{"title":"Enhancement of ionic conductivity and air stability by co-doping Li10SnP2S12 with Nb and O","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Li<sub>10</sub>SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub> represents a quintessential sulfide solid-state electrolyte that has garnered considerable interest within the domain of solid-state batteries. However, it still has much room for enhancing its ionic conductivity and air stability. In this paper, Li<sub>10</sub>SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub> was modified by solid-phase sintering method using different doping amounts of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. XRD refinement confirmed that Nb and O elements were successfully doped into the P and S sites, in which the ionic conductivity of Li<sub>10</sub>SnP<sub>1.96</sub>Nb<sub>0.04</sub>S<sub>11.9</sub>O<sub>0.1</sub> was up to 2.93 mS cm<sup>−1</sup> at room temperature. After Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> doping, the lattice volume expands due to the larger ionic radius of Nb<sup>5+</sup> compared to P<sup>5+</sup>. This expansion broadens the channels through which lithium ions travel, thereby enhancing Li<sup>+</sup> conductivity. O doping improves the stability of the sulfide against moisture and forms a strong P<img>O bond with P, which resists further oxidation. The air stability test demonstrated enhanced air stability of the doped electrolyte. The AC impedance test conducted at various temperatures confirmed that the doped electrolyte exhibits lower activation energy, which facilitates an enhancement in Li<sup>+</sup> conductivity. Finally, the assembled Li-In/Li<sub>10</sub>SnP<sub>1.96</sub>Nb<sub>0.04</sub>S<sub>11.9</sub>O<sub>0.1</sub>/LNO@LCO battery exhibits higher first turn discharge specific capacity and good cycle stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel kapok fiber aerogel based phase change materials with high thermal conductivity and efficient energy storage for photovoltaic thermal management","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the evolving energy crisis and environmental changes, solar photovoltaic systems are progressively emerging as common substitutes to fossil fuels. However, the substantial heat accumulation on the surface of photovoltaic panels significantly impacts their photoelectric performance. Consequently, effective thermal management solutions are essential to address these key issues. In this study, a novel composite phase change material (TD@CKF-PVA) was designed. It utilizes a three-dimensional network structure constructed from cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and kapok fiber (KF) as the scaffold, and 1-tetradecanol (TD) as the phase change material. This composite material exhibits excellent thermal conductivity of 0.93 W/mK and efficient thermal energy storage capacity of 204 J/g. The coating of carbon nanotubes on KF provides additional thermal pathways, significantly enhancing the thermal conductivity of the phase change composite material. TD@CKF-PVA phase change materials also demonstrate outstanding thermal management capabilities in both time and space dimensions, effectively reducing the heat accumulation on solar photovoltaic panels and improving their output power and photoelectric efficiency. This work not only showcases the great potential of TD@CKF-PVA for thermal energy management but also provides an efficient approach to dissipating heat from PV panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tailoring ion-accessible pores of robust nitrogen heteroatomic carbon nanoparticles for high-capacity and long-life Zn-ion storage","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing highly endogenous zincophilic sites and ion-accessible pore architectures is crucial but remains a formidable challenge for carbon cathodes in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZHCs) with superior capacity activity and ultralong cycling life. Herein, nitrogen heteroatomic carbon nanoparticles with hierarchical porous architectures were tailor-made by a well-established and efficient Schiff base reaction. The nucleophilic addition of amine modules and reactive carbonyl groups forms ordered organic nanoparticles with the specific internal ring pore size (1.27 nm) and high-level N heteroatomic doping. The tailored internal ring pore size, the robust macroporous networks formed by aggregated and interwoven nanoparticles and controlled carbonization/activation processes collaborate to obtain hierarchical porous architectures, robust carbon skeletons and high specific surface area (SSA) (2504 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>). Most notably, the pore architectures of NHPCs-700 (∼1.2 nm) can perfectly match the solvated ion diameter of Zn<sup>2+</sup> (0.86 nm) and CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (1.16 nm), realizing highly accessibility of zincophilic sites and fast diffusion behaviors. Additionally, <em>ex-situ</em> characterization and DFT calculation reveal the following energy storage mechanism: the ultrahigh zinc-ion capturing ability of pyridine N motifs, and fast diffusion behaviors alternately physical uptake of Zn<sup>2+</sup>/CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> charge carriers. The highly endogenous zincophilic sites, ion-accessible pore architectures and dual ion storage mechanism ensure exceptional specific capacity (253 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.2 A g<sup>−1</sup>), outstanding energy density (157.8 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at 125.3 W kg<sup>−1</sup>), and ultralong cycling life (200, 000 cycles at 10 A g<sup>−1</sup>). This work provides a strategic fabrication method for the advanced carbon cathodes with highly endogenous zincophilic site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing the electrochemical performance of free-standing electrodes using multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with PVP/SDBS mixed dispersant","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for lithium-ion batteries with high energy density has been gradually increasing. Free-standing electrodes without current collectors and binders are a promising approach for enhancing energy density. