Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Evidence of circulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates among termites, chimpanzees, and humans","authors":"Cheikh Tidiane Houmenou , Habibou Sarr , Seydina M. Diene , Idir Kacel , Cheikh Sokhna , Florence Fenollar , Oleg Mediannikov","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 69-71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"blaNDM-5-encoding ST171 Enterobacter hormaechei: A global genomic and epidemiological perspective","authors":"Mengting Luo ,&nbsp;Yawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Fang He ,&nbsp;Zhengquan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Six <em>bla</em>_NDM-5-positive carbapenem-resistant <em>Enterobacter hormaechei</em> isolates were collected from the emergency intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in China. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive genomic and epidemiological analysis of ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> harbouring <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 on a global scale.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina platform, and the genomic characteristics of the isolates were analysed using multiple bioinformatics tools. <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. A single nucleotide polymorphism-based phylogenetic tree for ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains was constructed using Snippy v4.6.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 were isolated from different patients in the EICU over a 9-month period. These strains exhibited resistance to all tested antimicrobial agents except for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and colistin. A total of 12 antimicrobial resistance genes, including <em>bla</em>_NDM-5, were identified in these strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all six strains belonged to the same clonal lineage, indicating nosocomial transmission. A comprehensive search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information database identified 75 ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5, predominantly of clinical origin, with the highest prevalence in China and the United States. Clonal dissemination was observed both within hospitals and between healthcare facilities in these two countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>bla</em>_NDM-5-positive <em>ST</em>171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains have emerged globally, with significant prevalence in China and the United States. Our study underscores the clonal spread of these strains within hospitals and across healthcare facilities. Continuous surveillance of these strains is crucial for the effective prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Insights into Global metallo-β-lactamases-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Comprehensive Analysis Based on NCBI Database.","authors":"Junbin Zhai, Ruyu Yan, Xiaoli Cao, Chang Liu, Fengyan Li, Han Shen, Xuejing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to analyze the distribution of metallo-β-lactamase (MβLs) encoding genes in global Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Genomes of P. aeruginosa (21,788 in total) were obtained from the NCBI database and annotated using Prodigal to ensure consistency. Blastn analysis was conducted to compare the structured bla_MβL databases with annotated genomes to obtain detailed distribution of all bla_MβL genes in all genomes. A self-written sequence typing tool was utilized for sequence typing analysis on bla_MβL carrying P. aeruginosa, and meta-information of strains was extracted for further analysis. Out of 21,788 genomes, 2,639 (12.1%) contained 4,014 bla_MβL, with bla_VIM being the most prevalent (51.2%), followed by bla_IMP (24.1%) and bla_NDM (23.4%). Twenty-four bla_VIM variants, with bla_VIM-2 being the most common, accounting for 73.2%; There are 39 variants of bla_IMP, mainly bla_IMP-1 and bla_IMP-7, accounting for 16.1% and 14.5%, respectively. Among 2,639 P. aeruginosa carrying bla_MβL, 109 distinct sequence types (STs) were identified, with ST235 (16.8%) and ST111 (16.7%) being the predominant types, followed by ST308 (372, 14.1%), ST233 (190, 7.2%), ST357 (144, 5.5%), ST1203 (108, 4.1%), and ST773 (105, 4.0%). Notably, bla_MβL-producing P. aeruginosa showed a continuous increase, peaking in 2019 since first detection in 1997. These strains were predominantly isolated from human sources (1,836, 69.6%), primarily from urine samples (21.9%). The predominant metalloenzymes in global P. aeruginosa are bla_VIM-2, bla_IMP-1, and bla_IMP-7, primarily associated with epidemic high-risk clones ST235, ST111, and ST308. Given the rising trend of bla_MβL-producing P. aeruginosa, enhanced infection prevention and control measures are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterisation of Pseudomonas asiatica as an emerging mastitis pathogen in dairy cows with resistance and virulence implications","authors":"Taniya Sultana ,&nbsp;Md. Morshedur Rahman ,&nbsp;Monira Rahaman ,&nbsp;Kh. Yeashir Arafat ,&nbsp;Md. Golam Haider ,&nbsp;Abu Nasar Md. Aminoor Rahman ,&nbsp;Anup Kumar Talukder ,&nbsp;M. Nazmul Hoque ,&nbsp;Ziban Chandra Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Mastitis, a major concern in the dairy industry, is often caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, making treatment more challenging. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes (VGs) profiles of <em>Pseudomonas asiatica</em> strains isolated from milk, faeces, and farm soils of dairy cows diagnosed with clinical mastitis (CM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-five milk and 35 faeces samples from cows with CM, as well as 30 soil samples were collected from 30 small-holding dairy farms in Gazipur district, Bangladesh. <em>P. asiatica</em> was identified using culture-based methods, VITEK-2, and 16S rRNA sequencing. AMR profile was determined using disc diffusion method. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of four MDR <em>P. asiatica</em> isolates was performed for phylogenetic analysis, ARGs and VGs prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of <em>P. asiatica</em> in the investigated dairy farms in this study was 37.27%, with rates of 29.27% in milk, 34.15% in faeces, and 36.59% in soil. All <em>P. asiatica</em> isolates were MDR, exhibiting highest resistance to imipenem, ampicillin, oxacillin, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, azithromycin, tetracycline, and cefoxitin. WGS revealed close phylogenetic ties between <em>P. asiatica</em> isolates (2M1, 2F1, 2F2, 2S1) and global <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains. Each of the four <em>P. asiatica</em> strains harbored 11 ARGs imparting resistance to multiple antibiotics, and 30 VGs linked to motility, alginate/pyoverdine synthesis, and regulatory systems.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identifies <em>P. asiatica</em> as an emerging MDR mastitis pathogen with significant environmental persistence. These findings highlight for species-specific diagnostics, and tailored antimicrobial strategies to improve mastitis control in dairy farming systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of intravenous versus intravenous combined with intrathecal/intracerebral ventricle injection of polymyxin B for Acinetobacter baumannii intracranial infection: A retrospective study","authors":"Li You ,&nbsp;Ru-meng Ding ,&nbsp;Ting-ting Liu ,&nbsp;Hai-yang Meng ,&nbsp;Duo-lu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Intracranial infections caused by <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>A. baumannii</em>) are common and life-threatening. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and risk factors associated with 30-d mortality rates between intravenous (IV) polymyxin B and a combination of intravenous (IV) with intrathecal (IVT)/intracerebral (ITH) polymyxin B in the treatment of this type of intracranial infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analysed patients with <em>A. baumannii</em> intracranial infections treated from November 2018 to March 2023. Based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 57 patients were included in the study. Patients treated with IV polymyxin B combined with IVT/ITH polymyxin B were assigned to the IV plus IVT/ITH group, while those treated solely with IV polymyxin B were assigned to the IV group. Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes were systematically collected and analysed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study involved 57 patients who acquired <em>A. baumannii</em> intracranial infection. The cure rate was 31.6% (18/57) and a 30-d mortality rate of 33.3% (19/57). Compared to the IV group, the IV plus IVT/ITH group demonstrated a higher cure rate (15.4% vs. 45.2%, <em>P</em> = 0.034) and lower 30-d mortality (50.0% vs. 19.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.015). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the absence of IVT/ITH polymyxin B (<em>P</em> = 0.043) and the preexisting renal insufficiency at admission (<em>P</em> = 0.027) were independently associated with increased 30-d mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The combination of IV and IVT/ITH polymyxin B administration represents an effective therapeutic strategy for <em>A. baumannii</em> infections, demonstrating higher cure rates, significantly reduced 30-d mortality, and a substantial survival advantage. Notably, ITH/IVT treatment does not appear to increase the incidence of neurotoxicity. However, the true incidence of neurotoxicity associated with IVT/ITH polymyxin B may be underestimated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Kentucky ST198 in Southwest China","authors":"Ximei Kong ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Gaopeng Lei ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Weifeng Huang ,&nbsp;Yun Leng ,&nbsp;Yanfang Miao ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Qiwu Yuan ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Haojiang Zuo ,&nbsp;Lvbo Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and virulence characteristics of <em>Salmonella</em> isolates from clinical cases in Sichuan, China, collected from 2019 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 153 <em>Salmonella</em> isolates from 19 regions in Sichuan Province were analysed. Sequence types (STs) were identified using multi-locus sequence typing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted to assess resistance profiles, while whole-genome sequencing was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 153 <em>Salmonella</em> isolates, 49 STs were identified. ST11 (<em>S</em>. Enteritidis) was the most prevalent, while <em>S</em>. Kentucky comprised 3.27% (5/153) of isolates, significantly higher than the national average (0.33%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). All <em>S</em>. Kentucky ST198 isolates were extensively drug-resistant, exhibiting resistance to at least seven antimicrobial classes, including fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. <em>S</em>. Kentucky ST198 harboured significantly more ARGs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and virulence genes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) than other strains. ARGs such as <em>CTX-M-55, TEM-216, TEM-90</em>, and <em>TEM-150</em> were significantly more prevalent (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and β-lactams. Additionally, the absence of <em>sifA</em> (16.7% vs. 91.8%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and <em>shdA</em> (0.0% vs. 68.7%, <em>P</em> = 0.001), suggesting that these genes may influence the reduced risk of human infection by ST198.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight the emergence of extensively drug-resistant <em>Salmonella</em> Kentucky ST198 in Southwest China and underscore the urgent need for ongoing surveillance in this region due to its significant public health impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 264-270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. focussing on C. jejuni and C. coli – A narrative review","authors":"Vathsala Mohan ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Strepis ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Mitsakakis ,&nbsp;Karsten Becker ,&nbsp;Leonid Chindelevitch ,&nbsp;Nirajmohan Shivaperumal ,&nbsp;Khine Swe Swe-Han ,&nbsp;John P. Hays","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Campylobacter</em> species represent one of the leading causes of human foodborne infections, including gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhoea. Overuse of antibiotics in veterinary, agriculture, and humans has led to an increase in multidrug antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Fluoroquinolones and macrolides resistant <em>Campylobacters</em> are WHO and CDC priority pathogens, with fluoroquinolone resistance doubling in the past 20 years, complicating treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Published studies relating to AMR and associated molecular mechanisms in both <em>Campylobacter jejuni</em> (<em>C. jejuni</em>) and <em>C. coli</em> from animals, humans and environment (1981–2024), were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. In addition, genomic analyses of publicly available <em>C. jejuni</em> and <em>C. coli</em> genomes along with multilocus sequence typing results from the PubMLST database were used to analyse these AMR determinants and their phylogenomic relationships. Review articles were excluded from the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 429 research papers were reviewed to get insights into multidrug resistance in <em>C. jejuni</em> and <em>C. coli</em>. Fluroquinolone resistance has been predominantly associated with international travel. The <em>gyrA</em> subunits were associated with ecological niches and overall, it is suggestive that <em>C. coli</em> might be the donor. A positive synergism was observed between <em>cmeA</em> gene expression and quinolone resistance. Additionally, the results speculated the possibility of horizontal gene transfers in chromosomal resistance clusters between <em>C. coli</em> and <em>C. jejuni</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review indicated significant concern of multidrug resistance in <em>C. jejuni</em> and <em>C. coli</em>. This requires continent-wide surveillance and