Journal of Hypertension最新文献

{"title":"Triglyceride-glucose index, HOmeostatic Model Assessment index, and new-onset hypertension in middle-aged men.","authors":"Lanfranco D'Elia, Domenico Rendina, Roberto Iacone, Ornella Russo, Pasquale Strazzullo, Ferruccio Galletti","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004162","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Insulin resistance is one of the main risk factor for hypertension. A simple index (triglyceride-glucose index - TyG) has been considered as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Although several studies have explored TyG and cardiovascular risk, few longitudinal data on the relationship between new-onset hypertension and this novel index are available so far, especially in European countries. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the predictive role of TyG, in comparison to that of the HOmeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index (a widely used tool to assess insulin resistance), on the development of hypertension, in an 8-year follow-up observation of a sample of adult men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis included 482 men (The Olivetti Heart Study), without hypertension at baseline. The optimal cut-off point of the association of continuous TyG or HOMA-IR index with new-onset hypertension was identified by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TyG was linearly associated with the occurrence of new-onset hypertension, whereas HOMA-IR was nonlinearly related to the risk of developing hypertension. After stratification by the optimal cut-off point, TyG greater than 4.91 were significantly associated with new-onset hypertension, also after adjustment for main confounders. In contrast, the HOMA-IR index greater than 1.82 was not associated with the risk of new-onset hypertension in the adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The principal findings of this study suggest that the TyG index exhibits a significant predictive capacity for the development of new-onset hypertension. Although its limited sensitivity, the results support the potential utility of TyG as a simple, cost-effective, and noninvasive adjunctive tool for the early assessment of cardiovascular risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finerenone improves ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in hypertensive rats via IRE1 modulation of XBP1 and TRAF2.","authors":"Yajuan An, Xiandu Jin, Xiuju Guan, Yue Liu, Keqiang Liu, Liping Wei, Xin Qi","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Finerenone, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, has shown antihypertensive activity and improved cardiac function in clinical studies, but the role and target of Fin in the prevention and treatment of ventricular remodeling in hypertension remains unclear. In the present study, hypertensive rats were employed to evaluate the beneficial effects of finerenone on ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in hypertension and to identify the related targets.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Hypertensive two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, 2K1C model, and finerenone-treated groups (2 mg/kg/day, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, HJ20220057). All groups were treated for 8 weeks. Blood pressure, echocardiographic measurements, biochemical parameters related to cardiovascular remodeling and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers were evaluated. Cultured H9C2 cells were used to determine the effect of finerenone on cardiomyocytes administered Ang-II.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Compared with the model group, finerenone significantly reduced SBP, DBP, cardiac index, left ventricular mass index, NT-proBNP, and sST2 levels. Left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function were significantly improved after treatment with finerenone for 8 weeks. Finerenone effectively decreased the protein expression of the ER stress marker GRP78 and reduced the protein levels of p-IRE1, XBP1, and TRAF2 in myocardial tissue samples from hypertensive rats, thus decreasing ER stress in the myocardial tissue, as well as the production of the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, finerenone significantly decreased apoptosis in H9C2 cells induced by Ang-II. Furthermore, the modulatory effects of finerenone on ER stress factors in cardiomyocytes were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Finerenone effectively lowers blood pressure and improves ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in hypertensive rats. These effects may be mediated via IRE1-dependent regulation of XBP1 and TRAF2, leading to reduced ER stress, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Comparisons among the sham, model, and treatment groups confirm the cardioprotective role of finerenone in hypertensive heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HNRNPC aggravates the symptoms of preeclampsia by regulating