Journal of insect physiology最新文献

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Morphological and structural characteristics of the elytra reduce impact damage to ladybird beetles 背甲的形态和结构特征可减少瓢虫的撞击损害。
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104630
Kaifei Fu , Jie Zhang , Jinbo Hu , Jianing Wu , Yunqiang Yang
{"title":"Morphological and structural characteristics of the elytra reduce impact damage to ladybird beetles","authors":"Kaifei Fu ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinbo Hu ,&nbsp;Jianing Wu ,&nbsp;Yunqiang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Beetle elytra act as natural protective covers and effectively shield their flexible abdomens and fragile hindwings from damage. The existing studies have attributed this contribution of the elytra to its honeycomb structures. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we used the seven-spotted ladybird beetle to demonstrate that both biological morphology and the hollow structure of the dome-like elytra combined to reduce damage during falling. The falling ladybird beetles had a high probability (59.52%) of hitting the ground with the costal edge of the elytra. This strategy could assist with converting the translational energy into rotational kinetic energy, resulting in the reduction of the impulse during falling. In addition, the hollow structures on the elytra could further absorb the residual impact energy. In the future, this biological paradigm could be used as a basis for the development of falling/landing techniques for advanced robots.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140021983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immune response in paper wasp workers: Task matters more than age 纸蜂工人的免疫反应:任务比年龄更重要
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104629
Amanda Prato , Eduardo Fernando Santos , Helena Mendes Ferreira , Cintia Akemi Oi , Fábio Santos do Nascimento , Markus J. Rantala , Indrikis Krams , André Rodrigues de Souza
{"title":"Immune response in paper wasp workers: Task matters more than age","authors":"Amanda Prato ,&nbsp;Eduardo Fernando Santos ,&nbsp;Helena Mendes Ferreira ,&nbsp;Cintia Akemi Oi ,&nbsp;Fábio Santos do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Markus J. Rantala ,&nbsp;Indrikis Krams ,&nbsp;André Rodrigues de Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Workers of social hymenopterans (ants, bees and wasps) display specific tasks depending on whether they are younger or older. The relative importance of behavior and age in modulating immune function has seldom been addressed. We compared the strength of encapsulation-melanization immune response (hereafter melanotic encapsulation) in paper wasps displaying age polyethism or experimentally prevented from behavioral specialization. Foragers of <em>Polybia paulista</em> had higher melanotic encapsulation than guards, regardless of their age. Nevertheless, melanotic encapsulation decreased with age when wasps were prevented from behavioral specialization. Thus, in this species, worker melanotic encapsulation seems more sensitive to task than age. Foraging is considered one of the riskier behaviors in terms of pathogen exposure, so upregulating melanotic encapsulation in foragers can possibly improve both individual and colony-level resistance against infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140021982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular basis of host plant recognition by silkworm larvae 家蚕幼虫识别寄主植物的分子基础
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104628
Haruka Endo , Kana Tsuneto , Dingze Mang , Wenjing Zhang , Takayuki Yamagishi , Katsuhiko Ito , Shinji Nagata , Ryoichi Sato
{"title":"Molecular basis of host plant recognition by silkworm larvae","authors":"Haruka Endo ,&nbsp;Kana Tsuneto ,&nbsp;Dingze Mang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Takayuki Yamagishi ,&nbsp;Katsuhiko Ito ,&nbsp;Shinji Nagata ,&nbsp;Ryoichi Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herbivorous insects can identify their host plants by sensing plant secondary metabolites as chemical cues. We previously reported the two-factor host acceptance system of the silkworm <em>Bombyx mori</em> larvae. The chemosensory neurons in the maxillary palp (MP) of the larvae detect mulberry secondary metabolites, chlorogenic acid (CGA), and isoquercetin (ISQ), with ultrahigh sensitivity, for host plant recognition and feeding initiation. Nevertheless, the molecular basis for the ultrasensitive sensing of these compounds remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that two gustatory receptors (Grs), BmGr6 and BmGr9, are responsible for sensing the mulberry compounds with attomolar sensitivity for host plant recognition by silkworm larvae. Calcium imaging assay using cultured cells expressing the silkworm putative sugar receptors (BmGr4-10) revealed that BmGr6 and BmGr9 serve as receptors for CGA and ISQ with attomolar sensitivity in human embryonic kidney 293T cells<em>.</em> CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of BmGr6 and BmGr9 resulted in a low probability of making a test bite of the mulberry leaves, suggesting that they lost the ability to recognize host leaves. Electrophysiological recordings showed that the loss of host recognition ability in the Gr-KO strains was due to a drastic decrease in MP sensitivity toward ISQ in BmGr6-KO larvae and toward CGA and ISQ in BmGr9-KO larvae. Our findings have revealed that the two Grs, previously considered to be sugar receptors, are molecules responsible for detecting plant phenolics in host plant recognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022191024000167/pdfft?md5=b408041d76c9d5c92596eff5c7ea4f3f&pid=1-s2.0-S0022191024000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139926537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Farnesol, a component of plant-derived honeybee-collected resins, shows JH-like effects in Apis mellifera workers 从蜜蜂采集的植物树脂中提取的一种成分--法尼醇(Farnesol)对蜜蜂工蜂具有类似 JH 的作用。
