Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献

{"title":"Tangeretin alleviates malathion-instigated testicular toxicity via ameliorating biochemical, apoptotic, hormonal & steroidogenic markers","authors":"Shama Mustafa ,&nbsp;Rabia Azmat ,&nbsp;Moazama Batool ,&nbsp;Mohammad Z. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mian Nadeem Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphate pesticide that instigates severe injuries in the testicular tissues. Tangeretin (TGN) is an important naturally present flavone that shows potential antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. This research was planned to ascertain the palliative role of TGN against MLT-instigated testicular toxicity in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. 48 rats were distributed into 4 groups: control, MLT (100 mgkg⁻¹), MLT+TGN (100 + 50 mgkg⁻¹ respectively), and TGN (50 mgkg⁻¹). The results showed that MLT exposure reduced the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH), whereas escalated the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Moreover, it decreased the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), plasma testosterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). MLT also reduced the expressions of steroidogenic enzymes, including StAR, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD. Additionally, MLT exposure increased the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3, while reducing the Bcl-2 expressions. MLT administration also increased the levels of inflammatory markers such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (1L-1β) as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity in testes. Nonetheless, TGN recovered all the MLT induced damages in testes. In conclusion, TGN could ameliorate MLT instigated testicular impairment because of its anti-apoptotic, androgenic and anti-oxidant properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142318922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin has a protective impact on human umbilical vein endothelial cells against tungsten carbide cobalt nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis","authors":"Wed Alharthi,&nbsp;Daoud Ali,&nbsp;Khadijah N. Yaseen,&nbsp;Bader O Almutairi,&nbsp;Saud Alarifi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxidative stress is a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of various cancer diseases. In fact, oxidative DNA damage is described as the type of damage probably to occur in cancer cells. This study examined the protective impact of the polyphenolic compound quercetin on human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells against tungsten carbide cobalt nanoparticles (WC-Co NPs)-induced oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. One of the most often used models for studying endothelial cells in vitro is the human umbilical vein epithelial cell. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to measure the size of the NPs prior to WC-Co NPs treatment. WC-Co NPs had a polygonal form and measured 45.26 ± 1 nm in size. Using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT),<!--> <!-->neutral red uptake<!--> <strong>(</strong>NRU) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, the cytotoxicity of WC-Co NPs on HUVECs cells was assessed. The cytotoxicity of NPs increased in a concentration-dependent way. The MTT result was used to calculate the median inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) for HUVEC cells at 24 h, which came out to be 23.14 μg/ml. Intracellular reactive oxygen species<!--> <!-->(ROS) and lipid peroxidation<!--> <!-->(LPO) levels were elevated at 17 g/ml WC-Co NPs and then reduced in HUVECs cells upon immediate exposure to 150 µM quercetin (QR). Using JC-1 staining, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential<!--> <!-->(MMP) in control, WC-Co NPs alone and WC-Co NPs plus QR exposed cell were evaluated. In HUVECs cells, maximum apoptotic cells were seen at increasing NPs concentrations. Based on the impacts of NPs on HUVECs cells, the data suggests that QR may work on the process of scavenging ROS, which is responsible for DNA repair. Consequently, the above findings highlight the significance of these QR as defenses against DNA damage brought on by oxidative stress, which frequently happens in a number of cancer disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003495/pdfft?md5=3b408b420f815338fa52101d6aaa3234&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003495-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycine betaine application improved seed cotton yield and economic returns under deficit irrigation","authors":"Emrah Ramazanoglu ,&nbsp;Nimet Kılınçoğlu ,&nbsp;Vedat Beyyavas ,&nbsp;Cevher İlhan Cevheri ,&nbsp;Erdal Sakin ,&nbsp;Ahmet Çelik","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Deficit irrigation exerts devastating effects on the productivity and economic returns of cotton crop, as well as carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission from soil. Osmolytes play a significant role in facilitating the adaptation of cotton plants to abiotic stresses and improve productivity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study investigated the effects of different osmolytes (glycine betaine, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid 100 mg L⁻¹ each) and deficit irrigation (50 %-I₅₀, 75 %-I₇₅, and 100 %-I₁₀₀) on seed cotton yield, greenhouse gas emission (CO₂-C), emission factor (EFs) and economic returns of cotton in Southern Anatolia, Türkiye.