li","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0190","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a heterodimer consisting of 2 subunits, p35 and p40, with unique associations and interacting functions with its family members. IL-12 is one of the most important cytokines regulating the immune system response and is integral to adaptive immunity. IL-12 has shown marked therapeutic potential in a variety of tumor types. This review therefore summarizes the characteristics of IL-12 and its application in tumor treatment, focusing on its antitumor effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) and potential radiosensitization mechanisms. We aim to provide a current reference for IL-12 and other potential CRC treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"158-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Updated Review of Interleukin-2 Therapy in Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases. 白细胞介素-2疗法在癌症和自身免疫性疾病中的应用的最新回顾。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0178
Hale Radi, Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti, Gholam Ali Kardar, Nasim Hafezi
{"title":"An Updated Review of Interleukin-2 Therapy in Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases.","authors":"Hale Radi, Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti, Gholam Ali Kardar, Nasim Hafezi","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0178","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine that acts in dual and paradoxical ways in the immunotherapy of cancers and autoimmune diseases. Numerous clinical trial studies have shown that the use of different doses of this cytokine in various autoimmune diseases, transplantations, and cancers has resulted in therapeutic success. However, side effects of varying severity have been observed in patients. In recent years, to prevent these side effects, IL-2 has been engineered to bind more specifically to its receptors on the cell surface, decreasing IL-2 toxicities in patients. In this review article, we focus on some recent clinical trial studies and analyze them to determine the appropriate dose of IL-2 drug with the least toxicities. In addition, we discuss the engineering performed on IL-2, which shows that engineered IL-2 increases the specificity function of IL-2 and decreases its adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"143-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Therapeutic Potential of Cytokine-Induced Killer in Patients with Cancer. 细胞因子诱导的杀手对癌症患者的治疗潜力
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0180
Sixun Zhong, Yan Zhang, Xiaomin Lu, Vafa Meftahpour
{"title":"The Therapeutic Potential of Cytokine-Induced Killer in Patients with Cancer.","authors":"Sixun Zhong, Yan Zhang, Xiaomin Lu, Vafa Meftahpour","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0180","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the promising results of immunotherapy, further experiments need to be considered because of several factors ranging from physical barriers to off-tumor adverse effects. It is surprising that adoptive cellular immunotherapy, particularly dendritic cell and cytokine-induced killer (DC-CIK) therapy, is far less emphasized in the treatment of cancer diseases. DC-CIK therapy in cancer patients presents auspicious results with low or no side effects, which should not be overlooked. More interestingly, almost all DC-CIK clinical trials are ongoing in China that highlight the limitations of therapeutic strategies and require large-scale research. To date, it is advisable to consider combination therapy with chemotherapy since it has shown promising outcomes with higher efficacy. In this article, the efficacy of DC-CIK therapy in patients with cancer is summarized by underscoring the lack of experiments on soft cancers on an unprecedented scale. In brief, DC-CIK therapy is a safe and effective therapeutic agent for malignant and nonmalignant diseases that enhances short-term and long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":"44 3","pages":"99-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlation Between MicroRNA by Extracellular Vesicle Mediated and Antiviral Effects of Interferon Omega in Feline Peripheral Blood. 猫外周血中细胞外囊泡介导的微RNA与Ω干扰素的抗病毒作用之间的相关性
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0174
Mingxing Yang, Guowei Xu, Jingyan Zhang, Zhiting Guo, Chao Liang, Yajun Li, Lei Wang, Yuxia Zhou, Yi Ru, Jianxi Li, Xuezhi Wang, Yan Sun
{"title":"Correlation Between MicroRNA by Extracellular Vesicle Mediated and Antiviral Effects of Interferon Omega in Feline Peripheral Blood.","authors":"Mingxing Yang, Guowei Xu, Jingyan Zhang, Zhiting Guo, Chao Liang, Yajun Li, Lei Wang, Yuxia Zhou, Yi Ru, Jianxi Li, Xuezhi Wang, Yan Sun","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0174","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline interferon omega (IFN-ω) has been proven to have high antiviral activity; however, its in-depth antiviral effects remain unknown. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been demonstrated to participate in the regulation of the immune response pathway for the body through various active substances, especially through the microRNA (miRNA) carried by them. In this study, we isolated EVs from feline peripheral blood by differential centrifugation, and further found that the content of IFN-ω in EVs increased continuously within 24 h after IFN-ω treatment, and a large number of miRNAs were significantly downregulated in EVs within 12 h after IFN-ω treatment. These significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were important for regulating changes in antiviral cytokines. This study reveals for the first time the correlation between EVs-mediated miRNA in feline peripheral blood and IFN-ω on antiviral immune response, which may provide strong data support for the development of novel antiviral nanomedicine and the research of the antiviral effects of IFN-ω.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":"44 3","pages":"124-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cytokine Plasma Levels in Breast Cancer Patients, Before and After Surgery. 乳腺癌患者手术前后的细胞因子血浆水平
