Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Meteorological Drought in a Changing Environment: An Example in the Upper Yangtze River","authors":"Jiaju Shen,&nbsp;Hanbo Yang,&nbsp;Ziwei Liu,&nbsp;Changming Li,&nbsp;Sien Li,&nbsp;Yaokui Cui,&nbsp;Dawen Yang","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent studies have suggested that drought projections using Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) and standardized evapotranspiration precipitation index (SPEI) may overestimate drought severity. This overestimation occurs because the potential evapotranspiration (PET) calculations fail to consider the interactive effects of vegetation responses such as increased leaf area index (LAI) and constrained stomatal conductance, which are influenced by elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations ([CO₂]). To address this issue, our study replaced the traditional Penman-Monteith (PM) equation with a recently proposed PET equation that includes the effects of changing [CO₂] and LAI to assess droughts at monthly scale in the Upper Yangtze River basin, which experiences the vegetation greening. The findings indicated a consistent increasing trend in drought conditions with minimal discrepancy between the two equations over the historical period (1986–2017). This consistency arises because the water-saving effects of increased [CO₂] and the greening effects of rising LAI largely counterbalance each other. However, for the future period (2018–2100), projections using PM equation predicted an intensification of drought conditions. In contrast, the improved SPEI indicated no significant drought variations, and the improved PDSI suggested a wetting trend. This divergence can be attributed to the water-saving effects increasingly outweighing the greening effects, as PET shows a decreasing sensitivity to LAI with LAI increasing, but maintains a near-constant sensitivity to elevated [CO₂]. Consequently, the indices based on PM equation tend to overestimate future drought severity. Overall, this study demonstrates that the new PET estimation method is more capable of responding to the changing environment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Statistical Study of Polar Mesospheric Cloud Fronts in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Brentha Thurairajah,&nbsp;Chihoko Y. Cullens,&nbsp;V. Lynn Harvey,&nbsp;Cora E. Randall","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041502","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Complex spatial structures in polar mesospheric cloud (PMC) images provide visual clues to the dynamics that occur in the summer mesosphere. In this study, we document one such structure, a PMC front, by analyzing PMC images in the northern hemisphere from the Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) instrument onboard the aeronomy of ice in the mesosphere (AIM) satellite. A PMC front is defined as a sharp boundary that separates cloudy and mostly clear regions, and where the clouds at the front boundary are brighter than the clouds in the cloudy region. We explore the environment that supports the formation of PMC fronts using near-coincident temperature and water vapor observations from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) satellite instrument. A comparison of PMC front locations to near-coincident temperature profiles reveals the presence of inversion layers at PMC altitudes. The adiabatic and superadiabatic topside lapse rates of these temperature inversions indicate that some of the identified inversion layers may have been formed by gravity wave (GW) dissipation. The structure of the squared buoyancy frequency profiles indicates a stable layer or thermal duct that can be associated with large-amplitude mesospheric inversion layers (MILs) that extend large distances. These inversion layers may be conducive to horizontal wave propagation. We hypothesize that ducted GWs may be a formation mechanism of PMC fronts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Asian Dust on Cirrus Formation Over the Central Pacific: CALIOP- and CloudSat-Observation-Based Case Studies","authors":"Huijia Shen,&nbsp;Zhenping Yin,&nbsp;Yun He,&nbsp;Albert Ansmann,&nbsp;Yifan Zhan,&nbsp;Longlong Wang,&nbsp;Dongzhe Jing","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041265","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cirrus clouds are of great importance to the global climate, with their net radiative forcing strongly dependent on the microphysical properties that are related to the ice-nucleating regime. However, the influence of long-range transport of dust on primary ice formation in cirrus clouds is limitedly understood, specifically over the clean remote ocean regions. Here, two case studies show that transpacific Asian dust can impact the ice formation of cirrus clouds over the central Pacific based on Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization and Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR, CloudSat) observations. One case shows a well-developed horizontally extended cirrus embedded in a pure dust layer, with an average dust-related ice-nucleating particle concentration (INPC) of 7 L⁻¹ and 96 L⁻¹ for an ice saturation ratio <i>S</i>_i of 1.15 and 1.25, respectively; ice crystal number concentration (ICNC) with diameters &gt;25 and 100 μm (denoted as <i>n</i>_{ice,25 μm} and <i>n</i>_{ice,100 μm}) are 64 L⁻¹ and 7 L⁻¹, respectively. Another case shows that cirrus clouds with a much smaller horizontal extent appeared in the vicinity of polluted dust, with an average INPC of 42–310 L⁻¹ for the typical higher <i>S</i>_i of 1.25–1.35 by considering a tenfold reduction of the ice nucleation efficiency of ice crystals; <i>n</i>_{ice,25 μm} and <i>n</i>_{ice,100 μm} are 168 L⁻¹ and 20 L⁻¹, respectively. The estimated INPC and ICNC values suggest the dominance of ice formation by dust-induced heterogeneous nucleation, proving that the long-range transport of dust toward the upper troposphere and the potential influence on cirrus formation over the central Pacific should be well considered in atmospheric models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supercooled Water Cloud Detection From Polarized Multi-Angle Imager Data Using 1.37 μm Water Vapor Polarized Channel","authors":"Haofei Wang,&nbsp;Na Xu,&nbsp;Bertrand Fougnie,&nbsp;Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Bojan Bojkov,&nbsp;Songyan Gu,&nbsp;Jian Shang,&nbsp;Lin Chen,&nbsp;Xiuqing Hu,&nbsp;Zhengqiang Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Detecting supercooled water clouds (SWCs) is essential for enhancing artificial rainfall, preventing aircraft ice accretion, and developing a better understanding of radiative energy balance. The 1.37 μm channel, known as strong water vapor absorbing, was made polarized in the polarized multi-angle imager (PMAI) onboard FengYun-3G satellite. The infight data shown that the new 1.37 μm polarized channel could be used to detect SWCs. The cloudbow is observed around the 140° scattering angle in the 1.37 μm polarization image, with a maximum polarization reflectance of approximately 0.04–0.06. The indicated water clouds with spherical particles in the high-level altitude could be SWCs. Then, the SWCs detected by 1.37 μm polarized channel is verified using polarized reflectance of other channels, the reflectance difference of channels, and thermal infrared bright temperature. The presence of cloudbow in 1.03 and 1.64 μm channels indicate liquid water cloud. The reflectance difference between 1.03 and 1.64 μm of SWCs agree with characteristic of water cloud. The thermal infrared channels from the imager on the same platform indicate cold cloud with the brightness temperature far below 273.16 K. Therefore, the only use of 1.37 μm polarized channel could perform the identification of SWCs. PMAI provides a powerful tool for monitoring supercooled water clouds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of Melting Layer in Cross-Platforms Radar Observation Operator ZJU-AERO: Multi-Stage Melting Particle Model, Scattering Computation, and Bulk Parameterization","authors":"Hejun Xie,&nbsp;Lei Bi,&nbsp;Zheng Wang,&nbsp;Wei Han","doi":"10.1029/2024JD040725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD040725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents an implementation of a new melting layer model in the ZJU-AERO radar observation operator (Accurate and Efficient Radar Operator designed by ZheJiang University). The proposed model utilizes a coated spheroid to represent melting snow and graupel. It consists of three stages–coating, soaking, and melting–to account for the dielectric and density effects of melting particles. The scattering properties of the melting particles are computed with the Invariant-Imbedding T-Matrix (IITM) method, and the results are tabulated as look-up tables for the radar operator. Regarding the parameterization of bulk optical properties, a flux-conservation scheme is employed to estimate the size distribution of melting particles. To demonstrate its flexibility and superiority, the single and bulk scattering properties of our multi-stage melting model are compared against the traditional homogeneous model, which uses the effective medium approximation (EMA). The effectiveness of the multi-stage melting model has also been assessed by mapping model states in the regional mesoscale model of the China Meteorology Administration (CMA-MESO) to radar observations. In the microphysics package of CMA-MESO, the melting process is not explicitly represented, and we assume that melting hydrometeors occur where solid and liquid phases overlap. When compared with observations, the present multi-stage melting model successfully reproduces melting layer signatures, highlighting its potential for microphysic validation, quantitative precipitation estimations, and data assimilation studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Precipitation