Journal of forensic and legal medicine最新文献_第8页

Intraoral cultural tattooing: Possible forensic utility 口内文化纹身：可能的法医用途

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102673

John K. Brooks , Alexander J. Trummer

引用次数: 0

Estimation of the post-mortem interval; added value of mechanical excitability of human skeletal muscle 估计死后间隔；人体骨骼肌机械兴奋性的附加值

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102664

H. Stigter, T. Krap, W.L.J.M. Duijst

{"title":"Estimation of the post-mortem interval; added value of mechanical excitability of human skeletal muscle","authors":"H. Stigter, T. Krap, W.L.J.M. Duijst","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estimation of the post-mortem interval (PMI) is mainly based on the state of body cooling, post-mortem lividity (livor mortis) and post-mortem muscle stiffness (rigor mortis). However, the time span of development of these post-mortem phenomena are influenced by a variety of factors concerning the body of the deceased and the environment in which the body is found. Subsequently, this leads to a substantial spread in upper and lower limits of PMI based on determination of the state of these phenomena. Moreover, interpretation of post-mortem phenomena like lividity, rigor and interpretation of the correction factor for Henssge's nomogram is subjective. For this reason, PMI estimations are often broad, possibly too broad to be helpful for answering questions which are relevant for the criminal investigation. Therefore, combining the outcome of different methods for estimating the PMI, the so-called compound method, is recommended. Supravital muscle reaction by mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscle is a less known aspect of the compound method. Here we present a series of cases series in which supravital muscle reaction contributed to a more precise estimation of the PMI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140150615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative study on informed consent regulation in health care among Italy, France, United Kingdom, Nordic Countries, Germany, and Spain 关于意大利、法国、英国、北欧国家、德国和西班牙医疗保健领域知情同意规定的比较研究

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102674

Vittorio Bolcato , Chiara Franzetti , Giovanni Fassina , Giuseppe Basile , Rosa Maria Martinez , Livio Pietro Tronconi

{"title":"Comparative study on informed consent regulation in health care among Italy, France, United Kingdom, Nordic Countries, Germany, and Spain","authors":"Vittorio Bolcato , Chiara Franzetti , Giovanni Fassina , Giuseppe Basile , Rosa Maria Martinez , Livio Pietro Tronconi","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The information and subsequent expression of will, so-called informed consent, have become the essential element of health right, understood as the right to autonomous choice in health, based on the fiduciary relationship between physician and patient. This gradually leads European Countries to adopt special legislations and to issue frequent judgments on the subject. However, new challenges in daily clinical practice call for further study of legal solutions. The authors analyse and compare the regulations on informed consent in health care of Italy, France, the United Kingdom, the Nordic Countries, Germany, and Spain. The health and legal contexts, existence of special regulations on informed consent and their characteristics are discussed. Informed consent resulted a mandatory requirement. Clear communication about treatment, therapeutic alternatives, and major risks, discussed in conversation, but preferably documented in writing, are agreed upon. The possibility of dissent and withdrawal of consent are also included. There is a growing interest in involving and regulating the entire health team in information and consent. Lowering the age of consent for minors or analysing the maturity of minors are attempts to increase their participation in health decisions. On another side, the protection of adult incapables persons requires greater involvement of family and fiduciaries to better adapt to changing health needs. Health policy must take responsibility for training health professionals and citizens about the value of health information and communication as a shared choice in care planning, to strengthen the bond of trust with the healthcare system and users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000362/pdfft?md5=e8c5935d15555be1111b6e775409eecb&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000362-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140156708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An autopsy case of cerebral hemorrhage in an HIV-infected patient with suspected HIV-associated cerebrovascular disease 一名疑似艾滋病毒相关性脑血管病艾滋病毒感染者脑出血的尸检病例