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0157
Emmanuel Kontomanolis, Christina Tsigalou, Achilleas Mitrakas, Anastasia G Gkegka, Eleni Efraimidou, Dimitrios Karamanidis, Konstantinos Nikoletos, Tsikouras Panagiotis, Nikolaos Nikoletos, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Michael I Koukourakis
{"title":"Cytokine Plasma Levels in Breast Cancer Patients, Before and After Surgery.","authors":"Emmanuel Kontomanolis, Christina Tsigalou, Achilleas Mitrakas, Anastasia G Gkegka, Eleni Efraimidou, Dimitrios Karamanidis, Konstantinos Nikoletos, Tsikouras Panagiotis, Nikolaos Nikoletos, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Michael I Koukourakis","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0157","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studying the levels of cytokines in the plasma of patients could be valuable in guiding immunotherapy policies. We assessed the plasma levels of 4 major cytokines [interferon (IFN)-β, interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)] collected from 19 patients with ductal breast cancer (BCa), before surgery (BS) and 5 days after surgery (AS). The ratio AS/BS was also calculated and correlated with histopathological variables and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density. The IFN-β and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in BCa patients, BS and AS, than healthy controls (<i>P</i> < 0.02). High IL-2 levels BS were linked with node involvement (<i>P</i> = 0.02), and marginally with HER2 expression (<i>P</i> = 0.08), while high TNF-α levels were linked with high PgR expression (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Increasing IFN-β, IL-2, and TNF-α levels were noted AS, which was more evident in patients with larger tumors. The TGF-β levels were significantly lower in BCa patients (<i>P</i> < 0.007). Linear regression analysis showed a direct association of IFN-β levels AS (<i>P</i> = 0.02, <i>r</i> = 0.52) and of TNF-α AS/BS-ratio (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>r</i> = 0.72) with TIL-density. It is suggested that although effector immune response is evident in the majority of early stage BCa patients, removal of the primary tumor further unblocks such responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139931491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular Insights of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis. 非酒精性脂肪肝发病机制的分子洞察。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0162
Reham Mohammed Dawood, Ghada Maher Salum, Mai Abd El-Meguid, Basma El-Sayed Fotouh
{"title":"Molecular Insights of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis.","authors":"Reham Mohammed Dawood, Ghada Maher Salum, Mai Abd El-Meguid, Basma El-Sayed Fotouh","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0162","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most prevalent chronic liver disease. Many hepatic abnormalities are associated with NAFLD such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver failure. Moreover, the pathogenesis of NAFLD has numerous etiologies and can be explained due to the existence of several of stimulus that act simultaneously on genetically susceptible patients. These stimuli include obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. In addition, identifying the role of gut microbiota on NAFLD progression has been illustrated. In this review, we clarified the several factors that lead to the development of NAFLD and identify those who are most at risk of developing liver end-stage disease. Highlighting the noninvasive diagnostic NAFLD markers could be helpful in the disease prevention and treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"111-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139672014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of Polymorphisms of the IL-17A and IL-17F Genes with Increased Risk of Hypertension and Obesity in Mexican Patients with COVID-19. IL-17A和IL-17F基因多态性与墨西哥 COVID-19 患者高血压和肥胖症风险增加的关系。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0101
Richard Salama-Frisbie, Cinthia A Molina-Flores, Arguiñe I Urraza-Robledo, María E Gutiérrez-Pérez, Alberto A Miranda-Pérez, Alhi A Gutiérrez-Salas, Jorge Haro-Santa Cruz, Francisco C López-Márquez
{"title":"Association of Polymorphisms of the <i>IL-17A</i> and <i>IL-17F</i> Genes with Increased Risk of Hypertension and Obesity in Mexican Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Richard Salama-Frisbie, Cinthia A Molina-Flores, Arguiñe I Urraza-Robledo, María E Gutiérrez-Pérez, Alberto A Miranda-Pérez, Alhi A Gutiérrez-Salas, Jorge Haro-Santa Cruz, Francisco C López-Márquez","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0101","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2). COVID-19 can cause a cytokine release syndrome in which cytokines, including interleukin 17 (IL-17), are massively secreted in response to a specific stimulus. This can contribute to mortality and severe forms of COVID-19. The study aimed to determine the association of SARS-CoV2 infection with the <i>IL-17A</i> rs2275913 and <i>IL-17F</i> rs763780 variants, as well as with the associated comorbidities in COVID-19-positive Mexican patients. The study included 178 patients positive to COVID-19 