m6A-dependent alternative splicing of ACSL3.","authors":"Kan Liu, Tao Tao, Ranhong Li, Huanping Wang, Li Wang, Haiying Wu","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disease causing significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, yet effective prevention and treatment are lacking. The role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (HNRNPC) in preeclampsia, as an alternative splicing factor and m6A reader, is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used RT-qPCR, western blot, and IHC to examine HNRNPC expression in preeclampsia placental tissues. CCK8, wound healing, and Transwell assays assessed HTR-8/SVneo cell functions. A mouse preeclampsia model was established to observe HNRNPC's in-vivo effects. RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and western blot analyzed HNRNPC's regulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 3 (ACSL3) alternative splicing. Co-IP, in-vitro ubiquitination assays, and western blot explored FBXW11-mediated HNRNPC ubiquitination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HNRNPC was highly expressed in placental tissues of preeclampsia. In vitro, HNRNPC inhibited HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. HNRNPC knockdown in mice alleviated preeclampsia symptoms and caused dysregulation of the expression of ferroptosis markers. Mechanistically, HNRNPC bound to ACSL3 RNA, promoted exon 10 skipping. ACSL3 m6A site mutation reduced HNRNPC binding and ACSL3-S isoform. F-box and WD repeat domain containing 11 (FBXW11), as HNRNPC's E3 ubiquitin ligase, ubiquitinated and degraded HNRNPC, contributing to preeclampsia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inhibiting HNRNPC altered the expression of ferroptosis-related markers and alleviated mouse preeclampsia symptoms, indicating HNRNPC as a potential preeclampsia therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of room temperature on home morning, evening, and sleep blood pressure: the Shizuoka study.","authors":"Yasuharu Tabara, Osamu Kusida, Etsuko Ozaki, Nagato Kuriyama, Tetsumei Urano","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cold ambient temperatures are known to increase blood pressure (BP), but the influence of room temperature remains understudied. This study examined the impact of room temperature in morning, evening, and sleep BP measured at home.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 779 adults (mean age: 70.7 years) from a community-based longitudinal study. Home BP was measured for 1 week using a conventional cuff-oscillometric device, whereas sleep BP was automatically recorded at 00 : 00, 02 : 00, and 04 : 00 using a timer-equipped BP monitor. Room temperature was measured concurrently using a thermometer in the BP monitor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 1°C decrease in room temperature increased morning systolic and diastolic BPs by 0.863 and 0.342 mmHg, respectively ( P  < 0.001). The evening systolic and diastolic BPs increased by 0.721 and 0.320 mmHg, respectively ( P  < 0.001). However, sleep systolic (0.076 mmHg, P = 0.181) and diastolic (0.078 mmHg, P  = 0.039) BPs showed weaker associations. The association between morning systolic and diastolic BPs remained significant after adjusting for ambient temperature (0.809 and 0.304 mmHg, respectively; P  < 0.001). Age was the only factor associated with room temperature-related BP changes. Among 433 normotensive individuals (based on 1-week average morning BP), 93 were hypertensive on the coldest day. These participants had higher average morning BPs within the normal range and were more likely to use antihypertensive medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Room temperature significantly influenced home morning and evening BPs but not sleep BP, independent of ambient temperature. Maintaining appropriate room temperatures may aid in BP management at home.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractory hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea.","authors":"Grace Oscullo, Martino F Pengo, Jose Daniel Gómez-Olivas, Carolina Lombardi, Gianfranco Parati, Miguel Angel Martinez-Garcia","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004166","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Refractory hypertension (RfH) is the most difficult-to-control form of hypertension and carries the highest cardiovascular risk. It is estimated to account for 0.5-1% of all forms of hypertension. Sleep apnea syndrome (OSA), defined as the repeated partial or complete interruption of the airway flow during sleep, is highly prevalent, with almost one billion people worldwide suffering from it. Both diseases share a pathophysiological mechanism: the hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. In recent years, a clinical relationship between RfH and OSA has been demonstrated. 80-90% of patients with RfH suffer from OSA, which could partly explain the refractoriness to treatment. Treatment of OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) significantly reduces blood pressure by 8-10 mmHg in patients with RfH.