Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health最新文献

{"title":"Breathing at the Border: PM₂.₅ Exposure, Immigration, and COPD Across Census Tracts Close to Ports-of-Entry.","authors":"Maria Cristina Morales, Johnathan Andrew Cereceres, Noah Ivan Menchaca","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02022-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02022-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The North American Free Trade Agreement, now the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement, has increased semi-truck and vehicular traffic at international ports-of-entry, raising air pollution concerns in the US-Mexico border region. Studying the border county of El Paso, Texas, a central hub for Mexican imports, we extend the literature by examining the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) across census tracts with varying proximities to the port-of-entry, PM_2.5 exposure, and percent immigrant. We accomplish this objective by merging NASA PM_2.5 measurements with health data from the US Centers for Disease Control and social vulnerability indicators from the US Census' American Community Survey. We also use ArcGIS Pro to determine each census tract's proximity to a port-of-entry. Using Generalized Linear Models, we found that PM_2.5 and the percent foreign-born noncitizens are positively associated with COPD prevalence. Census tracts close to a port-of-entry, compared with those more than three miles away, have higher COPD prevalence. Moreover, COPD prevalence in immigrant communities and the effects of PM_2.5 are stratified across census tracts by proximity to ports-of-entry.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Substance use Among In-Transit Migrants at the Mexico-United States Border.","authors":"Ietza Bojorquez, Shira M Goldenberg, Alicia Harvey-Vera, Jaime Sepulveda, Steffanie Strathdee","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02021-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02021-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about substance use among in-transit migrants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the prevalence of substance use among in-transit migrants in shelters in Tijuana, Mexico, and the association of social and migration-related characteristics, and mental health problems, with substance use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Non-probability cross-sectional survey (2020-2021, n = 481), employing core questions of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), the short version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C), and a question about lifetime drug use. We used logistic regression models to evaluate associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of current tobacco use was 19%, 14% scored over the cutoff of the AUDIT-C, and 20% reported lifetime use of a drug. Odds for tobacco were lower among cis-women (OR 0.06, p < .001) and participants born in countries other than Mexico (OR 0.48, p = .024), and directly associated with income and longer stay in Tijuana. The odds for scoring over cutoff in AUDIT-C were lower among cis-women (OR 0.33, p < .001), older participants (OR 0.96 per year of age, p = .008) and participants born in countries other than Mexico (OR 0.37, p = .002), and directly associated with income. The odds for drug use were lower among cis-women (OR 0.11, p < .001), older participants (OR 0.94 per year of age, p < .001) and participants born in countries other than Mexico (OR 0.30, p = .014), and directly associated with income. Mental health problems were not significantly associated with substance use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of substance use was broadly comparable to that of the general population in Mexico, and within the range of other displaced populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessible Communication in Healthcare for Deaf People as a Linguistic Minority: A Scoping Review of Barriers, Mediation Strategies, and the Governance of Care.","authors":"Luciano Silveira Pacheco de Medeiros, Luciano Garcia Lourenção, Marco Antônio de Medeiros, Márcio Andrade Borges, Thiago Ferreira Abreu, Letícia Calcagno Gomes Cougo, Daiani Modernel Xavier, Giovana Calcagno Gomes","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02024-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02024-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For Deaf sign language users, healthcare communication extends beyond a technical component of care and may influence equitable access, patient safety, and the effectiveness of healthcare systems. This scoping review mapped and synthesized the scientific literature on communication barriers, mediation strategies, and healthcare experiences of Deaf sign language users and other deaf populations included in studies addressing communication accessibility in healthcare, identifying institutional patterns that shape communication accessibility across care settings. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations and was reported according to PRISMA-ScR. Searches were conducted in February 2026 across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO, and PsycINFO databases. Thirty studies published between 2000 and 2025, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, were included. The literature highlights persistent communication barriers throughout the care continuum, associated with a lack of sign language interpreters, the use of improvised strategies, technological limitations, and weaknesses in the institutionalization of accessible communication. These barriers are described as detrimental to autonomy, safety of care, the therapeutic relationship, and continuity of care, particularly in emergency, mental health, and other complex care settings. Mediation strategies range from informal solutions to institutionalized initiatives, the latter being less frequent but more sustainable. Accessible communication emerged as a structural dimension of equitable healthcare for Deaf sign language users. The findings suggest that health services may strengthen communication accessibility by considering institutional protocols, qualified sign language interpreter provision, professional training, systematic documentation of communication needs, and appropriate monitoring mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Missed Appointments: Identifying Key Factors Impeding Care in a Predominately Uninsured Hispanic Free Clinic Population.","authors":"Teasha Luu, Bailey Hoglin, Puja Batchu, Preston Willey, Steven Godin, Kristine Snyder, Mairi Leining, Deepika Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02020-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02020-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Missed outpatient appointments remain a challenge in healthcare settings, particularly in underserved communities