Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献_第8页

Impact of Sensible Heating and Water Vapor Emission on Pyro-Convective Plume Characteristics 感热和水汽排放对高温对流羽流特征的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043552

Jason Müller, Fabian Senf, Ina Tegen

{"title":"Impact of Sensible Heating and Water Vapor Emission on Pyro-Convective Plume Characteristics","authors":"Jason Müller, Fabian Senf, Ina Tegen","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043552","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043552","url":null,"abstract":"PyroCb events are important sources of stratospheric aerosol. During the Australian forest fires in 2019/2020, such convective plumes transported quantities of smoke into the tropopause region comparable to those of a large volcanic eruption. In this study, we investigate the heat emission threshold at which wildfire plumes transition into pyroCbs. We examine the sensitivity of the pyroCb to further changes in the total amount of heat released as well as to the latent to sensible heat flux ratio. Using the extreme Australian New Years Eve PyroCb event as a case study, we perform semi-idealized simulations with a regional high-resolution atmospheric model. The so simulated plumes show a pronounced bimodal behavior with an abrupt onset of pyroCb formation when the sensible heat flux exceeds 50 kW m−2. When a cloud is formed within the plume, the plume top height is mainly controlled by the sum of the sensible and latent heat flux, while the ratio between the two plays a subordinate role. Increasing either heat flux raises the plume water content and temperature anomaly within the cloud. The strong differences below the cloud between plumes with equal total heat flux but different sensible heat-to-latent heat ratios are buffered by changes in the cloud base height. These results show the importance of accurate estimates of heat and moisture released by fires for predicting pyroCb development. Encouragingly, a reliable estimate of the total heat flux might be sufficient to characterize the behavior of pyroCbs, reducing the need for detailed partitioning of sensible and latent heat.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stratospheric Injection Lifetimes 平流层注入寿命

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043928

M. R. Schoeberl, M. Toohey, Y. Wang, R. Ueyama

{"title":"Stratospheric Injection Lifetimes","authors":"M. R. Schoeberl, M. Toohey, Y. Wang, R. Ueyama","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043928","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043928","url":null,"abstract":"Material injected to the stratosphere by volcanoes and pyrocumulonimbus clouds (pyroCbs) is observed to have different lifetimes depending on the altitude, latitude, season of the injection, and removal processes. We adopt a framework that describes the stratospheric lifetime of injected material as the sum of lag and decay timescales and compute these quantities in tracer simulations by injecting trajectory parcels and tracking them over 8 years. We simulate the evolution of the water vapor plume from the January 2022 Hunga eruption. The simulation suggests a lag time of 1.4 years and the decay time 2.35 ± 0.05 years, producing a stratospheric lifetime of 3.75 ± 0.05 years. From Microwave Limb Sounder observations, we estimate the Hunga water vapor plume decay time to be 2.6 ± 0.75 years and the lifetime to be 4.0 ± 0.75 years which is in good agreement with our model calculations. Overall, we find that injected material lifetime increases with altitude and decreases with the latitude. If polar stratospheric cloud formation is a loss process, the lifetime is shortened. Aerosol gravitational settling also shortens the lifetime and should be included especially for aerosols with >0.5 μm radius. We use the observed lifetime of the Hunga aerosol plume and gravitational settling rate to estimate a particle median radius of ∼0.3 µm in agreement with other estimates. Our calculations are also relevant to geoengineering plans for modifying the stratospheric albedo, where sustained stratospheric aerosol concentrations are envisioned.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043928","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Diffusion Framework for Temperature Fields Reconstruction With Embedded Vertical Dynamics 基于嵌入垂直动力学的温度场重建扩散框架

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042742

Liwen Wang, Qian Li, Zeming Zhou, Xuan Peng

{"title":"A Diffusion Framework for Temperature Fields Reconstruction With Embedded Vertical Dynamics","authors":"Liwen Wang, Qian Li, Zeming Zhou, Xuan Peng","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042742","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JD042742","url":null,"abstract":"High-resolution meteorological data are crucial for accurate climate research and weather forecasting. However, climate change and global warming are altering the patterns in meteorological data, leading to gradual shifts in the statistical characteristics of climate variables. Existing statistical downscaling approaches primarily focus on fitting historical data while neglecting the integration of essential physical laws governing atmospheric dynamics. Although these models may perform well on past data, they risk losing accuracy when applied to future climate scenarios, particularly when faced with climate shifts or changing conditions. To address this challenge, we introduce a physics-informed framework to downscale continuous temperature fields. Our framework is designed to decompose the temperature fields into a primary deterministic component and stochastic residual component, each modeled by distinct parts of the architecture. The deterministic component reconstructs the primary temperature field, whereas the stochastic diffusion component captures small-scale details and uncertainties. Moreover, this framework integrates vertical dynamics by incorporating physical priors derived from the fundamental temperature variation equation, combined through zero convolution, and applied as physics priors in the downscaling process using a 3D U-Net architecture as the encoder. The model's loss function includes Charbonnier loss for data fitting along with static stability loss, gradient loss, and coupling loss to ensure physical consistency and accurate vertical interaction representation. Comparative experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms traditional techniques, reducing the error between downscaled results and high-resolution observations to 0.627 K compared to 1.394 K with bicubic interpolation.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Orographic Drag Schemes on East Asia Rainfall 地形阻力方案对东亚降雨的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD041336