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving blood pressure control with monotherapy: real-world evidence from office and home blood pressure measurements.","authors":"Rodrigo Bezerra, Audes D M Feitosa, Vanildo S Guimarães-Neto, Romero Barbosa, Fábio F Moura, Marco A Mota-Gomes, Annelise M G Paiva, Weimar S Barroso, Roberto D Miranda, Eduardo C D Barbosa, Andréa A Brandão, Cibele I S Rodrigues, Luiz A Bortolotto, José L Lima-Filho, Andrei C Sposito, Wilson Nadruz","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite guidelines discouragement, antihypertensive monotherapy (AH-mono) remains widely used. This study assessed AH-mono prevalence and blood pressure control rates based on office and home measurements (OBP/HBPM) using contemporary targets (<130/80 mmHg). Three distinct cohorts undergoing OBP/HBPM assessments between July 2018 and July 2024 were analyzed: cohort 1 (n = 63 164) included treated patients with a single OBP/HBPM measurement; cohort 2 (n = 5676) comprised treated patients with two OBP/HBPM assessments at different time points; and cohort 3 (n = 974) involved individuals with OBP/HBPM measurements before and after initiating antihypertensive therapy. The prevalence of AH-mono was 42.7% in cohort 1, 36.6 and 32.4% in cohort 2, and 50.7% in cohort 3. Among those receiving AH-mono, OBP/HBPM control rates were 8.5% in cohort 1, 6.7 and 7.3% in Cohort 2, and 7.7% in cohort 3. These real-world findings highlight the persistent high prevalence of AH-mono despite its limited efficacy, with less than 10% of patients achieving blood pressure control.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of aerobic exercise in reducing blood pressure among obese adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ashok Kumar Mandal, Tika Rana, Sunil Shrestha, Muhamad Kamal Mat Hassan, Puisan Au-Yong, Sharifah Zamiah Syed Abdul Kadir, Zulkarnain Jaafar","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aerobic exercise is a well-recognized nonpharmacological intervention for lowering blood pressure (BP) in obese adults, yet its efficacy has not been thoroughly evaluated through meta-analysis. This study analyzed 15 randomized controlled trials (796 participants) comparing aerobic exercise with sedentary controls. Results showed that aerobic exercise significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 3.39 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36-6.42; P = 0.03] and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 2.75 mmHg (95% CI: 1.14-4.35; P = 0.0008). High-intensity aerobic exercise reduced DBP by 3.09 mmHg (P < 0.05) but had an insignificant effect on SBP. Short-term interventions (≤12 weeks) were effective (SBP: 4.26 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure (DBP): 2.77 mmHg, P = 0.01), whereas longer interventions (>12 weeks) showed no statistically significant effects. Low-to-moderate intensity exercises showed negligible effects. Substantial heterogeneity (I2  >  50%) indicates variability across studies. These findings suggest that high-intensity, short-term aerobic excerise programs are effective for reducing BP in obese adults, although further research is needed to clarify long-term outcomes and identify optimal exercise protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morning-to-evening change in home blood pressure as a predictor of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events.","authors":"Jia-Bo Zhu, Jia-Hui Xia, Wen-Yuan-Yue Wang, Yuan-Yuan Kang, Xin-Yu Wang, Yi-Bang Cheng, Qian-Hui Guo, Jian-Feng Huang, Yan Li, Ji-Guang Wang","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004163","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the morning-to-evening changes in home blood pressure (BP) in relation to the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study participants (≥18 years of age) were outpatients enrolled in the China Nationwide Ambulatory and Home Blood Pressure Registry. Home BP was measured at baseline for 7 consecutive days in the morning and evening five times consecutively, of which the first three readings were averaged for analysis. The morning-to-evening changes in home BP were calculated by subtracting the BP values in the morning from that in the evening.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>During a mean (±SD) follow-up of 4.9 (±2.6) years, 184 cardiovascular events occurred among the 5057 study participants. The mean morning-to-evening change in home SBP/DBP was -2.2 ± 8.1/-2.5 ± 4.5 mmHg. The age and sex-standardized incident rate was highest in quartile 1 of the changes in both SBP and DBP for fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, stroke (log-rank test, P  < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, including the mean of morning and evening BP, the hazard ratios for patients in quartile 1 of the morning-to-evening change relative to the overall study participants reached statistical significance for SBP [1.39, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.03-1.88] and DBP (1.59, 95% CI: 1.17-2.15) in relation to fatal and nonfatal stroke, and for diastolic BP in relation to fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events (1.42, 95% CI: 1.13-1.