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104627
Raissa Bayker Vieira Silva , Valdeci Geraldo Coelho Júnior , Adolfo de Paula Mattos Júnior , Henrique Julidori Garcia , Ester Siqueira Caixeta Nogueira , Talita Sarah Mazzoni , Juliana Ramos Martins , Lívia Maria Rosatto Moda , Angel Roberto Barchuk
{"title":"Farnesol, a component of plant-derived honeybee-collected resins, shows JH-like effects in Apis mellifera workers","authors":"Raissa Bayker Vieira Silva ,&nbsp;Valdeci Geraldo Coelho Júnior ,&nbsp;Adolfo de Paula Mattos Júnior ,&nbsp;Henrique Julidori Garcia ,&nbsp;Ester Siqueira Caixeta Nogueira ,&nbsp;Talita Sarah Mazzoni ,&nbsp;Juliana Ramos Martins ,&nbsp;Lívia Maria Rosatto Moda ,&nbsp;Angel Roberto Barchuk","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Farnesol, a sesquiterpene found in all eukaryotes, precursor of juvenile hormone (JH) in insects, is involved in signalling, communication, and antimicrobial defence. Farnesol is a compound of floral volatiles, suggesting its importance in pollination and foraging behaviour. Farnesol is found in the resin of <em>Baccharis dracunculifolia</em>, from which honeybees elaborate the most worldwide marketable propolis. Bees use propolis to seal cracks in the walls, reinforce the wax combs, and as protection against bacteria and fungi. The introduction within a honeybee hive of a compound with potential hormonal activity can be a challenge to the colony survival, mainly because the transition from within-hive to outside activities of workers is controlled by JH. Here, we tested the hypothesis that exogenous farnesol alters the pacing of developing workers. The first assays showed that low doses of the JH precursor (0.1 and 0.01 µg) accelerate pharate-adult development, with high doses being toxic. The second assay was conducted in adult workers and demonstrated bees that received 0.2 µg farnesol showed more agitated behaviour than the control bees. If farnesol was used by <em>corpora allata</em> (CA) cells as a precursor of JH and this hormone was responsible for the observed behavioural alterations, these glands were expected to be larger after the treatment. Our results on CA measurements after 72 h of treatment showed bees that received farnesol had glands doubled in size compared to the control bees (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, we expected the expression of JH synthesis, JH degradation, and JH-response genes would be upregulated in the treated bees. Our results showed that indeed, the mean transcript levels of these genes were higher in the treated bees (significant for <em>methyl farnesoate epoxidase</em> and <em>juvenile hormone esterase, p</em> &lt; 0.05). These results suggest farnesol is used in honeybees as a precursor of JH, leading to increasing JH titres, and thus modulating the pacing of workers development. This finding has behavioural and ecological implications, since alterations in the dynamics of the physiological changes associated to aging in young honeybees may significantly impact colony balance in nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crop-emptying rate and nectar resource allocation in a nectivorous pollinator 一种食蜜传粉昆虫的作物排空率和花蜜资源分配。
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104617
Noah DeFino, Goggy Davidowitz
{"title":"Crop-emptying rate and nectar resource allocation in a nectivorous pollinator","authors":"Noah DeFino,&nbsp;Goggy Davidowitz","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In nectivorous pollinators, timing and pattern of allocation of consumed nectar affects fitness traits and foraging behavior. Differences in male and female behaviors can influence these allocation strategies. These physiological patterns are not well studied in Lepidoptera, despite them being important pollinators. In this study we investigate crop-emptying rate and nectar allocation in <em>Manduca sexta</em> (Sphingidae), and how sex and flight influence these physiological patterns. After a single feeding event, moths were dissected at fixed time intervals to measure crop volume and analyze sugar allocation to flight muscle and fat body. Then we compared sedentary and flown moths to test how activity may alter these patterns. Sedentary males and females emptied their crops six hours after a feeding event. Both males and females preferentially allocated these consumed sugars to fat body over flight muscle. Moths began to allocate to the fat body during crop-emptying and retained these nutrients long-term (four and a half days after a feeding event). Males