Jinbo Xie, Minghua Zhang

{"title":"Impact of Orographic Drag Schemes on East Asia Rainfall","authors":"Jinbo Xie, Minghua Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024JD041336","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JD041336","url":null,"abstract":"Current generation of climate models often has significant biases in mountainous regions where the gradient of elevation is steep, and the terrain is complex. Potential reasons for these biases include under-representation of orographic drag process in climate models. In this study, we assess the impact of orographic drag on East Asia rainfall by comparing the impact of a new orographic drag scheme that considers 3D orographic anisotropy (3D-oro) with a 2-D scheme in a general circulation model. Two sets of simulations (medium-range and seasonal forecast) are carried out for the comparison and validation against observation. It is shown that through local/remote forcing of the drag in the mountainous regions, the 3D-oro alleviates part of the excessive rainfall in west Tibetan Plateau and parts of insufficient rainfall in Southeast China by about 25%∼50% in the January/winter forecasts; it alleviates about 25%∼50% of the rainfall bias in part of south Tibetan Plateau and of East Asia in the July/summer forecasts. The results suggest the importance of improved orographic drag process and its impact in climate modeling for those regions that are prone to significant impact of hydroclimate events.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD041336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observations of Clouds and Radiation Over King George Island and Implications for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica 乔治国王岛上空云和辐射的观测及其对南大洋和南极洲的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042787

Penny M. Rowe, Xun Zou, Irina Gorodetskaya, Robert A. Stillwell, Raul R. Cordero, Edgardo Sepulveda, David H. Bromwich, Zhenhai Zhang, F. Martin Ralph, Steven Neshyba

{"title":"Observations of Clouds and Radiation Over King George Island and Implications for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica","authors":"Penny M. Rowe, Xun Zou, Irina Gorodetskaya, Robert A. Stillwell, Raul R. Cordero, Edgardo Sepulveda, David H. Bromwich, Zhenhai Zhang, F. Martin Ralph, Steven Neshyba","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042787","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JD042787","url":null,"abstract":"Clouds play an important role in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic surface energy balance via their radiative effects and in surface mass balance via precipitation formation. Here, we use measurements at Escudero Station (62.2°S, 58.97°W) on King George Island, north of the Antarctic Peninsula, to characterize clouds and their effects on the surface incoming radiation between 2017 and 2023. These measurements are unique providing 7 years of simultaneous cloud and radiation measurements, including year-round observations. Cloud measurements using a mini micropulse lidar showed that clouds are present 96% of the time with persistent low-level supercooled liquid-containing clouds: 86% of the lowest cloud bases are within the first 1 km. Liquid was present about 80% of the time, and most liquid was supercooled: cloud-base temperatures were below 0°C for 82% of atmospheric columns classified as liquid-containing. Combining pyranometer and pyrgeometer measurements with clear-sky radiative transfer modeling, we find that the downward cloud radiative forcing is negative during October–March and positive during April–September. For clouds with base temperatures below 260 K, downward longwave cloud forcing is found to be lower for ice-only clouds than for liquid-containing clouds; however, at warmer temperatures, both ice-only and liquid-containing clouds exhibited similar radiative forcing. During strong atmospheric river (AR) events, when long corridors of moisture bring heat and precipitation, surface temperatures are found to be positively correlated with downward shortwave (DSW) cloud forcing in summer, indicating that weaker DSW cloud forcing is linked to higher summertime surface temperatures.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sources and Optical Properties of Marine Organic Aerosols Under the Influence of Marine Emissions, Asian Dust, and Anthropogenic Pollutants 海洋排放、亚洲扬尘和人为污染物影响下海洋有机气溶胶的来源和光学性质

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043472

Yiwen Zhang, Yujue Wang, Shubin Li, Yizhe Yi, Yuqi Guo, Chao Yu, Yue Jiang, Yuanzhe Ni, Wei Hu, Jialei Zhu, Jianhua Qi, Jinhui Shi, Xiaohong Yao, Huiwang Gao