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are suitable materials for free-standing electrodes due to their outstanding electrical conductivity and robust mechanical properties. However, pristine MWCNTs exhibit severe agglomeration, making surface functionalization essential for enhancing their dispersibility. Herein, two functionalization methods for improving the dispersibility of MWCNT, namely non-covalent using dispersants and covalent functionalization using acidic solutions, are reported. The mixed dispersant of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) exhibits superior dispersibility compared to the use of individual dispersants, which is due to the synergistic between the non-ionic polymer PVP and the anionic surfactant SDBS. Furthermore, in comparison to acid-treated CNTs, this approach not only preserves the intrinsic structure of CNTs but also sustains exceptional dispersibility. In this study, LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (LMO) is selected as the active material, and two types of electrodes are fabricated via vacuum filtration using CNTs functionalized with PVP/SDBS (PSLMO) and CNTs functionalized with acidic solutions (HNO<sub>3</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) (OLMO). PSLMO achieves a superior specific capacity of 103.5 mAhg<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5C after 150 cycles, compared to OLMO, which exhibits a specific capacity of 87.6 mAg<sup>−1</sup>. Furthermore, PSLMO maintains an outstanding capacity retention of 95.5 % at 0.5C after 150 cycles. This study offers an effective method for the functionalization of CNTs used in the vacuum filtration method, providing an efficient approach to enhancing energy density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of the mechanical response and modeling of prismatic lithium-ion batteries upon abusive loading","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integrity and safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under mechanical stress are paramount for ensuring the reliability of electric vehicles. Particularly, extrusion deformation poses a significant risk as a primary contributor to the failure of LIBs. This research comprehensively examines the dynamic responses of prismatic LIBs (PLIBs) under varying conditions, including different orientations, states of charge (SOC), and states of health (SOH). We employed quasi-static compression and indentation tests to explore these aspects. Subsequently, we developed a sophisticated homogenized finite element model that encapsulates anisotropy, SOC, and SOH, grounded in empirical data. Upon rigorous validation, this model was utilized to dissect the dynamic mechanical behavior of LIBs under complex loading scenarios. In previous research, finite element models have primarily focused on examining the mechanical responses of lithium-ion batteries under the influence of SOC and strain rate, with particular emphasis on cylindrical and pouch cell types, while prismatic cells have received comparatively less attention. Moreover, our model incorporates the effects of both SOC and SOH in a more streamlined manner, without the need for complex electrochemical modeling, while maintaining simulation accuracy within acceptable error margins. Our findings reveal that both SOC and SOH markedly affect the load capacity of PLIBs, exhibiting a positive correlation with this capacity. Results are instrumental in delineating the deformation response characteristics of PLIBs under mechanical loading, offering valuable insights for the safety design of square PLIBs in practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of corrosion and electrical resistance in laser welded Al-Cu joints for EV batteries","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the correlation among the microstructure, electrochemical, and electrical properties of laser-welded Al<img>Cu joints used in battery applications. Aluminium and copper thin sheets were laser welded at three power inputs (2000 W, 2100 W, and 2200 W), and joints were evaluated for their macro- and microstructural features, corrosion behaviour, electrical resistance, and temperature rise during current supply. Results indicated that higher power inputs led to deeper weld penetration and increased intermetallic formation, impacting corrosion resistance and electrical characteristics. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), immersion, and Tafel tests confirmed that joints welded at 2200 W exhibited superior corrosion resistance than others, and this was attributed to a uniformly mixed Al<img>Cu region. The electric characteristics of the joints were assessed by supplying electric currents of 100 A, 150 A, and 200 A. In comparison to a weld joint developed at 2000 W, the electrical resistance of weld joints developed at 2200 W increased by 44.5 %, 37.87 %, and 39.31 % at 100 A, 150 A, and 200 A current supplies, respectively. Electrical resistance measurements revealed a direct correlation with weld quality and temperature rise, with implications on battery performance. These findings underscore the critical role of joint quality in optimizing battery performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrodeposition on laser induced graphene dual conductive substrate as a free-standing electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, combing laser-induced graphene (LIG) obtained by laser scribing on polyethersulfone (PES) films with carbon cloth (CC) forming novel dual conductive networks can cause the well-designed electrode materials possessing strong electric conductivity in favor of electron transferring. The free-standing NiCo/L-CC@PES-IG or Fe/L-CC@PES-IG have been prepared through laser scribing and electrodeposition processes at mild conditions. Fe/L-CC@PES-IG exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 1544 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> at a current density of 1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, which matches well with