Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献_第7页

Flux Footprints Over a Forested Hill Derived From a Lagrangian Particle Model Coupled Into a Large-Eddy Simulation Model 基于拉格朗日粒子模型与大涡模拟模型耦合的森林山丘通量足迹

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043591

Shizuo Fu, Jing M. Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Zhiqiang Cheng, Guofang Miao, Rong Wang, Mengmiao Yang, Hongda Zeng

{"title":"Flux Footprints Over a Forested Hill Derived From a Lagrangian Particle Model Coupled Into a Large-Eddy Simulation Model","authors":"Shizuo Fu, Jing M. Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Zhiqiang Cheng, Guofang Miao, Rong Wang, Mengmiao Yang, Hongda Zeng","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043591","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043591","url":null,"abstract":"Flux footprints are widely used in the study of turbulent flux measurements. Most of the existing footprint models assume horizontal homogeneity. However, as more and more flux towers are established over complex terrain, it is necessary to advance our understanding of footprints over complex terrain. Here we use a Lagrangian particle model coupled into a large-eddy simulation model to investigate footprints over an idealized 2-dimensional forested hill. Coordinate rotation, which is similar to that performed in real eddy-covariance measurement, is considered in the calculation of footprints. For detectors over the upwind slope, their footprints are generally larger than the footprints of the detectors over the upwind flat ground. For detectors over the separation point, which is slightly downwind of the hill crest, their footprints extend both in the upwind and downwind directions. For detectors over the downwind slope and away from the separation point, their footprints also extend to the downwind direction, provided that the sources are released at the lower half of the canopy. This substantial downwind extension is in contrast to the conventional viewpoint. It is found that the footprints for the whole soil-canopy system can be calculated by assuming that the canopy source/sink occurs at the single layer with the strongest source/sink. Compared to the footprints calculated with coordinate rotation, footprints calculated without coordinate rotation extend much farther upwind for detectors over the upwind slope, and have opposite signs for detectors over the downwind slope.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Double Bright Band Originating From Atmospheric Instability Based on Ka-Band Radar Observation at Wuhan in China 基于武汉ka波段雷达观测的大气不稳定双亮波段

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044533

Rang Cao, Kai Ming Huang, Fan Yi, Jun Jie Fang, Zi Rui Zhang, Fang Zheng Cheng, Jun Li

{"title":"A Double Bright Band Originating From Atmospheric Instability Based on Ka-Band Radar Observation at Wuhan in China","authors":"Rang Cao, Kai Ming Huang, Fan Yi, Jun Jie Fang, Zi Rui Zhang, Fang Zheng Cheng, Jun Li","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044533","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD044533","url":null,"abstract":"Using observation from a Ka-band cloud radar at a midlatitude station, we present a double melting layer (ML) bright band phenomenon in stratiform precipitation, which is found to originate from atmospheric instability rather than warm front passage in earlier reports. In radar observations, a preexisting bright band experiences a descent and then rises back to its initial height after a little while over an hour. During the two transitions, a weak and a strong double bright band occurs, respectively. When the double bright band arises, hydrometeors undergo incomplete melting in the upper ML and subsequently refreeze before entering the lower ML. Reanalysis and radiosonde data show that there is no significant change in the zonal and meridional winds, but a strong updraft is induced due to the occurrence of atmospheric instability. Analysis indicated that the instability is caused by intense atmospheric convergence; in the meantime, there are lots of upward Doppler velocities for hydrometeors in the radar measurement, confirming the occurrence of convection due to the instability. Hence, the expansion effect of updrafts causes cooling, and then, the temperature gradually recovers from the high to low levels as the updrafts weaken and ultimately cease, leading to the thermal inversion layer associated with the double bright band.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Climatic Effects of Anthropogenic Heat Release Due To Energy Consumption in Southwest China in Boreal Summer Using VR-CESM2 基于VR-CESM2的中国西南寒带夏季能源消耗人为放热气候效应研究

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD043188

Xiaoyu Jiang, Weiyi Wang, Bing Chen, Chenglai Wu, Guo Lin, Huiyi Yang, Xue Wu, Tao Luo