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In outpatients, a mild to moderate BP drop from morning to evening was associated with a significantly higher risk of all cardiovascular events, especially stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood pressure before high altitude exposure: are all individuals healthy with controlled arterial blood pressure?","authors":"Carlo Vignati, Irene Mattavelli, Elisabetta Salvioni, Massimo Mapelli, Beatrice Pezzuto, Jeness Campodonico, Anna Apostolo, Mauro Contini, Pietro Palermo, Piergiuseppe Agostoni","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing accessibility of high altitudes due to modern lifts has led to rise in individuals reaching high elevations without acclimatization or medical screening. Acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia induces hemodynamic and metabolic stress, increasing blood pressure (BP) and heart rate while reducing oxygen saturation. These effects are particularly concerning for individuals with preexisting cardiovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an observational cross-sectional study at the base station (1300 m) of the Skyway Monte Bianco cable car, evaluating the demographic and clinical characteristics of unselected participants before ascent. Data were collected via a biometric multiparametric recording system (Keito K9), measuring SpO2, heart rate, BP, body composition, and medical history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1930 individuals (56% men) participated but anamnestic data were available in 1174 volunteers. Among them, 18% had history of cardiovascular disease, predominantly hypertension (16%). SBP at least 135 mmHg was found in 11.1% of participants, with 4.3% presenting values at least 150 mmHg. The prevalence of individuals with hypertension above the reference limits was higher in cardiac patients. Cardiovascular patients were older, heavier, and had higher BP compared to healthy individuals. Interestingly, no differences in altitude exposure frequency were observed between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that a significant proportion of individuals, including those with cardiovascular disease, reach low altitudes with BP above the reference limits. Given the potential risks associated with hypoxia-induced sympathetic activation, improved screening and preventive strategies should be considered for high-altitude tourism. Further research is needed to assess acute BP variations at different altitudes and their implications for cardiovascular risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation of carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity to aortic stiffness and total arterial compliance in healthy individuals.","authors":"Cemre Çelikbudak Orhon, Dionysios Adamopoulos, Lindsey A Crowe, Lydia Aslanidou, Miklos Kassai, Ibtisam Aslam, François Mach, Jean-François Deux, Jean-Paul Vallée, Nikolaos Stergiopulos","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000004145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-f PWV) is commonly used to assess large artery stiffness, particularly as a surrogate of aortic stiffness. Given that c-f PWV represents the average stiffness of all main arteries along the carotid-to-femoral arterial pathway, without specifically accounting for the stiffness of the proximal aorta, we hypothesized that c-f PWV may not represent stricto sensu the stiffness of the ascending aorta (AAO), which is the main contributor to total arterial compliance (CT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To test our hypothesis, we recruited 45 healthy volunteers from different age groups. We evaluated the relation between c-f PWV and different indices of proximal aorta stiffness calculated from distensibility (AAOdist PWV) and characteristic impedance (Zc) in frequency (AAOZc(f) PWV) and time domain (AAOZc(t) PWV) and compared their relationships with age and CT. 2D phase contrast MRI was performed to measure AAO flow and cross-sectional area. Tonometry was used to obtain c-f PWV and pressure waveforms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In healthy individuals, AAO PWV indices demonstrated a strong relationship with each other (R ≥ 0.86), but c-f PWV did not show high correlations with AAO PWV indices (R ≤ 0.50). All AAO PWV indices increased with age (P ≤ 0.05); however, c-f PWV did not increase from young to middle-aged (P = 0.13) and middle-aged to old age groups (P = 0.28). AAO PWV indices correlated well with CT (R2 ≥ 0.60), whereas c-f PWV did not (R2 = 0.23).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study reveals that a complete understanding of large artery stiffness requires the direct assessment of proximal aortic stiffness rather than surrogate indices such as c-f PWV.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}