Simulation for Tropical Cyclones, Mesoscale Convective Systems, and Atmospheric Rivers in East Asia","authors":"Lujia Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Zhao,&nbsp;Yiting Cen,&nbsp;Mengqian Lu","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041914","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Different types of weather events, including tropical cyclones (TCs), mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), and atmospheric rivers (ARs), significantly impact precipitation patterns in East Asia. This study pioneers the application of deep learning (DL) methods, including convolutional neural network, U-Net, and Attention U-Net models, to simulate precipitation associated with these weather events. The spatial permutation method is also used to identify key meteorological variables for accurately generating precipitation in DL models. The DL models trained on all timeslots consistently surpass the performance of state-of-the-art numerical simulations, although their efficacy slightly diminishes during extreme weather events. This outperformance is attributed to the appropriate emphasis on key variables that capture precipitation processes, such as low-level moisture and mid-level pressure fields. However, new DL models trained separately for TCs, MCSs, and ARs using clipped precipitation as the output does not exceed the performance of the previous DL models. Among all input features, moisture variables contribute the most to precipitation at low intensity, while the importance of other variables increases for more intense precipitation, although some discrepancies vary across models and event types. The spatial results further reveal the detailed locations of variables that are essential for accurately simulating precipitation related to weather events, such as areas of high specific humidity and strong winds. DL models could also acquire useful information from region remote to the events to improve the simulation. Overall, DL models serve as promising tools for simulating and enhancing our understanding of precipitation patterns associated with various weather events in East Asia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD041914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulating the Response of Tropical Cyclones to Potential Nuclear War","authors":"Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Haikun Zhao,&nbsp;Joshua Coupe,&nbsp;Philip J. Klotzbach,&nbsp;Liguang Wu","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041658","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nuclear war would cause massive amounts of smoke from its associated explosions and fires that would subsequently inject copious amounts of aerosols into the stratosphere. There would also be considerable changes to the global climate system, threatening human health and sustainability. Our work reveals a reduction of global-scale tropical cyclones (TCs) from a simulation of a nuclear war scenario that could produce ∼150 million tons of smoke. In response to nuclear war, there would be spatially uneven cooling that would result in an anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) gradient pattern. Associated with this would be an anomalous zonal vertical circulation, tending to suppress upward motion and increase vertical wind shear over all TC main development regions, largely explaining the observed TC reduction at regional and global scales. This study improves our understanding of the impact of nuclear war on the TC environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of On-Road Vehicular Emissions on U.S. Air Quality: A Comparison of Two Mobile Emission Models (MOVES and FIVE)","authors":"Siqi Ma,&nbsp;Daniel Tong,&nbsp;Colin Harkins,&nbsp;Brian C. McDonald,&nbsp;Chi-Tsan Wang,&nbsp;Yunyao Li,&nbsp;Bok H. Baek,&nbsp;Jung-Hun Woo,&nbsp;Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041494","url":null,"abstract":"<p>On-road vehicles are significant contributors to air pollution globally, particularly to nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and ozone (O₃). Quantifying their contribution to air quality is crucial to understanding the trends of vehicle emissions as low- and “zero” emission vehicles join the fleet. Modeling on-road emissions is complex due to various factors like fleet activities, traffic patterns, and meteorological conditions. We compare on-road emissions from two mobile models: the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fuel-based Inventory of Vehicle Emission (FIVE) and the US Environmental Protection Agency Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES), finding they contribute 4%–33% to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NO_x, and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in the contiguous United States (CONUS). Using a regional chemical transport model, we assess air quality effects under different emission scenarios. Both