Journal of forensic and legal medicine最新文献

{"title":"A primary study of ethanol production in postmortem liver and muscle tissue of rats","authors":"Qing Gao ,&nbsp;Fanggang He ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Weisheng Huang ,&nbsp;Hongmei Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To study the characteristics of postmortem ethanol production and its relation with alcohol congeners in postmortem rat liver and muscle tissues.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Postmortem liver and muscle tissues in Sprague–Dawley rats, from postmortem time interval (PMI) day 0–20, were analyzed via headspace gas chromatograph flame ionization detection to observe production of postmortem ethanol and 5 selected alcohol congeners.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>1. Putrid ethanol production increased gradually to a peak and then decreased with the prolongation of PMI; 2. Acetaldehyde, 1-propanol, and 3-methyl-butyraldehyde were produced along with postmortem ethanol; 1-butanol was only detected from day 11–20; 3. The concentrations of acetaldehyde, 1-propanol and 3-methyl-butyraldehyde was related with ethanol production. Fifteen mathematical models were constructed for putrid ethanol production based on acetaldehyde, 1-propanol, and 3-methyl-butyraldehyde.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A peak in postmortem ethanol production was identified. The production trends of acetaldehyde, 1-propanol, and 3-methyl-butyraldehyde in the liver, and of 1-propanol in muscle, were consistent with those of ethanol, and could potentially to be used as biomarkers of postmortem ethanol production. Further human samples and data analysis are needed to verify this.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139884189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcimedes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102660","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140052201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-fatal strangulation versus general assault in a clinical forensic medicine cohort: Characteristics of patient, perpetrator and presentation","authors":"Vanita Parekh ,&nbsp;Anna Brkic ,&nbsp;Janine McMinn ,&nbsp;David Williams ,&nbsp;Jane Van Diemen","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Interpersonal violence impacts communities, victims, perpetrators, families, and children. This audit of 315 cases of non-sexual assault compares characteristics of general assault to those of non-fatal strangulation (NFS).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Clinical review of all cases referred to Clinical Forensics Australian Capital Territory (CFACT) by ACT Policing between 2018 and 2022, following allegations of non-sexual assault. Descriptions of the model of care, victim characteristics, alleged perpetrators, and presentations in NFS versus general assault, from forensic medical examination.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>Patients</em>: Of 315 cases, 170 were victims of NFS, females (153/170, 90%), males 16/170 (9%), and one person with another preferred term. General assault cases comprised 145/315 (46%) presentations, 69/145 (47.6%) patients being female, 76/145 (52.4%) male. A majority of individuals who experienced NFS 113/170 (66%) presented within 12 h of the events, 41% of victims thought they might die during the NFS. <em>Perpetrators</em>: Most NFS perpetrators were male (161/170: 95%), NFS was mostly perpetrated by a partner 104/170 (62%), ex-partner 35/170 (21%), or family member 17/170 (10%). Repeated assaults by the same perpetrator was common 109/170 (64%). Children were present in 48/170 (28%) cases of NFS.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>NFS is gendered violence overwhelmingly affecting women, many experience NFS repeatedly. Later presentation may affect clinical signs, symptoms, and evidence collection. Forensic medicine management of NFS provides an opportunity to effect change, especially in those who thought they may die during the attack. Intervention to prevent trauma in children may be enabled by reporting their presence during an assault. Twenty-four-hour service provision enables both clinical and forensic assessment following NFS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>NFS is gendered, mostly affecting women, occurs in a family violence context, perpetrated by current and/or ex-partners, and often occurs with children present. Clinical forensic medicine doctors can provide care and support, provide referrals, and collect forensic medical evidence to support legal process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000131/pdfft?md5=bdb194aa3cd023899309fca9339d4fc1&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000131-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139744257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics of suicide attempters in Chinese patients: Comparison of adolescents, youths, middle-aged and elderly","authors":"Meijia Chen ,&nbsp;Xinlu Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Wang ,&nbsp;Liya Ren ,&nbsp;Hao Jiang ,&nbsp;Lin Xia ,&nbsp;Liping Zhang ,&nbsp;Chaoqun Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Potential risk factors for suicide differ by age group. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of patients with suicide attempts according to age group and any the relevant risk factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of attempted suicide patients who were admitted to the emergency departments (ED) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021. Demographic information and clinical characteristics were collected. The participants were divided into four age groups and the characteristics of each group were compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 834 participants were included in this study. Suicide attempts were more prevalent in females, and the gender difference decreased with age. Having religious belief and less educated suicide attempts were concentrated in the elderly groups. Adolescents suicide attempts were more likely to occur in the spring, autumn and during non-office hours. Mental disorders were the major motivation for suicide among adolescents, and interpersonal and social problems were more prevalent among youths. Psychiatric medication was the leading suicidal substances among adolescents, while pesticides and herbicides were more prevalent in adults. The history of psychiatric diagnosis was more common in adolescents, while the history of somatic disorder was more prevalent in the elderly.