Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献_第10页

Regimes of Cloud Vertical Structure From Active Observations

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041716

Dongmin Lee, Lazaros Oreopoulos, Nayeong Cho

{"title":"Regimes of Cloud Vertical Structure From Active Observations","authors":"Dongmin Lee, Lazaros Oreopoulos, Nayeong Cho","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041716","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a new type of cloud class, which we call “active cloud regime” (ACR), owing to its provenance from active (lidar and cloud radar) spaceborne cloud observations. ACRs intend to provide a climatological description based on cloud vertical structure (CVS) of the most prevalent monthly CVS mixtures encountered at large spatial scales of ∼400 km. ACRs are thus a way to create a gridded data set of a vertically resolved cloud mask that can facilitate joint analysis with other gridded data sets. The detailed 2D cloud mask comes from the 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR CloudSat data set fusing CALIPSO (lidar) and CloudSat (cloud radar) cloud detections. We show that the global classification of cloudiness under the ACR framework provides valuable insights on how the world's dominant cloud systems regulate the two major components of atmospheric energetics, precipitation and radiative cooling. NASA's GEOS model allows us to demonstrate the feasibility of applying the ACR concept in Earth System Models that have the capability to produce subgrid cloudiness obeying pre-specified vertical overlap rules. Comparison of observed and simulated ACRs provides thus another means to assess the realism of modeled clouds.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arctic Sea Ice Prediction Based on Multi-Scale Graph Modeling With Conservation Laws

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042136

Lan Wei, Nikolaos M. Freris

引用次数: 0

On the Use of InSAR for Estimating Timing Errors in Harmonie-Arome Water Vapor Fields

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1029/2023JD040566

Gert Mulder, Jan Barkmeijer, Siebren de Haan, Freek van Leijen, Ramon Hanssen

{"title":"On the Use of InSAR for Estimating Timing Errors in Harmonie-Arome Water Vapor Fields","authors":"Gert Mulder, Jan Barkmeijer, Siebren de Haan, Freek van Leijen, Ramon Hanssen","doi":"10.1029/2023JD040566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040566","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its sensitivity to water vapor, high resolution, and global availability, interferometric satellite radar (InSAR) has a large but unexploited potential for the improvement of regional NWP models. A relatively straightforward approach is to exploit the exact instantaneous character of the InSAR data in data assimilation to improve the timing of NWP model realizations. Here we show the potential impact of InSAR data on the NWP model timing and subsequently on improved model performance. By time-shifting the model to find the best match with the InSAR data we show that we can achieve a model error reduction (one-sigma) of up to 40% in cases where weather fronts are present, while other cases show more modest improvements. Most model performance gain due to time-shifts can therefore be achieved in cases where weather fronts are present over the study area. The model-timing errors related to the maximum model error reduction for these cases are in the order of <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>∼</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${sim} $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>30 min.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023JD040566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupled High-Resolution Land-Atmosphere Modeling for Hydroclimate and Terrestrial Hydrology in Alaska and the Yukon River Basin (1990–2021)

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041185

Yifan Cheng, Anthony Craig, Keith Musselman, Andrew Bennett, Mark Seefeldt, Joseph Hamman, Andrew J. Newman

