Journal of HypertensionPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-11-11DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003924
Gonzalo Saco-Ledo, Pedro L Valenzuela, Jaime Almazán-Polo, Abel Plaza-Florido, Lidia B Alejo, Asunción Bustos, Antía Río-García, Beatriz G Gálvez, Esther Rubio-González, Carmen Fiuza-Luces, Miguel León-Sanz, Araceli Boraita, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Luis M Ruilope, Alejandro Lucia
{"title":"Acute physical exercise and ambulatory blood pressure in resistant hypertension.","authors":"Gonzalo Saco-Ledo, Pedro L Valenzuela, Jaime Almazán-Polo, Abel Plaza-Florido, Lidia B Alejo, Asunción Bustos, Antía Río-García, Beatriz G Gálvez, Esther Rubio-González, Carmen Fiuza-Luces, Miguel León-Sanz, Araceli Boraita, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Luis M Ruilope, Alejandro Lucia","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003924","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The effects of acute physical exercise in patients with resistant hypertension remain largely unexplored compared with hypertensive patients in general. We assessed the short-term effects of acute moderate-intensity (MICE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on the clinic (BP) and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) of patients with resistant hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a crossover randomized controlled design, 10 participants (56 ± 7 years) with resistant hypertension performed three experimental sessions: MICE, HIIE, and control. MICE consisted of continuous treadmill exercise at an intensity of 3-4 metabolic equivalents of energy (METs) until completing 3 kcal/kg and was energy-matched to HIIE (which included six to eight intervals of 3 min duration at 6-7 METs interspersed with 1.5-min rests at 3 METs). In the control session, participants remained seated for 50 min. Flow-mediated vasodilation, autonomic nervous system balance (heart rate variability), exerkines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-15, vascular endothelial growth factor A, irisin, adiponectin, and angiopoietin] and 71 inflammatory-related proteins were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with baseline, HIIE and MICE reduced clinic SBP immediately ( P < 0.001 for both) and 90 min ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.041, respectively) postexercise. HIIE and MICE also reduced clinic DBP immediately postexercise ( P = 0.003 and P = 0.025). By contrast, no changes were found in the control session. On the other hand, no significant effects were noted for 24 h ABP measures or for the rest of variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although in patients with resistant hypertension, acute aerobic exercise induces short-term reductions in clinic BP, this stimulus does not suffice to reduce 24 h ABP or to impact on potential biological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"445-455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HypertensionPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003905
Nora Schwotzer, Yimin Lu, Matthieu Halfon, Manuel Pascual, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Dela Golshayan, Gregoire Wuerzner
{"title":"Prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension after solid organ transplantation: a 5-year follow-up of the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study.","authors":"Nora Schwotzer, Yimin Lu, Matthieu Halfon, Manuel Pascual, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Dela Golshayan, Gregoire Wuerzner","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003905","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) increases cardiovascular risk and is a frequent finding across all solid organ transplant recipients. We describe the prevalence of HTN and uncontrolled HTN, as well as details on pharmacologic treatment of HTN across solid organs transplant recipients up to five years after transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study is nested in the prospective Swiss Transplant Cohort Study ( www.stcs.ch ) that includes kidney, heart, lung, and liver transplantation. Data extraction from 2008 to 2019 was used for this study and follow-up data at 6, 12 and 60 months was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3865 transplant recipients were included for analysis. The prevalence of HTN at 6 and 60 months was 88.9% and 90.4% in kidney ( P = 0.21), 61.8% and 76.1% in liver ( P < 0.01), 72.6% and 84.9% in lung ( P < 0.01), and 89.3% and 85.8% in heart ( P = 0.33) transplant recipients, respectively. The prevalence of uncontrolled HTN at 6 and 60 months was 40.3% and 38.9% in kidney ( P = 0.48), 21.2% and 30.5% in liver ( P = 0.05), 26.0% and 36.8% in lung ( P = 0.03) and 38.9% and 18.5% in heart ( P < 0.01) transplant recipients, respectively. At 12 months, compared to heart transplant recipients, kidney [odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.1], liver (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6) and lung (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.6-4.0) transplant recipients had a higher likelihood of presenting with uncontrolled HTN.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HTN prevalence after solid organ transplantation is high. Uncontrolled and untreated HTN remain a major issue post transplantation, particularly in organ recipients not necessarily suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as liver or lung transplant recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"397-404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HypertensionPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003928
