Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献

{"title":"Climatology of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Over Nearshore and Open Ocean Regions of the Western North Pacific","authors":"Yucheng Xue,&nbsp;Qiusheng Li","doi":"10.1029/2026JD048288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD048288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH) plays an important role in air–sea interactions and regional climate over the western North Pacific (WNP). Using ERA5 reanalysis data from 1979 to 2025, this paper investigates the interannual variability, monthly variations, and seasonal spatial patterns of ABLH. To explore potential drivers of ABLH variability, correlation analyses are conducted between ABLH and three key predictors: wind shear, surface sensible heat flux (HFX) and Brunt–Väisälä frequency (<i>N</i>²). In addition, records from nearshore (NS) and open ocean (OS) stations are analyzed to examine spatial differences in ABLH behavior. The results reveal clear regional differences. Open ocean ABLH increases consistently during both daytime and nighttime, with mean changes of 17.07 and 14.91 m per decade, respectively. Nearshore changes are weaker, particularly at night. Open ocean ABLH is generally highest in winter and lowest in summer, whereas NS ABLH exhibits a mixed land–sea seasonal pattern, with relatively high values commonly occurring around September and October. The controlling factors also vary by region and season. Open ocean ABLH is strongly associated with wind shear and <i>N</i>², with mechanical forcing becoming particularly important in winter. In contrast, NS daytime ABLH is primarily associated with HFX, while the influence of wind shear becomes more pronounced at night. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the marine ABL and provide valuable insights for its modeling, OS wind energy assessment, and pollutant dispersion studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026JD048288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Peak Activity of the African Lightning Chimney Based on Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) Lightning Imager (LI), World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), and Schumann Resonance (SR) Observations","authors":"K. Németh,&nbsp;E. Williams,&nbsp;Q. Wang,&nbsp;A. Neska,&nbsp;G. Sátori,&nbsp;M. Herein,&nbsp;T. Haszpra,&nbsp;P. Steinbach,&nbsp;T. Bozóki","doi":"10.1029/2026JD047599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD047599","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lightning activity is strongly concentrated in tropical continental “chimneys”, among which the African lightning chimney stands out as the most intense globally. However, until recently, the incomplete and spatially uneven detection efficiency of ground-based lightning networks, together with the limited spatio-temporal coverage of satellite observations, have constrained the quantitative characterization of African lightning activity, particularly on the daily timescales. Since July 2024, the Lightning Imager (LI) onboard the Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) satellite has provided the first continuous, high-temporal-resolution observations of lightning activity over Africa and Europe from geostationary orbit. In this paper, we examine, based on the first year of MTG LI observations, how consistently daily peak activity in the African lightning chimney is represented in different observational data sets. For this purpose, we use MTG LI group and flash data, together with World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) stroke observations and Schumann resonance (SR) measurements, and focus on two key parameters: the daily peak activity and its timing. We find that daily peak activity derived from MTG flashes shows a strong positive correlation with SR intensity (<i>r</i> = 0.749), while WWLLN stroke observations show much weaker correspondence. The timing of the daily peak is broadly consistent across the data sets, with the best agreement observed between MTG flashes and SR intensity. For all data sets, daily peak activity is strongly correlated with total daily activity. The strong correspondence between MTG flashes and SR intensity supports the use of both data sets in characterizing the daily activity of the African lightning chimney.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026JD047599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149176989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme Atmospheric Moistening and Drying Events at Ny-Ålesund and Their Relation to Weather Systems","authors":"Christian Buhren,&nbsp;Susanne Crewell,&nbsp;Claire Pettersen,&nbsp;Phillip Eisenhuth,&nbsp;Lars Aue,&nbsp;Christoph Ritter,&nbsp;Kerstin Ebell","doi":"10.1029/2026JD047364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD047364","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the role of water vapor in Arctic amplification requires a detailed evaluation of its spatio-temporal variability. In this work, we use an integrated water vapor (IWV) data set from a ground-based microwave radiometer at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, covering 2012–2024, to characterize temporal IWV variability. We also identify extreme atmospheric moistening and drying events based on a new detection method and relate them to large-scale circulation patterns and airmass