where barriers to care are more prevalent [1]. Although barriers, including transportation and employment conflicts, are well recognized [2-4], limited data exist on the variables influencing appointment adherence at free clinics and the associations between demographic factors. This study aimed to identify patient-reported reasons for missed appointments in patients 18 years or older and potential opportunities for intervention at a free clinic that predominantly serves a Spanish-speaking, Hispanic population. A survey was conducted of patients who missed appointments at a free clinic\" to protect the clinic and the patients? in Park City, Utah between January 6, 2025, and June 3, 2025. Bilingual medical assistants (English/Spanish) contacted patients by phone and administered a questionnaire capturing demographic characteristics and barriers to attendance. Responses were recorded, and qualitative responses were coded into quantitative responses for analysis. Associations between reported barriers and demographic factors were evaluated using non-parametric tests in SPSS. During the study period, 747 patients missed a total of 902 appointments. A total of 333 patients participated in the survey. The most reported barriers were school or work conflicts (n = 86, 23.1%) and forgetting appointments (n = 75, 20.1%). Forgetting (p = 0.009), miscommunication (p = 0.029), and school/work conflict (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with age. Miscommunication (p = 0.001), late to appointment (p = 0.016), and school/work conflict were significantly associated with work hours. These findings highlight employment-related constraints, memory-related barriers, and language barriers as significant contributors to missed appointments and suggest that flexible scheduling and enhanced reminder systems may improve attendance and continuity of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Norms and Acculturation Influences on HIV Perceptions and Stigma: A Qualitative Study of Black Migrants from sub-Saharan Africa Living with HIV in Australia.","authors":"Collins Adu, Loren Brener, Timothy Broady, Carla Treloar","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02017-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02017-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black migrants from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) living in Australia experience HIV-related stigma and delayed diagnosis. Despite biomedical advances, HIV continues to be interpreted through cultural, moral, and spiritual discourses that influence perceptions and care-seeking behaviour. This study explores how cultural norms and acculturation experiences shape HIV perceptions and stigma among black migrants from SSA living with HIV in Australia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 black migrants from SSA living with HIV between July 2024 and February 2025. Data were analysed thematically, supported by iterative categorisation, and informed by three theoretical frameworks: acculturation theory, stigma, and modified social-ecological model. Three interconnected themes emerged: (1) HIV misconceptions and misinformation persisted, with fear-based education reinforcing stigma; (2) HIV perceptions were linked to cultural norms, with HIV regarded as a taboo topic, attributed to immoral behaviour or spiritual causes, and blamed disproportionately on women; and [3] acculturation and shifting of HIV perceptions among black migrants from SSA living with HIV involved tension between cultural stigma and systemic marginalisation within Australia's HIV response, including exclusion from campaigns focused on gay and bisexual men (GBM). The findings illustrate that HIV-related stigma among black migrants from SSA living with HIV is shaped by cultural beliefs that persist after migration and continue to be reinforced within the host society through structural inequalities. Cultural norms and acculturation dynamics profoundly influence HIV-related stigma, perceptions of HIV, and engagement with care among black migrants from SSA living with HIV in Australia. The findings underscore the need for culturally responsive, community-informed interventions that bridge cultural beliefs and biomedical understandings, build trust in the health system, and ensure equitable representation in Australia's HIV response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Psychological and Emotional Well-being of Autistic Individuals with an Immigrant Background: Exploring Strengths and Challenges Through a Mixed-methods Systematic Review.","authors":"Anastasia Kourti, Fotini Zikou, Vassiliki Costarelli, Despina Papoudi, Katerina Antonopoulou","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02019-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02019-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blind Spots in the Hospital: An Absence of CALD Data.","authors":"Ortis Estacio, Marlies Iserlohe, Meng Tuck Mok, Vijaya Joshi, Niall C Tebbutt, Umbreen Hafeez","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02014-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02014-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate collection of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) data is essential for equitable healthcare delivery in multicultural settings, yet uptake of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) recommended core indicators across health services remains inconsistent. We conducted a mixed-methods study at a tertiary cancer centre to assess the completeness of CALD data collection and to explore perspectives from both staff and CALD community members. Quantitative analysis involved an audit of outpatient electronic medical records from January to December 2023, alongside a review of institutional policies, while qualitative data were obtained through surveys and interviews with administrative staff and focus groups with Mandarin, Arabic, and Greek-speaking community members. Among 7,243 outpatients, only three of four ABS minimum core indicators and one of eight standard CALD indicators were routinely collected. Incomplete data (\"other\" responses) were more frequent among patients born in non-English-speaking countries (26% vs. 13%, p < 0.0001) and those whose preferred language was not English (32% vs. 15%, p < 0.0001). Policy review identified limited guidance on CALD classification, and staff reported minimal CALD specific training, unclear responsibilities, and time pressures as key barriers to accurate data collection. Community participants identified language and interpreter need as the most meaningful indicators for clinical care. Overall, CALD data collection was found to be inconsistent and incomplete, limiting the capacity of health services to deliver equitable care and undertake informed service planning. Training, clearer protocols, and inclusion of broader indicators (e.g. ethnicity, year