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102672

Mio Takayama, Masayuki Kashiwagi, Aya Matsusue, Brian Waters, Shin-ichi Kubo

{"title":"An autopsy case of cerebral hemorrhage in an HIV-infected patient with suspected HIV-associated cerebrovascular disease","authors":"Mio Takayama, Masayuki Kashiwagi, Aya Matsusue, Brian Waters, Shin-ichi Kubo","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A male in his late 30s was found dead in his home. He was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about six years prior. The HIV infection was well controlled before his death. He was 166 cm in height and 75 kg in weight. Aside from discoloration of the skin on the right lower patellar, there were no obvious injuries. His brain weighed 1456 g. A cut surface of the brain revealed left thalamic hemorrhage. Histologically, infiltration of phagocytic cells was observed in the bleeding site. Thalamic hemorrhage was considered to be his cause of death in this case. Due to the effects of anti-HIV therapy, the mortality rate from HIV infection has decreased and the causes of death of HIV-infected persons have changed. HIV-infected persons have been suggested to be associated with cerebrovascular disease, especially juvenile ischemic stroke. Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease. Possible mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease in HIV-infected individuals include coagulopathy, secondary effects of embolism and central nervous system infection, and direct vascular disease due to HIV. At the time of autopsy, his post-mortem interval was estimated to be approximately two weeks. Therefore, it was difficult to clarify histologically the cerebrovascular disorder that caused his cerebral hemorrhage. In recent years, anti-HIV therapy has reduced the number of AIDS-related deaths, but deaths in HIV-infected people from cardiovascular disease are increasing. This case is considered to be a valuable forensic autopsy case of an HIV-infected patient who actually died due to cerebral hemorrhage in Japan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sudden death due to butane abuse – An overview 丁烷滥用导致猝死 - 概述

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102662

Valeria Piersanti , Gabriele Napoletano , Maria Chiara David , Federica Umani Ronchi , Enrico Marinelli , Lina De Paola , Simona Zaami

{"title":"Sudden death due to butane abuse – An overview","authors":"Valeria Piersanti , Gabriele Napoletano , Maria Chiara David , Federica Umani Ronchi , Enrico Marinelli , Lina De Paola , Simona Zaami","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Volatile Solvents Abuse (VSA) poses major health risks, especially for young people and those living in precarious socio-economic conditions. Such substances can in fact bring about psychoactive effects such as euphoria, and even lead to sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory depression, myocardial infarction, laryngospasm, encephalopathy, and rhabdomyolysis. The present case report is centered around a 23-year-old man who died in prison due to inhalation of a cooker gas mixture (<em>n</em>-butane, propane, and isobutane) inside a plastic bag. External examination and autopsy showed non-specific signs of asphyxia associated with edema and brain swelling. Histological signs of early myocardial damage and hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII) were highlighted in the brain and cerebellum, as well as activated macrophages and anthracotic-like material in the lungs. Toxicological investigations revealed the presence of propane, isobutane and <em>n</em>-butane in liquids and biological samples. Besides the cardiotoxic effect, there was an asphyctic component due to the plastic bag that may have facilitated death. The assessment of cerebral HII and cardiopulmonary damage in acute cases is very important to prove death by butane inhalation. In the forensic field, it may be useful to shed more light on intoxications, deaths, and butane encephalopathies, as the latter can be mistaken for a hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000246/pdfft?md5=3a40375ad69326803a10d93feb51d589&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality assessment inventory (PAI) in forensic and correctional settings: A comprehensive review 法医和教养机构中的人格评估清单（PAI）：全面回顾

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102661

Mauro Paulino , John F. Edens , Mariana Moniz , Octávio Moura , Daniel Rijo , Mário R. Simões

