Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres最新文献_第5页

Observation and Large-Eddy Simulation of an Offshore Atmospheric Undular Bore During Sea-Breeze Initiation 海风起爆过程中近海大气波纹孔的观测与大涡模拟

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043852

Mathieu Landreau, Boris Conan, Benjamin Luce, Isabelle Calmet

{"title":"Observation and Large-Eddy Simulation of an Offshore Atmospheric Undular Bore During Sea-Breeze Initiation","authors":"Mathieu Landreau, Boris Conan, Benjamin Luce, Isabelle Calmet","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD043852","url":null,"abstract":"A sea-breeze (SB) initiation under land synoptic wind near a peninsula is analyzed by means of LiDAR measurements and large-eddy simulations (LES) using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) framework. In the simulation results, local SBs initiated over several coast segments converge in the morning and form a front near the peninsula. As the marine atmospheric boundary layer is stably stratified, the front generates an undular bore featuring gravity waves (GW). Despite the absence of cloud signatures, the GW are detected in the LiDAR horizontal scans, providing a direct observation. The GW have a low propagation speed, a small wavelength, and their amplitude decreases with increasing distance from the coastline. The GW amplitude increases with the strengthening of the local convergence and then decreases when the local SBs merge into a regional SB. The turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) profile in the SB without GW forms a peak in the center of the SB cell. Within the GW, a significant part of the TKE calculated from simulation results is related to the GW horizontal motion. A method is proposed to extract only the part originating from the turbulent field. A peak in the TKE profile is also observed, and its intensity is 50%–100% higher near the crests than at the troughs. Analysis of the TKE budget demonstrates that, at the peak height, the shear production is positive only in the ascending phase of the GW, and that the TKE maximum at the crests mainly results from the advection process.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observed Evidence and Physical Mechanism of Preceding Soil Temperature Variability Affecting Sub-Seasonal Air Temperature in Summer Over Chinese Mainland 中国大陆夏季土壤温度前期变率影响亚季节气温的观测证据和物理机制

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD043071

Yue Chen, Aihui Wang, Xin Ma

{"title":"Observed Evidence and Physical Mechanism of Preceding Soil Temperature Variability Affecting Sub-Seasonal Air Temperature in Summer Over Chinese Mainland","authors":"Yue Chen, Aihui Wang, Xin Ma","doi":"10.1029/2024JD043071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD043071","url":null,"abstract":"Soil temperature (ST)-air temperature (AT) coupling is an essential process of the heat exchange between land surface and atmosphere. However, the relationship between the antecedent ST and the subsequent AT remains uncertain. In this study, we quantify the ST-AT coupling strength via the correlation between 1-day ST and the subsequent 21-day mean AT over the summer season (June-July-August) in Chinese mainland. Daily ST for 1961–2016 (with 5,152 total days) is segmented into quartiles based on its anomalies, and then ST-AT coupling strength is quantified under different quartiles. We find that the persistence of ST anomaly is prolonged in the outer quartiles (first and fourth quartiles). Correspondingly, the ST-AT coupling strength is also relatively strong, enhancing the AT variability and predictability. Analysis of the land-surface energy budget indicates that ST anomalies in the outer quartiles amplify AT variability through enhancing the subsequent surface outcoming longwave radiation, sensible heat flux, ground heat flux, and atmosphere boundary layer height altogether. Furthermore, the ST-AT coupling strength shows regional variations, being stronger in arid regions and weaker in humid regions. The current findings highlight the important effects of preceding land thermal conditions on the sub-seasonal to seasonal AT, which may provide some grounds for improving prediction of summer climate.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

WRF Simulations of Future Saharan Dust Concentrations Across West Africa: Historical and Late 21st Century 未来西非撒哈拉沙尘浓度的WRF模拟：历史和21世纪后期

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043892

Gregory S. Jenkins, Jacob Tindan, Sium Gebremariam

{"title":"WRF Simulations of Future Saharan Dust Concentrations Across West Africa: Historical and Late 21st Century","authors":"Gregory S. Jenkins, Jacob Tindan, Sium Gebremariam","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD043892","url":null,"abstract":"The Sahara is the largest dust source in the world with individual dust events caused by wind-driven meteorological conditions. The meteorological wind perturbations are multiscaled ranging from convective scale to synoptic scale, leading to uncertainty in future projections of surface dust and transport with Earth System Models (ESMs). We use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with 20 km grid spacing forced by the MPI-ESM to examine present-day and late-century dust changes in the presence of SSP126 and SSP585 GHG forcing. Results show higher PM10 concentrations in the SSP126 simulation, but the largest winter and summer season increases occur in the WRF MPI SSP585 simulation. Increases in PM10 concentrations during DJF are linked to higher pressure across North Africa. During JJA, warmer surface conditions increase the vertical transport of dust in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL). In addition, we find a weaker African Easterly Jet (AEJ) at lower latitudes and reductions in lower troposphere relative humidity and precipitation in the Western Sahel from June through August. These climate outcomes would lead to negative health outcomes and increase climate injustice for future populations in West Africa.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043892","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044129

