Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health最新文献

{"title":"Language-Based Disparities in Emergency Department Referral to Substance Use Treatment: Lost in Translation.","authors":"Caitlin Ryus, Edouard Coupet, Gail D Onofrio, Pooja Agrawal","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02000-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10903-026-02000-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emergency department (ED)-based substance use navigation programs have expanded access to addiction treatment, yet little is known about whether these programs equitably serve immigrant and refugee patients, particularly those with limited English proficiency. Language barriers are associated with reduced utilization of behavioral health services and lower likelihood of receiving appropriate referrals. We examined whether preferred language was associated with receipt of a substance use consultation with a trained health promotion advocate from Project ASSERT. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 330,998 ED encounters at two EDs of a large urban academic center (January 2022-February 2024). The primary outcome was receipt of a Project ASSERT consultation. Secondary outcomes among those receiving a consultation included overdose history, referral type (direct vs. indirect) and 30-day treatment enrollment. Language was categorized as English versus non-English. We used logistic regression to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for age and gender. Complementary analyses were restricted to opioid- and alcohol-related encounters, and a detection pathway analysis examined whether identification of substance-use-related encounters at triage vs. billing diagnosis was associated with language. Most encounters involved English-preferring (89.2%), followed by Spanish-preferring (8.5%) and Other-language-preferring (2.4%) patients. Overall, 2,461 encounters (0.7%) resulted in a Project ASSERT consultation. Consultation rates were significantly lower among non-English-preferring patients (0.3% Spanish, < 0.1% Other) compared to English-preferring patients (0.8%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age and gender, non-English language preference was associated with significantly lower odds of receiving a consultation (adjusted OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.25-0.37, p < 0.001). Among those receiving a consultation, non-English-preferring patients had significantly lower odds of receiving a direct treatment referral (adjusted OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.33-0.91, p = 0.024). No significant differences were observed in overdose history or 30-day treatment enrollment. Non-English language preference was associated with lower odds of consultation among alcohol-related encounters (adjusted OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.50). The association was attenuated and not statistically significant among opioid-related encounters. Non-English language preference was associated with significantly lower odds of receiving an ED-based substance use consultation and direct treatment referral. Language-based disparities were evident at multiple stages including identification of opioid use and consultation among patients with alcohol-related encounters. These findings highlight persistent language-based disparities in addiction care access that disproportionately affect immigrant and refugee populations. Investment in language-co","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Patchworking\" Social Support Among Vietnamese Americans for Chronic Disease Management.","authors":"Thupten D Phuntsog, Jeannie K Lee, Cristina I Huebner Torres, Josephine D Korchmaros, Kathryn P Derose, Felicity Aulino, Susan J Shaw","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01998-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10903-026-01998-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vietnamese Americans commonly experience a variety of chronic medical conditions. Social support can play a salient role in chronic disease management, but little is known about these dynamics among Vietnamese Americans. A mixed-methods study aimed to understand medication adherence, health literacy, and cultural beliefs among Vietnamese American patients at a Massachusetts federally qualified health center. One hundred participants completed self-report surveys and pill counts, for which frequencies and descriptive analyses were conducted. A linear regression analysis was performed between social support and medication adherence. A sub-sample of participants completed in-depth interviews, chronic disease diaries, and home observations. All qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. No statistically significant association was found between social support and medication adherence. Qualitative findings highlighted substantial social support related to chronic disease management. Participants received instrumental support from their adult children, home health aides, and community organizations. Friends were a key source of affective and confidant support. Community organizations addressed instrumental needs, while also facilitating affective and confidant support among participants and their friends. While the quantitative data concluded that participants had low satisfaction with social support and that social support had no significant impact on medication adherence, the qualitative data revealed an extensive relationship between social support and the broader scope of chronic disease management. When possible, providers should engage patients' adult children, home health aides, and community organizations as important members of their social support networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148929900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detained Minor-Days in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Facilities, 2022-2026: National Surveillance of Child Detention Exposure.","authors":"Jeffrey Markowitz","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01996-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01996-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detention of immigrant children is a public-health and health-equity concern, yet national surveillance of cumulative child exposure in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody is limited. I quantified facility-day exposure among detainees classified by ICE as under age 18. I conducted a descriptive facility-day surveillance study using ICE detention-facility daily population records from October 1, 2022 through March 10, 2026. The primary outcome was detained minor-days, defined as the daily count of detainees classified by ICE as under age 18, summed across facilities and time. Rates used total detainee-days as the denominator. Analyses examined trends, facility concentration, and the contribution of the South Texas Family Residential Center (STFRC). The dataset included 888,699 facility-day records from 696 facilities. Overall, 115,314 detained minor-days were recorded. Annual detained minor-days increased from 8,669 in 2024 to 70,420 in 2025 