pathways. IWV exhibits a pronounced annual cycle with values ranging from 0.6 to 33 kg <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>m</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${mathrm{m}}^{-2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. While absolute IWV variability within a month is smaller in winter than in summer, relative variability is nearly twice as large. We identified 352 extreme moistening and 371 extreme drying events, accounting for 20% of the study period. Extreme drying occurs primarily through continuous drying, whereas extreme moistening events include a higher fraction of consecutive moistening episodes and therefore last longer. Most events occur on synoptic time scales of 1–3 days. Extreme moistening events are linked to large-scale circulation patterns that facilitate the advection of moist airmasses toward Svalbard from southeasterly to westerly directions, which account for 52% of all moistening events. Extreme drying occurs under similar circulation patterns, but is mainly linked to a reduction in the poleward moisture transport due to an eastward shift of the prevailing pressure centers. 45% of extreme drying events follow directly after an extreme moistening event. Given the comprehensive ground-based observations available at Ny-Ålesund, the identified events provide a useful framework to study their impact on clouds, precipitation, radiation, and surface conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026JD047364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overestimation of Cloud Sensitivity in Orographic Clouds Over the Southern Tibetan Plateau Due To Neglected Dynamical Constraints","authors":"Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Fang Fang,&nbsp;Jiming Li,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Zhao Ji,&nbsp;Hailing Jia,&nbsp;Jianping Huang","doi":"10.1029/2026JD046935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD046935","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurately quantifying cloud sensitivity (<i>S</i>_aci), the relative change in cloud droplet number with aerosol loading, is essential for reducing uncertainties in aerosol–cloud interactions. However, its dependence on cloud dynamics is often overlooked, causing biases in estimates of <i>S</i>_aci and Twomey effect radiative forcing (<i>RF</i>_aci). Using in situ observations of orographic clouds over the southern Tibetan Plateau (STP), we estimate cloud-base updraft velocity (<i>w</i>) from the water vapor supersaturation budget and examine how <i>S</i>_aci varies with <i>w</i>. Results reveal that <i>S</i>_aci follows a sigmoid pattern with increasing <i>w</i>. Driven by Köhler activation theory and its mathematical definition, this pattern is theoretically expected to potentially hold across diverse cloud regimes. Ignoring this dependence yields a 14%–40% overestimate of <i>S</i>_aci for STP shallow orographic clouds, which may consequently bias local estimates of <i>RF</i>_aci. These findings provide new insights into quantifying cloud sensitivity, while their global applicability and implications require further observational validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerosol Retrieval Over Ocean From DPC-2/GF-5(02): Using RemoTAP Extended With a 3-Parameter Ocean Bio-Optical Model and Comparisons With a 1-Parameter Model","authors":"Cheng Fan,&nbsp;Jeon-Teo Dong,&nbsp;Guangliang Fu,&nbsp;Sha Lu,&nbsp;Zihan Zhang,&nbsp;Neranga K. Hannadige,&nbsp;Meng Gao,&nbsp;Peng-Wang Zhai,&nbsp;Gerrit de Leeuw,&nbsp;Zhengqiang Li,&nbsp;Otto Hasekamp","doi":"10.1029/2026JD047081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD047081","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multi-angle polarimetric instruments (MAPs) enable the retrieval of essential aerosol properties over oceanic regions. MAPs retrieval algorithms commonly use a 1-parameter ocean bio-optical model (OBM), based on chlorophyll-a concentration only to represent optical properties over open waters (case-1), whereas the coastal water (mixture of case-1 and case-2 waters) representation generally requires multi-parameter models as demonstrated for sophisticated sensors such as SPEXone. In this study, we investigated whether meaningful improvements in aerosol retrieval over coastal waters can be achieved using data from the Directional Polarization Camera DPC-2, with a relatively limited spectral configuration, by the addition of bio-optical degrees of freedom. To this end, the Remote Sensing of Trace Gases and Aerosol Products (RemoTAP) algorithm, developed by the Space Research Organization Netherlands (SRON), is extended by incorporating a 3-parameter OBM to represent coastal waters. The three parameters are chlorophyll-a concentration, backscattering coefficient of particulate matter at 660 nm, and the absorption coefficient of non-algal particles (NAP) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) at 440 nm. We applied the extended algorithm for aerosol retrieval from synthetic and real DPC-2 observations. Results were compared with those using the 1-parameter OBM and retrieval results from real observations were evaluated using colocated coastal AERONET data over case-1 and case-2 waters. The most important finding from this work is that a simple open ocean 1-parameter OBM together with fitting a wavelength-dependent Lambertian correction term provides sufficient accuracy for global aerosol retrieval using DPC-2 data, even over coastal water.