{"title":"Sources and Optical Properties of Marine Organic Aerosols Under the Influence of Marine Emissions, Asian Dust, and Anthropogenic Pollutants","authors":"Yiwen Zhang, Yujue Wang, Shubin Li, Yizhe Yi, Yuqi Guo, Chao Yu, Yue Jiang, Yuanzhe Ni, Wei Hu, Jialei Zhu, Jianhua Qi, Jinhui Shi, Xiaohong Yao, Huiwang Gao","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043472","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043472","url":null,"abstract":"The compositions and optical properties of marine organic aerosols (OA) were investigated through shipboard measurements in autumn, spring, and summer over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea (YBS), East Asian marginal seas. Water-soluble organics averagely accounted for 45%–75% of the OA mass concentrations and 53%–87% of the OA light absorption at 300 nm (Abs300) in the fine particles over the YBS. However, the water-insoluble organic fractions among marine OA increased obviously during periods dominated by dust or marine emissions. Source apportionment and fluorescent components of OA were further analyzed to gain a quantitative insight into the seasonal variations of the marine OA sources. During autumn, the severe influence of continental anthropogenic pollutants led to a dominant presence of water-soluble components in the marine OA. Anthropogenic secondary formation contributed 61% and 82% of the mass concentrations and the Abs300 of water-soluble OA in autumn. Asian dust led to an obvious elevation of OA and brown carbon (BrC) light absorption over the YBS in spring, which contributed 70% and 66% of the water-insoluble OA mass and Abs300, respectively. In spring, 59% of the OA fluorescence intensity was attributed to the dust-related protein-like organics. During the summer cruise, marine emissions contributed 64%–69% to the mass concentration, 53%–79% to the Abs300, and 60% to the fluorescent intensity of OA over the YBS. Our result highlights the distinct sources of marine OA and BrC light absorption across seasons, as well as their vital roles in solar absorption relative to black carbon over marginal seas.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of a Reduced AMOC on the South America Mean Climate and Extremes AMOC降低对南美洲平均气候和极端事件的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044103

Virna L. Meccia, Josefina Blázquez

{"title":"Impacts of a Reduced AMOC on the South America Mean Climate and Extremes","authors":"Virna L. Meccia, Josefina Blázquez","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044103","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD044103","url":null,"abstract":"The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) plays a crucial role in regulating global and regional climate by distributing heat meridionally across the planet. Future projections indicate a weakening of the AMOC in response to increased greenhouse gas concentrations. In this study, we investigate the impact of AMOC weakening on South America's mean climate, as well as temperature and precipitation extremes. We analyze targeted sensitivity experiments using the EC-Earth3 climate model. Our findings reveal that AMOC weakening induces cooling and wetting in the tropics of South America, contrasted by warming and dryness in the extratropics. This pattern weakens the meridional temperature gradient, shifts the intertropical convergence zone and the high-latitude winter and summer jets southward, and reduces midlatitude storm tracks, particularly in austral winter. We analyze extreme events in two representative regions—La Plata Basin and northeast Brazil—which exhibit contrasting responses. In La Plata Basin, summer heat waves become more frequent, intense, and prolonged, while winter cold spells occur more frequently but with decreased intensity and duration when the AMOC reduces. In contrast, northeast Brazil experiences an increase in the frequency and intensity of heat waves, while cold spells become less frequent but more intense. Extreme precipitation events weaken in the La Plata Basin but intensify in northeast Brazil in both seasons under AMOC weakening. Some of these climate impacts may exacerbate global warming effects, while others may partially offset them. These findings underscore the critical need to refine climate models' representation of AMOC dynamics to improve predictions of future climate scenarios.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD044103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of GOES-17 Atmospheric Motion Vectors With AR Recon Dropsonde Data and Assessment of Wind Fields in the Global Forecast System During Atmospheric River Events 大气河流事件期间GOES-17大气运动矢量与AR探测数据对比及全球预报系统风场评估

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD043267

Minghua Zheng, F. Martin Ralph, Xingren Wu, Bin Guan, Duane Waliser, Iliana Genkova, Luca Delle Monache, Vijay Tallapragada, Zhenhai Zhang, David Santek, Zhenglong Li, Scot Rafkin