allocated consumed sugar to flight muscles sooner and retained these allocated nutrients in the flight muscle longer than did females. Flight initiated increased crop-emptying in females, but had no effect on males. Flight did not significantly affect allocation to flight muscle or fat body in either sex. This study showed that there are inherent differences in male and female nectar sugar allocation strategies, but that male and female differences in crop-emptying rate are context dependent on flight activity. These differences in physiology may be linked to distinct ways males and females maximize their own fitness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139706919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plasticity of cold and heat stress tolerance induced by hardening and acclimation in the melon thrips 硬化和适应性诱导瓜蓟马对冷热胁迫耐受性的可塑性
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104619
Hua-Qian Cao , Jin-Cui Chen , Meng-Qing Tang , Min Chen , Ary A. Hoffmann , Shu-Jun Wei
{"title":"Plasticity of cold and heat stress tolerance induced by hardening and acclimation in the melon thrips","authors":"Hua-Qian Cao ,&nbsp;Jin-Cui Chen ,&nbsp;Meng-Qing Tang ,&nbsp;Min Chen ,&nbsp;Ary A. Hoffmann ,&nbsp;Shu-Jun Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extreme temperatures threaten species under climate change and can limit range expansions. Many species cope with changing environments through plastic changes. This study tested phenotypic changes in heat and cold tolerance under hardening and acclimation in the melon thrips, <em>Thrips palmi</em> Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), an agricultural pest of many vegetables. We first measured the critical thermal maximum (CT<sub>max</sub>) of the species by the knockdown time under static temperatures and found support for an injury accumulation model of heat stress. The inferred knockdown time at 39 °C was 82.22 min. Rapid heat hardening for 1 h at 35 °C slightly increased CT<sub>max</sub> by 1.04 min but decreased it following exposure to 31 °C by 3.46 min and 39 °C by 6.78 min. Heat acclimation for 2 and 4 days significantly increased CT<sub>max</sub> at 35 °C by 1.83, and 6.83 min, respectively. Rapid cold hardening at 0 °C and 4 °C for 2 h, and cold acclimation at 10 °C for 3 days also significantly increased cold tolerance by 6.09, 5.82, and 2.00 min, respectively, while cold hardening at 8 °C for 2 h and acclimation at 4 °C and 10 °C for 5 days did not change cold stress tolerance. Mortality at 4 °C for 3 and 5 days reached 24.07 % and 43.22 % respectively. Our study showed plasticity for heat and cold stress tolerance in <em>T. palmi</em>, but the thermal and temporal space for heat stress induction is narrower than for cold stress induction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139663976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Weak and strong phase response curves of the onion fly circadian clock at temperature changes of 1 °C and 4 °C 洋葱蝇昼夜节律钟在 1 °C 和 4 °C 温度变化时的弱相位和强相位响应曲线。
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104618
Yosuke Miyazaki , Kazuhiro Tanaka , Yasuhiko Watari
{"title":"Weak and strong phase response curves of the onion fly circadian clock at temperature changes of 1 °C and 4 °C","authors":"Yosuke Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Tanaka ,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Watari","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With increasing soil depth, the amplitude and phase of the daily temperature cycle decreases and is delayed, respectively. The onion fly, <em>Delia antiqua</em>, which pupates at a soil depth of 2–20 cm, advances the eclosion phase of its circadian clock as the temperature amplitude decreases. This “temperature-amplitude response” compensates for the depth-dependent phase delay of the temperature change and ensures eclosion in the early morning. To clarify the physiological mechanisms that induce a temperature-amplitude response, we performed phase-resetting experiments using a 12-h high- or low-temperature pulse with an amplitude of 1 °C or 4 °C. Based on the results obtained, four phase transition curves and four phase response curves were constructed. These curves show that the phase of the eclosion clock shifted more as the magnitude of the temperature change increased. The 24-h temperature cycle delayed, rather than advanced, the phase of the <em>D. antiqua</em> circadian eclosion rhythm. Therefore, we propose that a small phase delay is caused by a small temperature amplitude at a deep site in the soil and a large phase delay is caused by a large temperature amplitude at a shallow site, leading to the temperature-amplitude response exhibited by <em>D. antiqua</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“A comparison of thermal stress response between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila pseudoobscura reveals differences between species and sexes” "黑腹果蝇和伪黑腹果蝇对热应力反应的比较揭示了物种和性别之间的差异"
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104616
N. Rivera-Rincóon, U.H. Altindag, R. Amin, R.M. Graze, A.G. Appel, L.S. Stevison
