Jiapeng Lu , Xin Min , WenLong Yan , Yu Tang , Yangai Liu , Ruiyu Mi , Wei Wang , Zhaohui Huang , Minghao Fang
{"title":"Advances in synthesis and optimization of single-crystal Ni-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Jiapeng Lu , Xin Min , WenLong Yan , Yu Tang , Yangai Liu , Ruiyu Mi , Wei Wang , Zhaohui Huang , Minghao Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion batteries, owing to their superior discharge capacity and relatively reasonable cycle life characteristics, have become the predominant energy storage solution in the field of electric vehicles. Single-crystal nickel-rich cathode materials (SC-NCM) are driving the development of lithium-ion battery technology due to their superior cycle stability and energy density. This review systematically examines the recent research progress of SC-NCM for lithium-ion batteries. We particularly emphasize the enhanced structural integrity, superior electrochemical performance, and reduced side reactions of single-crystal cathode materials (SC) compared to polycrystalline cathode material (PC). Subsequently, we studied various synthesis methods, including coprecipitation, hydrothermal, sol-gel, and other precursor synthesis methods, as well as high-temperature solid-state reactions and the molten salt method. We further discussed the effects of these synthesis methods on the grain morphology and electrochemical properties. Besides, we present the latest advances in optimization strategies and structural design to improve electrochemical performance. At last, we discuss the challenges of diffusion dynamics and cycle stability of lithium-ion batteries under high temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a strategic overview and target guidance for developing high energy density and long lifespan lithium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117221"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in numerical modeling and experimental insights for hydrogen storage systems: A comprehensive and critical review","authors":"Ayoub Aitakka Nalla , Mourad Nachtane , Xiaobin Gu , Mustapha El Alami , Ayoub Gounni","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen storage plays a pivotal role in enabling the transition to low-carbon energy systems, supporting renewable integration, transportation, and industrial decarbonization. While numerous studies have examined specific storage technologies, a comprehensive and structured synthesis across numerical and experimental approaches remains lacking. This review systematically categorizes and analyzes over 90 recent contributions, covering gaseous (30 MPa to 70 MPa), liquid (cryogenic at −253 °C), and solid (e.g., LaNi<sub>5</sub>, Mg-based alloys) panning gaseous, liquid, and solid hydrogen storage. Emphasis is placed on advanced modeling methods such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), finite element analysis (FEA), and artificial intelligence (AI) as well as experimental strategies employed to validate and optimize these technologies. The review highlights key parameters influencing storage performance, including thermal management, material behavior, structural integrity, and system integration. It also outlines the growing role of AI in predictive maintenance and real-time optimization through digital twin frameworks. By critically comparing modeling tools and experimental findings, this paper identifies existing research gaps and proposes integrated, multi-scale approaches for future hydrogen storage development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117206"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jue Wang , Lan Jiang , Wenxing Luo , Wenjing Chen , Xiaowu Hu
{"title":"Thermally conductive and shape-stable PEG/Cu@rGO-CMF composite phase change material via 3D porous skeleton for solar-thermal energy storage and electronics cooling","authors":"Jue Wang , Lan Jiang , Wenxing Luo , Wenjing Chen , Xiaowu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change materials (PCMs), possessing exceptional thermal storage properties and exhibiting stable phase change temperatures, hold considerable promise for the sustainable thermal regulation for electronic equipment. However, conventional PCM is associated with inherent drawbacks such as the risk of fluid leakage, limited formability and low thermal conductivity. These limitations have significantly impeded its further technological advancements and widespread applicability. Herein, this paper presents a straightforward and efficient approach for fabricating composite phase change material (CPCM) with shape stability and enhanced thermal conductivity. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)/Cu@rGO-CMF was fabricated via a one-step high-temperature reduction method combined with vacuum impregnation, utilizing carbonized melamine foam (CMF) as the porous carrier and Cu particles with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the modified materials. Experimental findings reveal that the three-dimensional high-density thermally conductive network constructed by Cu@rGO-CMF remarkably improves the thermal conductivity of CPCM with a 87.5 % enhancement. The porous carrier achieves efficient encapsulation of PEG (loading ratio > 97.8 %) through physical interactions such as capillary action and hydrogen bonding, and confers excellent shape stability and thermal storage properties (149.8–153.2 J/g) to CPCM. In addition, the CPCM exhibits superior cyclic thermal stability, photothermal conversion efficiency (80.3 %–85.8 %) and thermal management capabilities, thereby offering a concise and effective solution for photovoltaic energy conservation and heat dissipation control in advanced electronics systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117242"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lan-Xin Liang , Jia-Chen Li , Ju-Wen Su , Wei-Wei Yang , Qian Xu , Zhi-Guo Qu