Jie Tian, Qiyuan Wang, Li Li, Weikang Ran, Yong Zhang, Yaqing Zhou, Huikun Liu, Miao Gao, Yichen Wang, Haiyan Ni, Chong Wei, Nan Ma, Yongming Han, Junji Cao

{"title":"Similarities and Differences in Mass Spectral Signatures of Primary Organic Aerosol From Biomass Burning, Cooking, Coal Combustion, and Vehicle Exhaust","authors":"Jie Tian, Qiyuan Wang, Li Li, Weikang Ran, Yong Zhang, Yaqing Zhou, Huikun Liu, Miao Gao, Yichen Wang, Haiyan Ni, Chong Wei, Nan Ma, Yongming Han, Junji Cao","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD044129","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive understanding of mass spectra of primary organic aerosols (OA) from anthropogenic sources is crucial for source apportionment of ambient OA measured by aerosol mass spectrometer. However, localized mass spectral data in China are still scarce. This study conducted a series of source emission experiments using a quadrupole aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) to characterize mass spectra of OA from crop residue burning (CRBOA), wood burning (WBOA), cooking (COA), coal combustion (CCOA), and vehicle exhaust (VEOA). The extracted marker fragments and diagnostic ratios from mass spectra were investigated, revealing their representativeness and effectiveness in distinguishing OA sources. Distinct differences were generally found between OA mass spectra from various anthropogenic sources. Additionally, subtypes of COA and CCOA mass spectra showed notable differences, allowing for finer OA source apportionment. Cluster analysis of existing 57 OA mass spectra further demonstrated their efficacy in identifying OA sources, and revealed certain sources were grouped into distinct clusters. This highlights the importance of using localized mass spectra for refined OA source classification. Our mass spectral characterization of primary OA from anthropogenic sources offers a practical data set for ACSM-based source apportionment, which can support more accurate identification of ambient OA sources in China.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of WRF Model Performance for Hailstorms in Southern France Using DPR-GPM Data 利用pr - gpm资料评价WRF模式对法国南部冰雹的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043462

L. Rivero-Ordaz, E. García-Ortega, A. Navarro, F. J. Tapiador, J. L. Sánchez, A. Merino

{"title":"Evaluation of WRF Model Performance for Hailstorms in Southern France Using DPR-GPM Data","authors":"L. Rivero-Ordaz, E. García-Ortega, A. Navarro, F. J. Tapiador, J. L. Sánchez, A. Merino","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD043462","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding and better predicting severe meteorological phenomena such as hailstorms is increasingly important because of their capacity to cause major socioeconomic losses. We analyzed seven case studies with confirmed hail on the ground. To do so, we used four microphysical parameterizations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (horizontal resolution 3 km) that incorporate hail formation. Predictive variables for hailstorm severity were extracted from the Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar-Global Precipitation Measurement (DPR-GPM) sensor, a novel and effective tool for monitoring extreme events. The main objective was to evaluate WRF model data by comparing them with DPR-GPM observations during hailstorm days in southern France. For this, the SAL score was used, an object-oriented method that robustly evaluates the simulations. To deepen the analysis, other metrics were calculated. The selection of microphysical parameterizations for simulating hail is challenging because of their specific assumptions and dependence on other model parameterizations. However, for southern France, the best parameterization for simulating maximum reflectivity in the vertical profile and vertically integrated precipitation water in the solid phase was the Milbrandt-Yau Double-Moment 7-class. For vertically integrated precipitation water in the liquid phase, it was the WRF Single-Moment 7-class (WSM7), with WRF Double-Moment 7-class (WDM7) standing out in the localization of all three variables. In contrast, the NSSL 2–Moment 7-class scheme generally showed poorer performance in hail prediction and simulation of the analyzed variables. Identifying optimal parameterizations for hailstorm prediction in southern France will enhance future simulations of extreme weather in the Mediterranean.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Global Ocean TOA Instantaneous Clear-Sky Albedo From CERES for Shortwave Cloud Radiative Effect Analysis Based on a Deep Learning Model 基于深度学习模型的CERES全球海洋TOA瞬时晴空反照率估算及短波云辐射效应分析

