Journal of forensic and legal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Determinant factors in the identification of unknown cadavers in a forensic medical institute","authors":"Aldeir José da Silva ,&nbsp;Polyanna Helena Coelho Bordoni ,&nbsp;Luiz Sérgio Silva ,&nbsp;Giulia Maciel Nery ,&nbsp;Paulo Márcio Campos de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Globally, efforts are being made to locate and identify as many missing people as possible, due to the social and legal importance of this process. Brazilian law 13.812/2019 established the National Policy for the Search for Missing Persons, prioritizing the search and identification of missing persons by public security agencies.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate factors related to the identification of unknown bodies that arrived at a Brazilian Medical Examiner's Institute.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This was an epidemiological, cross-sectional study aiming to describe the characteristics of unidentified individuals in 2021 and factors related to their identification. A descriptive analysis, Pearson's Chi-square test with Monte Carlo simulation, and prevalence ratios obtained through Poisson regression were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 3649 individuals were examined, with a higher prevalence of male individuals and adults, whose cause of death was undetermined. Among them, 1046 arrived at the institute unidentified, while the rest were identified upon admission. Proportionally, there were more men and young people among the unidentified compared to those already identified upon arrival at the Institute. Of the 1046 unidentified individuals, most were recognized by family members, with 30 % identified technically, predominantly through fingerprint analysis. There were proportionally more unidentified individuals who were still unidentified and lacked information on sex, age, and cause of death compared to those who were identified. Fingerprint collection and the issuance of comparative anthropological/odontological reports were statistically significant for the identification process, and there was a higher chance of identification among unidentified females or individuals up to 17 years old, who represented a smaller number of cases, which improved the targeting of direct comparison between antemortem and postmortem data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Fingerprint collection is especially important for the identification process. Defining or predicting the biological profile of the unidentified is crucial for the direct comparison of cases, making forensic anthropology services essential for critical cases involving cadaveric transformation, especially when there is the possibility of issuing comparative reports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the landscape: Analysis of publication trends in forensic anthropology. Insights from Poland","authors":"Melania Mazur ,&nbsp;Agata Cieślik ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Górka","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Academic research in forensic anthropology is a crucial aspect for the development of this highly applied science, especially considering its social impact. The interdisciplinary character of forensic anthropology and very diversified caseload create a context in which theoretical and practical challenges emerge. This requires a swift response from the scientific community to develop new solutions or improve existing approaches. Although much is being produced worldwide in the field of forensic anthropology, there are only a few countries that lead this trend. In this article, the authors attempted to critically examine academic research within forensic anthropology in Poland by analysing its knowledge production over the last decades. A meticulous bibliographic analysis resulted in the discovery of 220 relevant academic records published between 1952 and 2023. Almost 70 % of identified papers were published in national journals and 58 % appeared in Polish. In total, 36 different institutions participate in knowledge production in this field. International collaboration is very low (∼6 %) and over 50 % of records did not involve any academic partnership. The most common type of paper is case report, primarily related to mass grave exhumations of war and totalitarian crimes. We conclude that Polish forensic anthropology research is derivative rather than original (with case reports and review papers as most frequent) and Poland remains a relatively insignificant actor when considering the overall knowledge production in forensic anthropology. In the discussion we try to understand these outcomes in the light of Polish historical context and current academic, and socio-political conjuncture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteometric sex estimation using the humerus, the radius and the ulna in the contemporary population of Croatia","authors":"Anton Mažuranić,&nbsp;Pero Bubalo,&nbsp;Marija Baković","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The primary aim of this study was to determine if the humerus, the radius, and the ulna exhibit sexual dimorphism in the contemporary Croatian population, while secondary aims were to establish population-specific univariate standards and discriminant equations for the upper limb bones with known and new osteometric anatomical parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>The study was conducted on the skeletal remains of the victims of the Homeland War (1991–1995). Sexual dimorphism was analyzed using standard descriptive statistics. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off points for the highest accuracy in sex estimation. Standard and stepwise discriminant function analysis was performed, and discriminant function equations were established.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All measured anatomical parameters significantly differed between males and females (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Univariate sex estimation accuracy using ROC was as high as 93.2 %, while multivariate sex estimation using discriminant function equations demonstrated accuracy ranging from 83.8 % to 91.2 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study used new osteometric anatomical parameters to establish population-specific (Croatian population) univariate and multivariate sex estimation standards and equations.</div><div>Established univariate standards can be used for sex estimation when the fragmentary upper limb is discovered in a forensic context, while the established discriminant function equations can be used as the sole method or in combination with other sex estimation methods when complete upper limb bones are recovered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penetration capability of 0.177 (4.5 mm) air gun pellet and the characteristics of the entrance wound at various impact energies between 3.28 - 15.64 J on porcine skin. An experimental study","authors":"Karola Petrus ,&nbsp;Furkan Yaşlıoğlu ,&nbsp;Viktor Soma Poór ,&nbsp;Emil Hamza ,&nbsp;Norbert Szabián ,&nbsp;Sándor Szukits ,&nbsp;Gábor Kovács ,&nbsp;Gábor Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air guns generate a large number of shot injuries, while pellets can produce life-threatening or lethal injuries by penetrating deep tissue. The assessment of air gun injuries include determining the direction and the distance of the shot, the type of arm, and the penetration capability of the pellet. Answering these questions can be challenging since air gun injuries have received less attention in scientific studies.</div><div>This study aimed to determine skin and soft-tissue penetration capabilities and wound characteristics of air guns at different impact energies. Test shots were conducted on porcine tissue and ballistic gel with 0.177 caliber air guns from different shooting distances between impact energies of 3.28 and 15.71 J (111 m/s to 243.5 m/s). Entrance wound appearance, size, and penetration depth were compared. The penetration capabilities of the pellet with different impact energies are assessed and discussed.</div><div>No difference was found in the entrance wound shape and appearance between shots from different distances and impact energy. The results indicate that 0.177 caliber air guns above 7.5 J of muzzle energy can easily penetrate deep into soft tissue, thus able to cause severe, life-threatening injuries. An air gun with a muzzle energy below 7.5 J muzzle energy can still cause severe injury up to 20–30 m as the projectile has enough energy to create several centimeter-deep penetrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-at-death estimation based on algorithms for multi-class discriminant analysis using binary and ordinal predictors","authors":"Efthymia Nikita ,&nbsp;Panos Nikitas","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study is to develop algorithms for multi-class discriminant analysis using binary and/or ordinal predictors that can be used effectively to age-at-death estimation when expressed in terms of binary/ordinal age markers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The algorithms examined are based on the crude assumption that the predictors are uncorrelated or on the latent model which assumes that the discrete predictors code an underlying multivariate normal distribution. The tetrachoric/polychoric correlations of this distribution are either estimated from the training dataset and used without or with correction to fall within feasible correlation bounds or are extracted from algorithms used to generate correlated binary/ordinal data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was found that, irrespective of the origin of the dataset analyzed, the crude algorithms may give poor results only when applied to ordinal datasets with very strong intercorrelated predictors. In what concerns the classification performance of the algorithms based on the latent model, we did not detect any statistically significant differences; they all perform similarly. The application of the algorithms to age-at-death estimation showed that the total classification accuracy is overall satisfactory even in datasets with small sample sizes, but the cross-validated accuracy is low when sample sizes are small.