{"title":"ZIF-modified tailored multiscale-pore N-doped graphite felt for high performance vanadium redox flow batteries","authors":"Lan-Xin Liang , Jia-Chen Li , Ju-Wen Su , Wei-Wei Yang , Qian Xu , Zhi-Guo Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving both high electrochemical activity and local mass transport ability in porous electrode is critical to improve the performance of vanadium redox flow battery. In this work, a nitrogen-doped hierarchical multi-porous graphite felt electrode with optimal tunable pore size distribution is prepared by attachment of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 and subsequent annealing on graphite felt. The constructed macro/meso-scale pores in this tailored multi-porous structure facilitates the diffusion of active species from bulk solution to the electrode-electrolyte interface, increasing the accessibility of active sites. Meanwhile, numerous micropores containing functional groups and defects on nanoscale surface can boost the number of effective active sites and catalytic activity, thus enhancing the reaction kinetics. The tests exhibit that the rationally designed electrode realizes outstanding battery performance at high current densities. It achieves an energy efficiency of 83.7 % at 300 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and 79.4 % at 400 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, and a peak power density of 1215.8 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>. Nevertheless, it even enables the battery operation at 500 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> with a considerable energy efficiency of 74.8 %. Remarkably, its long-term stability was also proved by stably cycling over 1000 cycles at 300 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> with a low energy efficiency decay rate of 0.00667 % per cycle. This work provides a feasible method for electrode design to meet future vanadium redox flow battery requirements for high power and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117252"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeon Seo Park , Anith Dzhanxinah Mohd Sarofil , Winda Devina , Dongho Nam , Jaehoon Kim
{"title":"Core–shell Sn@SnOx microparticles for stable Li-ion batteries","authors":"Hyeon Seo Park , Anith Dzhanxinah Mohd Sarofil , Winda Devina , Dongho Nam , Jaehoon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metallic tin is a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its suitable operating voltage and high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, the huge volume expansion and stress developed during Sn alloying reactions lead to rapid capacity fading and cell failure. Herein, we report the synthesis of Sn@SnO<sub><em>x</em></sub> core–shell microparticles having an average diameter of 10 μm. The particles were synthesized via NaBH<sub>4</sub> reduction and subsequent high-energy ball milling, yielding an anode material with highly stable cycling performance in LIBs. During the early stages of lithiation, Li<sub><em>x</em></sub>SnO<sub>y</sub> and Li<sub>2</sub>O phases formed on the surface of the Sn<sup>0</sup> core via a conversion reaction and mitigated the strain generated by the lithium-alloying reaction in the core. The Sn@SnO<sub><em>x</em></sub> composite with an optimal Sn:SnO<sub><em>x</em></sub> ratio achieved a high reversible discharge capacity (810 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles at 100 mA g<sup>−1</sup>), high-rate performance (750 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>), and good structural integrity. Further, when Sn@SnO<sub><em>x</em></sub> was paired with an NCM622 cathode, the full cell achieved a high gravimetric energy density of 575 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>. Owing to its simple preparation and excellent cell performance, the design basis of the Sn@SnO<sub><em>x</em></sub> microparticles suggest its suitability for use with other bulk anode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117187"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed El-Ghandour, Nabil A.S. Elminshawy, Mohamed S. Soliman
