Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献_第2页

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Weakening Warmed the Southern Tibetan Plateau in Spring During the 8.2 ka Cold Event

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042209

Xiaojian Zhang, Chunzhu Chen, Wenwei Zhao

{"title":"Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Weakening Warmed the Southern Tibetan Plateau in Spring During the 8.2 ka Cold Event","authors":"Xiaojian Zhang, Chunzhu Chen, Wenwei Zhao","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042209","url":null,"abstract":"Past North Atlantic abrupt cold events have the potential to provide insights into the future climatic response to the slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). This study explores spring temperature changes on the southern Tibetan Plateau during the 8.2 ka cold event through simulations forced by North Atlantic freshwater hosing. Simulation results reveal anomalous warming on the southern Tibetan Plateau due to hosing-induced AMOC slowdown. This warming was primary caused by the increase of net solar flux and the presence of an anomalous warm anticyclone over the Tibetan Plateau. The enhanced net solar flux resulted from the decrease in snowfall, which led to a reduction in albedo. The snowfall was mainly reduced by the decrease in westerly moisture transport, resulting from weakened lower-level westerlies induced by AMOC-driven climate variabilities over the North Atlantic and tropical Indian Ocean. The warm anticyclone was induced by the anomalous vertical northerly shear over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, which resulted from enhanced diabatic heating released by Asian monsoon rainfall. Asian monsoon rainfall increased due to anomalous lower-level cyclone over the tropical Indian Ocean. This anomalous cyclone was induced by the Mastuno-Gill response over the tropical Indian Ocean and amplified by a wave train propagating from the North Atlantic, both of which were resulted from the AMOC slowdown. The AMOC weakening is likely to play an important role in the recent and ongoing amplification of spring warming on the southern Tibetan Plateau.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Near-Infrared Atomic Oxygen Photometry of Lightning

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042256

Jacob Wemhoner, Caitano L. da Silva, Adonis F. R. Leal, Sampath Bandara, John G. Pantuso, Richard G. Sonnenfeld

{"title":"Near-Infrared Atomic Oxygen Photometry of Lightning","authors":"Jacob Wemhoner, Caitano L. da Silva, Adonis F. R. Leal, Sampath Bandara, John G. Pantuso, Richard G. Sonnenfeld","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042256","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the temperature of lightning is a fundamental part of understanding the evolution of the plasma channel, and it is also crucial to quantify its chemical and energetic impacts in the atmosphere. Nonetheless, due to complications that have both to do with the complexity of the source and required equipment, this has only been done in a few studies to date. Here we report on the design and implementation of an instrument to perform simultaneous, multi-band optical and radio observations of lightning, which aims to provide a fast and simple way to routinely measure its temperature. The primary instrument includes photometers to measure temperature and electric field sensors to identify lightning sub-processes. Data are analyzed in tandem with 2D and 3D lightning location information. To measure the temperature, the photometer array includes 3 channels equipped with narrowband filters (1 nm) centered at bright atomic oxygen lines in the near-infrared, and temperature is given from the relative intensity of optical emissions across the 3 channels. We found the average peak temperature of 44 negative cloud-to-ground lightning return strokes to be 17,600 K. Additionally, the peak temperature had no apparent correlation to the peak current. Comparisons between 777 nm observations from the ground and from space by the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) emphasize the picture that the instruments in these two vantage points tend to see different portions of the lightning flash. They also reveal that dart leaders play a key role in the interpretation of lightning observations from space.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple Climate Forcings Decomposed From a Tibetan Plateau Ice Core Isotope Record

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042929

Rong Li, Zhongyin Cai, Cheng Wang, Feng Liu, Di Yang, Chenhao Xu, Songlin Yu, Xinyi Yu, Qiyao Fan, Lide Tian