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In age-at-death estimations we can use any algorithm from those we studied except for the crude algorithms. However, to increase the classification accuracy, we should increase the size of the classes. Under this prerequisite, we may achieve very high cross-validated classification accuracies, in most cases higher than 90 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purple bowel misdiagnosed as intestinal hemorrhage","authors":"Hasan A. Abderrahman ,&nbsp;Imad M. Al-Abdallat ,&nbsp;Lamia K. Alsenaidi ,&nbsp;Younes F. Samara ,&nbsp;Deema K. Allouzi ,&nbsp;Sara A. Ishtaieh ,&nbsp;Leen A. Abuzaid","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When blood-like discoloration is found during the autopsy, forensic pathologists consider a traumatic origin. This paper presents a case of blood-like discoloration of the bowel arising from a natural cause. Intestinal discoloration by beetroot is a postmortem phenomenon explained by the passive diffusion of the pigment from the lumen of the intestine through the autolyzed intestinal mucosa 1. The pigment is not permanent and can transfer from the intestinal wall to surrounding tissues. Moreover, the color vanished during fixation in buffered formalin and could not be detected on histological examination. We conclude that the purple bowel is rarely reported because preprocedural fasting makes it hard to spot the discoloration in living patients, and the amount of beetroot needed to induce the discoloration is not known. In addition, adequate time must pass between death and autopsy for the passive diffusion to occur 2. Finally, it might be mistaken for hemorrhage due to its similarity in appearance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Umbrella review: CT of frontal, maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses for sexual dimorphism","authors":"Wahaj Anees ,&nbsp;Debora Moreira ,&nbsp;Marianna Arakelyan ,&nbsp;Walbert Vieira ,&nbsp;Luiz Renato Paranhos ,&nbsp;Ademir Franco","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to synthesize evidence on the use of computed tomography (CT) for sexual dimorphism based on the frontal (FS), maxillary (MS) and sphenoidal (SS) sinuses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An umbrella review was designed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews (PRIOR) and considered the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research (EQUATOR) network. The study protocol was registered in Open science framework (OSF, <span><span>https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5XWJU</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). Systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining FS, MS and SS through CT imaging were included. The search was performed across PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Open Grey.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six eligible systematic reviews published between 2021 and 2024 were identified. These reviews analyzed the sinuses for parameters such as height, width, length, area, and volume. The studies predominantly focused on adults with age range spanning 13–97 years. The findings indicated accuracy rates for sexual dimorphism typically ranging between 60 % and 80 %, with MS generally being more dimorphic than the others. Two systematic reviews included meta-analyses, reporting sensitivity and specificity rates for MS of up to 72.3 % and 69 %, respectively. Cone beam CT yielded higher accuracy compared to multislice CT. However, the quality of studies was critically low or moderate based on AMSTAR-2 and ROBIS assessments – highlighting methodological inconsistencies and biases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The studied sinuses were considered adjuvant tools for sexual dimorphism. Better results might come from MS visualized by means of CBCT. Primary studies remain necessary for stronger evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium azide/nitrite suicides in the Netherlands between 2015 and 2022","authors":"Karen E. van den Hondel ,&nbsp;Dominique van Pelt ,&nbsp;Lizanne Schweren ,&nbsp;Tristan Akershoek ,&nbsp;Peter Paul M. Bender ,&nbsp;Aleid de Booij ,&nbsp;Inge van Eck ,&nbsp;Lotte Gundlach ,&nbsp;Erik Huisman ,&nbsp;Jonne Kortmann ,&nbsp;Sieb van Kuijk ,&nbsp;Peter Letmaath ,&nbsp;Kelsey Martienus ,&nbsp;Emma van der Molen ,&nbsp;Michelle Nysten ,&nbsp;Carry Oostdam ,&nbsp;René Stumpel ,&nbsp;Joost Toussaint ,&nbsp;Jeroen Verweij ,&nbsp;Erik Wannee ,&nbsp;Manon Ceelen","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2017, a ‘right-to-die‘ organization publicly announced the legally available and existing chemical “agent X″ as a method of suicide. Both sodium azide as sodium nitrite were mentioned as “agent X”.</div><div>Based on the external examination reports registered in Formatus by the forensic physicians working at the Public Health Services and data from Statistics Netherlands, an observational study was conducted into the number of sodium azide and sodium nitrite deaths in the period from 2015 to 2022 in the Netherlands as well as the characteristics of these deceased. The number of sodium azide and sodium nitrite suicides in that period was compared with to the total number of suicides and suicides by self-poisoning in that same period.