{"title":"Performance of a solar still combined with external energy storage and Fresnel lens concentrator","authors":"Mohamed El-Ghandour, Nabil A.S. Elminshawy, Mohamed S. Soliman","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar stills are low-cost, simple devices that can deliver clean water to rural communities, yet are limited in clean water productivity and thermal efficiency. Therefore, the current study comprehensively assesses the effectiveness of a solar still (MSS) featuring a novel layout with a separate and external storage system (SESS). The SESS includes a Fresnel lens (FRL), a solar thermal water collector (STWC), a storage tank, a liquid reservoir containing various salt concentrations, and a circulating pump system. In this context, sunlight is focused by the FRL towards a focal point that remains consistently positioned on the STWC. The SESS stores solar energy in the storage tank during the daytime and subsequently delivers it to the solar still at night to enhance output. The results indicate that the receiver's position is critical for heating, with the optimal focal distance being 50 cm. The stored heat amounts and maximum temperature changes were 2.20 MJ and 58.80 °C, 2.10 MJ and 52.70 °C, and 1.70 MJ and 49.50 °C for storage tank salinities of 55,000 ppm, 35,000 ppm, and 500 ppm, respectively. The accumulated water production at a 50 cm focal distance was 4.11, 3.70, and 3.49 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for the storage tank water salinities of 55,000 ppm, 35,000 ppm, and 500 ppm, respectively. The best case of MSS achieved a total yield of 4.11 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and an average energy efficiency of 25.87 %. MSS-generated water costs $0.0119/L and has a payback time of 3.93 months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117222"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep reinforcement learning-based control of wind energy conversion system integrated with superconducting magnetic energy storage","authors":"Neelam Mughees , Abdullah Mughees , Anam Mughees","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional controllers, such as model predictive control, struggle to handle the highly dynamic and nonlinear nature of wind energy conversion systems effectively. They lack the flexibility and adaptability required to respond to fast-changing conditions in real time. Furthermore, when energy storage systems such as Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) are incorporated to smooth out power fluctuations, conventional control methods may not fully exploit the potential of such advanced storage technologies. This creates a pressing need for innovative, robust, and adaptive control strategies that can address the complexities of renewable energy systems while maintaining system stability and optimizing performance under variable conditions, as proposed in this research work. This research presents an advanced deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based control framework for managing WECS integrated SMES to enhance power system stability under varying wind conditions. The study evaluates the performance of the proposed Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3 DRL)-based controller against traditional controllers. Extensive simulations under scenarios such as wind gusts and step changes in wind speed reveal that the TD3 DRL controller significantly outperforms predictive control in minimizing errors in critical parameters such as grid power, point-of-common-coupling voltage, and DC-link voltage). Moreover, the incorporation of SMES further improves dynamic response and energy quality by effectively mitigating fluctuations. These results highlight the superior adaptability, precision, and robustness of the TD3 DRL-based control strategy, making it a viable solution for enhancing the reliability of renewable energy systems in modern power grids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117228"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuchun Zhang , Zhengyuan Yang , Zijian Lei , Ao Sun , Zhongyi Xiang , Yunji Gao , Sinian Gu , Lu He , Haowen Tao
{"title":"Comparative investigations on fire behaviors induced by the thermal runaway of large-format batteries in open space and confined tunnel","authors":"Yuchun Zhang , Zhengyuan Yang , Zijian Lei , Ao Sun , Zhongyi Xiang , Yunji Gao , Sinian Gu , Lu He , Haowen Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most previous work mainly focused on the fire behaviors induced by thermal runaway of small format lithium-ion batteries in open space, but very few studies presented the comparison of fire behaviors for large format batteries in open space and confined tunnel. A series of experiments were conducted using large-format lithium iron phosphate batteries with different capacities (50 Ah, 72 Ah, 86 Ah) in open space and confined tunnel. The fire behaviors of large format batteries under different space forms are compared and the temperature distribution in the confined tunnel for different stages of battery fires is analyzed. Whether for open space or confined tunnel, the fire behavior induced by thermal runaway of large-format lithium iron phosphate batteries exhibits four typical stages with external manifestations of the changes in flame shape, mass, flame length and surface temperature, but the detonation is observed after ignition in stage ② for confined tunnel. The mass loss rate, heat