and 23,992 during partial 2026. Rates rose from 0.61 per 1,000 detainee-days in 2024 to 3.37 in 2025 and 4.90 in early 2026. STFRC accounted for 83,994 detained minor-days (72.8% of the national total), and seven facilities accounted for 90.8% of all detained minor-days. Detained minor-days increased sharply in ICE records during 2025-2026 and were highly concentrated within a small number of facilities, highlighting the need for surveillance, oversight, and child-health protections across family and non-family detention settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let's Grow: Toward Culturally Sensitive Pubertal Research Practices with Migrant Adolescents.","authors":"Delaney Glass, Jannatul Nayeem, Jenny M Phan","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01986-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01986-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migrant children and adolescents face diverse compounding challenges. Though migration experiences are varied, migration and resettlement-related challenges can span years to decades and include traumatic stress, instability, uncertainty, and socioeconomic precariousness. For migrant children and adolescents, puberty unfolds within a developmental ecology characterized by multiple, intersecting stressors that may influence the biological trajectory of pubertal development and the psychosocial experience of this transition. In this commentary, we briefly show why researchers studying puberty should be considering migrant children and adolescents who experience precarity and severity in traumatic stressors, and we provide salient recommendations to improve the measurement and study of puberty in migrant adolescent populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional Confirmation Bias in Refugee Health Governance: Why Emergency Templates Persist Despite Evidence of Chronic Harm.","authors":"Alessandra Milani, Ketti Mazzocco","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01979-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01979-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare Access and Safety Training Gaps Among H-2 A Visa Agricultural Workers in Georgia.","authors":"Leslie Trejo, Emilly Perez Gomez, Michelle Herrera, Rodrigo Puentes, Gilda Pedraza, Linda McCauley, Roxana Chicas","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01993-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01993-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The H-2 A Temporary Agricultural Workers Program, which supplies seasonal labor essential to U.S. food security, has grown over 230% in the past decade but is excluded from the National Agricultural Workers Survey. Although safety training is federally mandated and H-2 A workers are eligible for Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace coverage, compliance and healthcare access among these workers remain poorly documented. The aim of this pilot study was to assess workplace safety training, heat acclimatization practices, health insurance awareness and enrollment, and healthcare utilization among H-2 A workers in Georgia. In summer 2024, bilingual research assistants orally administered a cross-sectional Spanish-language survey to 51 H-2 A workers at a South Georgia laundromat, in partnership with the Latino Community Fund Georgia. The survey assessed demographics, occupational characteristics, safety training, heat acclimatization, health insurance awareness and enrollment, and healthcare utilization. Findings are self-reported. Among participants, 41% reported not receiving federally mandated pesticide safety training, and 59% received heat illness prevention training. Heat acclimatization was inadequate for 53% (29% received none). Additionally, 53% did not know the nearest hospital, 43% reported having health insurance, and 25% were unsure of their health insurance status. Overall, 71% had never visited a doctor's office, and of 22 insured workers, only 1 (2%) had used benefits this season. Substantial gaps in workplace safety training, heat acclimatization, and healthcare access were observed in this pilot study, consistent with prior evidence of persistent disparities in this population. Community-based outreach, bilingual health navigation, and market-based labor accountability models warrant further investigation to improve protections for H-2 A workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citizenship Status and Contraceptive Method Use Among Latinx, Asian and Pacific Islander (API) Women in California.","authors":"Angubeen G Khan, May Sudhinaraset, Yasamin Kusunoki, Jessica D Gipson","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01978-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01978-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Citizenship status confers rights and access to healthcare, yet little is known about how it impacts contraception use and type of method use. This study examined the role of citizenship status on contraceptive use among reproductive-aged (18-44 years), cis-gender Latinx and Asian and Pacific Islander (API) women. This study used the 2017-2020 waves of the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Inclusion criteria included cisgender, heterosexual Latinx and API women of reproductive age (18-44 years) who were at risk of becoming pregnant (N = 3,027). Participants were classified into the following categories based on their citizenship status: non-citizens without a green card, legal permanent residents (LPRs), naturalized citizens, and U.S.-born citizens. We conducted bivariate analyses using Pearson's chi-square tests and multivariable analyses using adjusted binomial logistic regressions to assess associations between citizenship status and use of any modern and reversible method of contraception and type of method used. Models were stratified by race/ethnicity. All analyses were weighted. Three-quarters (75.8%) of the sample were Latinx, 57.5% were U.S.-born citizens, 16.3% were naturalized citizens, 10.6% were LPRs, and 15.7% were non-citizens without a green card. There were no significant differences in the type of contraception method use by citizenship status among Latinx. Among API, naturalized citizens had lower odds of any use and condom use and naturalized citizens and U.S.-born citizens had higher odds of using pill or other hormonal methods and IUD or implant compared to non-citizens without a green card. This study makes important contributions in understanding the role of citizenship status as a social determinant of reproductive health for Latinx and API in California.