{"title":"Comparison of GOES-17 Atmospheric Motion Vectors With AR Recon Dropsonde Data and Assessment of Wind Fields in the Global Forecast System During Atmospheric River Events","authors":"Minghua Zheng, F. Martin Ralph, Xingren Wu, Bin Guan, Duane Waliser, Iliana Genkova, Luca Delle Monache, Vijay Tallapragada, Zhenhai Zhang, David Santek, Zhenglong Li, Scot Rafkin","doi":"10.1029/2024JD043267","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JD043267","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) represent horizontal wind derived by tracking cloud or water vapor features on successive satellite images. The launch of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R), including GOES-16 (GOES-East) and GOES-17 (GOES-West), has significantly enhanced AMV data volume and geographic coverage over the contiguous United States (U.S.) and adjacent oceans. AMVs from GOES-16/17 products can augment wind data in data-sparse oceanic areas such as those frequented by atmospheric rivers (ARs). However, AMVs exhibit biases and uncertainties, especially due to height assignment issues, and there are fewer conventional data (e.g., radiosondes) to assess GOES-17 AMVs over oceans. The AR Reconnaissance (AR Recon) samples ARs to improve forecast skill over the U.S. West and provides a unique opportunity to compare GOES-17 AMVs. This study quantifies biases and uncertainties in GOES-17 AMVs in the northeast Pacific using dropsondes from AR Recon, and assesses Global Forecast System (GFS) model wind analyses and background fields during AR events. Results for four representative AR cases show that GOES-R AMVs improved wind data distribution compared to cases prior to GOES-R becoming operational, particularly in the upper and lower troposphere. A comparison with dropsondes reveals a small vector wind speed bias of −0.7 m s−1. The uncertainty for AMVs is estimated at 5–6 m s−1. Comparison of collocated GFS model background wind fields shows small biases. Data assimilation reduces root-mean-squared differences, but the small biases in operational AMVs need further attention as they are a predominant wind data source in the GFS over oceanic regions.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Sea Level and Seaway in Modulating the Hadley Circulation Change During the Last Glacial Period 末次冰期海平面和航道对哈德利环流变化的调节作用

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044282

Yeyi Fu, Mingna Wu, Zhongshi Zhang

{"title":"Role of Sea Level and Seaway in Modulating the Hadley Circulation Change During the Last Glacial Period","authors":"Yeyi Fu, Mingna Wu, Zhongshi Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044282","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD044282","url":null,"abstract":"The Hadley circulation, which is the most prominent meridional atmospheric circulation in Earth's system, is widely suggested to contract during the Last Glacial (LG) period by paleoclimate modeling studies. Although ice sheet expansion and sea level fall often exert coupled influences on Hadley circulation changes, most existing studies have focused on ice sheet and overlooked the role of sea level fall. Here, using climate simulations based the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM1-F), we show that sea level fall and associated closure/constriction of seaways play roles comparable to ice sheet expansion in modulating Hadley circulation changes during the initial stage of the LG period (∼70 ka). The sea level fall leads to an interhemispheric energy imbalance, which in turn causes the southward shift of the ascending branch of the Hadley circulation associated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The closure/constriction of seaways weakens (strengthens) the Hadley circulation in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere and shifts its poleward edges equatorward in both hemispheres through influencing the meridional temperature gradient. Our results demonstrate the importance of taking changes in global mean sea level and seaways into account when simulating the glacial climate.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD044282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial Patterns of Total and Water-Soluble Trace Metals in Various Marine Total Suspended Particulate Over the Northwest Pacific Ocean 西北太平洋各种海洋总悬浮颗粒中总微量金属和水溶性微量金属的空间格局

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043475

Yu-Xiao Li, Li Luo, Shih-Chieh Hsu, XiaoHong Yao, Hui-Wang Gao, Shuh-Ji Kao

{"title":"Spatial Patterns of Total and Water-Soluble Trace Metals in Various Marine Total Suspended Particulate Over the Northwest Pacific Ocean","authors":"Yu-Xiao Li, Li Luo, Shih-Chieh Hsu, XiaoHong Yao, Hui-Wang Gao, Shuh-Ji Kao","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043475","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JD043475","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric deposition of trace metals has been widely evidenced to impact oceanic primary production. However, the onboard observations of water-soluble trace metals that the phytoplankton can directly assimilate are still insufficient. In this study, springtime total suspended particulates (TSPs) were collected from the Yellow Sea and East China Seas (ECSs) to the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) by the cruise in 2014, and concentrations of total and water-soluble trace metals were analyzed. Total and water-soluble trace metal concentrations in ECSs were higher than those in NWPO, suggesting anthropogenic and terrestrial emissions had greater impacts on TSPs in ECSs. Total and water-soluble trace metal concentrations in dust TSPs were higher than those in normal TSPs in NWPO, indicating that dust plumes mixed with anthropogenic emissions can be transported to NWPO. Based on enrichment factors, correlation analysis, positive matrix factorization model, and characteristics of trace metals from different sources, four emission sources (crustal mineral, ship exhaust, fossil fuel combustion, and marine emissions) of trace metals in marine TSPs in NWPO were identified. Aerosol sources, aerosol pH values, aging processing, and dust loading significantly affect trace metal solubility in different types of TSPs. Dry deposition fluxes of trace metals in ECSs were higher than those in NWPO. Atmospheric deposition of water-soluble Fe-estimated nitrogen fixation (N2 fixation) fluxes in NWPO were comparable to in situ observations, indicating that atmospheric Fe may be an important micronutrient supporting new primary production in the open ocean of NWPO.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0