NiCo/L-CC@PES-IG (1840 mF cm<sup>−2</sup>). It is worth mentioning that the capacitance retention of NiCo/L-CC@PES-IG can reach 80 % at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, ca. 16 times that of NiCo/L-CC-IG (only 5 %) just adding small amount PES, which indicate that the dual conductive network synergistic effect of the external conductive graphene and the internal CC. The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device is constructed using NiCo/L-CC@PES-IG as a positive electrode and Fe/L-CC@PES-IG as a negative electrode, which delivers a high areal energy density of 381 μWh cm<sup>−2</sup> at the areal power density of 825.8 μW cm<sup>−2</sup>. This work provides a unique insight into the design of hybrid supercapacitor assembled with matching positive and negative electrodes, which will achieve the desired superhigh performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving energy storage ability of nickel and cobalt hydroxides coupled with reduced graphene oxide via incorporating novel structure-directing agents for supercapacitors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zeolitic imidazolate framework 67 (ZIF67) derivatives are regarded as potential active materials for energy storage, owing to the possible enhancement on electrical conductivity and maintenance of high surface area and tunable pore structure. However, current improvements on electrical and physical properties of ZIF67 derivatives are still insufficient to achieve excellent energy storage abilities. In this study, new types of carbon material and structure-directing agents (SDA) are incorporated into the synthesis of ZIF67 derivatives to enhance electrical conductivity and modulate morphology. Commercial reduced graphene oxide (rGO), NH<sub>4</sub>BF<sub>4</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>HF<sub>2</sub> are applied as the carbon material and SDAs, respectively. With the optimal rGO ratio, the rGO/ZIF67 derivative electrode exhibits a higher specific capacitance (C<sub>F</sub>) of 1304.7 F/g (913.0 C/g) at 20 mV/s, while the ZIF67 derivative electrode without rGO shows a C<sub>F</sub> value of 786.9 F/g (550.8 C/g). The supercapacitor composed of the optimal rGO/ZIF67 derivative and rGO electrodes presents a maximum energy density of 30.2 Wh/kg at 350 W/kg. The Coulombic efficiency of 93.0% and C<sub>F</sub> retention of 86.5% are achieved for the device after 10,000 cycles. The novel carbon material and SDAs are expected to be applicable in more electrochemical systems to achieve better energy storage ability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of an immersion cooling 46.5 kW/46.5 kWh battery module using flow resistance network shortcut method","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immersion cooling technology the most important thermal management technology. Flow organization is the crucial strategy to improve the temperature uniformity. The flow resistance network shortcut method, which is efficient for the design of fluid flow, is also a potentially appropriate method for immersion cooling optimization. This study proved its applicability in a 46.5 kW/46.5 kWh battery module thermal management design. The flow resistance network can solve the velocity field in seconds, and the maximum relative error of the solution is only 6 %. Results show that, root mean square error (RMSE) of the flow rate between the mini-channels, which indicates the flow non-uniformity, are respectively 0.11 and 0.30 for <em>Z</em>-flow and U-flow at a volume flow rate of 32 L/min. To improve the uniformity, the randomized controlled trial (RCT) is introduced in the design of a uniform distribution of flow structures by the battery topology arrangement. The lowest RMSE of the <em>Z</em>-flow and U-flow reduces to 0.04 and 0.068, respectively. Then, we establish the optimized structure design and import it into Ansys Fluent. The temperature uniformity for Z-type flow and U-type flow is improved by 16.45 % and 56.16 %, respectively. The abovementioned method provides an efficient optimization for large-scale Battery thermal management system (BTMS) flow structure design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexible and free-standing MXene decorated biomass-derived carbon cloth membrane anodes for superior lithium-ion capacitors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional transition metal materials, MXenes, have attracted tremendous attention in energy storage applications due to their layered structure, good electrical conductivity, and abundant functional groups. In this work, Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene nanosheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were uniformly sprayed and successfully loaded on the cotton nonwoven fabric-derived carbon cloth (CC) substrate by electrostatic self-assembly. The as-prepared flexible MXene-CNTs-CC membrane electrodes with enlarged interlayer spacing and high conductivity fabric support exhibited excellent electrochemical performance. In terms of lithium-ion batteries, the optimized MXene-CNTs-CC anode delivered an ultrahigh initial discharge capacity of 2277.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup> along with notable cyclability (1149.8 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles) and rate capability (544.1 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 200 cycles at 2 A g<sup>−1</sup>) in half cells. The full cells assembled with LiCoO<sub>2</sub> cathode also displayed good cycling stability with a high reversible discharge capacity of 833.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Remarkably, the further constructed lithium-ion capacitors with the designed porous carbon nanofiber cathode could maintain energy densities of 121.5 to 20.8 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> with the corresponding power densities of 125 to 12,500 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, and achieved capacitance retention of 76.3 % after 10,000 cycles at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, demonstrating excellent long-term cycle durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}