{"title":"Exploring the Climatic Effects of Anthropogenic Heat Release Due To Energy Consumption in Southwest China in Boreal Summer Using VR-CESM2","authors":"Xiaoyu Jiang, Weiyi Wang, Bing Chen, Chenglai Wu, Guo Lin, Huiyi Yang, Xue Wu, Tao Luo","doi":"10.1029/2024JD043188","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JD043188","url":null,"abstract":"With the growth of the economy and population, along with the development of urbanization in southwest China (SWC), the impacts of anthropogenic heat release (AHR) from energy consumption on the climate in this region have gradually increased. This study uses the high-resolution variable-resolution Community Earth System Model Version 2 (VR-CESM2) to simulate the impacts of AHR on the summer climate in SWC from 1995 to 2014 while also exploring the possible climate feedback mechanisms considering the complex terrain of SWC. The results indicate that AHR significantly enhanced southeastward moisture transport and weakened southwestward moisture transport in SWC. This shift results in increased vertical upward motion over the western Sichuan Basin and the western and southeastern parts of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, leading to increased precipitation with a regional average increase of 0.1 mm per day. AHR contributes to wetter summers in SWC and increased cloud cover, which further affects the surface energy balance. In the Sichuan Basin, AHR significantly raised summer temperatures, with a regional average increase of 0.04°C; in some areas, temperatures have risen by as much as 0.4°C. Compared to previous findings obtained from coarse-resolution models, the high-resolution VR-CESM model provided a more accurate simulation of the climatic effects of AHR, as it better accommodates the unique terrain of SWC. In summary, this study uses the high-resolution VR-CESM2 to explore the impacting mechanisms of AHR on the climate in SWC, which is crucial for understanding climate change in this region.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HONO Emission From Rice Paddies and its Impact on Atmospheric HONO Budget 稻田HONO排放及其对大气HONO收支的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043667

Min Zhou, Hongli Wang, Guo Li, Chaoyang Xue, Xiaoyong Qian, Fengxia Bao, Jiacheng Zeng, Wenling Liao, Yuhang Wu, Xiang Ding, Saiwei Zhang, Jingyu An, Chenyang Du, Shengrong Lou, Shengao Jing, Dan Dan Huang, Cheng Huang, Qingyan Fu, Yafang Cheng, Hang Su

{"title":"HONO Emission From Rice Paddies and its Impact on Atmospheric HONO Budget","authors":"Min Zhou, Hongli Wang, Guo Li, Chaoyang Xue, Xiaoyong Qian, Fengxia Bao, Jiacheng Zeng, Wenling Liao, Yuhang Wu, Xiang Ding, Saiwei Zhang, Jingyu An, Chenyang Du, Shengrong Lou, Shengao Jing, Dan Dan Huang, Cheng Huang, Qingyan Fu, Yafang Cheng, Hang Su","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043667","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043667","url":null,"abstract":"Soil emissions play a key role in regulating the atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) budget and thus atmospheric chemistry. However, there are large uncertainties related to the HONO budget due to a lack of field measurements to support mechanistic studies. Here, we performed flux measurements of HONO emissions from rice paddies in Shanghai and evaluated their potential impact on the atmospheric HONO budget. Our results show distinct roles of rice paddies between daytime and nighttime. Unfertilized rice paddies emit HONO during the daytime with an average flux of 0.68 ± 1.37 ng N m−2 s−1, which corresponds to ∼10% of the total atmospheric HONO production for a daytime mixing layer height of 100 m. However, rice paddies act as a sink for HONO at night due to deposition and the high solubility of HONO in paddy water with an average flux of −0.30 ± 0.73 ng N m−2 s−1. Our correlation analyses reveal that water evaporation is a crucial factor influencing HONO emissions from rice paddies. Furthermore, the average HONO flux in rice paddies after nitrogen fertilization increased up to 2.24 ng N m−2 s−1 and contributed ∼40% to atmospheric HONO production. HONO emissions from rice paddies were estimated to be 0.10 ± 0.25 kg N ha−1 over the entire cultivation cycle (∼150 days) with an emission factor of 1.3 × 10−3 relative to the applied nitrogen. Our results highlight the crucial impact of rice paddies on the atmospheric HONO budget especially in regions and/or during periods when combustion sources have limited influence.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TEMPO Aerosol Optical Depth and Aerosol Layer Height Retrieval Algorithm TEMPO气溶胶光学深度和气溶胶层高度检索算法

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044082

Hai Zhang, Shobha Kondragunta, Pubu Ciren

{"title":"TEMPO Aerosol Optical Depth and Aerosol Layer Height Retrieval Algorithm","authors":"Hai Zhang, Shobha Kondragunta, Pubu Ciren","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044082","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD044082","url":null,"abstract":"We developed an aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol layer height (ALH) retrieval algorithm for Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO), the first geostationary sensor for monitoring air pollution over North America by enhancing state-of-the-art algorithms originally developed for polar-orbiting satellites to generate a suite of aerosol products. Specifically, the AOD retrieval is adapted from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite retrieval algorithm using blue and red bands, and ALH retrieval is adapted from Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument algorithm using O2B band. Analysis of initial results indicated that TEMPO top of the atmosphere (TOA) reflectances have positive biases across different wavelengths. Therefore, we developed a soft calibration by deriving regression relationships calculated TOA reflectance with measured TOA reflectance over the ocean. The retrieved AOD and ALH show significant improvements compared to those without soft calibration, particularly over water. Compared to AErosol RObotic NETwork AOD, the retrieved TEMPO AOD has a correlation of 0.83, a bias of −0.01 and a root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) of 0.10 over land, and a correlation of 0.90, a bias of −0.05, and an RMSE of 0.08 over water. The ALH retrievals are compared against measurements from the High Spectral Resolution Lidar 2, which show a bias of 0.14 km, an RMSE of 1.19 km over land and a bias of −1.12 km, an RMSE of 1.25 km over water. Simultaneous retrieval of AOD and ALH is critical to estimate surface concentrations of fine particulate matter to monitor and forecast air quality.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD044082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