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study confirmed differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients in different age groups. Therefore, it is necessary to construct individualized intervention strategies for each age group based on the characteristics of the patients in order to reduce suicide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139907933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of post-mortem computed tomography angiography (PMCTA) on biomarkers of coronary artery disease","authors":"Choy Ker Woon ,&nbsp;Effat Omar ,&nbsp;Sheue Feng Siew ,&nbsp;Hapizah M. Nawawi ,&nbsp;Noor Alicezah M. Kasim ,&nbsp;Mansharan Kaur Chainchel Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Coronary atherosclerosis is due to build-up of plaque within the </span>coronary arteries. Post-mortem computed </span>tomography<span> (PMCT) allows non or minimally invasive visualization of abnormalities prior to an autopsy, however PMCT-angiography (PMCTA) greatly enhances relevant findings, especially in viewing the cardiovascular system which is important in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis. Contrast media used in PMCTA however has been reported to cause distortion of tissue which may interfere with post-mortem investigation outcomes. A cross sectional study to investigate the effect of PMCTA on tissue biomarkers in coronary arteries was performed involving cases brought in dead to the Institute and Accident and Emergency Unit. Sixty-three autopsy cases were included in this study, whereby 18 cases underwent PMCT while 45 cases underwent PMCTA. The subjects subsequently had a conventional autopsy where coronary artery sections were collected for standard histological examination and </span></span>immunohistochemistry<span> examination for endothelial inflammatory (CD36), prothrombogenic (TPA) and plaque stability (MMP-9) markers. The subjects consisted of 55 males and 8 females with a mean age ±SD of 49 ± 18.11 years. There were no significant differences in the coronary artery endothelial expression of CD36, MMP-9 and TPA between PMCT and PMCTA subjects. PMCTA does not alter CD36, TPA and MMP-9 markers supporting the safe use of PMCTA in post-mortem examinations.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic psychiatric and criminal dimensions of juvenile homicide/attempted homicide cases in Turkey","authors":"Ilker Tasdemir (Taşdemir) ,&nbsp;Muhammed Emin Boylu ,&nbsp;Mehmet Dogan (Doğan) ,&nbsp;Tuba Ozcanli (Özcanlı) ,&nbsp;Gul Karacetin (Gül Karaçetin)","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to analyze a sample (n = 65) of juvenile homicide/attempted homicide cases in terms of psychiatric, demographic, criminal characteristics, IQ scores, and Rorschach test (where available) characteristics and decisions on criminal responsibility.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Data were collected through a retrospective chart review of cases between the ages of 12 and 18 at the time of the offense, who were referred to the Observation Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine (Adli Tip Kurumu Baskanligi, Gözlem İhtisas Dairesi) for determination of criminal responsibility between 2014 and 2019 and who were assessed under inpatient status by law.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 65 juvenile homicide/attempted homicide offenders (7 female, 58 male). Reduced or no criminal liability was found in seven cases (10.7 %). Recent and past trauma was found in 21.5 % and 16.9 % of our cases respectively. The percentage of alcohol or illicit drug use disorder was 35.4 %. Non-suicidal self-injury was found in 38.5 % of our cases, and 6.4 % of these had a concurrent suicide attempt. Most of our cases (55.4 %) were neither in employment nor in education at the time of the offense.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The juvenile homicide/attempted homicide offenders were a heterogeneous group. Rates of serious mental illness were low. School and working functionality were low. Antisocial personality traits, alcohol/substance use disorders, past and recent trauma, emotional regulation problems, and poor school and work functioning appear to be important in the development of this serious offending.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139589082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological causes of sudden death in autopsied children with reference to peculiar findings: An Egyptian perspective","authors":"Nora Fawzy Fnon ,&nbsp;Nour El-Hoda Sayed Ismael ,&nbsp;Hanan Hosney Hassan ,&nbsp;Samar Abd-Elmonem El-Sheikh ,&nbsp;Zahraa Khalifa Sobh","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Childhood is a long period extending up to the age of 18 years. Childhood encompasses different developmental stages; each stage has specific characteristics. This 5-year study included 244 autopsied children who died unexpectedly due to natural causes. This study was conducted in the forensic pathology unit of the Egyptian Forensic Medicine Authority (EFMA). Pathological causes of death were diagnosed in 181 cases, representing nearly three-quarters (74.2 %) of cases. Males represented 60.8 % of these cases. More than half (51.4 %) of deaths due to natural disease occurred within the first month of life. The diagnosis was established for the first-time during autopsy in 58 % of cases. Prematurity complications and infections were the cause of death in 35.9 % and 30.4 % of deaths attributed to natural pathologies, respectively. Prematurity complications are the most common cause of death in perinatal (63.6) and neonatal (71.4 %) periods. Whereas infection is the most common cause of death during infancy (55 %), childhood (52.8 %), and adolescence (43.8 %). Pneumonia was the most common infection (61.8 %). This study highlighted cases with peculiar pathologies that include cardiomyopathies (idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVD)), Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (WFS), ruptured cerebral cavernous hemangioma, and cerebellar medulloblastoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139714469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ procurement in forensic deaths: A retrospective analysis of the Italian context with a focus on the Puglia Region virtuous experience","authors":"Sara Sablone ,&nbsp;Chiara Musajo Somma ,&nbsp;Federico Ruta ,&nbsp;Mara Bellino ,&nbsp;Tommaso Ciciriello ,&nbsp;Michele Saracino ,&nbsp;Riccardo Attimonelli Petraglione ,&nbsp;Giampiero Michelangeli ,&nbsp;Andrea Gianelli Castiglione ,&nbsp;Massimo Cardillo ,&nbsp;Francesco Introna ,&nbsp;Loreto Gesualdo","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Organ transplantation is one the most important contributions of modern medicine to society since it provides a unique therapy for terminal organ failure. However, the development of this therapeutic approach is hindered by the limited organ supply. In Italy, organ procurement requires a multidisciplinary medical-surgical approach in which legal medical doctors (LMDs) are generally tasked with ascertaining the reality of death. Sometimes, a medico-legal report is required when the deceased's family deny their consent to the organs and tissues removal from a potential deceased donor. LMDs can also be appointed by law to carry out post-mortem examinations of potential deceased donors. In these cases, the public prosecutors' interest in preserving the corpse integrity for forensic purposes seems to conflict with the ethical-humanitarian interest in promoting, at most, the opportunity to donate; however, a LMD can act as a mediator and allow both goals. This paper aims to illustrate the Apulia Region experience in reconciling the justice interests with those of a culture promoting deceased organ and tissue donation. It has been pursued by analyzing the virtuous regional organ procurement trend in forensic deaths before and after a crucial 2015 initiative, comparing the results with the national ones, and contextualizing them in the relevant literature to show systemic strengths and weaknesses and inform future Italian policy development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139918901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of cadaveric age in crime scenes using Raman spectroscopy","authors":"Ryota Matsunari ,&nbsp;Hiroki Kondou ,&nbsp;Noboru Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Daisuke Miyamori ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ikegaya","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The number of unidentified corpses has been increasing in recent years. There is a need for an objective and readily applicable method to estimate age, which is important information for identification. In previous reports, we reported that the protein folding ratio (R</span>_PF<span>) of skin, as measured by Raman spectroscopy using cross sections of skin samples, is highly correlated with age. In this study, we investigated the possibility of estimating age by measuring Raman spectra from the skin surface of cadavers using a portable device.</span></p><p>The resultant intercept, slope, and root mean square error were 97.9, – 63.7 (p &lt; 0.0001), and 11.68, respectively. We evaluated this regression formula by using 10-fold cross-validation, resulting in a coefficient of determination of 0.51. The portable Raman spectrometer may be of assistance in estimating age at death of corpses at the scene of discovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139409463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male patient attendances at Sexual Assault Treatment Units in Ireland: An analysis of 381 cases and a comparison with female patients","authors":"Daniel Kane ,&nbsp;Kieran M. Kennedy ,&nbsp;Karen Flood ,&nbsp;Maeve Eogan","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sexual violence is a crime that affects people of all genders. While focus is frequently on female survivors, it is crucial to acknowledge that males also experience sexual violence and to ensure that gender-sensitive services are available to all survivors. Understanding the prevalence of, and factors associated with, sexual violence against males is a critical first step in addressing this issue. We aim to address the lack of data in relation to sexual violence against males.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study of all male attendances at 6 Sexual Assault Treatment Units (SATU) in the Republic of Ireland over a 6-year period and, where applicable, comparison with corresponding female attendances.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 381 male attendances with an average age of 28.5 years over the study period, representing 7 % of all SATU patients. There was a 24 % increase in male attendances during the study period. 39.1 % presented within 24 h of the assault. 61.9 % reported the crime to the police. Employment status included 37.3 % employed, 24.9 % unemployed, and 26.2 % students, with 86.7 % being Irish nationals. Most incidents occurred on weekdays (53.3 %) and at night (56.7 %). Referrals were primarily from police (55.9 %), and psychological support was provided in 62.3 % of cases. Alcohol (60.4 %) and illicit drugs (20.5 %) were reported before assaults. 18.6 % suspected drug-facilitated assaults. Male assailants constituted 90.1 %, with 13.9 % involving multiple assailants. Male attenders were significantly more likely than females to be assaulted in their assailant's home and to be assaulted by more than one assailant. They were significantly less likely than females to report the crime to the police or to have consumed alcohol.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>To our knowledge, this is one of the largest case series of male patients attending a sexual assault treatment service to be published in the international literature. Male patients are a distinct group that are increasingly accessing SATU services. Significant differences exist between male and female patients’ reported experiences of sexual violence. Knowledge of these factors will support appropriate tailoring of treatment &amp; service provision, prevention and awareness strategies to help modify the impact and reduce the incidence of sexual violence in this cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X24000052/pdfft?md5=f44cf462978d493a5b88f97f5c4f8752&pid=1-s2.0-S1752928X24000052-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139409508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}