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD044878

Boyang Zheng, Yang Cao, Kang-En Huang, Jihu Liu, Yichuan Wang, Yannian Zhu, Minghuai Wang, Daniel Rosenfeld, Chen Zhou, Yi Huang

{"title":"Estimation of Global Ocean TOA Instantaneous Clear-Sky Albedo From CERES for Shortwave Cloud Radiative Effect Analysis Based on a Deep Learning Model","authors":"Boyang Zheng, Yang Cao, Kang-En Huang, Jihu Liu, Yichuan Wang, Yannian Zhu, Minghuai Wang, Daniel Rosenfeld, Chen Zhou, Yi Huang","doi":"10.1029/2025JD044878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD044878","url":null,"abstract":"Clouds play a crucial role in Earth's climate system, with clear-sky albedo being fundamental for estimating cloud albedo and the shortwave (SW) cloud radiative effect (CRE), which are key to understanding Earth's radiative balance. However, direct satellite measurements of theoretical clear-sky albedo for cloudy pixels are impossible. To address this limitation, we developed a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model trained on over 20 million samples from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data set, enabling the estimation of instantaneous clear-sky albedo at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The MLP model achieves an RMSE of 0.004 and R2 of 0.96, having a closer agreement with direct observational products compared to other radiation products, and provides the temporally perfect match to the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer instantaneous observations. Furthermore, we correct undetected sub-resolution cloud contamination and sea-ice contamination within clear-sky pixels present in CERES observations. Based on clear-sky albedo across cloudy regions, the estimated instantaneous noon SW CRE is −113.44 W·m−2. By employing another MLP model to scale the instantaneous clear-sky albedo to daily values, the estimated daily CRE is −44.51 W·m−2, which is 1.02 W·m−2 weaker than that from the CERES Synoptic TOA and surface fluxes and clouds (SYN) product, mainly since imperfect temporal match, as well as the differences in aerosol sources and treatment. The deep learning-derived clear-sky albedo and the estimated CRE provide a new approach for research on aerosol-cloud interactions, cloud feedback mechanisms, and model improvements, offering valuable insights into the field.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Feasibility Study on Improving Tropical-Cyclone Inner-Core Structure Based on Data Assimilation of Inner-Core Atmospheric Motion Vectors 基于内核大气运动矢量同化数据改善热带气旋内核结构的可行性研究

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043978

Satoki Tsujino, Takeshi Horinouchi

{"title":"A Feasibility Study on Improving Tropical-Cyclone Inner-Core Structure Based on Data Assimilation of Inner-Core Atmospheric Motion Vectors","authors":"Satoki Tsujino, Takeshi Horinouchi","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD043978","url":null,"abstract":"The present operational estimation of the tropical cyclone (TC) intensity is made by subjectively combining observational methods including the Dvorak technique. However, as the kinds and frequencies of satellite observations are increased, it is desirable to switch to physics-based objective analysis. This study is conducted to test its feasibility by examining the assimilation of high-resolution atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) obtained by a recently proposed method. Even though the method can retrieve low-level high-speed winds near the inner edge of the eyewall cloud, it cannot directly measure the maximum wind speed, which is normally achieved in the eyewall. On the basis of an ensemble Kalman filter assimilation system, observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are performed by assimilating pseudo-AMV observations created from a nature run during the mature stage in a real TC. Mimicking the real AMVs, the pseudo-observations are limited to low-level AMVs in the eye without the maximum wind in the eyewall. The AMV assimilation limited to the eye reduces the spread of the TC-center position among the ensemble members. Although the present OSSE has a limitation to assume that the model used is unbiased and highly dense AMVs are always obtained in a vertical layer of the eye, these results suggest that assimilating high-resolution low-level AMVs in the eye can be a hopeful approach to realize improvement of the TC structure with small errors in the model for the physics-based objective analysis of TC intensity in the future.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043978","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Boundary Layer Jets on Cold Pool Characteristics Observed From the 356-m High Shenzhen Meteorological Tower 边界层急流对356米高深圳气象塔观测冷池特征的影响

