Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献

{"title":"Close Correlation Between Vertically Integrated Tropospheric Water Vapor and the Downward, Broadband Thermal-Infrared Irradiance at the Ground: Observations in the Central Arctic During MOSAiC","authors":"Clara Seidel, Dietrich Althausen, Albert Ansmann, Manfred Wendisch, Hannes Griesche, Martin Radenz, Julian Hofer, Sandro Dahlke, Marion Maturilli, Andreas Walbröl, Holger Baars, Ronny Engelmann","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The impact of the vertical distribution of tropospheric water vapor on the cloud-free downward, broadband thermal-infrared irradiance <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>F</mi>\u0000 <mtext>TIR</mtext>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $left({F}_{text{TIR}}right)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> was quantified using observations in the Central Arctic, north of 85°N, collected during the Arctic winter. The water vapor profiles were measured with a temporal resolution of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>30</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $30,mathrm{s}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> using a Raman lidar. The observations revealed maximum values of integrated water vapor (IWV) contents of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>3.6</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>m</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $3.6,mathrm{k}mathrm{g} {mathrm{m}}^{-mathrm{2}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. Seven measurement cases of several-hour durations of slowly changing air masses were examined. Furthermore, 53 rather short-term (10 min) measurement cases were studied. The temporal evolution of the slowly changing air masses revealed a linear relationship between <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>F</mi>\u0000 <mtext>TIR</mtext>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${F}_{text{TIR}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and IWV with slopes between 7.17 and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>12.95</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>W</mi>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $12.95,mathrm{W} mathrm{k}{mathrm{g}}^{-mathrm{1}}$</annotatio","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Rocky Mountains and Tibetan Plateau 1998 Spring Land Temperature on N. American and East Asian Summer Precipitation Anomalies","authors":"Hara Prasad Nayak,&nbsp;Yongkang Xue,&nbsp;Qian Li,&nbsp;David J. Neelin,&nbsp;Ismaila Diallo,&nbsp;Zhijiong Cao,&nbsp;Ratko Vasic","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work follows up on the GEWEX/LS4P Phase I (LS4P-I) experiments, a community effort highlighting the spring land surface temperature anomalies in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) as a useful source for subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction of summer precipitation in global hot spot regions, particularly in East Asia and North America. This paper extends the investigation to both the US Rocky Mountain (RM) region and the TP, considering the 1998 summer drought/flood event in North America/East Asia, respectively, as a case study. A previously developed initialization method for land surface temperature/subsurface temperature (LST/SUBT) is used in the NCEP Global Forecast System, coupled with a land model, SSiB2 (GFS/SSiB2), to produce observed RM cold May temperature anomaly. Forward simulation yields June precipitation anomalies at five remote locations. Likewise, the TP warm May temperature anomaly also produces June precipitation anomalies at these five locations. The effects of RM (cold) and TP (warm) temperature anomalies are consistent in the US South Coastal regions and the south Yangtze River Basin, yielding 49% (42%) of observed drought and 34% (44%) of observed flood, respectively. These LST/SUBT effects in RM and TP induce a global large-scale wave train linking North America with the TP, affecting the subtropical westerly jet and thereby modulating summer precipitation. Global SST effect is examined for comparison but does not yield statistically significant June precipitation anomalies in GFS/SSiB2. This study adds to evidence that high-mountain LST effects in the RM and TP are first-order sources of S2S precipitation predictability in summer months.