Dan-Hong Yang, Jui-Tse Chang, Kai-Wen Yang, Tzu-Jiun Su, Wei-Chou Wang, Yu-Hsin Tseng, Meng-Yuan Huang, Ching-Wen Tan, Steven H Wu, Po-An Lin
{"title":"Soybean aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) population dynamics are associated with the temporal scale and pattern of soil moisture in soybean fields.","authors":"Dan-Hong Yang, Jui-Tse Chang, Kai-Wen Yang, Tzu-Jiun Su, Wei-Chou Wang, Yu-Hsin Tseng, Meng-Yuan Huang, Ching-Wen Tan, Steven H Wu, Po-An Lin","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag084","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding and predicting pest outbreaks is central to sustainable crop management, yet field evidence linking belowground abiotic conditions to aboveground herbivore dynamics remains limited, particularly regarding the temporal scales relevant to plant physiological responses. Using an Internet of Things sensor network in a soybean field in Taiwan, we combined high-temporal-resolution soil monitoring with field surveys of soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) to evaluate how soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity (EC) were associated with weekly sampled soybean aphid abundance across multiple temporal aggregation windows, from same-day values to 7-d rolling averages, over 2 growing seasons. Because this single-site field study was observational, we interpret the results as conditional field associations and do not treat them as direct causal evidence. After detrending for seasonal progression and plant ontogeny, soil moisture showed more consistent, although generally weak, associations with soybean aphid abundance than soil EC. Short-term moisture metrics (daily to 3-d means) were most consistently positively associated with soybean aphid abundance, whereas associations at longer integration periods (5 to 7 d) were weaker and more season dependent. Predictive analyses showed higher cross-validated performance for moisture-based models than for EC-only models, whereas adding EC provided little improvement beyond moisture alone. These results suggest that the temporal window used to summarize soil water availability can affect inference about soybean aphid-soil associations and that high-frequency soil sensing may add soil context to phenology- and weather-based soybean aphid monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robin von Allmen, A Blair Stokes, Arvid Hellesöy Annell, Christopher Wheat
{"title":"Non-invasive image-based method for mass estimation of caterpillars of Lepidoptera.","authors":"Robin von Allmen, A Blair Stokes, Arvid Hellesöy Annell, Christopher Wheat","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieag088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Live biomass is a key metric for monitoring insect development and survival, especially of larval species of Lepidoptera. Nonetheless, manual weighing is labor-intensive, can induce stress, and may introduce experimental bias. Here, we present a non-invasive, open-source ImageJ macro that enables repeated measurements of caterpillar silhouette area using computer vision tools. We validated this approach using larvae of five different lepidopteran species and found a strong correlation between the silhouette area and live biomass. The macro achieved high detection accuracy (∼98%) and was approximately six times faster than manual weighing. This approach can potentially allow for continuous monitoring of larval biomass while reducing handling and associated stress, providing a practical tool for experimental studies of Lepidoptera.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two new species of Polyrhachis from the subgenera Myrma and Myrmhopla (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from China.","authors":"Chao Chen, Jialin Yu, Qiuhan Yang","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the morphological characters of the worker caste, a taxonomic study of the ant genus Polyrhachis Smith 1857 from China was conducted. Two new species, Polyrhachis (Myrma) aureodorsalis, sp. nov. and Polyrhachis (Myrmhopla) mangensis, sp. nov. are described from Fujian and Yunnan Provinces, respectively. Detailed descriptions and high-resolution images for the new species are provided. Identification keys to the known Chinese species of the subgenera Myrma Billberg 1820 and Myrmhopla Forel 1915 are presented based on the worker caste. The ecological significance and potential morphological adaptations of the new species are briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicolas Mouret, Laura Kouyoumdjian, Chloé Chabaud, Maxime Stanislawek, Emma Couranjou, Pau Molina-Vila, Elvire Bestion