{"title":"Multiple Climate Forcings Decomposed From a Tibetan Plateau Ice Core Isotope Record","authors":"Rong Li, Zhongyin Cai, Cheng Wang, Feng Liu, Di Yang, Chenhao Xu, Songlin Yu, Xinyi Yu, Qiyao Fan, Lide Tian","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042929","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the impact of various climate systems, including the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) and westerlies, it is challenging to identify specific climate variables from the ice core δ18O records of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Here, we disentangle the major climate modes by applying the singular spectrum analysis method to a δ18O time series in a shallow ice core retrieved from central TP. This method allows us to identify three major climate modes: the trend component, the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The trend component mainly reflects warming in the middle and upper troposphere over the south of the TP rather than the low land surface temperature changes. Furthermore, we found that water vapor δ18O in these upper atmospheric layers positively correlates with temperature. We propose that the up-and-over transport of such water vapor to the TP contributes to the temperature signal in the ice core δ18O record, which also helps understand the increasing trend in TP ice core δ18O records during the last deglaciation. ENSO and PDO affect the intensity of the ASM through two phases: warm phases tend to weaken the monsoon, leading to higher δ18O values, whereas cool phases strengthen the monsoon, resulting in lower δ18O values. Our findings suggest that multiple climate forcings can have their specific isotopic imprints in isotopic archives and highlight the importance of analyzing the integrated effects of diverse climatic drivers. The analyses also shed light on separating different climate signals from paleoclimate records.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lowering of Tropopause and Strengthening of Tropopause Inversion Layer at Antarctica During the 2002 and 2019 Southern Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events as Seen by Radiosonde Observations and ERA5 Reanalysis

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041872

Lingyun Yang, Shaodong Zhang, Chunming Huang, Kaiming Huang, Yun Gong, Zheng Ma, Jiahui Luo, Rui Wang

{"title":"Lowering of Tropopause and Strengthening of Tropopause Inversion Layer at Antarctica During the 2002 and 2019 Southern Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events as Seen by Radiosonde Observations and ERA5 Reanalysis","authors":"Lingyun Yang, Shaodong Zhang, Chunming Huang, Kaiming Huang, Yun Gong, Zheng Ma, Jiahui Luo, Rui Wang","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041872","url":null,"abstract":"Using radiosonde and ERA5 reanalysis data, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the tropopause and tropopause inversion layer (TIL) in the Antarctic region during the 2002 and 2019 southern sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events and the mechanism involved. Following these SSW events there was a sharper TIL and a warmer and lower tropopause. After the onset of rapid warming during the major SSW event in 2002 and the minor SSW event in 2019, the magnitudes of these anomalies increased and reached their respective first peaks. The anomalies increased and peaked again following the early final breakdown of the polar vortex (i.e., the switch to summer circulation). During the SSW events and final breakdown of the polar vortex in 2002 and 2019, stratospheric residual mean circulation, which was driven by planetary waves, was the primary cause of these anomalies. The adiabatic heating of the anomalous downwelling residual mean circulation above the tropopause led to a decrease in the tropopause height and a warming of the tropopause temperature. It also led to increased static stability near the tropopause by dynamical heating, which represented a strengthened TIL. In addition, approximately 4% and 1.9% of the strengthening of the TIL in 2002 and 2019, respectively, can be attributed to the increased anticyclonic circulation at the tropopause.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Contrasting Roles of Land and Oceanic Moisture Contributions to Summer Rainfall Over the Southeastern United States

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042039

C. M. Sala, E. Zorzetto, L. Li

{"title":"The Contrasting Roles of Land and Oceanic Moisture Contributions to Summer Rainfall Over the Southeastern United States","authors":"C. M. Sala, E. Zorzetto, L. Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042039","url":null,"abstract":"Summer precipitation in the Southeast United States (SEUS) is classified into three categories—light, moderate, and heavy—using a Bayesian statistical model. We find that heavy rainfall events explain most of the interannual variance of summertime cumulative precipitation in the region, influencing regional hydroclimate patterns. For each rainfall category, we track the respective moisture sources using the 2-Layers Water Accounting Model driven by reanalysis data. We find that the Atlantic Ocean is the primary moisture source across all rainfall categories and becomes more important with increasing rainfall intensity. Conversely, land moisture contributions decrease with rainfall intensity. In the case of heavy rainfall, the moisture originating from the Atlantic Ocean is transported to the SEUS via a southeastward positioning of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH) Western Ridge. The ample supply of moisture fluxes is further propelled by reduced surface pressure which promotes ascending motion in the SEUS. Analysis of mid-troposphere circulation indicates that this anomalous low-pressure might stem from wave trains originating over the North Pacific Ocean. Thus, heavy rainfall events involve increased Atlantic Ocean moisture fluxes directed by the NASH to the SEUS, which, in turn, is modulated by anomalous atmospheric circulation produced over the Pacific Ocean. Furthermore, we observe that the heavy and moderate (light) rainfall event frequency has increased (decreased) by five days throughout the 1970–2019 analysis period.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Black Carbon Reflects Extremely Efficient Aerosol Wet Removal in Monsoonal Convective Transport