USTC-PRM: A Parameterized Approach for Profile Retrieval of Aerosol and Trace Gases USTC-PRM：气溶胶和微量气体剖面反演的参数化方法

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043410

Zhiguo Zhang, Qihua Li, Chuan Lu, Xiangguang Ji, Chengzhi Xing, Yanyu Kang, Qihou Hu, Guiqian Tang, Cheng Liu

{"title":"USTC-PRM: A Parameterized Approach for Profile Retrieval of Aerosol and Trace Gases","authors":"Zhiguo Zhang, Qihua Li, Chuan Lu, Xiangguang Ji, Chengzhi Xing, Yanyu Kang, Qihou Hu, Guiqian Tang, Cheng Liu","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043410","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043410","url":null,"abstract":"Profiles of aerosol and trace gases are crucial for assessing air pollution changes, identifying the high-altitude transport of pollutants, and providing a foundation for tracing pollution sources. This study introduces the USTC Parameterized Retrieval Method (USTC-PRM), an algorithm for retrieving profiles of aerosol extinction and trace gas concentration from MAX-DOAS measurements. Using the Radiative Transfer Model (RTM), we evaluate the impact of various observation geometries and profile shapes on the air mass factor (AMF) and establish the look-up table (LUT). USTC-PRM overcomes the underestimation of high-altitude aerosols by optimal estimation method (OEM) since it does not rely on prior profiles. The correlation between the retrieved AOD and AERONET AOD is 0.896, compared to 0.826 for the contrasted OEM. For trace gas retrieval, we propose a real-time LUT establishment method based on retrieved aerosol profiles, significantly reducing memory requirements by over 90% (7.8 GB) and improving the correlation with in situ measurements from 0.867 to 0.911. Additionally, we introduce the concept of look-up error table (LET) to quantify the AMF bias by retrieving it from LUT. We establish a quality evaluation system based on fitting results, LUT errors, and parameter statistics. Using synthetic data and long-term MAX-DOAS measurements, USTC-PRM demonstrates high performance in retrieving profiles under various aerosol scenarios across high, medium, and low extinction levels, while also identifying abnormal situations, such as foggy and cloudy conditions. USTC-PRM provides a robust, accurate and efficient approach for MAX-DOAS profile retrieval, which can be utilized for studying regional transport and tracing atmospheric pollutants.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory Wind Profiles in Convective Storm Environments and Cold Pools at the ARM Southern Great Plains Atmospheric Observatory 南大平原大气观测站对流风暴环境和冷池中Monin-Obukhov相似理论风廓线的评价

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043659

Jesse Castillo, Ian N. Williams

{"title":"Evaluation of Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory Wind Profiles in Convective Storm Environments and Cold Pools at the ARM Southern Great Plains Atmospheric Observatory","authors":"Jesse Castillo, Ian N. Williams","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043659","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043659","url":null,"abstract":"Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) is widely used in numerical weather prediction to model surface fluxes of momentum, heat, and water vapor. However, MOST is based on assumptions of steady state and horizontally homogeneous turbulence that can lead to prediction errors in and around convective storms. To understand the nature of these errors, we used wind and eddy covariance flux measurements from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains Atmospheric Observatory to evaluate MOST wind profiles in fair-weather and convective storm environments, specifically those of mesoscale convective systems and ordinary thunderstorms. MOST wind profiles agreed well with observations in fair-weather cases, while in convective storm cases the theory systematically overestimated shear in cold pools after gust front passage. Surface layer stability was found to be important in assessing MOST within convective storm environments. The overestimation of wind shear in cold pools suggests the role of non-local fluxes in transferring momentum downward. We discuss reasons for differences and agreement with past studies, and conclude with recommendations to improve prediction of surface winds and fluxes in convective storm simulations.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043659","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intensifying Climatic Effects of the Indian Ocean Dipole Exaggerates Australia Bushfires Risk 印度洋偶极子的气候效应加剧加剧了澳大利亚丛林大火的风险