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026JD047081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSAIL5B-DR: A Radiative Transfer Model Extension for Dust Retention Effects on Vegetation Spectra","authors":"Wei Yang,&nbsp;Mijun Zou,&nbsp;Wenpeng Lin,&nbsp;Yiwen Shi,&nbsp;Yi Xiong,&nbsp;Yiting Ding,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Youqi Xu","doi":"10.1029/2026JD047328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD047328","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dust deposition on urban vegetation alters canopy spectral reflectance and can reduce the reliability of parameter retrieval based on radiative transfer models (RTMs). However, conventional RTMs, including the coupled PROSPECT–SAIL (PROSAIL) model, do not explicitly represent these external optical effects. We developed PROSAIL5B-DR by incorporating a dust-induced absorption term into the leaf absorption coefficient, allowing dust effects to propagate to canopy reflectance. The dust mass-specific absorption coefficient was calculated using the Mie theory. We evaluated model performance across dust retention levels, vegetation types, and urban environments. PROSAIL5B-DR reproduced canopy spectral responses more accurately than PROSAIL5B while preserving the original model structure. It also reduced the simulation bias that increased with dust retention without adding redundant parameters. Explicitly representing retained particulate matter therefore improves canopy spectral simulations and provides a physically based approach for assessing vegetation optical properties in polluted urban environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Assessment and Error Budget of EarthCARE Column Aerosol Optical Depth: Physical Limits and Quantitative Mitigation","authors":"Jiajun Xiong,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Yanyu Wang,&nbsp;Wenhui Dong,&nbsp;Minghui Tao,&nbsp;Lunche Wang","doi":"10.1029/2026JD048195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD048195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Earth Cloud Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) provides critical spaceborne high spectral resolution LiDAR observations for global aerosol profiling. However, integrating these vertically resolved aerosol extinction coefficient profiles into column Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) introduces systematic biases from physical observation boundaries, which currently lack global validation and quantitative attribution. This study presents a global assessment and error budget of EarthCARE 355 nm column AOD using solar and lunar AErosol Robotic NETwork measurements from August 2024 to March 2026. Baseline validations demonstrate robust spatiotemporal tracking capabilities (daytime <i>R</i> = 0.873, nighttime <i>R</i> = 0.859) and physically consistent independently retrieved LiDAR ratio distributions across coarse and fine mode aerosol regimes. Nevertheless, cross-framework comparisons show that complex absorbing mixtures are frequently assigned to fine mode dominant EarthCARE categories. Concurrently, a pervasive systematic underestimation persists globally (daytime MB = −0.060, nighttime MB = −0.073). Mechanistically, this underestimation is associated with three distinct physical limits: near-surface clutter truncation (0–400 m), free-tropospheric signal-to-noise ratio detection limits, and attenuation-induced sampling biases under extreme aerosol loading (AOD &gt; 1.0). Applying a constant boundary-layer geometric extrapolation mitigates the near-surface truncation, reducing the daytime MB by ∼40% (to −0.036) and recovering the linear regression slope from 0.67 to 0.77 while preserving high R. Further, compensating for free-tropospheric background detection limit reduces the ubiquitous underestimation by an additional ∼17% (+0.010). This physically based error-budget framework quantifies the major recoverable contributions and characterizes the factors associated with the remaining bias, providing a robust basis for optimizing future spaceborne LiDAR retrievals.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing GEOS-CF Analysis of Ozone Profiles as a Priori for Hyperspectral BUV Ozone Profile Retrievals","authors":"Juseon Bak,&nbsp;Xiong Liu,&nbsp;Pamela A. Wales,&nbsp;Viral Shah,&nbsp;Junsung Park,&nbsp;Won-Jin Lee","doi":"10.1029/2026JD047131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD047131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Satellite remote sensing of ozone has progressed from daily global observations by polar-orbiting platforms to hourly regional monitoring by geostationary platforms. However, retrieving detailed vertical profiles remains challenging because satellite measurements have inherently limited vertical sensitivity. Within the optimal estimation (OE) framework, a priori information constrains the retrieval, preventing unphysical deviations driven by measurement uncertainties while supplementing the limited information content of the observations. In this study, we evaluate ozone profiles from the Goddard Earth Observing System Composition Forecasting (GEOS-CF) system as an alternative a priori to the tropopause-based (TB) ozone profile climatology. To ensure a robust assessment, retrieval experiments are performed across multiple satellite platforms, including OMI, TROPOMI, and