release rate, flame length, surface temperature and flame temperature for open space are larger than the corresponding values for confined tunnel, and these parameters in stage ② are greater than that in stage ③ due to the different fire plume mechanisms. However, the durations of stages ②–④ for open space are significantly shorter compared to those for confined tunnel. Moreover, a simplified model of radiative heat flux is established by the flame morphology. The radiative heat flux is weakened in the confined tunnel, and it is larger in stage ② than that in stage ③. Besides, the modified models for the maximum and longitudinal ceiling temperature are proposed for stages ②–③ for large-format lithium iron phosphate battery fires in the confined tunnel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117175"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Total quality management and hydrogen finance: Strengthening organizational legitimacy through procurement and innovation","authors":"Yan Wang , Junyi Zhao , Lou Jeibo , Chiu Yungho","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.116901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.116901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how hydrogen procurement and innovation, when embedded within Total Quality Management (TQM) frameworks, influence financial performance, organizational legitimacy, and access to hydrogen finance in Ghana’s nascent energy storage sector. In the context of limited financial infrastructure and regulatory fragility, the research aims to determine whether TQM acts as a critical mediating mechanism linking operational practices with sustainable financial outcomes. Drawing on survey data from 244 manufacturing firms collected between 2022 and 2023, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) is employed to evaluate the direct and indirect effects among procurement strategies, innovation practices, quality management systems, legitimacy perceptions, and financial accessibility. The findings reveal that hydrogen procurement strongly drives improvements in TQM (β = 0.41, p < 0.001) and organizational legitimacy (β = 0.38, p = 0.01), yet shows no direct impact on hydrogen finance access (β = 0.12, p = 0.08). In contrast, both product and process innovation exert significant positive effects on legitimacy and TQM adoption (β > 0.40, p < 0.001). Crucially, TQM mediates the relationship between operational inputs and financial performance (β = 0.35, p < 0.01), reinforcing its role in strengthening investor confidence and institutional transparency. These findings highlight the strategic value of institutionalizing TQM in energy storage ecosystems, suggesting that embedding quality certification and outcome-based evaluations into hydrogen finance frameworks can enhance financial inclusivity, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. The study advocates for policy integration of TQM standards into green bond eligibility and sustainability-linked financing to bolster long-term industrial resilience and clean energy adoption</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 116901"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiang Li, Hongchuan Jiang, Zhaoxing Su, Cai Liang, Daoyin Liu, Lunbo Duan, Huichao Chen, Xiaoping Chen
{"title":"Numerical investigation of particle wear and breakage effects on heat transfer mechanisms and conversion efficiency in energy storage fluidized beds","authors":"Xiang Li, Hongchuan Jiang, Zhaoxing Su, Cai Liang, Daoyin Liu, Lunbo Duan, Huichao Chen, Xiaoping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluidized bed reactors are renowned for their excellent mixing and rapid heat transfer capabilities, making them widely used in thermochemical energy storage (TCES) systems. However, particle attrition can significantly affect heat transfer dynamics and system stability, especially under high-temperature reactive conditions. In this study, the spatiotemporal evolution of wear and breakage in a CaCO₃/CaO-based energy storage bed is simulated under a CFD-DEM framework, and their quantitative impacts on heat transfer and energy performance are analyzed. Results indicate that attrition are mainly concentrated in the middle and upper regions of the bed, with breakage primarily occurring in the core region—46.67 % of the total breakage occurs within the first 5 s. In contrast, wear mainly develops near the wall region, peaking at 28.68 % during the 15–20 s interval. Attrition increases radiative heat transfer by 10 % and nearly doubles conductive heat transfer, while also introducing a bimodal distribution in heating rate due to particle size variation. Although the average conversion rate and heat release efficiency are significantly enhanced, the reduction in bed porosity and particle kinetic energy negatively impacts bed fluidity and stability. This work provides new insights into the coupling between particle attrition and thermal behavior in reactive fluidized beds, offering guidance for optimizing particle design and reactor operation in TCES applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 117208"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}