Bin Yu, Yuchen Li, Peng Jia, Shujuan Yang
{"title":"Reply to \"Investigating the mechanisms of PM2.5's impact on blood pressure: establishing a three-tier response strategy\" by Qiang et al.","authors":"Bin Yu, Yuchen Li, Peng Jia, Shujuan Yang","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003928","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":"43 3","pages":"555-556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HypertensionPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-11-07DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003925
Marco A M Alves, Rodrigo Bezerra, Christian S Dal Pont, Marco A Mota-Gomes, Annelise M G Paiva, Weimar S Barroso, Roberto D Miranda, Eduardo C D Barbosa, Andréa A Brandão, José L Lima-Filho, Antonio Coca, Andrei C Sposito, Audes D M Feitosa, Wilson Nadruz
{"title":"Relationship between blood pressure variability and blood pressure phenotypes: a home blood pressure monitoring study.","authors":"Marco A M Alves, Rodrigo Bezerra, Christian S Dal Pont, Marco A Mota-Gomes, Annelise M G Paiva, Weimar S Barroso, Roberto D Miranda, Eduardo C D Barbosa, Andréa A Brandão, José L Lima-Filho, Antonio Coca, Andrei C Sposito, Audes D M Feitosa, Wilson Nadruz","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003925","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Home blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) and BP phenotypes such as white-coat hypertension (WCH), white-coat uncontrolled hypertension (WUCH), masked hypertension (MH) and masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) are predictors of adverse cardiovascular events. This study compared home BPV across BP phenotypes built from abnormal office BP (OBP) and home BP monitoring (HBPM) thresholds defined by three distinct societies [European Society of Hypertension (ESH): OBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and HBPM ≥ 135/85 mmHg; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA): OBP and HBPM ≥ 130/80 mmHg and Brazilian Society of Cardiology (BSC): OBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and HBPM ≥ 130/80 mmHg].</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study evaluated 51 194 treated (37% men, age = 61 ± 15 years) and 56 100 untreated (41% men, age = 54 ± 16 years) individuals from 1045 Brazilian centers who underwent OBP and HBPM measurements. Systolic and diastolic home BPV were estimated as the: standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and the variability independent of the mean of HBPM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of adjusted analysis showed that home BPV parameters were significantly greater in individuals with WCH/WUCH according to the BSC criteria, in those with MH/MUCH defined by the ACC/AHA criteria, and tended to be greater in individuals with either MH/MUCH or WCH/WUCH defined by the ESH criteria.Furthermore, restricted cubic spline analysis showed a U-shaped association between BPV and the difference between OBP and HBPM in treated and untreated individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Home BPV was greater in WCH/WUCH and/or MH/MUCH depending on the criteria used to define abnormal OBP and HBPM thresholds. These findings underscore the need to standardize abnormal BP criteria in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"456-463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hypertension in Sri Lanka: a systematic review of prevalence, control, care delivery and challenges.","authors":"Priyanga Ranasinghe, Thilina Perera, Sandamini Liyanage, Minura Manchanayake, Nilushka Rupasinghe, David J Webb","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003953","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension (HTN) is recognized as a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular deaths in South Asia. Our aim was to furnish a comprehensive analysis of HTN prevalence, trends, control efforts, awareness, barriers in care delivery and associated factors, based on nationally derived evidence in Sri Lanka. A systematic search of online databases ( PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus ), local journals and repositories yielded 6704 results, of which 106 were included. Prevalence of HTN steadily increased from 23.7% (2005-2006) to 34.8% (2021). Associated factors identified were hyperhomocysteinaemia [odds ratio (OR) 2.80], overweight/obesity (OR 2.02), perceived job stress (OR 2.20-3.02), physical inactivity (OR 2.08-2.80), salt intake more than 5 g/day (OR 2.50), smoking (OR 2.31) and waist-to-height ratio more than or equal to 0.5 (OR 2.23). Cohort studies revealed poor blood pressure control and treatment adherence among patients. Pharmacological ( n = 4) and nonpharmacological ( n = 6) interventional studies were few. Studies on knowledge, attitudes and practices demonstrated a lack of public awareness. Despite the high prevalence of HTN in Sri Lanka, many cases remain undiagnosed, underscoring importance of targeted screening programmes and culture-specific public health education programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"371-386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lotte W Voskamp, Melek Rousian, Joni J Koerts, Régine P M Steegers-Theunissen, A H Jan Danser, Koen Verdonk