GEMS. The GEOS-CF ozone analysis systematically exhibits a systematic positive bias in the troposphere relative to ozonesonde soundings, but agreeing with limb observations within a few percent throughout most of the stratosphere, particularly between 50 and 1 hPa. Larger discrepancies are found in the tropopause region (&gt;100 hPa) and in the upper atmosphere (&lt;1 hPa). These characteristics are reflected in the satellite retrievals: the positive tropospheric bias in the GEOS-CF a priori propagates into the retrieved ozone profiles, whereas the improved representation of the stratosphere in GEOS-CF reduces the retrieval biases associated with the TB a priori. These results support a hybrid a priori strategy that combines the tropospheric stability of the TB climatology with the improved stratospheric representation of GEOS-CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Impacts of Proxy Archives on Paleoclimate Reconstruction Performance","authors":"Patrick G. Cho,&nbsp;Feng Zhu,&nbsp;Diogo Bolster,&nbsp;Marc F. Müller","doi":"10.1029/2025JD045958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045958","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reconstructing past climates is challenging because pre-instrumental observations are geographically sparse and proxy records are noisy; data assimilation offers one approach to address these limitations. Although such reconstructions are now widespread, the extent to which different proxy archives determine their accuracy remains unclear. We address this gap using proxy withholding experiments to quantify the marginal impact of eight proxy archives—corals, tree rings, speleothems, documentary records, lake sediments, marine sediments, glaciers, and ground ice—on four reconstructed climate targets: the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Indian Ocean Dipole, global mean surface temperature, and global mean precipitation. We also assess their influence on spatial skill patterns and zonal mean skill for temperature and precipitation. Comparing performance across multiple priors shows that assimilation consistently improves skill, with the multi-model ensemble achieving the highest and most stable results by averaging out structural and mean-state biases in single models. Corals emerge as indispensable across all indices, while documentary records and speleothems add key hydroclimate information in monsoon-sensitive, data-sparse regions. Archive-specific fingerprints reveal that some proxy archives exert outsized leverage relative to their geographic coverage, underscoring the importance of proxy location. Together, these results highlight that targeted proxy selection, archive-specific forward modeling, and seasonally resolved assimilation represent promising directions for improving the accuracy and robustness of future hydroclimate reconstructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD045958","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Temperature and Precipitation Variability in Northeast Asia Since the Last Glacial Maximum Recorded in an Annually Laminated Maar Lake","authors":"Deke Xu,&nbsp;Jiatong Lu,&nbsp;Guoqiang Chu,&nbsp;Caiming Shen,&nbsp;Ning Tan,&nbsp;Anning Cui,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Baoshuo Fan,&nbsp;Bing Song,&nbsp;Xiudong Yang,&nbsp;Kangyou Huang,&nbsp;Yun Zhang,&nbsp;Yuecong Li,&nbsp;Sangheon Yi,&nbsp;Jungjae Park,&nbsp;Zhuo Zheng,&nbsp;Qinghai Xu,&nbsp;Jie Liu,&nbsp;Chang Li,&nbsp;Houyuan Lu","doi":"10.1029/2026JD047113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JD047113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temperature and precipitation variability in monsoonal Asia is central to understanding regional climate dynamics and global teleconnections. How post-LGM warming and hydroclimate change unfolded in Northeast Asia, and how they were linked to external forcing, remain poorly constrained. Here we present high-resolution pollen-derived reconstructions of mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) from Xiaolongwan Maar Lake, spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present. From the LGM to the mid-Holocene, MAT increased by ∼9.0 ± 2.2°C and MAP by ∼470 ± 121 mm. During ∼19.0–17.0 kyr b2k, MAT declined markedly, whereas MAP changed only slightly and remained largely within reconstruction uncertainties, indicating clear MAT-MAP divergence. In contrast, across the BA onset, Younger Dryas, and early Holocene, MAT and MAP shifted rapidly and broadly contemporaneously, with changes of −6.5 to 6.2°C and −300 to 350 mm at rates of −2.5 to 2.7°C kyr-1 and -120 to 130 mm kyr-1, respectively. Comparisons with proxy records and transient climate simulations indicate that the ∼19.0–17.0 kyr b2k divergence reflects different sensitivities to climate forcing: MAT was more closely linked to high-latitude forcing through winter temperature, whereas MAP was more strongly associated with East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) dynamics and Western Pacific sea surface temperature. This divergence suggests that high-latitude and monsoon forcing can act on different timescales in Northeast Asia, with implications for hydroclimate proxies that assume temperature and precipitation track one another.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"131 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026JD047113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}