{"title":"Application of a high-throughput respirometry technique for assessing respiratory metabolism of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates.","authors":"Nicolas Mouret, Laura Kouyoumdjian, Chloé Chabaud, Maxime Stanislawek, Emma Couranjou, Pau Molina-Vila, Elvire Bestion","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieag076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory metabolism is one of the key ecological traits of organisms. As such, it is studied by ecologists from a wide range of disciplines, from macroecological studies to evolutionary biology, with the global changes context making the need for its understanding more pressing. Unfortunately, properly measuring respiration is a time- and cost-intensive endeavor, and gathering large datasets can be prohibitive due to the difficulty of measuring it. Here, we describe a fluorescence-based high-throughput closed-system respirometry technique for terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates, able to measure respiration for up to 240 channels in parallel in vials of 2 or 4 ml. We used a setup originally designed to continuously measure oxygen in laboratory cell cultures in liquid medium to measure arthropod respiration. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate the reliability of the system to measure respiration of arthropods. Even very small arthropods were able to be measured, although Drosophila had to be measured in groups of 2 to 4. Further, the system's modularity makes it particularly fit for assessing full thermal performance curves of respiratory metabolism in a small amount of time. We provide helpful guidelines and R scripts to make use of this system to create thermal performance curves of insect metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13493049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María Isabel Remis, Paula Gómez Cendra, Natalia Rosetti, Pablo Colombo
{"title":"Geographic phenotype variation in neotropical South American grasshoppers (Acrididae: Orthoptera): patterns along environmental gradients.","authors":"María Isabel Remis, Paula Gómez Cendra, Natalia Rosetti, Pablo Colombo","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The understanding of phenotypic variability across a geographic space constitutes a central issue in present evolutionary biology. As a rule of thumb, body size and trait variation mirror the adaptation to the environment within a species range as a result of adaptation to local environments, or to neutral drift, or both. This study examines phenotypic variability, static allometry, and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) along environmental gradients in 3 South American grasshoppers with distinct ecological requirements: the terrestrial Dichroplus elongatus (Giglio-Tos) (winged) and Dichroplus vittatus (Bruner) (wing dimorphic), and the semiaquatic Cornops aquaticum (Bruner). Dichroplus elongatus follows Bergmann's rule and a converse Allenian pattern, likely driven by developmental rates and biomechanical compensation in cooler environments. In D. vittatus, body size and scaled appendages (following Allen's rule) are strongly influenced by precipitation and thermal range, showing sex-specific responses where females prioritize fecundity. Cornops aquaticum, which displays a converse Bergmann pattern, does not show any evidence for Allen's rule or its converse, suggesting semiaquatic habitat shifts toward hydrodynamic constraints. SSD was female-biased in all species. However, static allometric patterns critically moulded the phenotype, adapting proportional investment in locomotor versus reproductive structures in a habitat-specific manner. Thoracic dimensions in D. vittatus followed the converse of Rensch's rule due to high female sensitivity to environmental conditions, whereas the more stable semiaquatic habitat of C. aquaticum reduced sex-specific climatic responses. These results underscore that orthopteran phenotype evolution is a complex interaction between habitat use (terrestrial vs semi-aquatic), life history strategies, dispersal modes, and sex-specific selective pressures.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A structured literature review of computer vision methods for insect identification.","authors":"Sudha Cheerkoot-Jalim, Camille Simon-Chane, Zarine Cadersaib, Zahra Mungloo-Dilmohamud, Aymeric Histace, Kavi Kumar Khedo, Leckraj Nagowah, Denis Sereno","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Automated image-based identification of adult insects is increasingly critical to biodiversity monitoring, pest management, and vector surveillance, yet practical deployment remains limited by data scarcity, field variability, and fine-grained taxonomic challenges. We conducted a PRISMA-guided literature review of computer-vision methods for insect classification and identification. A Web of Science Core Collection search (31 August 2024) retrieved 930 records; after deduplication (n = 2) and screening, 230 articles underwent full-text quality assessment using weighted criteria for taxonomy/methods, image capture, computational technique, sample size, and performance evaluation. Of these, 111 high-quality studies met inclusion thresholds. Data were extracted on taxonomic coverage, optical devices and experimental settings, algorithms and pipelines, datasets, and outcome metrics. Deep learning dominated the field; You Only Look Once variants were common for detection and ResNet/EfficientNet/MobileNet for classification; occasional hybrids combined Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) features with traditional classifiers. CNN-based and 1-stage detectors outperformed hand-crafted pipelines; transformers and self-supervised pre-training showed promise with limited labels. Despite strong laboratory performance, generalization to field conditions was hindered by illumination, occlusion, and pose variability. Public datasets were scarce and geographically skewed, limiting reproducibility and equitable benchmarking. Taxonomic