Journal of forensic and legal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Utilizing a participatory curriculum development approach for multidisciplinary training on the forensic medical evaluation of asylum seekers","authors":"Shawheen J. Rezaei ,&nbsp;Shaina Twardus ,&nbsp;Michelle Collins ,&nbsp;Matthew Gartland","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Clinicians play an important role in asylum applications through the forensic medical evaluation (FME). The lack of adequately trained and knowledgeable clinicians limits access to FME. Participatory curriculum development is a powerful tool that elevates voices of multiple stakeholders to generate innovation in FME education. The objective of this study was to conduct an interview-based curricular needs assessment of the core skills needed to perform safe and effective FME and the most effective teaching methods targeting multidisciplinary learners.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In accordance with a participatory curriculum development framework, we conducted semi-structured interviews of individuals in four key stakeholder groups that play an important role in FME: asylees, experienced educators, prospective learners, and attorneys. We used grounded theory<span>, an inductive approach to the thematic coding of interview transcripts.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Interview participants described the most important skills for performing FME and approaches to teaching these skills. Thematic saturation was reached at 13 interviews. Four major themes central to an FME curriculum were identified: (1) Core knowledge and technical skills to perform effective FME, (2) Practical skills in a trauma-informed approach to FME, (3) Mitigating secondary trauma and building resilience, and (4) Teaching approaches for multi-disciplinary learners.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We conducted an interview-based study utilizing participatory curriculum development principles to investigate the most important skills to conduct safe and effective FME of asylum seekers. We found that experiential training that emphasizes the practice of skills in a multi-disciplinary environment is more aligned with stakeholder needs than existing frameworks built around one-way knowledge transfer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sibutramine-induced pheochromocytoma crisis: A rare and lethal occurrence","authors":"Weiwei Zhu ,&nbsp;Ping Huang ,&nbsp;Ji Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongmei Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor that secretes catecholamines; excessive catecholamine secretion can lead to pheochromocytoma crisis (PCC), a rare and life-threatening condition. Sibutramine, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, was previously used for obesity treatment but is now banned due to its cardiovascular side effects. Although fatalities related to PCC and adverse events associated with sibutramine have been frequently reported individually, there is no documented literature addressing PCC-induced by sibutramine. Here we report a rare case of fatal sibutramine-induced PCC in a previously asymptomatic young female with undiagnosed pheochromocytoma. The 25-year-old patient took a weight-loss pill containing sibutramine for the first time and subsequently experienced nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, and other symptoms. She went to hospital about 6 hours after taking the pill but died approximately 4 hours later despite the resuscitation efforts. An autopsy revealed a pheochromocytoma in the right adrenal gland. The cause of death was attributed to sibutramine-induced PCC. To our knowledge, this is the first report to document the occurrence of sibutramine-induced PCC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Safety in English mental health in-patient beds: has nothing been learned?","authors":"Charlie Brooker ,&nbsp;Karen Tocque","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>All mental health Trusts in England were surveyed, using freedom of Information Requests, as part of an enquiry into sexual safety incidents. A response rate of 72 % was obtained. Results revealed that sexual safety incidents and mixed-sex ward breaches are both increasing. Very few Trusts are adhering to the national guidance on sexual safety standards. Only one audit of safety standards was provided with full data. The Minister of Health has ordered an enquiry by the Health Services Safety Investigation Board with findings to be reported in 12 months’ time. We argue more urgent action is needed now.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102709"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141411067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional prediction of the nose for facial reconstruction: A preliminary study on North Indian adults","authors":"Swarnjeet Singh,&nbsp;Ruma Purkait","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forensic facial reconstruction is the last recourse to establish the identity of an unknown skull. The facial soft-tissue thickness (FSTT) is required to reconstruct various facial features on a skull. Unlike other facial features, the nose is made of cartilaginous tissue except for a small nasal bone. A large cavity (pyriform aperture) exists on the skull in place of the nose, which makes it a challenging job for reconstruction. The nose is a vital feature for the recognition of a face. Any change in the shape or size of the nose can alter the original aesthetic of the face. The present study proposes angles and regression functions on the bony structure to predict the various parts of the soft nose. A sample of computed tomography (CT) images of 100 males and 100 females aged between 18 and 45 years were included in the study. Apart from measuring fourteen linear parameters with three angles, simple linear regression models were derived for five pairs of parameters. Pearson's correlation coefficients for most of the parameters ranging between 0.221 and 0.872 were found to be significant at p ≤ 0.05 level. FSTT at three anatomical landmarks of the nose was also measured. A morphological observation study was undertaken to find the most frequent direction of the bony anterior nasal spine (ans) and its relation with the position of the pronasale (prn) on the soft nose. The devised parameters proposed in the study may also prove useful for reconstructing the nose in other populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of dye to detect sites of hemorrhage and leak in postmortem cases","authors":"Yazan Amir Seulieman ,&nbsp;Noor Jamil Aziz al-khafaji ,&nbsp;Abdulwahab Essam Abdulwahab ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Mdhafar Saadoon ,&nbsp;Hayder Lazim","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces a novel, cost-effective, and rapid method for identifying hemorrhage or leakage sites following postoperative deaths, a critical aspect in the context of medical malpractice litigation. The technique employs diluted ink as an injectable dye, providing an alternative to postmortem contrast imaging. The utility of this method was demonstrated through a series of three cases. In the first case, the technique successfully detected leaks within vascular structures. The second case revealed a leakage in the cystic duct, while in the third case, the method was instrumental in identifying a leak in a hollow organ situated below the gastro-esophageal junction. Given its demonstrated efficacy, this technique has been incorporated into routine practice by the forensic pathologist in the medicolegal directorate in Baghdad, Iraq.