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042692

J. Berberich, S. A. Jacoby, G. Michailoudi, J. P. Schwarz, S. Viciani, F. D’Amato, G. Bianchini, M. Barucci, T. Campos, K. Ullman, J. R. Podolske, C. Gurganus, W. P. Smith, R. Ueyama, S. B. Honomichl, L. L. Pan, S. Woods, B. Wienzierl, M. Dollner, A. E. Perring

{"title":"Black Carbon Reflects Extremely Efficient Aerosol Wet Removal in Monsoonal Convective Transport","authors":"J. Berberich, S. A. Jacoby, G. Michailoudi, J. P. Schwarz, S. Viciani, F. D’Amato, G. Bianchini, M. Barucci, T. Campos, K. Ullman, J. R. Podolske, C. Gurganus, W. P. Smith, R. Ueyama, S. B. Honomichl, L. L. Pan, S. Woods, B. Wienzierl, M. Dollner, A. E. Perring","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042692","url":null,"abstract":"Refractory black carbon (rBC) is a primary aerosol species, produced through incomplete combustion, that absorbs sunlight and contributes to positive radiative forcing. The overall climate effect of rBC depends on its spatial distribution and atmospheric lifetime, both of which are impacted by the efficiency with which rBC is transported or removed by convective systems. These processes are poorly constrained by observations. It is especially interesting to investigate rBC transport efficiency through the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) since this meteorological pattern delivers vast quantities of boundary layer air from Asia, where rBC emissions are high to the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UT/LS) where the lifetime of rBC is expected to be long. Here, we present in situ observations of rBC made during the Asian Summer Monsoon Chemistry and Climate Impact Project of summer, 2022. We use observed relationships between rBC and CO in ASM outflow to show that rBC is removed nearly completely (>98%) from uplifted air and that rBC concentrations in ASM outflow are statistically indistinguishable from the UT/LS background. We compare observed rBC and CO concentrations to those expected based on two chemical transport models and find that the models reproduce CO to within a factor of 2 at all altitudes whereas rBC is overpredicted by a factor of 20–100 at altitudes associated with ASM outflow. We find that the rBC particles in recently convected air have thinner coatings than those found in the UTLS background, suggesting transport of a small number of rBC particles that are negligible for concentration.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemispheric Asymmetry in Stratospheric Trends of HCl and Ozone: Impact of Chemical Feedback on Ozone Recovery

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042161

Andreas Chrysanthou, Kimberlee Dubé, Susann Tegtmeier, Martyn P. Chipperfield

{"title":"Hemispheric Asymmetry in Stratospheric Trends of HCl and Ozone: Impact of Chemical Feedback on Ozone Recovery","authors":"Andreas Chrysanthou, Kimberlee Dubé, Susann Tegtmeier, Martyn P. Chipperfield","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042161","url":null,"abstract":"We use trace gas profiles from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment - Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) satellite measurements and the TOMCAT three-dimensional chemical transport model to diagnose stratospheric trends in O3, HCl and N2O. We find that the 2004–2021 ACE-FTS trends exhibit a clear lower stratosphere (LS) interhemispheric asymmetry with positive (negative) O3 and N2O (HCl) trends in the Southern Hemisphere (SH), and trends of opposite sign in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The trends are larger for the shorter time period of 2004–2018. TOMCAT qualitatively agrees with the ACE-FTS LS N2O and HCl trends, confirming that transport variability drives such patterns, despite some discrepancies for O3. An additional model simulation is used to quantify the sensitivity of O3 to long-term changes in chlorine and bromine and thus determine the chemical contribution of the spatially varying halogen trends to both observed and modeled O3 trends. Overall, the recent dynamically induced variation in mid-latitude LS halogen abundance has, through chemical feedback, accentuated the O3 recovery signal in the SH and delayed it in the NH, reflecting the enhanced dynamical variability of the NH. These results further indicate the complexities that exist in the search for the signal of ozone recovery in the mid-latitude LS.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms in Regulating the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in Exascale Earth System Model Version 2

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041868

Yuanpu Li, Chih-Chieh Chen, James J. Benedict, Kai Huang, Jadwiga H. Richter, Julio Bacmeister

引用次数: 0

How Well Do AMIP6 and CMIP6 Reproduce the Specific Extreme El Niño Teleconnections to North America?