{"title":"Personality assessment inventory (PAI) in forensic and correctional settings: A comprehensive review","authors":"Mauro Paulino , John F. Edens , Mariana Moniz , Octávio Moura , Daniel Rijo , Mário R. Simões","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As Forensic Psychology continues to expand as an independent field, professionals regularly resort to psychological assessment tools to assess people involved within the justice system. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a 344-item, self-report inventory that aims to provide meaningful information for diagnosis and clinical decision-making, specifically relating to psychopathology, personality, and psychosocial environment. Its applicability in forensic settings has been increasingly recognized on account of its benefits in comparison to other self-report inventories (e.g., MMPI-2, MCMI-III), since it includes scales that are relevant to forensic settings (e.g., violence risk levels, psychopathy, substance abuse), and the existence of profile distortion indicators is useful when dealing with highly defensive and/or malingering populations. The goal of this paper is to conduct a thorough review of the PAI's utility in forensic settings, by focusing on the relevant forensic constructs assessed by the PAI (e.g., personality disorders, psychosis, substance abuse, aggression, recidivism risk, and response distortion), as well as its application to offender and inmate populations, intimate partner violence contexts, family law cases, and forensic professionals. Overall, the PAI continues to gather international recognition and its relevance and usefulness in forensic settings is generally accepted and acknowledged.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000234/pdfft?md5=85140c3fef789e24111ef9085234fc39&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000234-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiac amyloid deposition and the forensic autopsy – A review and analysis 心脏淀粉样蛋白沉积与法医尸检--回顾与分析

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102663

Luzern Tan , Roger W. Byard

{"title":"Cardiac amyloid deposition and the forensic autopsy – A review and analysis","authors":"Luzern Tan , Roger W. Byard","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although amyloid material in the heart is not infrequently encountered at autopsy it may on occasion be difficult to determine the significance in terms of possible contributions to the terminal mechanisms of death. A review was undertaken of the literature and of autopsy cases at Forensic Science SA over a 20-year-period (2003–2022) for all cases where significant amyloid material had been encountered on microscopy of the heart. Sixteen cases were found consisting of 11 cases where cardiac amyloid was involved in the lethal episode, and five where it was considered an incidental feature. Of the 11 lethal cases, there were three where cardiac amyloidosis was the cause of death, and eight where it was a contributing factor, along with ischaemic heart disease (N = 7) and bronchopneumonia (N = 1). The age range was 47–92 years, average 78.6 years, with a male to female ratio of 10:1. The weights of the hearts ranged from 496 to 1059 g - average 648 g. Of the five cases where it was considered an incidental finding, the causes of death were blunt head trauma (N = 2), small intestinal ischaemia (N = 2) and small intestinal obstruction (N = 1). The weights of the hearts ranged from 299 to 487 g, average 369 g. The most relevant types of amyloidosis in forensic cases tend to be light chain amyloidosis, senile cardiac amyloidosis and familial amyloid cardiomyopathy. Other forms of amyloidosis that affect the heart, which include reactive amyloidosis, haemodialysis-related amyloidosis and isolated atrial amyloidosis, either have minimal or no clinical significance, or are of uncertain significance. While it may be difficult to determine the prognostic significance of amyloid material at autopsy clinicopathological correlation may provide useful supportive information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peliosis of the spleen as an unusual cause of splenic rupture: A case report and a review of literature 脾脏内膜异位症是导致脾脏破裂的不寻常原因：病例报告和文献综述

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102659

Alžbeta Blichárová , Zuzana Benetinová , Tibor Mátyás , Peter Labaj , Ľudmila Verbóová , Vladimír Tancoš , Adam Nedoroščík