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X2400074X/pdfft?md5=c7e7c3aaf5307a6849a810ddd8003b4e&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X2400074X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of N-piperidinyl etonitazene in alternative keratinous matrices from a decomposing cadaver","authors":"Erika Buratti,&nbsp;Gianmario Mietti,&nbsp;Alice Cerioni,&nbsp;Marta Cippitelli,&nbsp;Rino Froldi,&nbsp;Mariano Cingolani,&nbsp;Roberto Scendoni","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This short report describes research on N-piperidinyl etonitazene, also known as etonitazepipne, in keratinous matrices (hair and nails) after death related to a suspected opioid overdose. Etonitazepipne belongs to the family of benzimidazole opioids, a class of new synthetic opioids that has penetrated the illicit drug market. Analysis in the case under study showed the presence of etonitazepipne in both hair and nails, confirming that the substance accumulates in the body with repeated intake.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141479898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can human sex be estimated based on the dimensions of the maxillary sinuses? A systematic review of the literature on cone-beam and multi-slice computed tomography","authors":"Matheus Sampaio-Oliveira ,&nbsp;Larissa de Oliveira Reis ,&nbsp;Lucas P. Lopes Rosado ,&nbsp;Marcela Baraúna Magno ,&nbsp;Lucianne Cople Maia ,&nbsp;Matheus L. Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To critically appraise and summarize the potential of linear and/or volumetric dimensions of the maxillary sinuses obtained with cone-beam and multi-slice computed tomography.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A bibliographic search was conducted in seven databases in August 2023. Cross-sectional retrospective studies using linear and volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinuses obtained with cone-beam and multi-slice computed tomography for sex estimation and presenting numerical estimation data were included. Narrative or systematic reviews, letters to the editor, case reports, laboratory studies in animals, and experimental studies were excluded. The critical appraisal and certainty of evidence were assessed using the guidelines described by Fowkes and Fulton and GRADE, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 656 studies were found, 32 of which were included. A total of 3631 individuals were analyzed and the overall sex estimation rate ranged from 54.9 % to 95 %. When compared with isolated measurements, combined linear measurements of the right and left maxillary sinuses, such as width, length, and height, provided a higher rate of sex estimation (54.9–95 %). In most of the studies (62.5 %), all measurements were higher in men than in women. Multiple methodological problems were found in the studies, especially distorting influences in 84.4 % of the answers. The certainty of evidence varied from very low to low.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The combination of height, width, and length measurements of the right and left maxillary sinuses from cone-beam and multi-slice computed tomography can be useful in the estimation of sex of humans. Further primary studies are needed to increase the certainty of evidence.</p></div><div><h3>Prospero register</h3><p>CRD42020161922.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000787/pdfft?md5=4bd1bcba50d2590612cc36e35fbd3780&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000787-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141604673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcimedes","authors":"Gall John","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necrotizing Fasciitis: When skin confuses - An autopsy case report","authors":"Renjini Johnson,&nbsp;Fathima Harsha P.M,&nbsp;Anup Kumar Raipuria,&nbsp;Sangeeta Kumari,&nbsp;Shiuli","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) is a severe life-threatening soft tissue infection characterized by the rapid destruction of muscle, fat and fascial layers. This report details an autopsy case report of a 40year old male, unclaimed body lacking the complete history except that given by the Police personnel accompanying in which there is no prior history of trauma. This person succumbed to septic shock secondary to NF, despite clinical interventions. This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and the need for heightened clinical awareness to improve patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on application of atomic force microscopy in Forensic science","authors":"Megha Therassa,&nbsp;N.S. Aparna,&nbsp;Maria Jose,&nbsp;Ajil Dev,&nbsp;Arjun Rao Isukapatla","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary objective of forensic investigation of a case is to recognize, identify, locate, and examine the evidence. Microscopy is a technique that provides crucial information for resolving a case or advancing the investigation process by analyzing the evidence obtained from a crime scene. It is often used in conjunction with suitable analytical techniques. Various microscopes are employed; scanning probe microscopes are available in diverse forensic analyses and studies. Among these, the atomic force microscope (AFM) is the most commonly used scanning probe technology, offering a unique morphological and physico-chemical perspective for analyzing multiple pieces of evidence in forensic investigations. Notably, it is a non-destructive technique capable of operating in liquid or air without complex sample preparation. The article delves into a detailed exploration of the applications of AFM in the realms of nanomechanical forensics and nanoscale characterization of forensically significant samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}