{"title":"“A comparison of thermal stress response between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila pseudoobscura reveals differences between species and sexes”","authors":"N. Rivera-Rincóon,&nbsp;U.H. Altindag,&nbsp;R. Amin,&nbsp;R.M. Graze,&nbsp;A.G. Appel,&nbsp;L.S. Stevison","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The environment is changing faster than anticipated due to climate change, making species more vulnerable to its impacts. The level of vulnerability of species is influenced by factors such as the degree and duration of exposure, as well as the physiological sensitivity of organisms to changes in their environments, which has been shown to vary among species, populations, and individuals. Here, we compared physiological changes in fecundity, critical thermal<!--> <!-->maximum (CT<sub>max</sub>), respiratory quotient (RQ), and DNA damage in ovaries in response to temperature stress in two species of fruit fly, <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> (25 vs. 29.5 °C) and <em>Drosophila pseudoobscura</em> (20.5 vs. 25 °C). The fecundity of <em>D. melanogaster</em> was more affected by high temperatures when exposed during egg through adult development, while <em>D. pseudoobscura</em> was most significantly affected when exposed to high temperatures exclusively during egg through pupal development. Additionally, <em>D. melanogaster</em> males exhibited a decrease of CT<sub>max</sub> under high temperatures, while females showed an increase of CT<sub>max</sub> when exposed to high temperatures during egg through adult development. while <em>D. pseudoobscura</em> females and males showed an increased CT<sub>max</sub> only when reared at high temperatures during egg through pupae development. Moreover, both species showed an acceleration in oogenesis and an increase in apoptosis due to heat stress. These changes can likely be attributed to key differences in the geographic range, thermal range, development time, and other different factors between these two systems. Through this comparison of variation in physiology and developmental response to thermal stress, we found important differences between species and sexes that suggest future work needs to account for these factors separately in understanding the effects of constant increased temperatures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022191024000040/pdfft?md5=ae9fa5eaddbf3de3d1525c7c64f74dbf&pid=1-s2.0-S0022191024000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139557309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Toll/IMD pathways mediate host protection against dipteran parasitoids Toll/IMD 通路介导宿主对双翅目寄生虫的保护
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104614
Jin Yang , Qian Xu , Wenwen Shen , Zhe Jiang , Xinran Gu , Fanchi Li , Bing Li , Jing Wei
{"title":"The Toll/IMD pathways mediate host protection against dipteran parasitoids","authors":"Jin Yang ,&nbsp;Qian Xu ,&nbsp;Wenwen Shen ,&nbsp;Zhe Jiang ,&nbsp;Xinran Gu ,&nbsp;Fanchi Li ,&nbsp;Bing Li ,&nbsp;Jing Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasitoids have utilized a variety of strategies to counteract host defense. They are in different taxonomic status and exhibit phenotypic and genetic diversity, and thus are thought to evolve distinct anti-defense mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the performance of two closely related parasitoids, <em>Exorista japonica</em> and <em>Exorista sorbillans</em> (Diptera: Tachinidae) that are biological control agents in agriculture and major insect pests in sericulture, on the host <em>Bombyx mori</em>. We show that the host is more susceptible to <em>E. sorbillans</em> infection while relatively resistant to <em>E. japonica</em> infection. Moreover, the expression levels of host antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) genes are repressed at early infection and induced at late infection of <em>E. japonica</em>, while AMPs are over-expressed at early infection and return to normal levels at late infection of <em>E. sorbillans</em>. In parallel, Toll and IMD pathway genes are generally induced at late infection of <em>E. japonica</em>, whereas these genes are up-regulated at early infection and down-regulated at late infection of <em>E. sorbillans</em>. Activating of host Toll/IMD pathways and AMPs expression by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) represses the larval growth of <em>E. sorbillans</em>. Conversely, inhibiting host Toll/IMD pathways by RNA interference significantly promotes <em>E. japonica</em> development. Therefore, the Toll/IMD pathways are required in the host for defense against infection of dipteran parasitoids. Overall, our study provides the new insight into the diversified host-parasitoid interactions, and offers a theoretical basis for further studies of the adaptive mechanism of dipteran parasitoids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139557238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Significance of the clock gene period in photoperiodism in larval development and production of diapause eggs in the silkworm Bombyx mori 家蚕幼虫发育和减产卵产生过程中光周期性时钟基因周期的意义
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of insect physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104615
Masaharu Hasebe , Mizuka Sato , Shoichiro Ushioda, Wakana Kusuhara, Kazuki Kominato, Sakiko Shiga
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