{"title":"Peliosis of the spleen as an unusual cause of splenic rupture: A case report and a review of literature","authors":"Alžbeta Blichárová , Zuzana Benetinová , Tibor Mátyás , Peter Labaj , Ľudmila Verbóová , Vladimír Tancoš , Adam Nedoroščík","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Isolated splenic peliosis is an extremely rare condition characterized by the presence of multiple blood-filled cavities, occasionally resulting in non-traumatic splenic rupture with fatal bleeding. In our case, a 64-year-old man was brought by ambulance due to weakness and abdominal pain without nausea or febrility. On clinical examination, the patient was sensitive to palpation with significant tenderness over the abdomen but no associated features of peritonitis. He collapsed during the imaging examination and became unconscious and asystolic. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was not successful. The patient died approximately within 2 hours of admission to the hospital. Postmortal examination showed 2800 ml of intraperitoneal blood with clots and a laceration of the lower pole of the spleen. Macroscopic examination of the spleen revealed huge nodular splenomegaly, measuring 21 cm x 19 cm x 5 cm, weighing 755 g. On the cut surfaces, multiple randomly distributed blood-filled cavities ranging from 0,5 to 2 cm in diameter were seen. At microscopic examination, the specimens showed multiple irregular haemorrhagic cyst-like lesions that were not lined by any epithelium or sinusoidal endothelium, consistent with the diagnosis of peliosis lienis. Although the condition is often clinically silent, the forensic pathological significance arises from the differential diagnosis of resultant intraperitoneal haemorrhage and sudden death, mimicking a violent death.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000210/pdfft?md5=de339ead407ebd85b03dd9f7171c25a5&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000210-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Child sexual abuse, mental health, and legislation in India and Thailand: A cross-country comparison 印度和泰国的儿童性虐待、心理健康和立法：跨国比较

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102655

Chonnakarn Jatchavala , Ramdas Ransing , Nutt Sukavejworakit , Rodrigo Ramalho , Nilesh Devraj

{"title":"Child sexual abuse, mental health, and legislation in India and Thailand: A cross-country comparison","authors":"Chonnakarn Jatchavala , Ramdas Ransing , Nutt Sukavejworakit , Rodrigo Ramalho , Nilesh Devraj","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a serious public health issue in India and Thailand. To identify potential barriers for addressing CSA in these countries, it is necessary to explore and compare research, laws, and policies in these two countries.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>The Scopus and PubMed databases were searched for published literature on “Child Sexual Abuse” AND “India” OR “Thailand” concerning research focus, prevalence, factors, and policies or interventions on CSA. Main legislations related to CSA were compared using a predefined outline. Additionally, authors compared and analysed current legislation in relation to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Published literature (n = 64) included original articles (n = 26), reviews (n = 36), editorials or letters to the editor (n = 2). No collaboration on CSA between the two countries was found. Several differences in the main legislation (e.g., punishment, services) of India and Thailand were observed, both between countries and in relation to the UNCRC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that CSA is mostly under-researched in both countries in terms of services, policy and legislation. There is a need for cross-country, multidisciplinary, and collaborative research on CSA in both India and Thailand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139749059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying the prevalence of genital injuries amongst patients attending Saint Mary's sexual assault referral centre following an allegation of digital penetration 在圣玛丽性侵犯转诊中心就诊的数字插入指控患者中确定生殖器损伤的发生率

IF 1.5 4区医学

Journal of forensic and legal medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102656

Rabiya Majeed-Ariss , Glen P. Martin , Catherine White

{"title":"Identifying the prevalence of genital injuries amongst patients attending Saint Mary's sexual assault referral centre following an allegation of digital penetration","authors":"Rabiya Majeed-Ariss , Glen P. Martin , Catherine White","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to (1) add to the limited evidence base regarding genital injury associated with digital vaginal penetration and (2) identify predisposing or protective factors to the identification of a genital injury. Data collection was performed retrospectively on the paper case files of 120 female adult (>18 years) patients alleging digital vaginal penetration with no penile vaginal penetration that had an acute FME at Saint Mary's Sexual Assault Referral Centre (SARC) Manchester. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate differences in the demographics of those reporting digital penetration, with and without injuries. Overall, 18% had genital injuries noted at the time of the FME. Posterior fourchette was the most common location of genital injury and abrasion was the most common injury type. It is worth further noting that all 22 patients where an injury was noted were of white ethnicity, only 12 patients in the sample were not white so caution is needed in interpretating this finding of a non-significant difference. Future research should consider injury and ethnicity more specifically. The findings from this study add to the existing evidence base and should prove useful to expert witnesses when called upon to interpret examination findings of sexual assault complainants as they relate to an allegation of digital penetration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000180/pdfft?md5=97ace3e649d9168e6b09ca8a57c0b061&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000180-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0