of arrival) could strengthen the responsiveness of health services to diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural and Social Factors Influencing Orthopedic Health Care Experiences Among Haitian Patients in the Dominican Republic - An Exploratory Qualitive Study.","authors":"Richard Buckley, Marckendly Saint Juste, Elido Pérez","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02015-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02015-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the cultural, social, and economic factors influencing Haitian patients' decisions when seeking orthopedic care in the Dominican Republic, and to understand how these factors shape healthcare-seeking behavior and access to services. A single-center, cross-sectional qualitative survey was conducted at a tertiary trauma hospital in Santo Domingo between March and July 2025. Semi-structured interviews with both open and closed-ended questions were performed in Haitian Creole with the assistance of a translator. Adult Haitian patients attending outpatient consultations or scheduled for orthopedic surgery were included. Interviews were audio-recorded and reviewed repeatedly, and responses were organized descriptively into key domains. Fourteen patients participated. Most participants were working-age adults with low educational levels, and among those interviewed, migration was primarily attributed to economic and political instability rather than healthcare needs. Participants demonstrated a strong preference for formal medical care and generally reported positive perceptions of quality and equity in the healthcare services they received. However, important barriers were identified, including language limitations, financial constraints related to implants and medications, and cultural beliefs-particularly fear of amputation. Despite these challenges, trust in the healthcare system remained high. This study identified language barriers, financial constraints, and cultural beliefs as important factors influencing the orthopedic healthcare experiences of Haitian patients. Participants generally expressed positive attitudes toward orthopedic care and reported trust in the healthcare services they received in the Dominican Republic.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanded Medi-Cal Coverage and Persisting Access Barriers for Latino Immigrants in California.","authors":"Clara B Barajas, Maria-Elena Young, Arturo Vargas Bustamante, Imelda Padilla-Frausto, Sarina Rodriguez, Fabiola M Perez-Lua, Jim P Stimpson, Dylan H Roby, Ninez A Ponce, Alexander N Ortega","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02009-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02009-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In California, health and community-based organizations serve as vital intermediaries, helping Latino immigrants navigate Medi-Cal (the state's Medicaid program) enrollment and access to care. The 2024 Medi-Cal expansion extended eligibility to undocumented immigrants who meet income criteria. Despite this policy shift, persistent barriers to care remain at the individual, insurance system, and organizational levels. This study examines Latino immigrants' navigation of health insurance and access to care in California. As part of the MIRA Latino study, we interviewed leaders from 32 California health and community-based organizations between May 2024 to April 2025. Two researchers independently coded transcripts in Dedoose. Themes were organized using our Insurance Navigation and Healthcare Access Framework, developed from emergent themes and adapted from Andersen's Behavioral Model, examining predisposing and enabling factors at individual, organizational, and insurance system levels. The framework effectively organized themes despite substantial cross-level overlap. Key multilevel barriers included immigration status and institutional mistrust at the individual level; restrictive Medi-Cal income thresholds and complex application processes at the insurance system level, which generated burdens for both clients and staff; and caseworker delays and funding constraints at the insurance and organizational levels. Navigation support provided by organizations included education, application assistance and follow-up, appeals, and linkage to health services. Community organizations play a critical role in bridging gaps in government systems amid California's 2024 Medi-Cal expansion to income-eligible undocumented immigrants. However, limited and unstable funding constrains their capacity. Sustained state investment and stronger agency partnerships are essential to support outreach and ensure equitable access to care as health and immigration policies continue to evolve.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of Residence, Enabling Conditions, and Unmet Healthcare Needs Among Immigrants in South Korea: A Pooled Repeated Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Junghyeon Hyeon","doi":"10.1007/s10903-026-02018-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-026-02018-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immigrants often face barriers to healthcare access, but it remains unclear whether unmet healthcare needs are associated with duration of residence itself or with enabling and institutional conditions in South Korea. We conducted a pooled repeated cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative survey data from 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024 (N = 88,116). Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed according to the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. Reasons for unmet healthcare needs were categorized using the 3A framework. A sub-analysis among wage workers (n = 37,576) examined employment insurance and industrial accident insurance as indicators of employment-related social protection. In the base model, immigrants residing in Korea for 1-3 years had higher odds of unmet healthcare needs than those residing for ≥ 10 years (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.26-1.56). After adjustment, the association was substantially attenuated. Acceptability-related barriers were most common among recent immigrants (< 3 years; 63.2%), whereas accessibility-related barriers predominated among long-term residents (≥ 10 years; 54.4%). Among wage workers, lack of industrial accident insurance was associated with higher odds of unmet healthcare needs, whereas employment insurance was not. Duration-related differences in unmet healthcare needs were substantially attenuated after adjustment for measured enabling conditions, although a modest association with duration remained. These findings support attention to visa-, employment-, financial-, and language-related barriers to care and to labour-related protections for immigrants.</p>","PeriodicalId":15958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}