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Group Interventions Effective at Improving Health Outcomes in Culturally And Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Populations With Chronic Conditions? An Umbrella Review.","authors":"Karma Phuentsho, Emma L Karran, Ruth P Appiah, Marinelle Fernandez, Kristin Graham, Saravana Kumar, Saurab Sharma, Amanda C de C Williams, Aparnadas Amritha, G Lorimer Moseley","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01985-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01985-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations experience disproportionate burdens of chronic disease compared to the general population; previous research demonstrated group-based interventions improve health outcomes across various chronic conditions. This umbrella review aims to summarise the available evidence concerning group-based interventions for CALD populations with chronic conditions. We conducted this umbrella review in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, reported per PRISMA, and quality-assessed using AMSTAR-2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews, version 2). We searched 11 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, LILACS, and SciELO citation index of Web of Science) from inception to June 3, 2025, without language restrictions. All screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were carried out in duplicate. We descriptively synthesised the findings and determined the effectiveness and effect sizes of interventions as concluded by the review authors. We identified 22 systematic reviews, 271 primary studies, and over 32,320 people. Reviews originated from high-income countries; published in the last 10 years (82%); most (13) scored low on AMSTAR-2 quality rating. Reviews were related to mental health conditions (15), diabetes (4), chronic pain (1), cancer (1), and mixed chronic health conditions (1). Group-based Psychological Interventions reported positive effects on depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms, well-being, and quality of life. Educational Interventions improved diabetes outcomes (notably glycated haemoglobin), psychosocial outcomes in mental health, and pain, fatigue, physical activity, and self-efficacy in other chronic conditions. Multimodal Interventions improved psychosocial outcomes for mental health, pain, and disability outcomes for chronic pain. Some reviews reported mixed findings or insignificant effects. Overall, group-based interventions improved health, mental well-being, and biopsychosocial outcomes in CALD populations with chronic conditions. However, evidence remains limited; study heterogeneity (interventions, populations, outcomes) was marked. Future research should prioritise clearly describing the development, design, and implementation of interventions to meet the complex and diverse needs of CALD populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Multilingualism Shape Aging Equally Across Populations?","authors":"Howard Lopes Ribeiro Junior, Mauer Alexandre da Ascensão Gonçalves","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01989-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01989-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multilingualism has emerged as a complex sociocognitive and behavioral trait with potential implications for cognitive resilience, functional capacity, and healthy aging. Recent large-scale European studies suggest that multilingual exposure is associated with more favorable biobehavioral aging profiles when cognitive, functional, and cardiometabolic domains are jointly considered. However, the interpretation and generalization of these findings require careful contextualization. In many regions of the Global South, particularly in Africa and Latin America, multilingual experiences are frequently shaped by different historical, sociocultural, and structural contexts than those commonly described in European cohorts. In many African and Latin American settings, multilingualism is deeply embedded in everyday life and may emerge from linguistic diversity, migration, colonial histories, minority language use, and local sociocultural practices. In these contexts, language use may reflect social stratification, structural inequality, or survival strategies rather than cognitive enrichment. Emerging concepts such as \"stressful multilingualism\" highlight that, under conditions of marginalization, multilingual exposure may coexist with psychosocial stress and adverse aging pathways. Additionally, ancestry, population admixture, and sociocultural dynamics intersect with language practices and independently influence aging trajectories, raising concerns about residual confounding in current models. While national-level indicators enable broad comparisons, they obscure substantial within-country heterogeneity. We argue that multilingualism should not be treated as a universally protective or modifiable factor without accounting for social context. Future research should prioritize underrepresented regions, incorporate individual-level measures of language experience, and integrate structural determinants such as inequality, discrimination, and cultural identity. Such approaches are essential to clarify the mechanisms linking multilingualism to aging and to ensure globally relevant and equitable interpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparing Resident Physicians to Protect Immigrant Patient Rights During Immigration Enforcement Encounters: A Pre-Post Educational Intervention.","authors":"Simran Rahi, Safia Ansari, Emily Gordon","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-01994-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-01994-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immigration enforcement increasingly intersects with healthcare delivery, creating clinical situations that may affect immigrant patients' access to care, trust in healthcare institutions, and interactions with physicians. Despite these challenges, formal training on immigrant patient rights and physician responsibilities during immigration enforcement encounters remains limited. We evaluated the impact of a case-based educational intervention on resident physician preparedness for these encounters. We conducted a pre-post educational intervention study at an urban academic teaching hospital serving a diverse immigrant population. Resident physicians participated in a 60-minute curriculum addressing immigrant patient rights, physician confidentiality obligations, emergency care requirements, distinctions between administrative and judicial warrants, and practical responses to immigration enforcement encounters. Anonymous electronic surveys administered immediately before and after the intervention assessed knowledge and confidence. Among 190 eligible residents, 58 residents completed the pre-intervention survey and 49 completed the post-intervention survey. Following the intervention, residents demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge of legal protections relevant to immigrant patient care and increased confidence in educating patients about their rights, protecting patient confidentiality, and interacting with immigration enforcement agents. Qualitative responses emphasized the curriculum's immediate clinical applicability while identifying the need for institution-specific policies, communication scripts, and leadership guidance. Educational interventions addressing immigration enforcement encounters may improve physician preparedness for caring for immigrant patients while complementing institutional efforts to promote equitable, patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}