{"title":"Coupled High-Resolution Land-Atmosphere Modeling for Hydroclimate and Terrestrial Hydrology in Alaska and the Yukon River Basin (1990–2021)","authors":"Yifan Cheng, Anthony Craig, Keith Musselman, Andrew Bennett, Mark Seefeldt, Joseph Hamman, Andrew J. Newman","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041185","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroclimate and terrestrial hydrology greatly influence the local community, ecosystem, and economy in Alaska and Yukon River Basin. A high-resolution simulation of the historical climate in Alaska can provide an important benchmark for climate change studies. In this study, we utilized the Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) and conducted coupled land-atmosphere modeling for Alaska and Yukon River Basin at 4-km grid spacing. In RASM, the land model was replaced with the Community Terrestrial Systems Model (CTSM) given its comprehensive process representations for cold regions. The microphysics schemes in the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) atmospheric model were manually tuned for optimal model performance. This study aims to maintain good model performance for both hydroclimate and terrestrial hydrology, especially streamflow, which was rarely a priority in coupled models. Therefore, we implemented a strategy of iterative testing and optimization of CTSM. A multi-decadal climate data set (1990–2021) was generated using RASM with optimized land parameters and manually tuned WRF microphysics. When evaluated against multiple observational data sets, this data set well captures the climate statistics and spatial distributions for five key weather variables and hydrologic fluxes, including precipitation, air temperature, snow fraction, evaporation-to-precipitation ratios, and streamflow. The simulated precipitation shows wet bias during the spring season and simulated air temperatures exhibit dampened seasonality with warm biases in winter and cold biases in summer. We used transfer entropy to investigate the discrepancy in connectivity of hydrologic and energy fluxes between the offline CTSM and coupled models, which contributed to their discrepancy in streamflow simulations.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of WISHE in the Rapid Intensification of Super Typhoon Hinnamnor (2022)

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041864

Hui Wang, Dajun Zhao, Hongxiong Xu, Qian Wang, Jia Liang, Tzu-Hsiung Yen

{"title":"The Role of WISHE in the Rapid Intensification of Super Typhoon Hinnamnor (2022)","authors":"Hui Wang, Dajun Zhao, Hongxiong Xu, Qian Wang, Jia Liang, Tzu-Hsiung Yen","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041864","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the role of the wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE) in rapid intensification (RI) is investigated in a numerical model. During the development of Hinnamnor, its energy growth rate (EGR) continuously increases as RI progresses. After Hinnamnor reaches its maximum intensity, although its EGR weakens a little, it remains relatively large. If it had not been for the influence of the external environment (such as the tropical depression), its maximum intensity would have been far greater than the actual maximum intensity (140 knots). As the WISHE effect progressively weakens, the number of convective bursts (CBs) gradually diminishes. This, in turn, gives rise to a corresponding weakening of the warm core and a subsequent delay in the start time of the axisymmetrization of the inner core, thereby affecting the intensification rate of the vortex and the final maximum intensity. Consequently, the start time of RI is also correspondingly postponed. Differing from the maximum potential intensity theory, when the EGR approaches zero, a TC does not immediately reach its maximum intensity. Instead, it attains its peak intensity approximately 12 hr later. During this additional 12 hr period, the number of CBs continues to increase, the warm core keeps on strengthening and the inner core continues its progress toward axisymmetric until the end of the RI process. This indicates that the dynamical and thermodynamical processes are also of great importance during the RI stage.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insight Into the Environment Implication of Primary and Photochemical Aging Processes of Nitrogen-Containing Organic Chromophores From Residential Fuel Combustion Over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042372

Qian Zhang, Ziqi Meng, Zhenxing Shen, Jiaxue Zhao, Bin Zhang, Yaling Zeng, Hongmei Xu, Qiyuan Wang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Zhihua Li

{"title":"Insight Into the Environment Implication of Primary and Photochemical Aging Processes of Nitrogen-Containing Organic Chromophores From Residential Fuel Combustion Over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Qian Zhang, Ziqi Meng, Zhenxing Shen, Jiaxue Zhao, Bin Zhang, Yaling Zeng, Hongmei Xu, Qiyuan Wang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Zhihua Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042372","url":null,"abstract":"The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (TPL), crucial for the global climate, lacks a comprehensive understanding of nitrogen-containing organic compound (NOCs) emissions and their impact on light absorption and radiative forcing through atmospheric oxidation. This study examined NOCs from dung and bitumite combustion in the TPL and their atmospheric oxidation by hydroxyl (·OH) and nitrate (·NO3) radicals using an integrated experimental and theoretical approach. Dung produced higher NOC emissions, mainly methyl types, while bitumite emitted more fused-ring NOCs. Exposure to intense solar radiation resulted in substantial photobleaching of methyl NOCs through hydroxyl (·OH) reactions, reducing the maximum molar absorption at 300–400 nm wavelengths by 76.9%–96.4%. Moreover, nitrate radical (·NO3) oxidation maintained spectral characteristics while producing minor absorption decreases of 48.9%–58.8%. The oxidative aging of fused-ring NOCs exhibited structure-dependent responses, wherein both ·NO3 and ·OH oxidation induced photo-enhancement effects proportional to the number of aromatic rings in the molecular structure. Oxidation generally reduced radiative forcing for methyl NOCs but enhanced it for fused-ring NOCs, particularly through ·OH reactions, which increased simple forcing efficiency at 300–400 nm by 43.7%. This study provides crucial insights into NOCs' effects on regional climate and air quality, emphasizing the need for source-specific considerations in atmospheric models for TPL's unique high-altitude environment.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of Common Land Model in Simulating the Land Surface Thermal and Hydrological Processes Over China Improved by Including the Sub-Grid Terrain Solar Radiative Effect