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043936

Shanshan Wang, Jianping Huang, Yiwei Pang, Xiaoping Li, Yuanyuan Hu, Yongli He

{"title":"Intensifying Climatic Effects of the Indian Ocean Dipole Exaggerates Australia Bushfires Risk","authors":"Shanshan Wang, Jianping Huang, Yiwei Pang, Xiaoping Li, Yuanyuan Hu, Yongli He","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043936","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043936","url":null,"abstract":"Southeastern Australia (SEA) is no stranger to bushfires, but the 2019–2020 season was unprecedented in both size and intensity, accompanied with record-breaking high temperature and rainfall deficit. Future projections warn that Australia's fire season will face more frequent droughts and heat waves if emissions are not significantly reduced. Although studies have indicated 2019 extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole’s (pIOD) important contribution to this mega bushfire, our research study highlights IOD's climatic effect on SEA varied and intensified in recent decades. Due to anthropogenic climate change, the likelihood of pIOD-induced severe bushfires danger has risen by 16%–32%. Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 projections reveal that SEA will inevitably face an increasing crisis with bushfire in a warmer future. Under the plausible high-emission scenario SSP370, pIOD-induced mega bushfires comparable to the 2019–2020 event increase at nearly 1.8 times the rate of medium-emission SSP245, whereas the upper-bound SSP585 scenario projects over twice SSP245's increase.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes Observed in Cloud-Top Heights by MISR From 2002 to 2021 2002 - 2021年MISR观测的云顶高度变化

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044629

Roger Davies, Catherine Moroney

{"title":"Changes Observed in Cloud-Top Heights by MISR From 2002 to 2021","authors":"Roger Davies, Catherine Moroney","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044629","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD044629","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed cloud heights measured by the Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer on the Terra satellite from 1 April 2002–31 March 2021. Throughout these 19 years, the equatorial crossing time of Terra's orbit varied by less than 1 min from its mean value. This variation created a homogeneous time series of deseasonalized and deregionalized height anomalies unaffected by sun-glint position changes. We analyzed the changes in effective cloud height (i.e., the integral of cloud occurrence weighted by cloud-top height) and the influence of all altitudes, from the surface to 20 km, on the effective height. We show that cloud fractions tended to decrease at low altitudes, especially in the tropics, and to increase at high altitudes for most latitudes. The globally effective height has very likely risen, at an average rate of about 1 m/yr. The rise was most significant at high latitudes, reaching 5 ± 1 m/yr between 45°N and 65°N. Tropical high clouds have risen, but this was offset by a reduction in tropical low clouds, resulting in an insignificant change in tropical effective height. The increase in effective height typically reduces the outgoing longwave radiation, thereby augmenting the cloud greenhouse effect. The observed height increase may be an adjustment to the radiative forcing of the stratosphere over 19 years that presumably causes changes in upper tropospheric stability, the tropopause, the Brewer-Dobson circulation, etc. If so, the observed height increase should be included in modeling the effective radiative forcing.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD044629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Zonally Symmetric Oscillations in the Middle Atmosphere and Their Relationship With Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Warmings 大气中层纬向对称振荡的特征及其与北极平流层突然变暖的关系

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044024

Shuyue Zhao, Sheng-Yang Gu, Yusong Qin, Hao Chen, Liang Tang, Yuxuan Liu, Yafei Wei

{"title":"Characteristics of Zonally Symmetric Oscillations in the Middle Atmosphere and Their Relationship With Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Warmings","authors":"Shuyue Zhao, Sheng-Yang Gu, Yusong Qin, Hao Chen, Liang Tang, Yuxuan Liu, Yafei Wei","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044024","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD044024","url":null,"abstract":"Using the zonal wind data from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2, this study investigates the relationship between zonally symmetric oscillations (S0, wavenumber zero) in the middle atmosphere and Arctic sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events from 2004/2005 to 2023/2024. A total of 49 SSW and 31 S0 events were identified, with all S0 events occurring within ±20 days of SSW onset. Of these, 95% of S0 events occurred within 8.9 days of the nearest SSW onset, indicating a temporal association between S0 and SSW events. We classified the S0 into four scenarios: before and during major and minor SSW events. The average peak amplitude of S0 was higher before the onset of major SSW and after the onset of minor SSW, with the average peak amplitudes reaching 25.6 and 26.1 m/s, respectively. This variation is related to the Arctic background wind field: weak westerlies before major SSWs facilitate the propagation of S0, while reversed winds during SSWs suppress its propagation. In contrast, during minor SSW events, the weakening westerlies are favorable for the propagation of S0. Among the 31 identified S0 events, 13 (42%) are likely triggered by nonlinear interactions between traveling planetary waves and the stationary planetary wave with zonal wave number 1 (SPW1), as demonstrated by Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux diagnostics and nonlinear interaction analysis. For the remaining 58% of events, other mechanisms, such as wave-mean flow interactions and momentum deposition from gravity waves and tides, may be responsible.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0