Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献

{"title":"The influence of pathological conditions on vocal cord’s displacement: A numerical method and data analysis","authors":"Nur Fatin Amirah Mohd Rodzi ,&nbsp;Shazalina Mat Zin ,&nbsp;Syatirah Mat Zin","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, one-mass model of vocal cord is solved by using cubic trigonometric B-spline (CTBS) in order to generate displacements of healthy and pathological vocal cord. By utilizing CTBS, this work aims to investigate the relationship between five vocal cord conditions and its displacements generation throughout phonation process. The approximate displacements derived from CTBS are then compared to displacement generated by ode45 built-in solver through MATLAB software. The errors from both methods are then calculated which represented the effectiveness of the CTBS method in generating vocal cord displacements. Any discrepancies between the results generated by using CTBS and ode45 can be analysed to prove the reliability of CTBS method. Besides, an error analysis is demonstrated in order to quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of the approximate solutions. The generated approximate displacements of CTBS have shown to be approximately close to ode45 results. Thus, it can be concluded that CTBS is a reliable numerical method. The relationship between vocal cord conditions and its generated displacements has represented the distinction between healthy and pathological vocal cord outcomes. Healthy vocal cord has generated a steady decline displacements value while vocal cords with pathological condition have generated fluctuated displacement values throughout the phases of phonation process. The fluctuation trend of displacements value has revealed the irregular displacements value generation which is one of pathological vocal cord feature caused by low stiffness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annealing effects on bio-fabricated nickel oxide nanoparticles for environmental remediation: Photocatalytic dye degradation and antimicrobial activity","authors":"Monisha Ganesan ,&nbsp;Ambrose Rejo Jeice ,&nbsp;Prammitha Rajaram","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The work aims to generate highly active NiO nanoparticles (NPs) using a green method that uses <em>Annona Reticulata</em> leaf extract. This strategy affects the variance in annealing calefactions, hence mitigating the issue of aqua pollution. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX), TGDTA and adsorption–desorption isotherm are used to characterize produced NiO NPs. The phase structure as cubic of prepared specimens was observed to vary between 300 and 700 °C, according to the XRD pattern. From the UV–Vis absorbance spectra, bandgap determination of NiO NPs found in the 3.6–4 eV range. Nanoplatelets-shaped morphology with 43–47 nm particle size was determined using SEM snapshots. The destruction of organic contaminants, such as Crystal Violet (90.37 %) and Malachite green (93.33 %), was achieved in 120 min under UV light irradiation. To examine the zone of inhibition (ZOI) of the antimicrobial activity of green-produced NiO NPs against <em>Serratia marcescens (19.2 mm), Bacillus cereus (19 mm)</em>, and <em>Aspergillus niger (22.3 mm)</em>, experiments were conducted, and the efficiency was in the order of NiO(300 °C) &gt; NiO(700 °C) &gt; NiO(500 °C). There was strong photocatalytic degradation and antibacterial activity when the sample was calcined at 300 °C. Therefore, wastewater and biomedical treatment could potentially benefit from its use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HSPiP and quality by design aided optimized bioanalytical method development for amphotericin B quantification from plasma samples","authors":"Mohhammad Ramzan ,&nbsp;Tasneem Khan ,&nbsp;Arusha Ayub ,&nbsp;Mudassar Shahid","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amphotericin-b (AmB) is a broad-spectrum polyene macrolide antifungal and anti-<em>Leishmaniosis</em>. We addressed HSPiP and QbD (quality by design) oriented HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) method development and validation, followed by identifying critical attributes on retention time (RT) and peak area (PA). Various quality control parameters were estimated, such as the LLOQ (lower limit of quantification) and LLOD (lower limit of detection). HSPiP and experimental solubility data were the best fit in the prediction. QbD identified acetic acid (AA) pH, column temperature, and flow rate as the prime factors having an impact on PA and RT. The optimized mobile phase included AA, acetonitrile, and methanol (05:85:10) at pH 5 fluxed into the column maintained at 30 °C. The method was sensitive, as evidenced by the low values of LLOQ (1.6 ng/mL) and LLOD (10 ng/mL) and high recovery from the plasma. The method determined pharmacokinetic parameters from the rat plasma with high accuracy, precision, robustness, sensitivity, and reproducibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antibiogram pattern of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in individuals with sickle cell disease. A retrospective study, hematological and genetic analysis","authors":"Adel A. Abdulmanea ,&nbsp;Naiyf S. Alharbi ,&nbsp;Ali M. Somily ,&nbsp;Osamah T. Khojah ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Farrag ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Alobaidi ,&nbsp;Jamal M. Khaled","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103542","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The prevalence of &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; in the circulation (bacteremia) of individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) may provide a substantial risk for illness and death. Strains of &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; exhibit a wide variety of virulence traits, including the ability to generate various toxins and develop treatment resistance. MRSA is characterized by its resistance to a range of beta-lactam antibiotics. This study’s objectives included assessing the frequency of &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; infection in SCA patients, analyzing laboratory markers of the CBC test, examining the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and investigating the &lt;em&gt;mecA&lt;/em&gt; gene and heteroresistance, which could potentially link to a higher occurrence of &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; infection in SCA patients. The retrospective study was done to gather clinical data on individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) who had bloodstream infections. From 2017 to 2021, blood samples and data were gathered by King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; strains were re-cultivation, Vitek system and PCR techniques were employed to ascertain the antibiotic resistance patterns. It was confirmed that 2406 patients with SCD had contracted an infection. A total of 138 (5.73 %) patients with SCD were diagnosed with bacteremia. “Of the 138 strains isolated, the MRSA strain revealed as the most prevailing, including 30 isolates (21.7 %), whereas non-MRSA strains constituted 17 isolates (12.3 %).” Males had a higher rate of infection compared to females. The results indicated that all the &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; isolates exhibited resistance to ampicillin, while the resistance to penicillin was 98 %. Furthermore, the results indicated that over 65 % of the isolates exhibited resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin, cefazolin, imipenem, and oxacillin. The &lt;em&gt;mecA&lt;/em&gt; gene was identified in all &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; strains obtained from patients with SCD. The current study recognizes the PCR assay as a more dependable technique for assessing antibiotic resistances, in contrast to the Vitek method. A study found strong links between &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; infections in individuals with SCD and three different factors: hemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular volume (RDW), and white blood cell (WBC) count (p &lt; 0.004, 0.005, and 0.02, respectively). The study revealed that 34 % of the &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; strains that were examined exhibited heteroresistance to the &lt;em&gt;mecA&lt;/em&gt; gene as well as resistance to oxacillin. The results clearly demonstrated that Ampicillin, Penicillin, amoxicillin, cefazolin, imipenem, and oxacillin are unsuitable choices for the treatment of blood infections in individuals with SCD. “The findings of this study confirmed that all &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, and more than 80 % of the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, clindamycin, and vancomycin.” Further investigation is nec","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing and formulation technology of nutritional and functional food products by utilizing cheese and/or paneer whey: A critical review","authors":"Deepak Kumar Verma ,&nbsp;Ami R. Patel ,&nbsp;Soubhagya Tripathy ,&nbsp;Alok Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Smita Singh ,&nbsp;Nihir Shah ,&nbsp;Gemilang Lara Utama ,&nbsp;Mónica L. Chávez-González ,&nbsp;Koka Zongo ,&nbsp;Kolawole Banwo ,&nbsp;Alaa Kareem Niamah ,&nbsp;Cristobal Noe Aguilar","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whey is an excellent source of proteins, with a high biological value and essential elements in addition to the proteins it contains. Additionally, it possesses a number of characteristics that are exclusive to it. Whey has been “rediscovered” in recent years and is now being used in a wider variety of food recipes as a result of the features discussed here in the present review paper. It’s possible that using whey instead of the “nutrient goldmine” will be more “economical.” Consumers who are educated on the role that whey plays in human nutrition and are aware of its significance are more likely to be interested in purchasing food products that include whey. Due to the nutritional and functional features that whey possesses, it has been included into a wide variety of food compositions, such as dairy-based products, biofunctional components, confectionary products, and beverages that are both refreshing and nutritious. In this review, several types of food products and beverages containing whey that have been produced so far by researchers from all over the world are described, along with their processing characteristics, sensory attributes, and commercial potential. Moreover, this paper delves into the potential applications of probiotic and functional whey-based products within the realms of biofunctional and therapeutic relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-herbal combination targets apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Cheryl Grace Pratiwi Rumahorbo,&nbsp;Syafruddin Ilyas","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study evaluates the synergistic effects of the nano-herbal combination of <em>Bischofia javanica</em> leaves and <em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em> fruits on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a metastatic keratinocyte malignancy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: a negative control group (K0), an OSCC-induced control group (K1), and four treatment groups (P1-P4), which received oral treatments for four weeks. Blood samples were analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, while immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-10, and MDA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nano-herbal treatment significantly reduced MDA levels, particularly in groups P3 and P4, with reductions comparable to those seen in the Vitamin C treatment group (p &lt; 0.05). SOD levels were highest in group P3 (p &lt; 0.05), similar to the negative control group (K0), while VEGF levels were significantly elevated in the positive control group (K1) (p &lt; 0.05). Group P3 exhibited the highest expression of HSP-70 (p &lt; 0.05). Caspase-3 expression was significantly higher in P3 compared to K1 (p = 0.0007), while caspase-8 and caspase-10 expressions were also significantly elevated in groups P2, P3, and P4 (p &lt; 0.05). Group P3 showed the most pronounced effects in promoting apoptosis, with caspase-3 and caspase-8 levels markedly higher compared to K1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combined nano-herbal formulations of <em>Bischofia javanica</em> leaves and <em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em> fruits effectively mitigates oxidative stress, induces apoptosis, and holds potential as a therapeutic approach for managing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Parkinson’s disease biopathology and drug discovery by dual cellular modelling","authors":"PinFen Chua ,&nbsp;Nurr Maria Ulfa Seruji ,&nbsp;Mas Atikah Lizazman ,&nbsp;Vivien Yi Mian Jong ,&nbsp;William K. Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder in the world. Its pathologic hallmarks are dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra and alpha-synuclein accumulation in neurons. However, the patho-biologic mechanisms are largely unknown. Current drugs cannot slow or halt disease progression while clinical trials are mostly unsuccessful. Hence better cellular models are needed for pathological and drug discovery studies prior to <em>in vivo</em> validation. PC12 cells are commonly used for neurotoxicity studies but the Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) variant has a faster doubling time and higher basal rate of neurite growth. We developed a NS-1 PD model with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and MTT cell viability assay as readout. We optimized 6-OHDA concentration to a uniquely low 10 µM for a closer approximation to <em>in vivo</em> neurotoxicity. NS-1 cells treated with 6-OHDA displayed hallmark dopamine loss and apoptotic cell death. We used the model to screen a series of xanthones − polyphenolic compounds found in many medicinal plants. We report a novel activity of thwaitesixanthone in the PD model. The model was validated using alpha-mangostin (a neuroprotectant in <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> PD models) which was the most active in restoring cell viability. Alpha-synuclein is now a therapeutic target for stopping PD progression. Human HEK293 cells have neuronal attributes and reported to express pathologic alpha-synuclein. We hypothesized the transfection-efficient HEK293T cells is an optimal cell line for monitoring human alpha-synuclein levels. We make the first report that 6-OHDA treatment increased pathologic alpha-synuclein expression in HEK293T cells. This alpha-synucleinopathy model was validated using alpha-mangostin which attenuated 6-OHDA-induced pathologic alpha-synuclein to baseline levels. Thus we developed a novel NS-1 PD model more representative of <em>in vivo</em> neurotoxicity complemented by a human HEK293T cell-based alpha-synucleinopathy model for tracking pathologic alpha-synuclein levels. We present these dual models for producing <em>in vitro</em> findings with increased likelihood of clinical translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interbreed differences in iron concentration in cattle organs and tissues","authors":"Kirill Narozhnykh,&nbsp;Valeriy Petukhov,&nbsp;Tatiana Konovalova,&nbsp;Olga Sebezhko,&nbsp;Olga Korotkevich","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the differences in iron accumulation in organs and tissues of cattle bred in ecologically robust zones of Western Siberia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors presented 486 samples of the muscle, hair, heart, liver, kidneys, and spleen from three breeds of bulls. The authors examined 84 Black Pied, Hereford, and Holstein bulls aged 16–18 months. The Black Pied bulls were bred in the Ubinsky district of the Novosibirsk region, Russia, the Hereford bulls were bred in the Maslyaninsky district of the Novosibirsk region, and the Holstein bulls were bred in the Promyshlensky district of the Kemerovo region, Russia. The authors