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2023JD039775

Xindan Zhang, Anning Huang, Xianyu Yang, Chunlei Gu, Shuxin Cai, Jiangxin Luo

{"title":"Performance of Common Land Model in Simulating the Land Surface Thermal and Hydrological Processes Over China Improved by Including the Sub-Grid Terrain Solar Radiative Effect","authors":"Xindan Zhang, Anning Huang, Xianyu Yang, Chunlei Gu, Shuxin Cai, Jiangxin Luo","doi":"10.1029/2023JD039775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD039775","url":null,"abstract":"The sub-grid terrain solar radiative effect (STSRE) significantly affects the heterogeneity of the surface downward solar radiation (SDSR) over mountainous areas, which further exerts remarkable influences on simulations of surface energy budgets and hydrological processes. Given that two thirds of China is mountainous, we have systematically revealed the noticeable STSRE impacts on the performance of the Common Land Model (CoLM) in simulating land surface thermal and hydrological processes over China. Validations indicate that adopting the three dimensional (3D) STSRE scheme clearly improves the CoLM's ability in simulating the land thermal and moist characteristics over China in almost all seasons, and the improvements increase with the terrain complexity increasing. Over the regions with the most rugged terrain, adopting the 3D STSRE scheme can remarkably reduce the overestimated SDSR and thereafter land surface temperature (LST) warm biases in the CoLM with the plane-parallel radiative scheme. The modeled snow cover increases corresponding to the reduced LST with the Taylor score improved the most by 52.84% in summer, and the modeled evapotranspiration (ET) over southeastern Tibet and the Hengduan Mountains is also notably improved in summer. Further analysis indicates that the surface net radiation well corrected by the 3D STSRE scheme firstly reduces the warm biases of LST simulation using the plane-parallel radiative scheme over strong terrain shaded areas, directly leading to the depressed sensible heat flux and ET and more snow accumulation, then the inhibited ET and increased snow accumulation jointly affect the runoff and soil moisture simulations and thereafter latent heat simulation.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Numerical Study of the Impact of Topography on the July 2021 Extreme Rainfall Event in Zhengzhou, China

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041332

Jingju Wang, Shaoqing Zhang, Xiaolin Yu, Yishuai Jin, Xing Liu, Yiling Qi, Gao Yang, Mingkui Li

{"title":"A Numerical Study of the Impact of Topography on the July 2021 Extreme Rainfall Event in Zhengzhou, China","authors":"Jingju Wang, Shaoqing Zhang, Xiaolin Yu, Yishuai Jin, Xing Liu, Yiling Qi, Gao Yang, Mingkui Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041332","url":null,"abstract":"An unprecedented extreme rainfall event occurred in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China, in July 2021. To understand the impact of local topography on this extreme rainfall event, the Weather Research and Forecasting model is configured with 27 and 9 km model grid spacings (MGS), along with United States Geological Survey (USGS) topography data at 8.3 and 0.9 km resolutions, called MGS27_USGS8.3, MGS9_USGS8.3, and MGS9_USGS0.9. Results show that the 9 km MGS, permitting activities with coarse γ scales (∼20 km), successfully reproduces the generation of mesoscale cyclones. However, the finer topography enables a more accurate representation of orographic blocking and lifting effects, thereby adjusting the position of the mesoscale cyclone. It can depict the location of adiabatic processes, local circulation, and vertical pressure gradient forces more accurately, thereby adjusting the position of topography-induced vertical motions. The turbulence diagnostics show that the topography-induced lifting motion enhances clouds that block longwave radiation, leading to local environment warming, which in turn enhances turbulence and further amplifies the updrafts, ultimately improving the spatial distribution and temporal variation of precipitation. This study provides insights for an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of topography on extreme rainfall.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural Difference on the Response of Microphysical and Precipitation Processes to Aerosol Perturbation in a Quasi-Stationary Southwest Vortex System