{"title":"Risk factors for chronic hypertension 5 years after a pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lotte W Voskamp, Melek Rousian, Joni J Koerts, Régine P M Steegers-Theunissen, A H Jan Danser, Koen Verdonk","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately 30% of women with a history of preeclampsia develop chronic hypertension within 10 years of pregnancy. This systematic review summarizes risk factors before, during, and immediately after pregnancy for the development of chronic hypertension 5 years after preeclampsia. Databases were searched with terms 'preeclampsia' and 'postpartum hypertension' or 'cardiovascular disease' up to 30th October 2023. Observational studies reporting chronic hypertension more than 5 years after preeclampsia were included. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Wherever possible, a meta-analysis was conducted. Twenty-one cohort and five case-control studies, with a median quality score of 8/10, were included, involving 197 793 patients and reporting 32 risk factors. Preeclampsia in a subsequent pregnancy is associated with chronic hypertension [risk ratio (RR) 2.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59-3.22, n = 45 626]. Other significant risk factors include early-onset of preeclampsia (<34 weeks gestation), maternal BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and family history of hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spoorthy Kulkarni, Gianfranco Parati, Sripal Bangalore, Grzegorz Bilo, Bum Joon Kim, Kazuomi Kario, Franz Messerli, George Stergiou, Jiguang Wang, William Whiteley, Ian Wilkinson, Peter S Sever
{"title":"Blood pressure variability: a review.","authors":"Spoorthy Kulkarni, Gianfranco Parati, Sripal Bangalore, Grzegorz Bilo, Bum Joon Kim, Kazuomi Kario, Franz Messerli, George Stergiou, Jiguang Wang, William Whiteley, Ian Wilkinson, Peter S Sever","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blood pressure variability (BPV) predicts cardiovascular events independent of mean blood pressure. BPV is defined as short-term (24-h), medium or long- term (weeks, months or years). Standard deviation, coefficient of variation and variation independent of the mean have been used to quantify BPV. High BPV is associated with increasing age, diabetes, smoking and vascular disease and is a consequence of premature ageing of the vasculature. Long-term BPV has been incorporated into cardiovascular risk models (QRISK) and elevated BPV confers an increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes even in subjects with controlled blood pressure. Long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and thiazide diuretics are the only drugs that reduce BPV and for the former explains their beneficial effects on cardiovascular outcomes. We believe that BPV should be incorporated into blood pressure management guidelines and based on current evidence, long-acting dihydropyridines should be preferred drugs in subjects with elevated BPV.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lynda Cheddani, Hélène Lelong, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Jacques Blacher, Sofiane Kab
{"title":"Prediction of incidence of hypertension in France and associated factors: results from the CONSTANCES cohort.","authors":"Lynda Cheddani, Hélène Lelong, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Jacques Blacher, Sofiane Kab","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Estimating hypertension incidence and improving screening in general population could enhance blood pressure control and decrease cardiometabolic risks. Identifying those likely to develop hypertension is essential. Our study focused on predicting onset hypertension and its incidence based on initial characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized data from the French prospective CONSTANCES cohort, including volunteers assessed twice over 5 years up to 31 December 2019, who were initially free from hypertension. Hypertension was defined as having a SBP at least 140 mmHg or DBP at least 90 mmHg during the second checkup or if antihypertensive medication was prescribed. We calculated annual incidence rates among subgroups and used machine learning models to identify predictors of hypertension. The impact of changes in BMI was analyzed using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 11 112 participants (average age 47.5 ± 12 years), 1929 (17.4%) developed hypertension within an average of 5.2 years, with 383 on medication. The incidence rate was 3.4 new cases per 100 person-years, rising with age and consistently higher in men (4.3 vs. 2.8). A blood pressure (BP) threshold of 130 mmHg predicted 70% of new cases. One-point BMI reduction significantly reduced hypertension risk by 16%, regardless of initial BMI and SBP levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reports a notable hypertension incidence of 3.4 new cases per 100 person-years, particularly among those with SBP over 130 mmHg, highlighting the need for regular screening. Early diagnosis and control can mitigate hypertension's adverse effects, emphasizing the crucial role of preventive measures like BMI reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanya Palsma, Jurgen A H R Claassen, Edo Richard, Rianne A A De Heus