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Coupled Climate-Water-Dust System in Arid China and Its Response to Global Change Since the Last Deglaciation","authors":"Yu Li,&nbsp;Zhansen Zhang,&nbsp;MingJun Gao,&nbsp;Junjie Duan,&nbsp;Yaxin Xue,&nbsp;Simin Peng,&nbsp;Hao Shang,&nbsp;Shiyu Liu","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042756","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drylands are characterized by limited water resources, fragile ecosystems, and a heightened vulnerability to climate change. Various surface elements in drylands are closely related and studying their long-term coupling processes and mechanisms is beneficial for managing global warming impacts on drylands. This article reports on a new aeolian sedimentary sequence since the Last Deglaciation (LD) in Hexi Corridor. Combined with our previous eolian and lacustrine sedimentary sequences in the surrounding area, we found a unique regional climate-water-dust coupling process. This coupled pattern is a combined response to Northern Hemisphere solar radiation, ice sheets, and North Atlantic freshwater forcing since the LD. The melting of permafrost during the LD period and substantial erosion of the rivers originating in the Qilian Mountains jointly destroyed the stability of the surface conditions in the Hexi Corridor. Alluvial fans in the plain released a large amount of dust, which quickly accumulated in the upstream mountainous areas after transportation, thereby forming a dust cycle. However, the warmer Middle Holocene experienced stable surface conditions and weak dust activity owing to abundant water resources. As human activities continue to intensify, the climate-water-dust coupling process in this region is closely related to human interference with the surface environment, which is entirely different from the situation where natural processes predominate. This study provides new perspectives on the effects of global warming on dryland surface systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Controls on the Variability of Offshore Propagation of Convection From Sumatra","authors":"Simon C. Peatman,&nbsp;Cathryn E. Birch,&nbsp;Juliane Schwendike,&nbsp;John H. Marsham,&nbsp;Emma Howard,&nbsp;Steven J. Woolnough,&nbsp;Jack M. Mustafa,&nbsp;Adrian J. Matthews","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042458","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous work has explained the physical mechanisms behind nocturnal offshore propagation of convection southwest of Sumatra. Low-level moisture flux convergence due to the land breeze front controls the progression of convection, typically a squall line, away from the coast overnight. However, the diurnal convection over the mountains occurs on only 57% of days in December–February (DJF) and propagates offshore on only 49% of those days. We investigate day-to-day variability in dynamical and thermodynamical conditions to explain the variability in diurnal convection and offshore propagation, using a convection-permitting simulation run for 900 DJF days. A convolutional neural network is used to identify regimes of the diurnal cycle and offshore propagation behavior. The diurnal cycle and offshore propagation are most likely to occur ahead of an active Madden-Julian oscillation, or during El Niño or positive Indian Ocean Dipole; however, any regime can occur in any phase of these large-scale drivers, because the major control arises from the local scale. When the diurnal cycle of convection occurs over land, low-level wind is generally onshore, providing convergence over the mountains, and low-level humidity over the mountains is high enough to make the air column unstable for moist convection. When this convection propagates offshore, midlevel offshore winds provide a steering flow, combined with stronger convergence offshore due to more onshore environmental winds. Low-level moisture around the coast also means that as the convection propagates, the storm-relative inflow of air into the system adds greater instability than would be the case on other days.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shift of the Dominant Orbital Periodicity of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Linked to the Intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation at 2.7 Ma","authors":"Huandi Zhang,&nbsp;Qingzhen Hao,&nbsp;Ercheng Pang,&nbsp;Yongshuo Sun,&nbsp;Yulong Liu,&nbsp;Qiumian Bian,&nbsp;Feng Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Qin,&nbsp;Chengpeng Tan,&nbsp;Xinbo Gao,&nbsp;Chenglong Deng,&nbsp;Zhengtang Guo","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (iNHG) with the onset of glacial-interglacial cycles at ∼2.7 Ma had a profound impact on the global climate system. However, there have been few systemic assessments of the response of orbital-scale East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) variability to the iNHG, partly due to controversies regarding the interpretation of the dominant orbital rhythms of the EASM. Here, we present grain size and other proxy records from mainly silt-sized lacustrine-fluvial deposits in northern China. The results shows that the EASM underwent stepwise weakening at ∼2.7 and ∼1.8 Ma, coincident with two major cooling steps of the global climate and that its dominant orbital periodicity changed from ∼41 kyr during ∼3.6–2.7 Ma, to ∼100 kyr during ∼2.7–1.8 Ma. However, these findings are inconsistent with the strengthening of the 41-kyr cyclicity in marine δ¹⁸O records after the iNHG, whereas they are consistent with northern high-latitude sea surface temperature records that bear the imprint of local climate signals when the Arctic ice sheets were of limited extent during the Early Pleistocene. We propose that the dominant ∼41-kyr cyclicity during the Late Pliocene resulted from obliquity-induced changes in the meridional