Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial resistance and CYP2C19 genotypes in a paediatric cohort with initial eradication failure: A study from Henan, China (2019–2024)","authors":"Fumin Xue ,&nbsp;Jiangshan Hou ,&nbsp;Chao An ,&nbsp;Jing Yu ,&nbsp;Fang Zhou ,&nbsp;Bo Sun ,&nbsp;Cong Ding ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.10.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.10.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the antibiotic resistance profile of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) strains and the CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms in initial eradication failure children from Henan, China (2019–2024).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study included 207 children diagnosed with <em>H. pylori</em> infection by gastric mucosal histopathology. Participants were categorized by endoscopic findings: normal mucosa (NM), gastritis (GA), or peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for amoxicillin (AML), furazolidone (FZD), metronidazole (MTZ), clarithromycin (CLA), tetracycline (TET), and levofloxacin (LEV). CYP2C19 genotyping was conducted via PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The annual number of cases increased from 13 in 2019 to 75 in 2024. Abdominal pain (89.4%) and loss of appetite (74.9%) were the most common symptoms. Endoscopic findings were primarily GA (57.0%). Resistance to FZD and TET was undetected (0%), and AML resistance was low (1.45%). High resistance rates were observed for MTZ (75.85%), CLA (75.36%), and LEV (22.22%). Dual MTZ+CLA resistance reached 61.35%, with the highest rate (18.1%) among 13-y-olds. Triple resistance (MTZ+CLA+LEV) was 16.43%. Both single and multidrug resistance increased significantly over time (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). CYP2C19 genotyping revealed extensive metabolizers (EM, *1/*1) in 48.33%, intermediate metabolizers (IM, *1/*2+*1/*3) in 45.00%, and poor metabolizers (PM, *2/*2+*2/*3) in 6.67%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The high resistance rates to MTZ and CLA, coupled with the CYP2C19 EM phenotype, may contribute to the failure of initial empirical <em>H. pylori</em> eradication in children from Henan, China. Therefore, for retreatment, it is recommended to tailor an individualized regimen based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing and CYP2C19 genotyping results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 6-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145470981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of educational seminar and customized prescription order sets on antibiotic appropriateness for urinary tract infections in primary care","authors":"Eunice Rui Ning Wong ,&nbsp;Nicole Tham ,&nbsp;Si Hui Low ,&nbsp;Jun Cong Goh ,&nbsp;Haresh Singaraju ,&nbsp;Sky Wei Chee Koh","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Despite recent developments in national urinary tract infection (UTI) guidelines, primary care physicians have shown limited uptake. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two antimicrobial stewardship interventions in improving antibiotic appropriateness for UTIs in primary care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quasi-experimental study was conducted from March to December 2024 across seven public primary care clinics in Singapore. The study evaluated two interventions: (1) an educational seminar conducted for all clinics, and (2) Epic preference list customization of prescription order sets in one intervention clinic. Segmented regression analysis was used to assess overall changes in antibiotic appropriateness after educational seminar, while difference-in-differences analysis evaluated the specific impacts of preference list customization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>2874 female patients with uncomplicated UTIs (median 59 years) were seen by 301 primary care physicians, with a mean 11.8 years (SD = 9.5) of clinical experience. Educational seminar led to a significant increase in appropriateness rates (66.2% vs. 61.3%, <em>P</em> = 0.036) and reduction in wrong antibiotic selection (10.6% to 7.3%, <em>P</em> = 0.018) across all clinics. Epic preference list customization demonstrated significantly higher appropriateness rates (85.9% vs. 65.5%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and lower rates of inappropriate antibiotic frequency (9.8% vs. 18.0%, <em>P</em> = 0.01) and duration (0% vs. 9.7%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) in the intervention clinic. There were no significant continued improvement in antibiotic appropriateness demonstrated after the educational seminar or preference list customization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While preference list customization may be beneficial for maintaining antibiotic appropriateness, multifaceted approaches tailored to site-specific needs are necessary for continued improvements in antibiotic stewardship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 75-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145540815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel plasmid-mediated PAC ß-lactamase (PAC-2) variant confers resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam in Klebsiella quasipneumoniae ST526 in Colombia","authors":"Sandra Yamile Saavedra ,&nbsp;Efrain Montilla-Escudero ,&nbsp;María Victoria Ovalle ,&nbsp;Jeisson Alejandro