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041767

Yuhang He, Pengguo Zhao, Hui Xiao, Chuanfeng Zhao

{"title":"Structural Difference on the Response of Microphysical and Precipitation Processes to Aerosol Perturbation in a Quasi-Stationary Southwest Vortex System","authors":"Yuhang He, Pengguo Zhao, Hui Xiao, Chuanfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041767","url":null,"abstract":"Using the WRF coupled with Thompson aerosol-aware microphysics scheme, a quasi-stationary southwest vortex (SWV) precipitation process occurring in the Sichuan Basin is simulated. Based on three experiments with low aerosol concentration background (“Low”), medium aerosol concentration background (“Medium”), and high aerosol concentration background (“High”), the effects of hydrophilic aerosol serving as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) on microphysical and precipitation processes are investigated. Results indicate the impact of hydrophilic aerosol on clouds and precipitation structure exhibits structural difference. Aerosol increases from “Low” to “Medium”, precipitation in middle circle of SWV decreases, precipitation in outer circle of SWV increases. Because the outer circle of SWV with strong convection competes with the middle circle of SWV for liquid droplets, leading to a reduction in ice-phase particles in middle circle of SWV. In contrast, more ice-phase particles are formed in outer circle of SWV. The increased ice-phase particles melt into raindrops, leading to an increase in precipitation. Aerosol increases from “Medium” to “High”, precipitation in middle circle of SWV increases, precipitation in outer circle of SWV decreases. The size of liquid droplets formed in outer circle of SWV further becomes smaller. This is not conducive to the formation of ice-phase particles, leading to weaker convection, which makes it becomes less competitive. A large number of small cloud droplets in middle circle of SWV are transported above the freezing layer and participate in the formation of ice-phase particles. The released latent heat promotes convective development, resulting in more precipitation.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD041767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Dynamical Downscaling Framework for Tropical Cyclone Activity Over the Western North Pacific

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041946

Pingan Wang, Chao Wang, Liguang Wu, Jian Cao, Haikun Zhao

{"title":"A Dynamical Downscaling Framework for Tropical Cyclone Activity Over the Western North Pacific","authors":"Pingan Wang, Chao Wang, Liguang Wu, Jian Cao, Haikun Zhao","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041946","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the limited theoretical framework for tropical cyclone (TC) formation, the current downscaling strategies for TC activity face challenges in accurately capturing climate variations in TC genesis and the subsequent track and intensity in the western North Pacific (WNP). In this study, we introduce the recently developed dynamical genesis potential index (DGPI) into a new downscaling framework for TC activity in the WNP. Our findings indicate that the framework effectively reproduces the mean spatial distribution of TC genesis and track frequency, along with the frequency distribution of TC intensity. It also demonstrates strong skill in simulating variations in TC genesis, track, and intensity related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Additionally, the temporal evolution of TC genesis frequency, track frequency, peak intensity, and power dissipation index in the WNP from 1979 to 2022 aligns closely with observations, showing significant correlation coefficients of 0.67, 0.75, 0.61, and 0.65, respectively. These results confirm the robustness of the downscaling framework in capturing both the mean and temporal features of TC activity in the WNP. Furthermore, an initial application to historical CMIP6 simulations suggests that climate change has contributed significantly to the poleward shift in TC activity from 1900 to 2014, driven by an El Niño-like sea surface temperature warming pattern. Given that this downscaling system relies solely on large-scale conditions and operates independently of historical observations, it offers a promising approach for investigating TC behavior in eras lacking reliable observations and in future warming scenarios.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0