insolation gradient, or in heat and moisture transport from low latitudes; whereas the dominant ∼100-kyr cyclicity during ∼2.7–1.8 Ma reflects an increased response to northern high-latitude forcing. Our findings, combined with previous studies, highlight the importance of eccentricity in modulating the EASM and other key climate system components prior to the Mid-Pleistocene Transition during the course of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratospheric Aerosol Backscatter and Depolarization Ratio Observed With Ground-Based Lidar at Tsukuba, Japan, and Lauder, New Zealand","authors":"T. Sakai,&nbsp;O. Uchino,&nbsp;T. Nagai,&nbsp;B. Liley,&nbsp;R. Querel,&nbsp;I. Morino,&nbsp;Y. Jin,&nbsp;T. Fujimoto,&nbsp;E. Oikawa,&nbsp;N. Oshima","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041329","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vertical distributions of stratospheric aerosol backscatter and depolarization ratio (nonsphericity) have been measured using ground-based lidars at Tsukuba, Japan and Lauder, New Zealand. The observational results after 2003 show that the aerosol increased several times after large volcanic eruptions and wildfires. The largest increases in vertically integrated stratospheric aerosol backscattering coefficient (IBC) above 16.5 km (IBC_16.5) were observed after the Raikoke volcanic eruption in 2019 at Tsukuba and the Australian wildfire in 2019/20 at Lauder. The increased IBC_16.5 returned to normal levels in 1–2 years. After the volcanic eruptions, the particle depolarization ratio (PDR) increased for several days and then decreased in a few dozen days in most cases. In contrast, the increased PDR after the large wildfires gradually decreased in 1–2 years. These suggest that large volcanic ash was quickly removed to the troposphere or dissolved in or coated with liquid to become non-depolarizing. In contrast, the wildfire smoke stays in the stratosphere for a few years due to its small size and mass density. We compare the lidar-derived stratospheric aerosol extinction coefficient profiles and the optical depth (stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD)) with those obtained with a balloon-borne optical particle counter (OPC), satellite-borne instruments (SAGE-II, Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), and Global Space-based Stratospheric Aerosol Climatology (GloSSAC)), and the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model (MRI-ESM2) for the validation. The mean differences from lidar-derived SAOD were +15% for SAGE-II, −11% for GloSSAC, +32% for CALIOP, and −44% for MRI-ESM2 at Tsukuba, and +19% for the SAGE-II, +28% for OPC, +7% for CALIOP, −15% for GloSSAC, and −72% from MRI-ESM2 at Lauder.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How South Asian Thunderstorm-Driven Transport Affects the Atmospheric Composition Over the Tibetan Plateau and Stratosphere","authors":"Xiaotong Li,&nbsp;Xueke Wu,&nbsp;Ding Jia,&nbsp;Jiahao Lin,&nbsp;Yuhang Hu,&nbsp;Xiaoteng Huang,&nbsp;Jiali Luo,&nbsp;Guohao Hu","doi":"10.1029/2024JD043195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD043195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important gateway for tropospheric substances enter the stratosphere. South Asia, especially its northwesternmost part, is emerging as a global hotspot for thunderstorms and lightning, driven by dynamic interactions between the orography of the TP and the South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM). This study used TRMM satellite observations from 1998 to 2013, combined with ERA-5 reanalysis data and the HYSPLIT trajectory model, to comprehensively investigate how thunderstorms in the region impact the atmospheric composition over the TP. The findings reveal that thunderstorms in the region predominantly occur during the SASM. Spatially, these thunderstorms are concentrated along the southern Himalayan front, especially in the westernmost indentation between the TP and the Iranian Plateau, an area also characterized by heavy anthropogenic pollution. By employing the HYSPLIT model to trace transport pathways associated with the thunderstorm, the study demonstrates a clear convergence of pollutants from the South Asia boundary layer into thunderclouds. Furthermore, three principal transport pathways were identified for substances originating from the tops of thunderstorms entering the TP. These pathways are closely linked to the tropospheric westerlies, the anticyclonic circulation of the South Asian High, and processes penetrating the tropopause, accounting for approximately 58%, 33%, and 9% of thunderstorms, respectively. Notably, the impact of these thunderstorm-driven transport processes on the TP and even the lower stratosphere is expected to intensify as thunderstorms become more frequent and pollution levels rise in South Asia due to global warming and local social development.