Triana ,&nbsp;Yeison Stid Torres ,&nbsp;Nathalia Vargas-Flórez ,&nbsp;María Alejandra Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Andrés Felipe Barrera ,&nbsp;Diego Armando García ,&nbsp;Héctor Amaya ,&nbsp;Carolina Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 46-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of a carbapenem-resistant Raoultella ornithinolytica clinical isolate carrying blaOXA-181 from China","authors":"Zhiqiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhaokun Fan ,&nbsp;Ying Fu ,&nbsp;Xi Li ,&nbsp;Meizhen Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Raoultella ornithinolytica</em>, a species within <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em>, is rarely multidrug-resistant. Here, we report a carbapenem-resistant <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> carrying <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 and elucidate its genomic characteristics for the first time in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and hybrid whole-genome sequencing were conducted on the <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain CRRAO31010. Comprehensive in silico analyses of virulence determinants, resistance genes, and their genetic contexts were performed. Conjugation experiments were conducted with <em>Escherichia coli</em> J53 as the recipient to assess the transferability of <em>bla</em>_OXA-181. In addition, we combined our isolate with 56 <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strains bearing the <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 gene retrieved from the NCBI database for phylogenetic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain CRRAO31010 is a carbapenem-resistant strain characterized by its production of the OXA-181 enzyme, which confers resistance to multiple antibiotics. WGS revealed 22 antimicrobial resistance genes in CRRAO31010, including <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 carried on a ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid. This plasmid was conjugated into <em>E. coli</em> J53 with a conjugation frequency of approximately 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ per donor cell. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the earliest <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain carrying the <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 gene was detected in the United Kingdom in 2019. The United States had the highest number of OXA-181-carrying <em>R. ornithinolytica strains</em>. Notably, IncX3-type plasmids had the highest prevalence (96.49%, 55/57) among these isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We report the first carbapenem-resistant <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain harbouring the <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 gene on a ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid from China. Given the high conjugative potential of IncX3 plasmids, vigilance is required to monitor the dissemination of such resistance determinants within <em>R. ornithinolytica</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 128-131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of clinical isolates of tigecycline-resistant Escherichia coli harbouring tet(X4) in Myanmar","authors":"Maiko Kirikae ,&nbsp;Satomi Takei ,&nbsp;Thi Thi Htoon ,&nbsp;Pan Ei Soe ,&nbsp;Nang Sarm Hom ,&nbsp;San Yu Maw ,&nbsp;May Yee Aung ,&nbsp;Shino Hosoya ,&nbsp;Swe Setk ,&nbsp;Htay Htay Tin ,&nbsp;Yuki Uehara ,&nbsp;Teruo Kirikae ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Tada","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tigecycline is one of the last-resort antibiotics for treating serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. This is the first report of clinical isolates of tigecycline-resistant <em>Escherichia coli</em> harbouring <em>tet</em>(X4) in Myanmar.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two <em>E. coli</em> isolates were obtained from two patients at two hospitals in Myanmar from November 2023 to May 2024. They were identified using MALDI-TOF MS, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the broth microdilution method. Genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced using next generation sequencing. Drug resistance factors were determined, and the genetic environments surrounding <em>tet</em>(X4) and <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 were analysed. Conjugation rates of plasmids harbouring <em>tet</em>(X4) and <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One strain, TGH62, was resistant to tigecycline (MIC 8 µg/mL) and meropenem (MIC 128 µg/mL), whereas the other, YGH433, was resistant to tigecycline (MIC 4 µg/mL). Whole-genome sequencing revealed that both strains harboured <em>tet</em>(X4) on plasmids and TGH62 also harboured <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 on a plasmid. The plasmids carrying <em>tet</em>(X4) in TGH62 and YGH433 belonged to the IncI and IncFII incompatibility groups, respectively. The plasmid carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 belonged to the IncFIA incompatibility group. The conjugation efficiencies of the plasmids harbouring <em>tet</em>(X4) in YGH433 and <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 in TGH62 were relatively high, whereas that harbouring <em>tet</em>(X4) in TGH62 was low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tigecycline-resistant <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> harbouring <em>tet</em>(X4) may spread in hospitals in Myanmar. Further studies are needed to detect <em>tet</em>(X4) conferring tigecycline resistance in hospitals as well as environmental settings in Myanmar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 235-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissemination of NDM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST308 and ST274 high-risk clones in Argentina","authors":"Melina Rapoport ,&nbsp;Nahir Gattoni ,&nbsp;Celeste Lucero ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel de Mendieta","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study describes the phenotypic, molecular, and genomic characterisation of emerging <em>bla</em>_NDM-1-producing <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> in Argentina, mainly driven by ST308 and ST274 clones.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nineteen clinical isolates submitted to the National and Regional Reference Laboratory on Antimicrobial Resistance between 2018 and 2024 from nine hospitals were analysed. Antimicrobial susceptibility and carbapenemase activity were evaluated. In-house PCR assays were used to detect relevant resistance determinants. Genetic relatedness was assessed by SpeI-PFGE, and whole-genome sequencing was performed on nine isolates using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All isolates were resistant to all β-lactams tested, except two, M28149 and M28715, that remained susceptible to aztreonam. All carried <em>bla</em>_NDM-1. PFGE identified six pulsotypes, with 13 isolates in one dominant type. Whole-genome sequencing revealed six ST308, two ST274, and one ST3243; five ST308 isolates also harboured the <em>rmtD</em> 16S methylase gene. Phylogenetic analysis of ST308 isolates showed they formed a distinct cluster compared with those from other countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The emergence of <em>bla</em>_NDM-1-producing <em>P. aeruginosa</em> associated with ST308 and ST274 clones represents a public health concern, particularly given the scarcity of effective treatment options for severe infections caused by these high-risk clones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the performance of the InnowaveDx MTB/RIF/INH for simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid","authors":"Dapeng Fan,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Xuechai Shang,&nbsp;Miaofen Yang,&nbsp;Huanyu Li,&nbsp;Yongning Yue,&nbsp;Long Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the InnowaveDx MTB/RIF/INH assay for the simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We evaluated the performance of the InnowaveDx MTB/RIF/INH (InnowaveDx) assay in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis and detecting rifampicin and isoniazid resistance at the Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using the clinical final diagnosis as the standard, the sensitivity of InnowaveDx was 68.0%, which was higher than that of acid-fast bacilli smear, MGIT culture, and Xpert (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). The specificity was 97.1%, which was higher than acid-fast bacilli smear (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). The agreement between InnowaveDx and MGIT phenotypic drug sensitivity, as well as Xpert, for detecting rifampicin resistance, had <em>kappa</em> values of 0.783 and 0.940, respectively. The agreement between InnowaveDx and MGIT phenotypic drug sensitivity, as well as multicolor melting curve analysis, for detecting isoniazid resistance, had <em>kappa</em> values of 0.915 and 1. The discrepancies in rifampicin- and isoniazid-resistance detection were observed in 11 and 4 cases, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The InnowaveDx MTB/RIF/INH assay demonstrates good performance in detecting <em>M. tuberculosis</em> as well as rifampicin and isoniazid resistance. The discrepancies in rifampicin-resistance results and phenotypic resistance are mainly the result of borderline resistance mutations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 246-253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145944586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome analysis of qacA-harboring ST45-SCCmec Vc-t1081 MRSA from skin exudate in a Chinese patient with severe drug eruption","authors":"Wei Kong ,&nbsp;Qinghuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Limei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li ,&nbsp;Yanyan Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) sequence type (ST) 45 is a significant global lineage of MRSA, known for its vast strain diversity and substantial clinical impact. This study aimed to characterize the genomic characteristics and diversity of the ST45-SCC<em>mec</em> Vc-t1081 MRSA strains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MRSA strain SA0907 was isolated from the skin exudate of a patient with severe drug eruption in China. The complete genome of MSRA strain SA0907 was sequenced using both Illumina (Novaseq 6000) and PacBio (Sequel II) platforms, followed by hybrid assembly of the sequences. The identification of mobile genetic elements and antibiotic resistance genes was accomplished through bioinformatics tools.