</div><div>Between 2015 and 2022, 172 sodium azide and sodium nitrite suicides were identified on the basis of external examination reports drawn up by forensic physicians whereby 12 % (n = 20) of the cases were confirmed by toxicologic screening. The first case was reported in 2017. The total group contained approximately an equal number of men (53 %) and women. 38 % of all suicides was 70 years or older at the time of death with an average age of 59 years. Compared to all suicides in the Netherlands, people who opted for sodium azide and sodium nitrite were more often female (p &lt; 0.001) and on average older (p &lt; 0.001). 70 % (n = 120) had a history of psychiatric illness. The use of sodium azide and sodium nitrite for suicide increased between 2017 and 2022, with a provisional peak (n = 50) in 2021. The rate sodium azide and sodium nitrite suicides in relation to the total number of suicides and intoxications per year increased gradually in the period 2017–2021.</div><div>This study is the first to our knowledge that investigates the numbers of sodium azide and sodium nitrite suicides and the associated characteristics of the individuals. Since 2017 a rise of these suicides was observed. More research to investigate characteristics on the individuals should be done in order to create accurate suicide prevention methods in the future and pay attention to the trends regarding the use of these suicide powders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skull fractures or accessory sutures: A case report","authors":"Ruth Sabu ,&nbsp;Bernard I'Ons ,&nbsp;David Charles Mangham","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102835","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102835"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary analysis of ancient human skeletal remains using computed tomography: A case study from Cumae, Italy","authors":"Antimo Moretti ,&nbsp;Anna Russo ,&nbsp;Valeria Parisi ,&nbsp;Vittorio Patanè ,&nbsp;Salvatore Cappabianca ,&nbsp;Luigia Fusco ,&nbsp;Federica Tomaino ,&nbsp;Andrea Averna ,&nbsp;Carlo Rescigno ,&nbsp;Giovanni Iolascon ,&nbsp;Alfonso Reginelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102832","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Radiology is a pivotal clinical method in anthropology, offering minmally destructive examination of ancient human remains. Archaeologists frequently rely on radiology to analyse anthropological and pathological findings without damaging osteological artifacts from archaeological excavations, including those intended for museum display. Imaging plays a critical role in assessing anthropological and pathological aspects of bones in osteoarchaeological studies, providing insights into sex, age at death, stature, and various pathologies such as infections, and neoplasmas, and trauma. This study, conducted at the University Hospital \"Luigi Vanvitelli\" in Naples, focuses on analyzing human skeletal remains excavated from the Acropolis of Cumae (Campania, Italy), fostering collaboration among archaeologists, physical and rehabilitation medicine physicians (i.e., physiatrists) with expertise in the management of metabolic bone diseases,and radiologists. The study aims to identify and assess anthropological and pathological features of skeletal remains using advanced imaging techniques. Additionally, it highlights the role of multidisciplinary collaboration for comprehensive analysis of ancient remains, laying the basis for future research to improve knowledge in this field.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Human remains from the cemetery of the Christian Basilica of Cumae, were catalogued and examined utilizing conventional radiography (CR) and computed tomography (CT). CT scans were conducted on bone fragments to assess integrity, density alterations, fractures, and pathologies. Each bone fragment was analyzed separately, maintaining anatomical orientation. Dual-energy CT (DECT) scans were employed in select cases, enhancing bone lesion detection.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The collaboration between archaeologists and radiologists facilitated the reconstruction and the identification of skeletal fragments. CT analysis revealed diverse findings across cases, including fractures, osteosclerotic areas, and degenerative changes. Detailed observations from CT scans were complemented by X-ray examinations, contributing to comprehensive skeletal analyses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Discussion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Paleoradiology, coined in 1987, has evolved with CT advancements, enabling minimally invasive examination of ancient remains. CT imaging offers superior resolution and detail compared to conventional radiography, aiding in the identification of subtle pathologies. Multidisciplinary collaboration enhances diagnostic accuracy and ensures comprehensive analyses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;CT analysis provides detailed insights into bone integrity and pathologies, facilitating comprehensive anthropological examinations. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for accurate interpretations of ancient human remains. This study represents a preliminary phase, laying the groundwork for further investiga","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}