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD042926

Dong Fu, Yu Du, Chuying Mai, Minghua Li, Chao Li

{"title":"Impact of Boundary Layer Jets on Cold Pool Characteristics Observed From the 356-m High Shenzhen Meteorological Tower","authors":"Dong Fu, Yu Du, Chuying Mai, Minghua Li, Chao Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042926","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between cold pools and low-level vertical wind shear plays an important role in the initiation and development of convection. However, the impact of the boundary layer jets (BLJs), with their unique low-level vertical wind shear structures and moisture transport properties, on cold pools remains incompletely understood. This study utilizes observations from the 356-m high Shenzhen Meteorological Tower to compare cold pool characteristics under BLJ and non-BLJ conditions during April to June from 2018 to 2020. A total of 54 cold pools are identified, with 26 influenced by BLJs. BLJ-related cold pools typically exhibit weaker average temperature drops, more pronounced decreases in specific humidity, and higher turbulence transport compared to those unrelated to BLJs. The enhanced moisture transport by BLJs constrains rainfall evaporation, resulting in weaker cold pools. In addition, the strong wind shear associated with BLJs promotes upward energy transport and turbulence, further weakening the intensity of cold pool. These distinctions are particularly pronounced in cold pools associated with mesoscale convective systems rather than individual convective cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interactions among cold pools, BLJs, and convection in South China.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disentangling Natural and Anthropogenic Sources of Dust Deposition to a Montane Ecosystem at San Jacinto Peak, Southern California 南加利福尼亚圣哈辛托峰山地生态系统的自然和人为沙尘沉积来源

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD043322

Emmet D. Norris, Sarah M. Aarons, Kai Hu, Ken L. Ferrier, Rain Blankenship, Anusha Goswami, Justin Han

{"title":"Disentangling Natural and Anthropogenic Sources of Dust Deposition to a Montane Ecosystem at San Jacinto Peak, Southern California","authors":"Emmet D. Norris, Sarah M. Aarons, Kai Hu, Ken L. Ferrier, Rain Blankenship, Anusha Goswami, Justin Han","doi":"10.1029/2025JD043322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD043322","url":null,"abstract":"The composition and flux of mineral dust are largely driven by the entrainment and transport of sediment from both natural and human sources, resulting in varying ecological impacts at the deposition site. To investigate the influence of natural and human sources of dust in montane environments, we measured dust composition and deposition rate on San Jacinto Peak in Southern California from 2019 to 2022 at six sites spanning 2,462 m in elevation and 20 km in distance. We find unique interannual variations in fine dust (0.2–30 μm) flux and chemical composition between sites. The greatest average dust flux occurs during July–November (0.14–3.50 g m−2 y−1), followed by March–July (0.24–4.07 g m−2 y−1) and is lowest during November–March (0.29–2.76 g m−2 y−1). Wildfires led to significant increases in dust flux, with the highest dust flux occurring at the lowest elevation site following the 2020 Snow Creek fire. Greater enrichment of metals and depletion of rare earth elements at higher relative to lower elevations indicate spatial and temporal variability in dust sources, consistent with variations in natural and anthropogenic inputs. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicates that high elevation sites on average receive a higher proportion of anthropogenic dust input (64%–75%), whereas low-elevation sites receive a higher proportion of alluvium and local rock inputs (35%–63%), particularly on the north side of the mountain. This study highlights the complexity of interannual dust deposition in mountain environments and the modulation of dust flux and composition by anthropogenic activity and wildfire.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD043322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How High Is Too High? Freezing Level Height as an Essential Indicator of Glacier-Climate Regime Shifts 多高才算高？冰点高度是冰川-气候变化的重要指标

IF 3.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1029/2025JD045014

Alfonso Fernández

{"title":"How High Is Too High? Freezing Level Height as an Essential Indicator of Glacier-Climate Regime Shifts","authors":"Alfonso Fernández","doi":"10.1029/2025JD045014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045014","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical glaciers are rapidly retreating under anthropogenic global warming, posing significant hydrological, ecological, and socio-environmental risks. In this commentary, I show that the freezing level height (FLH) is a robust, yet underutilized, indicator of glacier regime change in the tropical Andes. Building on recent work by Turner et al. (2025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jd042963), I argue that the strong association between FLH and glaciers' equilibrium line altitude (ELA) offers a simplified and simultaneously physically meaningful tool to anticipate glacier responses to atmospheric warming. Turner et al. (2025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jd042963) used FLH data from reanalysis and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version model output to project 21st century ELA trajectories under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5), predicting a nearly unabated rise in the ELA across studied regions, regardless of the emission scenario. While some observational constraints remain, the findings are applicable to most existing tropical glacier regimes. Importantly, rising FLH reflects a transition from humidity- to temperature-driven mass balance, activating a cascade of positive feedbacks that accelerate ice loss. By reformulating an energy balance equation to express snowfall as a compensatory term, I demonstrate how the FLH can help identify resilient glacier landscapes, thereby informing conservation and adaptation priorities.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JD045014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0