studied the chemical composition of organs and muscle tissue using atomic absorption spectrometry with flame and electrothermal atomization using an MGA-1000 spectrometer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median iron concentrations in the muscle, hair, heart, liver, kidneys, and spleen were 16.5–49.1, 22.3–130, 42–70, 56.5–68.3, 39.3–52.2, and 252.2–472 mg/kg, respectively. The authors recorded the highest iron concentration in the spleen, where its concentration was significantly higher than in other organs, regardless of the breed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The breed significantly affected the iron content in muscle tissue, heart, kidneys, hair, and spleen. The iron concentrations in muscle tissue, heart, and spleen were higher in Black Pied cattle, and iron concentrations in hair were lower in Holstein and Hereford cattle. Multivariate statistical methods showed high phenotypic similarity in iron accumulation in organs and tissues between Hereford and Holstein cattle. Animals’ breed and age should be considered when developing regional standards for iron content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HLA-G gene polymorphisms as predictors of survival in colorectal cancer: A unified machine learning approach","authors":"Marwa Hasni ,&nbsp;Sabrine Dhouioui ,&nbsp;Nadia Boujelbene ,&nbsp;Youssef Harrath ,&nbsp;Abdel Halim Harrath ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ali Ayadi ,&nbsp;Ines Zemni ,&nbsp;Safa Bhar Layeb ,&nbsp;Ines Zidi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA-G) is a potent molecule involved in immune-tolerance. Here, we investigated the contribution of HLA-G gene polymorphisms (14 bp Ins/Del and +3142C/G) for accurate prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC) overall survival (OS) status. Our study presents a comprehensive investigation of the prognostic value of HLA-G genotypes and haplotypes in predicting OS status in 266 Tunisian patients with CRC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a machine learning (ML)-based framework described below: (1) A dimensionality reduction approach was used to examine evidence of an association between HLA-G genotypes and OS status. (2) Decision-tree ML models were used to explore the performance of the HLA-G genotype as a relevant contributing feature to accurately predict OS status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div> <!-->HLA-G polymorphisms were highly predictive of OS status when a random forest classifier was used. The HLA-G 14 bp Ins/Del polymorphism outperformed the HLA-G + 3142C/G polymorphism as a predictor of OS. The Del/Del genotype was associated with worse OS and the G/G genotype was associated with favorable OS. The InsC haplotype predicted a favorable prognosis, and the DelG haplotype predicted a worse OS. The combined prediction demonstrated, with 100 % precision and high accuracy, that Del/Del genotype associated with key clinical features, can efficiently predict worse OS. The results were evaluated through an external validation process to ensure their reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We demonstrated the potential of HLA-G gene polymorphisms as robust candidate biomarkers to predict OS in CRC patients. The research on the HLA-G gene presents a promising avenue for developing an innovative decision-making tool to identify candidates for personalized therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of FokI, Tru91, and ApaI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with the development of polycystic ovarian syndrome: A molecular genetic study","authors":"Walaa Talal Abdul-Lateef ,&nbsp;Mushtak T.S. Al-Ouqaili ,&nbsp;Rafal M. Murshid","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div><strong>P</strong>olycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The study aims to identify the impact of vitamin D receptor encoding genes (FokI, Tru91, and ApaI) on the contribution and development of PCOS, in addition to their effect on AMH levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>The study included 80 patients and 25 healthy individuals. The concentrations of free testosterone, vitamin D, and AMH were determined. PCR-RFLP was applied to identify vitamin D receptors in the FokI, Tru91, and ApaI SNPs. Sanger sequencing was performed on each of these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Increase free testosterone and AMH levels 48 (60 %) and 65 (81.3 %), respectively and reduced vitamin D levels (56 (70 % were predictors of PCOS. Regarding FOKI polymorphisms, the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (CT) was significantly greater (OR = 2.96, P &lt; 0.05) in the PCOS group than in the healthy group. There was a three-fold increase in the prevalence of the ApaI genotype in PCOS patients versus controls (the odds ratio for the CC homozygous genotype was 3.43 with P &gt; 0.05). In Tru91 polymorphism, the AA and GG were associated with risk factors for PCOS susceptibility (OR = 2.78, P &lt; 0.05) (OR = 3.04, P &gt; 0.05), whilst AG was a protective factor (OR = 0.24, P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A relationship between high levels of free testosterone, AMH levels, and vitamin D deficiency was observed. Furthermore, all genetic models’ VDR FokI, ApaI, and VDR Tru91 polymorphisms are linked to PCOS susceptibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}