coverage concentrated on Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and Coleoptera. We recommend advancing the field through comprehensive reporting beyond overall accuracy, the design of lifecycle-aware and domain-adapted models validated under field conditions, the establishment of diverse benchmarks with standardized imaging protocols, and the development of interpretable architectures suitable for deployment in embedded trapping systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hidden caveats in tick dissection: engorgement level and complex tracheal network architecture compromise internal organ integrity.","authors":"Pitambar Dhakal, Yin Fu, Zi Yan, Mengyao Yang, Chaofeng Ma, Yayun Wu, Jiahui Wang, Qinglin Wang, Longxian Zhang","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tick dissection is fundamental for isolating internal organs for histological, developmental, cell culture, microbiome, functional, and epidemiological studies. However, comparative anatomical details and methodological guidance for identification, and aseptic isolation of internal organs remain limited. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the internal anatomy of hard ticks using Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, H. flava Neumann, and Amblyomma testudinarium Koch as the dissection materials and identify optimal dissection approaches for obtaining intact and contamination-free organs. Six groups of ticks, categorized by species, sex, life stage, and engorgement level, were dissected in aseptic conditions under a stereomicroscope. Internal morphoanatomical features were compared across groups, with particular emphasis on salivary glands, Malpighian tubules, gonads, tracheae, and associated organs. Given the risk of cross-organ contamination, the ease of tick handling, organ-specific separation techniques, difficulties, and immediate troubleshooting are documented. Dissection feasibility was found to vary by sexes, developmental stages, and engorgement states. A dense tracheal network was consistently observed across all groups, regardless of maturity. Organ isolation was most efficient in adult males owing to their simpler internal anatomy, reduced midgut blood volume, and less extensive tracheae. Engorgement level and tracheal complexity remained key limiting factors influencing the efficiency of dissection and ability to retrieve desired organs without cross-organ contamination, particularly due to fragmented tissues and midgut contents. Partly engorged, mid-sized adult ticks provide optimal conditions to master dissection techniques. This integrated approach has transformed the descriptive tick dissection into pictorial methodological guidance and offers comparative anatomical insights for tick dissection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148368718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathalia Fonseca da Silva, Marcial Corrêa Cárcamo, Gabriele Maschke Jeske, João Luís Barbosa Marins Poulsen, Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger
{"title":"Parasitoid dynamics across decomposition stages in cadaver decomposition systems.","authors":"Nathalia Fonseca da Silva, Marcial Corrêa Cárcamo, Gabriele Maschke Jeske, João Luís Barbosa Marins Poulsen, Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag067","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitoid Hymenoptera associated with necrophagous Diptera represent a potentially valuable but underexplored component of decomposition systems and forensic entomology. This study investigated parasitoid species associated with pupae of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) exposed during pig cadaver decomposition in the Pampa biome of southern Brazil, and evaluated parasitoid occurrence across decomposition stages and sampling periods. Experiments were conducted in March, September, and November 2024, and January 2025 using 12 pig cadavers. Sentinel pupae were exposed daily throughout decomposition and recovered for parasitoid emergence and identification. Generalized linear mixed models were used to evaluate parasitoidism probability and species-specific occurrence across decomposition stages, while Weibull survival models were applied to analyze stage duration. A total of 5,280 pupae were exposed, of which 376 (7.12%) were parasitized, yielding 4,171 parasitoid adults. Four species were recorded: Nasonia vitripennis (Walker, 1836) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani 1875) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Spalangia endius Walker, 1839 (Hymenoptera: Spalangiidae), and Tachinaephagus zealandicus Ashmead, 1904 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Parasitoidism probability was significantly lower during the fresh stage and increased from the bloated stage onward. Nasonia vitripennis showed greater contribution during the bloated stage, whereas P. vindemmiae was proportionally more frequent during the fresh stage. Decomposition progressed more rapidly during warmer months, particularly in November and January. Seasonal variation in parasitoidism was also observed, with higher rates during warmer sampling periods. These findings demonstrate that parasitoid assemblages vary across decomposition stages and environmental conditions, highlighting their ecological relevance in decomposition systems and their potential contribution to forensic entomology in subtropical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13344846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Martinez, Alayna Trejo, Sabine Paz-Le Draoulec, Gen-Chang Hsu, Jennifer S Thaler