emission data sets yield satisfactory performance, with MOVES showing lower biases in ozone (O₃) and PM_2.5 over CONUS, while FIVE performs better at city scales due to higher urban NO_x emissions. In January, on-road emissions increased surface O₃ over western and southern US by up to 9.1%–13.1% but decreased by 2.5% over the northeastern US, while PM_2.5 predictions vary across the US (−85% to 24%). In July, on-road emissions elevate O₃ and PM_2.5 concentrations by 15%–20% across CONUS, except in some west coast cities. They also greatly contribute to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) by more than 80% near roads and in urban areas. This study highlights the significant impact of on-road emissions on urban air quality and provides insights for improving air quality forecasting and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD041494","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Empirical Parameterization of the Subgrid-Scale Distribution of Water Vapor in the UTLS for Atmospheric General Circulation Models","authors":"Audran Borella,&nbsp;Étienne Vignon,&nbsp;Olivier Boucher,&nbsp;Susanne Rohs","doi":"10.1029/2024JD040981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD040981","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temperature and water vapor are known to fluctuate on multiple scales. In this study 27 years of airborne measurements of temperature and relative humidity from In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) are used to parameterize the distribution of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The parameterization is designed to simulate water vapor fluctuations within gridboxes of atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) with typical size of a few tens to a few hundred kilometers. The distributions currently used in such models are often not supported by observations at high altitude. More sophisticated distributions are key to represent ice supersaturation, a physical phenomenon that plays a major role in the formation of natural cirrus and contrail cirrus. Here the observed distributions are fitted with a beta law whose parameters are adjusted from the gridbox mean variables. More specifically the standard deviation and skewness of the distributions are expressed as empirical functions of the average temperature and specific humidity, two typical prognostic variables of AGCMs. Thus, the distribution of water vapor is fully parameterized for a use in these models. The new parameterization reproduces the observed distributions with a determination coefficient always greater than 0.917 and with a mean value of 0.997. The parameterization is robust to a selection of various geographical subsets of data and to gridbox sizes varying between 25 and 300 km.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zn Isotope Tracing Unveils Primary Anthropogenic Zn Sources in Glacial Cryoconite of the High Asian Mountains","authors":"Rui Wu,&nbsp;Zhiwen Dong,&nbsp;Yan Yan,&nbsp;Eric Parteli,&nbsp;Ting Wei,&nbsp;Fangzhou Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Jiao,&nbsp;Yaping Shao,&nbsp;Xiang Qin","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041467","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zinc (Zn) exerts a significant influence on the global environment, terrestrial ecosystems, and human health. The application of Zn isotopes (δ⁶⁶Zn) has been suggested as a potent tool for tracing environmental contamination. However, studies focusing on Zn isotope tracing within the cryosphere areas are notably limited. Here we present the first data set on Zn isotopes in glacial cryoconite, based on observations over a large regional scale in High Asian Mountains (including Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surroundings of western China). The results showed that glacial cryoconite had a general heavy Zn isotopic signature in various TP locations, with δ⁶⁶Zn values ranging from −0.22‰ to +0.87‰. Employing the MixSIAR model, the overall Zn contribution source to the cryoconite was mineral dust (36%) &gt; coal burning (33%) &gt; non-exhaust traffic emissions (22%) &gt; industrial smelting (10%). We ascertained that anthropogenic sources account for the primary contribution (about 60%–73%) of Zn inputs in all glacial locations, with coal burning emerging as the foremost anthropogenic contributor (mean 33%). Anthropogenic Zn in various TP locations was primarily derived from Zn emissions resulting from coal combustion, though it is also predominantly influenced by industrial smelting source in cryoconite of the Tianshan Mountains. Our results aligned with coal combustion data from the energy inventory of western China, suggesting that regional coal burning likely represents the foremost source of atmospheric Zn pollutant emission and deposition in the High Asia mountain glaciers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"129 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}