and 177 COVID-19 negative subjects. For genotyping, the samples were amplified with a TaqMan<sup>®</sup> probe. There was no association between the AA genotype and A allele of IL-17A variant or the <i>IL-17F</i> C allele with the presence of COVID-19. In regard to comorbidities, a statistically significant association was found between <i>IL-17A</i> rs2275913 AA genotype and hypertension, as well as with the presence of obesity (<i>P</i> = 0.003, OR 23, 95% CI: 2.97-178.092 and <i>P</i> = 0.025, OR 28, 95% CI: 1.52-178.029, respectively) in patients with COVID-19. In conclusion, rs2275913 <i>IL-17A</i> polymorphism in COVID-19 patients seems to confer a higher susceptibility to the presence of hypertension and obesity, increasing the risk of premature cardiovascular disease in this population. However, more studies should be conducted for a better understanding of their relation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"60-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cytokines 2023: 11th Annual Meeting of the International Cytokine and Interferon Society. 细胞因子 2023：国际细胞因子和干扰素学会第 11 届年会。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0207
Mary McCabe
{"title":"Cytokines 2023: 11th Annual Meeting of the International Cytokine and Interferon Society.","authors":"Mary McCabe","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0207","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"94-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139570590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interleukin-6 Family of Cytokines in Cancers. 癌症中的白细胞介素-6 家族细胞因子
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0103
Iwona Zaporowska-Stachowiak, Michał Springer, Katarzyna Stachowiak, Mary Oduah, Maciej Sopata, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis, Wiesław Bryl
{"title":"Interleukin-6 Family of Cytokines in Cancers.","authors":"Iwona Zaporowska-Stachowiak, Michał Springer, Katarzyna Stachowiak, Mary Oduah, Maciej Sopata, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis, Wiesław Bryl","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0103","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nine soluble ligands [interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-11 (IL-11), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), cardiotrophin-like cytokine, interleukin-27 (IL-27), and interleukin-31] share the ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein-glycoprotein-130 beta-subunit (gp130) and thus form IL-6 family cytokines. Proteins that may be important for cancerogenesis, CT-1, IL-11, IL-27, LIF, OSM, and CNTF, belong to the superfamily of IL-6. Cytokines such as IL-6, IL-11, and IL-27 are better investigated in comparison with other members of the same family of cytokines, eg, CT-1. Gp130 is one of the main receptors through which these cytokines exert their effects. The clinical implication of understanding the pathways of these cytokines in oncology is that targeted therapy to inhibit or potentiate cytokine activity may lead to remission in some cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"45-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
C-C Motif Chemokine 2 Regulates Macrophage Polarization and Contributes to Myocardial Infarction Healing. C-C Motif趋化因子2调控巨噬细胞极化并促进心肌梗死愈合
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0132
Liangwei Chen, Dihao Pan, Yiran Zhang, Enfan Zhang, Liang Ma
{"title":"C-C Motif Chemokine 2 Regulates Macrophage Polarization and Contributes to Myocardial Infarction Healing.","authors":"Liangwei Chen, Dihao Pan, Yiran Zhang, Enfan Zhang, Liang Ma","doi":"10.1089/jir.2023.0132","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jir.2023.0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophages are crucial immune cells that play essential roles in the healing of myocardial infarction (MI), undergoing continuous polarization throughout this process. C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) is a chemokine that regulates inflammatory responses during MI. However, the extent to which CCL2 influences macrophage polarization and MI healing remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigate the role of CCL2 in macrophage polarization and MI healing. Our findings reveal that CCL2 is differentially expressed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced M1 and interleukin (IL)-4-induced M2 RAW264.7 macrophages. Knockdown of CCL2 attenuates TNF-α secretion stimulated by LPS, while overexpression of CCL2 mitigates IL-10 production triggered by IL-4 in these macrophages. Moreover, CCL2 deficiency disrupts LPS-induced M1 polarization, whereas CCL2 overexpression reduces M2 polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by IL-4. Further exploration indicates that the promotion of M1 polarization by CCL2 is significantly impaired by inhibition of the p38-mediated MAPK pathway and NF-κB pathway. In a MI mouse model, CCL2 knockdown remarkably reduces infarct size, collagen synthesis, and the expression of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy markers. The activity of the p38-mediated MAPK pathway and NF-κB pathway is downregulated by CCL2 knockdown as well. Additionally, the number of total macrophages and M1 macrophages in the infarct decreases, while the number of M2 macrophages increases upon CCL2 deficiency. In conclusion, these results suggest that CCL2 is a key regulator of macrophage polarization, controlling MI healing <i>in vivo</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":16261,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research","volume":" ","pages":"68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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