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of a synthetic predator pheromone, a novel pest management tool, on target pests and insect communities in potato fields.","authors":"Laura Martinez, Alayna Trejo, Sabine Paz-Le Draoulec, Gen-Chang Hsu, Jennifer S Thaler","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieag086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite their reputation for species specificity, pheromones can influence interactions across trophic levels. This is particularly relevant in agricultural systems where predator-derived cues could influence pest and natural enemies. The predatory spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), preys upon the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a major pest of solanaceous crops. Previous field work shows that a synthetic aggregation pheromone of P. maculiventris reduces beetle larval abundance through non-consumptive effects yet impacts on other herbivores and predators remain unclear. We hypothesized that synthetic predator pheromone cues alter herbivore and predator feeding behavior in an agroecosystem. We evaluated herbivore and natural enemy abundance and diversity in the field, measured predation using sentinel L. decemlineata egg clutches, and conducted greenhouse feeding assays with 5 predator taxa. Field results indicated a reduction in L. decemlineata larval abundance in pheromone-treated plots without detectable changes in overall herbivore or predator community abundance or diversity. Predation rates in pheromone-treated plots (mean ± SE: 9.8 ± 2.9 eggs consumed per 3 d) were 5 times higher compared to the control (1.4 ± 0.5 eggs consumed per 3 d). Greenhouse assays showed increased egg consumption by P. maculiventris. These findings suggest that the synthetic predator pheromone may enhance the foraging behavior of P. maculiventris, providing a potential mechanism for reduced L. decemlineata populations and a promising tool for potato pest management with minimal non-target impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13489717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adriele de Castro Ferreira, Maria Carolina Farias E Silva, Raylson Lopes da Silva, Matheus Monteiro de Santana, Daniel Marques Pacheco, Stelamaris de Oliveira Paula Marinho, Rafael de Souza Miranda, Jose Bruno Malaquias, Jenilton Gomes da Cunha, Bruno Ettore Pavan, Alexandre Igor Azevedo Pereira, Luciana Barboza Silva
{"title":"Herbivory-induced metabolic reprogramming in soybean cultivars contrasting in resistance to Bemisia tabaci MEAM1.","authors":"Adriele de Castro Ferreira, Maria Carolina Farias E Silva, Raylson Lopes da Silva, Matheus Monteiro de Santana, Daniel Marques Pacheco, Stelamaris de Oliveira Paula Marinho, Rafael de Souza Miranda, Jose Bruno Malaquias, Jenilton Gomes da Cunha, Bruno Ettore Pavan, Alexandre Igor Azevedo Pereira, Luciana Barboza Silva","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how herbivory-induced metabolic reprogramming in soybean alters foliar metabolic profiles in cultivars contrasting in resistance to the phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, providing insights into plant responses associated with insect herbivory. Foliar metabolite profiles were compared between 2 contrasting genotypes, AS3810 (resistant) and BÔNUS (susceptible), under infested and non-infested conditions across 4 sampling scenarios integrating phenological stage and response time. Metabolic responses were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with univariate (3-way ANOVA) and multivariate analyses (principal component analysis, PCA). Significant main and interaction effects were detected for multiple metabolites, indicating that metabolic responses are strongly dependent on genotype and developmental context. Key compounds associated with treatment effects included salicylic acid, 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA), threonic acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, glyoxylic acid, malic acid, spermidine, maltotriose, and galactonic acid, with several metabolites showing significant 3-way interactions. The resistant genotype AS3810 exhibited broader and more coordinated metabolic adjustments, particularly in pathways associated with redox balance, carbon allocation, and stress signaling, especially under reproductive-stage conditions. In contrast, BÔNUS showed lower metabolic responsiveness and reduced pathway integration. Multivariate analysis revealed metabolic differentiation among treatments, with defense- and stress-related metabolites contributing strongly to sample differentiation. These findings indicate that herbivory-induced metabolic configurations define distinct biochemical landscapes in host tissues and highlight genotype-dependent metabolic responses associated with herbivory. Identified metabolites represent candidate biochemical indicators of plant responses to B. tabaci MEAM1 infestation and may contribute to future studies of plant resistance mechanisms and resistance-based pest management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}