{"title":"Day-to-day blood pressure variability in older persons - optimizing measurement.","authors":"Tanya Palsma, Jurgen A H R Claassen, Edo Richard, Rianne A A De Heus","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes but lack of standardized methodology hampers clinical translation. Day-to-day BPV seems most promising for an older population, especially those with cognitive impairment. This study aimed to determine the optimal number of measurements for obtaining day-to-day BPV in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 127 patients attending the geriatric outpatient memory clinic, who measured blood pressure for seven days, morning and evening. Blood pressure measurements of day one were discarded and the coefficient of variation was calculated to assess BPV. Concordance between 7-day BPV (CV7days) and a reduced number of measurement days (CV6days - CV3days) was analysed with Bland-Altman plots, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and an a priori determined threshold of a 95% confidence interval (CI) with a lower bound of 0.75.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 74.6 ± 8.6 years, 49% were female, and had dementia or mild cognitive impairment in 37% and 33% respectively. Reducing the number of measurement days resulted in wider limits of agreement. Concordance decreased when reducing measurement days and reached our predefined threshold with four measurement days (ICC = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.87 - 0.93). BPV derived from five measurement days showed a similar relationship with diagnosis as our reference BPV value obtained with seven days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that systolic home blood pressure should be measured in the morning and evening for at least five consecutive days in duplicate to obtain reliable day-to-day BPV values in older adults with cognitive complaints.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Superior cervical ganglionectomy attenuates vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats.","authors":"Jing-Xiao Wang, Xiao-Yu Xu, Yi-Ming Wang, Ai-Dong Chen, Yue-Hua Li, Guo-Qing Zhu, Xiao-Qing Xiong","doi":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003883","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000003883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sympathetic hyperactivity contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, it is unclear whether the excessive sympathetic activity is an independent and crucial factor for vascular remodeling in hypertension. This study focused on the effect of local sympathetic denervation with superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGx) on vascular remodeling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Surgical bilateral SCGx was performed in 9-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Control rats received sham-operation without SCGx. All measurements were made 4 weeks after the surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effectiveness of SCGx was confirmed by the eye features of Horner syndrome, greatly reduced tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) contents in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG)-innervated arteries in the head. Although SCGx had no significant effects on blood pressure and heart rate in WKY and SHR, it attenuated vascular remodeling of facial artery and superficial temporal artery in SHR, two representative SCG-innervated extracranial arteries, without significant effects on non-SCG-innervated thoracic aorta and mesenteric artery. SCGx-treated SHR had more auricular blood flow and retina microvasculature than sham-operated SHR. However, SCGx had only a mild effect in attenuating the vascular remodeling of basilar artery and middle cerebral artery, two representative SCG-innervated intracranial arteries, in SHR. SCGx-treated SHR exhibited upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin, downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation in facial artery and superficial temporal artery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sympathetic denervation by SCGx in SHR attenuated local vascular remodeling, suggesting that sympathetic overactivity is a crucial pathogenic factor of vascular remodeling in SHR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16043,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"236-245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}