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041740

Margot Beniche, Jérôme Vialard, Matthieu Lengaigne, Nicholas M. J. Hall

{"title":"How Well Do AMIP6 and CMIP6 Reproduce the Specific Extreme El Niño Teleconnections to North America?","authors":"Margot Beniche, Jérôme Vialard, Matthieu Lengaigne, Nicholas M. J. Hall","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041740","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme El Niño events (e.g., 1982–1983, 1997–1998) are characterized by strong, eastward-shifted warm Sea Surface Temperature anomalies, and a southward migration of the eastern Pacific Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to the equator. Using an ensemble simulation with a single AMIP6 model, Beniche et al. (2024, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52580-9) suggested that such events uniquely yield an eastward shift of the Pacific-North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern, with specific impacts over North America. Here, we first examine the robustness of these results in 135 ensemble members from 23 different AMIP6 models. The specific, eastward-shifted extreme El Niño teleconnection pattern is robust in all models but one. It is also highly reproducible across years and ensemble members, due to stronger teleconnection amplitude than that of internal atmospheric noise. This yields specific, predictable impacts (defined as <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>></mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${ >} $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> 0.5 STD) such as warm conditions over Northeast America (69% chances), and wet anomalies over California (77%) and Florida (97%). We then show that 26 out of the 42 CMIP6 models we examined reproduce extreme El Niño events, defined as El Niño events associated with large eastern Pacific rainfall anomalies. These models tend to have a weaker cold tongue bias than the rest of CMIP6. Despite a degradation in performance from AMIP6 to CMIP6, 18 out of the 26 selected models capture the specific extreme El Niño teleconnections, albeit with some underestimation of wet anomalies over California and Florida. We end by discussing implications for future North American climate projections based on CMIP6.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD041740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Victoria Mode on Late-Season Tropical Cyclone Genesis Over the Western North Pacific

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041154

Yifei Dai, Bin Wang, Na Wei, Jinjie Song, Yihong Duan

{"title":"Impact of Victoria Mode on Late-Season Tropical Cyclone Genesis Over the Western North Pacific","authors":"Yifei Dai, Bin Wang, Na Wei, Jinjie Song, Yihong Duan","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041154","url":null,"abstract":"The Victoria Mode (VM) plays a vital role in shaping Pacific Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variability. However, its impact on late-season tropical cyclone genesis (TCG) over the western North Pacific (WNP) remains underexplored. This study investigated the influence of VM on WNP TCG from 1965 to 2020. Significant relationships emerge in interannual (6 year) and decadal (11 year) timescales. On the interannual timescale, VM correlates positively with TCG west of 145°E and negatively to the east. On the decadal timescale, the negative relationship spans the entire WNP. Victoria Mode directly modulates vertical motion and induces low-latitude anticyclonic circulation across the low-latitude North Pacific by altering surface wind convergence and diabatic heating. This, in turn, shapes environmental conditions, affecting TCG. Dynamic factors are more important in WNP TCG changes than thermodynamic factors. Critical environmental conditions in VM's impact on TCG include four dynamic factors: relative vorticity, vertical velocity, meridional gradient of zonal wind, and vertical shear of zonal winds. Vertical shear of zonal winds is particularly influential. Distinct correlation patterns and mechanisms are diagnosed between different timescales, attributed to anomalous SST observed over the WNP on the interannual timescale but not on the decadal timescale. Furthermore, this study illustrates the complexity of region- and time-dependent relationships between environmental conditions and TCG. Such dependencies pose challenges for conventional genesis potential index models in accurately capturing the spatial characteristics of the VM-TCG relationship. Overall, our findings uncover VM's substantial influence on WNP TCG, enhancing understanding of key environmental conditions and mechanisms driving interannual and decadal TCG variations.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0