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The SCC<em>mec</em> type Vc in SA0907 was comprised of the class C2 <em>mec</em> gene complex (IS<em>431</em>-<em>mecA</em>-Δ<em>mecR1</em>-IS<em>431</em>) and type 5 <em>ccr</em> gene complex (<em>ccrC1</em> allele 2 and <em>ccrC1</em> allele 8). Notably, the MRSA strain SA0907 was the first complete genome data for the ST45-SCC<em>me</em>c Vc-t1081 MRSA in Mainland of China. The disinfectant resistance genes <em>qacA</em>/<em>qacR</em> were chromosomally located within a variable region containing Tn<em>552</em> and Tn<em>4001</em> in MRSA strain SA0907. The 2.46-kb plasmid pSA0907-2 from MRSA strain SA0907 harbored <em>erm(C)</em>, which conferred MLS_B (macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B) resistance. Small plasmids similar to the 2.46-kb plasmid pSA0907-2 were prevalent across the <em>Staphylococcus</em> genus, particularly in <em>S. aureus</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MRSA strain SA0907 represents the first complete genome report of a <em>qacA</em>-harboring ST45-SCC<em>mec</em> Vc-t1081 MRSA in Mainland of China. One 2.46-kb <em>erm(C)</em>-harboring plasmid pSA0907-2 carried by the MRSA strain SA0907 was widely present in <em>S. aureus</em> and other staphylococci.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 71-74"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145540985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of recombinant endolysin LysNOVA-I against growing/non-growing and planktonic/biofilm cultures of Staphylococcus aureus strains","authors":"Carla Rivero ,&nbsp;Melina M.B. Martínez ,&nbsp;Nicole G. Picinin ,&nbsp;Eduardo G. Martins ,&nbsp;Claudio Paolazzi ,&nbsp;Alejandra Capozzo ,&nbsp;Denise da Silva Oliveira ,&nbsp;Johana Becerra ,&nbsp;Benedito M. dos Santos ,&nbsp;Lucio H.G. de Freitas-Junior ,&nbsp;Andrea Balan ,&nbsp;Nilton Lincopan ,&nbsp;Rita de Cassia Café Ferreira ,&nbsp;Luis Carlos de Souza Ferreira ,&nbsp;Leticia Verónica Bentancor","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Bacteriophage-encoded endolysins have emerged as novel antibacterial strategies against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We identified a bacteriophage-derived conserved sequence encoding an endolysin specific <em>to Staphylococcus aureus.</em> A recombinant endolysin (LysNOVA-I) was then produced, characterised and evaluated against methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The endolysin gene from phage ФvB_SauS-phiIPLA88 was cloned, expressed, and successfully purified using affinity chromatography. The activity of pure recombinant endolysin (rLysNOVA-I) was subsequently evaluated against growing and non-growing planktonic cells and biofilm cultures of international MRSA clones. A computational analysis was conducted to elucidate protein folding and obtain insight into the molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>rLysNOVA-I exhibited bactericidal activity against both exponential and stationary growth phase <em>S. aureus</em> cells. rLysNOVA-I also prevented biofilm formation and degradation of established <em>S. aureus</em> biofilms. Notably, rLysNOVA-I was active against the MRSA clone ST398, which is of veterinary and clinical relevance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings highlight the clinical potential of rLysNOVA-I as a therapeutic or complementary alternative to antibiotics against multidrug-resistant <em>S. aureus</em> infections in human and veterinary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145587775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention studies and antimicrobial resistance in Italy: An overview of the latest evidence","authors":"Antonio Vitiello ,&nbsp;Andrea Zovi ,&nbsp;Michela Sabbatucci ,&nbsp;Elisa Fabbro ,&nbsp;Walter Ricciardi ,&nbsp;Leonardo Villani ,&nbsp;Giovanni Rezza ,&nbsp;Mariarosaria Boccellino ,&nbsp;Annalisa Capuano ,&nbsp;Francesco Rossi ,&nbsp;Marcello Gelormini ,&nbsp;Danilo Lo Fo Wong ,&nbsp;Francesco Blasi ,&nbsp;Cristiana Bellan ,&nbsp;Maurizio Acampa ,&nbsp;Matteo Bassetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant and growing threat to public health globally, with Italy facing some of the highest resistance rates in Europe. This manuscript reviewed recent Italian intervention studies aimed at mitigating AMR across bacterial, fungal, and viral domains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Strategies including antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), infection prevention and control (IPC), antifungal stewardship (AFS), and diagnostic advancements were evaluated. The evidence highlighted both the promise and limitations of Italy's current approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While AMS and IPC programs have reduced antibiotic use, healthcare-associated infections, and costs, regional disparities, inconsistent implementation, and limited longitudinal surveillance remain critical challenges. The fungal resistance landscape is marked by rising threats like Candida auris, requiring urgent expansion of AFS programs. Italy's AMR strategy would benefit from improved IPC infrastructure, realtime data integration, and alignment with One Health principles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Strengthening national coordination, supportinginnovation, and translating surveillance into action at the local level are crucial for turning policy into measurable progress. This review provides actionable insights to guide a more unified and responsive national AMR framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 288-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}