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Deficit irrigation and osmolyte treatment, both separately and in combination, had a substantial impact on seed cotton yield, CO₂-C emission and EFs. The lowest (3800 kg ha⁻¹) and the highest (4746 kg ha⁻¹) seed cotton yield was noted under I₅₀, and I₁₀₀ treatments, respectively. Similarly, no osmolyte application and application of glycine betaine resulted in the lowest (4097 kg ha⁻¹) and the highest (4545 kg ha⁻¹) seed cotton yield, respectively. The interactive effect indicated that application of glycine betaine and salicylic acid produced better yield than control treatment under all irrigation treatments. The lowest (1.55) and the highest (1.94 mg) CO₂-C emission (mg CO₂-C m⁻² h⁻¹) was recorded for I₅₀, and I₁₀₀ treatments respectively. Likewise, the lowest (1.52) and the highest (2.19) daily carbon emission were recorded for salicylic acid and glycine betaine application, respectively. The lowest and the highest EFs values were observed for glycine betaine and ascorbic acid application, respectively. Application of glycine betaine resulted in the highest economic returns under all irrigation treatments which was comparable to salicylic acid, whereas the lower economic returns were recorded for control treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is concluded that application of glycine betaine can be used to improve seed cotton yield and economic returns under deficit irrigation. Similarly, glycine betaine proved helpful in reducing CO₂-C emission under deficit irrigation compared to normal irrigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003574/pdfft?md5=ae4d3f4ac44846867de1e10196698ef7&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003574-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-aggregation potential of polyphenols from Ajwa date palm (Phoenix dactylifera): An in-silico analysis","authors":"Abdulaziz Bin Dukhyil ,&nbsp;Qamar Zia ,&nbsp;Md Tabish Rehman ,&nbsp;Mohammad Z. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Saeed Banawas ,&nbsp;Azfar Jamal ,&nbsp;Mohammad Owais ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alsaweed ,&nbsp;Yaser E. Alqurashi ,&nbsp;Munerah Hamed ,&nbsp;Danish Iqbal ,&nbsp;Mohamed El Oirdi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Aatif","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Amyloid β (Aβ) fibril agglomeration is crucial in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) etiology, leading to significant harm to the central nervous system. Polyphenols have been investigated for their capacity to hinder Aβ agglomeration.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This investigation aimed to assess the potential of Ajwa date palm (<em>Phoenix dactylifera</em>)-based bioactives in binding and disrupting resilient Aβ_1-42 fibrils through in-silico studies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The primary phytochemicals present in date palms were subjected to molecular docking with three different conformers of Aβ_1-42 and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis. The stability of the system was assessed through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>It was noted that Diosmetin, Rutin, and Genistein effectively bind with 2BEG, 2MXU, and 2NAO fibrils, respectively, with docking energies ranging from −7.2 to −8.2 kcal/mol. Diosmetin, Rutin, and Genistein show notable pharmacokinetic variability, with LogP values from −1.69–2.58, with 1–6 rotatable bonds, and total polar surface areas (TPSA) between 112.52 and 240.90 Å², characteristics important for drug candidacy evaluation. Their ADMET properties include solubility values of −3.238 to −3.595 mol/L, intestinal absorption of 23.4–93.4%, and VDss ranging from 0.094 to 1.663 L/kg. The ensuing MS simulations spanning 100 ns, illuminated the establishment of a robust peptide-chemical complex. Hydrophobic interactions, ionic and hydrogen bonds play a critical role in the ligand binding with their respective targets.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings underscore the potential of these botanicals as leads for developing potent Aβ agglomeration inhibitors. However, before introducing into clinical settings, these findings need to be validated further.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003367/pdfft?md5=88a376ebbcb9a1ab804e4da8b56cb542&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003367-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and biocompatibility of neem/chitosan coated silk sutures for infection control and wound healing","authors":"Urwah Rasheed ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naeem Kiani ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shoaib Butt ,&nbsp;Hina Saeed ,&nbsp;Rumeza Hanif ,&nbsp;Sidra Anwar","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The surgical site infections cost 0.5 % of the annual budget of the hospitals. Therefore, present research aimed to develop and evaluate antibacterial Neem/chitosan-coated silk braided sutures to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired surgical site infections. The silk braided sutures were coated by dip-coating technique by using 5, 10, 15 and 20 % concentrations of ethanolic Neem extract and chitosan. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile strength measurements were used to examine the surface morphology, chemical composition, and tensile strength of the coated sutures. At a 20 % concentration, the sutures showed strong antibacterial action against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, with inhibition zones of 15 and 19 mm, respectively. Additionally, the sutures demonstrated low cytotoxicity in the MTT assay, good radical scavenging activity, and hemolytic activity of less than 2 % at all concentrations. The sutures for the in vivo investigation were coated at a concentration of 20 % since this concentration showed the best antibacterial action. The rats were incised on both sides of their spine, with the left side stitched with uncoated sutures, and the right side stitched with coated sutures. The wound was inoculated with <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> and examined for 7 days. The results indicated complete healing of the wound at the site where the coated sutures were applied. On other hand, wound with uncoated suture was still not completely healed and revealed signs of infection. The in vivo study revealed the efficacy of Neem/chitosan-coated sutures in wound healing and infection control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003471/pdfft?md5=cda97c1e2a74f5f50f785079a958700f&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003471-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico analysis of LPMO inhibition by ethylene precursor ACCA to combat potato late blight","authors":"Najla A. Alshaikh ,&nbsp;Kahkashan Perveen ,&nbsp;Sandip Debnath ,&nbsp;Amitava Paul ,&nbsp;Ong Ghim Hock ,&nbsp;R.Z. Sayyed","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Potato late blight (PLB), caused by the pathogen <em>Phytophthora infestans</em>, severely threatens potato production worldwide. This study investigates the potential of the ethylene precursor 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACCA) to inhibit Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases (LPMOs) in <em>P. infestans</em>, a key protein involved in the disease’s pathogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that ACCA significantly enhances the immune response in potato plants against <em>P. infestans</em>, with a binding energy of −8.85 kcal/mol. Integrating ACCA treatment into existing PLB management strategies could offer a novel and sustainable approach to combat this devastating disease. This research provides valuable insights into reducing the global impact of PLB and improving food security through innovative control measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003483/pdfft?md5=1d96247ec26bdca21074a126b7ef39d1&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003483-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed priming and soil application of Zinc improved yield and shoot Zn concentration of corn (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Inci Tolay","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a serious issue which negatively affects yield and quality of different crops. Various crop species and cultivars exhibit varying responses to Zn application with diverse techniques. Improved seed germination and subsequent seedling establishment in corn has been observed by Zn application via seed priming. This improvement in early growth stages ultimately leads to higher yields of grains enriched with Zn.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The current greenhouse study evaluated the impact of ZnSO₄ (5 mM solution) seed priming durations (i.e., 1, 10, 30 and 60 min) on dry matter yield and shoot Zn concentration on corn (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) grown on different soil types (Zn-deficit and Zn-sufficient) (soil supplementation with Zn) soils. Unprimed seeds were taken as control for comparison. Chlorophyll index, dry matter yield and shoot Zn concentration were recorded at 20 and 25 days after emergence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seed priming with ZnSO₄ for 60 min significantly improved chlorophyll index on Zn-deficit (1.44 %–5.72 %), and Zn-sufficient (2.28 %–2.97 %) soil. Similarly, dry matter yield was improved by 32.45 %–58.20 % on Zn-deficit and 0–3.79 % on Zn-sufficient soil by the seeds primed for 60 min compared to unprimed seeds. Likewise, ZnSO₄ seed priming for 60 min improved shoot Zn concentration by 17.21 %–32.83 %, and 0 %–11.85 % on Zn-deficit and Zn-sufficient soils, respectively. The improvements in the recorded traits were directly proportional to priming duration. A higher improvement in the recorded traits was recorded on Zn-deficit soil than Zn-sufficient soil. However, the values of the traits on Zn-deficit soil were ∼50 % less than those observed from Zn-sufficient soil.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Growth and Zn accumulation in corn was increased with increasing priming duration. However, seed priming alone was insufficient to improve shoot Zn concentration. This might be attributed to low priming duration. Therefore, future studies with longer priming duration are needed to reach sound conclusions. Nonetheless, both seed priming and soil application of Zn are required to improve growth and shoot Zn concentration of corn on Zn-deficit soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003458/pdfft?md5=21f55518344e689df5b59b80227b4f7d&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003458-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and toxicity evaluation of chitosan/ZnO nanocompoite as promising nano-biopolymer for treatment of synthetic wastewater","authors":"Syeda Khola Tazeen ,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal Khan Niazi ,&nbsp;Manal Abdulaziz Binobead ,&nbsp;Temoor Ahmed ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahid","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanotechnology advances wastewater treatment through the application of Nano entities that optimize contaminant removal and enhance water purification efficacy. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, subsequently, a chitosan/ZnO nanocomposite (CS/ZnO NC) was prepared for removing reactive black 5 (RB-5) dye from synthetic wastewater. The biosynthesized nanomaterials were characterized using UV–VIS, FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. The UV–Vis absorbance peaks at 370 nm and 350 nm corresponded to the characteristic surface plasmon resonance of ZnO NPs and the CS/ZnO NC, respectively. Additionally, FTIR analysis identified the various functional groups associated with ZnO NPs and the CS/ZnO NC. XRD analysis revealed their crystallinity to be approximately 22.44 and 25.76, respectively. The SEM images of ZnO NPs and the CS/ZnO NC show hexagonal plate-like particles with sizes of 33.66 nm and 38.64 nm, respectively. Four concentrations of ZnO NPs and CS/ZnO NC (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL) were evaluated for RB-5 degradation at three different levels (25, 50, and 100 mg/L). Statistical analysis showed that chitosan/ZnO NC achieved 95 % dye degradation, compared to 81 % degradation with the same amount of ZnO nanoparticles. Furthermore, a pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the phytotoxicity effects of treated wastewater on wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum L</em>.). Both ZnO NPs and CS/ZnO NC did not significantly affect the viability of epithelial retinal cell lines at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL, suggesting a safe cytotoxic profile within this dosage range. Overall, CS/ZnO NC proved effective for treating industrial wastewater, making it suitable for recycling in agricultural applications</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003446/pdfft?md5=be0f1ec54223b1fbdd36a00749e6f773&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003446-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and toxicity studies of phytochemicals from Piper betle leaf extract","authors":"Thiti Sonphakdi ,&nbsp;Akio Tani ,&nbsp;Apirak Payaka ,&nbsp;Pakpimol Ungcharoenwiwat","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The methanolic and ethanolic <em>Piper betle</em> L. (PB) extracts (PBM and PBE, respectively) yielded 14.14 % and 8.23 %, respectively. The phytochemicals in the PB extract were alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and saponins, whereas steroids and pholbatannins were obtained from <em>Piper retrofractum</em> (PR) and <em>Glycosmis pentaphylla</em> (GP) extracts, and anthaquinones were found only in the GP extract. Furthermore, only the PB extract exhibited antibacterial activities against <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Bacillus cereus</em>, and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging 0.24–3.91 mg/mL. The highest bactericidal activity was observed against <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em>. PBM and PBE extracts had total phenolic contents of 130 ± 4.46 and 147.69 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, respectively, with scavenging activity (IC₅₀) of 0.03 mg/mL. The total phenolic contents were significantly decreased, whereas antibacterial activities remained stable (&gt;50 % at 65 °C for 12 h). Toxicity evaluation showed that PBM and PBE caused hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner, with IC₅₀ values of 0.24 and 0.44 mg/mL, respectively. Both extracts were moderately toxic to <em>Artemia salina</em> (LC₅₀ = 0.58–0.61 mg/mL). Finally, the PB extract exhibited inhibitory activities against lipase, glucoamylase, and trypsin. Based on these findings, crude extracts of PB have the potential to be used as antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and dietary supplements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003422/pdfft?md5=9b086f219ca3df4d894a78fde1234fc4&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003422-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A temperature-dependent investigation of the impact of metal nanoparticles on the structural integrity of serum albumin","authors":"Ajamaluddin Malik ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alamri ,&nbsp;Javed Masood Khan ,&nbsp;Nojood Altwaijry ,&nbsp;Abir Alamro ,&nbsp;Abdullah S. Alhomida ,&nbsp;Hamza Odeibat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shamsul Ola","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoparticles (NPs) have distinct properties due to their small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio. These characteristics result in unique features not seen in bulk materials. Metals, semiconductors, and polymers are among the many varieties. Nanomaterials are used in various industries, including medical, electronics, and environmental cleanup. However, their potential environmental and health consequences must be carefully considered. Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have received significant attention due to their outstanding physicochemical features and diverse applications in various sectors. MNPs are utilized in different fields, from electronics to health. Previously, the effect of various metal nanoparticles on the structure, stability, and functionality of metabolic enzymes was investigated. Copper (Cu) NPs were found to have significant negative impacts on these enzymes. The focus of the current investigation turned to serum albumin, a vital plasma protein containing oxidized cysteine residues. The findings demonstrated that NPs had a minor impact on the structure and stability of serum albumin, in contrast to the effects observed on reduced cysteine-containing enzymes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 9","pages":"Article 103419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364724003318/pdfft?md5=6d8f656608a97fa30650345a66e10e81&pid=1-s2.0-S1018364724003318-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}