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation and Simulation of Methane Plumes During the Morning Boundary Layer Transition","authors":"Xiao-Ming Hu,&nbsp;Wesley T. Honeycutt,&nbsp;Chenghao Wang,&nbsp;Binbin Weng,&nbsp;Bowen Zhou,&nbsp;Ming Xue","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methane (CH₄) contributes significantly to global warming. However, accurate identification of CH₄ sources for reducing CH₄ emissions is often hampered by inadequate accuracy and spatiotemporal coverage of CH₄ detection, and lack of accurate CH₄ forward modeling used in top-down inversion systems. In this study, a field experiment was conducted in Pampa, Texas using two CH₄ sensors (LI-COR and OGI camera) to detect CH₄ releases. We investigated whether high-resolution simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with greenhouse gases (WRF-GHG) could accurately simulate the CH₄ plumes in the presence of evolving atmospheric boundary layer from sunrise to noon. CH₄ plumes showed substantial variation in time. At a release rate of ∼17.5 kg hr⁻¹, the maximum enhancement of CH₄ measured by LI-COR was 2.6 ppm at sunrise (7:36 a.m.), 250 m from the release location. Within half an hour after sunrise, this enhancement decreased to 0.3–0.4 ppm. The enhancement was 0.2 ppm by 10:00 a.m. and further dropped to less than 0.1 ppm after 11:30 a.m. Due to the low temperature at sunrise, the OGI camera failed to detect the CH₄ plume. The WRF-GHG large-eddy simulation (LES) with 32 m grid spacing successfully reproduced these CH₄ enhancements. In situ measurements together with numerical simulations illustrate the impact of the transition from a stable boundary layer in the early morning to a convective boundary layer at noon on the dispersion of CH₄ plumes. Additionally, CH₄ plumes from a cattle farm in Oklahoma are briefly examined using the same modeling approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Airborne Imaging Spectrometers for Carbon Dioxide Detection and Emission Quantification","authors":"Jinsol Kim,&nbsp;Daniel H. Cusworth,&nbsp;Alana K. Ayasse,&nbsp;Katherine Howell,&nbsp;Kelly O’Neill,&nbsp;Riley M. Duren","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042755","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from strong point sources account for a significant proportion of the global greenhouse gas emissions, and their associated uncertainties in bottom-up estimates remain substantial. Imaging spectrometers provide a capability to monitor large point source CO₂ emissions and help reduce the uncertainties. In this study, we assess the capability of an airborne monitoring system with temporally sparse observations to constrain annual emissions at both facility and regional scales. We use observations of power plant emissions from 2022 to 2023 and compare the derived emission rates at facility scale to in stack emission observations across the United States. We show that CO₂ concentration enhancements retrieved using a lognormal matched filter are suitable for CO₂ quantification, achieving low bias and uncertainty in estimated emission rates. We find that annual emissions at the regional scale can be effectively constrained by offsetting errors identified at the facility scale, with a 30% uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042755","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulations of Atmospheric River Climatology by the Stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation","authors":"Kai Huang,&nbsp;Christine A. Shields,&nbsp;Kirsten R. Hall,&nbsp;Jadwiga H. Richter,&nbsp;Yuanpu Li,&nbsp;Chih-Chieh-Jack Chen","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042390","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reveals the significant Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) influences on the seasonal atmospheric river (AR) climatology around the globe. The North Pacific (NP) AR climatology in the boreal winter to early fall seasons in a QBO easterly (QBOE) phase is systematically shifted poleward compared with those in a QBO westerly (QBOW) phase, and such difference peaks in the local late spring season. We also find the similar poleward shift for the AR climatology over the South Pacific (SP) in the austral winter seasons in the QBOE phase. A significant equatorward shift and an overall enhancement of the AR climatology over the SP are observed in the QBOE phase during local spring and summer seasons, respectively. The QBO impacts on the AR climatology over the Atlantic Ocean are less organized. Strong QBO impacts exist in almost all seasons for the North Atlantic AR but only in the austral spring season for the South Atlantic AR. These QBO modulations of the AR climatology over the ocean basins also change the season-mean AR frequencies around coastal regions, suggesting significant QBO impacts on the local land-falling AR events. The QBO modulations of the seasonal background mean states and the MJO-teleconnections are two potential mechanisms mostly over the north hemisphere. The QBOE modulation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)-teleconnection over the northern hemisphere is asymmetric between the MJO convection over the Indian Ocean and that over the Pacific Ocean, which is the key to explain the QBO influences on the AR activity on the seasonal timescale.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}