research for standard practices to achieve effective antimicrobial stewardship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 372-389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-resistance patterns and associated mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia","authors":"Ayinalem Alemu ,&nbsp;Getu Diriba ,&nbsp;Getachew Seid ,&nbsp;Solomon H. Mariam ,&nbsp;Nega Berhe ,&nbsp;Balako Gumi","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the drug-resistance (DR) patterns, mutations, and associated factors among tuberculosis (TB) cases identified from diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The DR patterns of 77 <em>Mycobacterial</em> isolates were assessed using phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing, the Xpert MTB/rifampicin (RIF) assay, the Xpert MTB/XDR assay, and line probe assays. Data were analysed using SPSS version 27. Descriptive statistics, a chi-squared test, and logistic regression were conducted. The 95% CI was determined, and a <em>P</em>-value &lt;0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Resistance pattern was determined for 76 <em>Mycobacterial</em> isolates, and one isolate had an invalid result. Any DR and multi-DR were detected among 25.0% (19), and 7.9% (6) isolates, respectively. Resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid (INH), RIF, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide was 11.8% (9), 13.2% (10), 10.5% (8), 6.6% (5), and 11.8%(9), respectively. Mono-DR was detected for streptomycin 3.9% (3), INH 2.6% (2), RIF 2.6% (2), and pyrazinamide 4.5% (4). One isolate was resistant to fluoroquinolones. Phenotypic and genotypic methods had concordant results in determining RIF and fluoroquinolones resistance. The common RIF and INH-resistant conferring mutations were observed at the <em>S531L</em> and <em>S315T</em> regions, respectively. Previous TB treatment and TB contact history were associated with DR-TB.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A quarter of TB cases identified had DR-TB, with a higher risk among patients with previous TB treatment history and had contact with TB patients, necessitating programmatic interventions, including applying infection prevention, contact tracing, and access to drug-susceptibility testing using rapid molecular methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 293-300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam in Chinese patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia, including ventilator-associated pneumonia: A Phase 4, multi-centre, open-label study","authors":"Jinyi Yuan ,&nbsp;Haihui Huang ,&nbsp;Fei Guo ,&nbsp;Aimin Li ,&nbsp;NanYan Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Chang ,&nbsp;Zuke Xiao ,&nbsp;Huiqing Zeng ,&nbsp;Hua Qiao ,&nbsp;Liangfa Tang ,&nbsp;Yunsong Yu ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Panpan Wang ,&nbsp;Paurus Irani ,&nbsp;Rienk Pypstra ,&nbsp;Junchao Lu ,&nbsp;Fanglei Liu ,&nbsp;Yuting Mu ,&nbsp;Yingyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ceftazidime-avibactam was approved in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), based on the multinational Phase 3 REPROVE study. This study assessed efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam in Chinese adults with HAP/VAP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a Phase 4, prospective, multi-centre, open-label study, conducted at 42 sites in China. Patients with HAP/VAP received ceftazidime-avibactam 2.5 g by 2-h IV infusion every 8 h for 7–14 d. Primary efficacy endpoint was clinical response at the test-of-cure (TOC) visit in the clinical modified intent-to-treat (cMITT) analysis set. Secondary endpoints included microbiological response at TOC (microbiological modified intent-to-treat analysis set) and all-cause mortality at TOC and D 28. Results were summarized descriptively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 257 screened individuals, 235 were treated with ceftazidime-avibactam (safety analysis set); 71% were male; median age was 67 y. <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (<em>n</em> = 49 [61.3%]) and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>n</em> = 16 [20.0%]) were the most frequently isolated baseline pathogens. Clinical cure at TOC was achieved in 62.7% patients (131/209, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [56.0, 69.0]) in the cMITT analysis set. Favourable microbiological responses at TOC occurred in 51.3% (41/80, 95% CI: [40.4, 62.0]) patients (microbiological modified intent-to-treat analysis set). All-cause mortality was 5.7% (12/209; 95% CI: 3.2, 9.6) at TOC and D 28 (cMITT analysis set). No new safety signals were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ceftazidime-avibactam was effective in Chinese patients with HAP/VAP, and results were consistent with the Phase 3 REPROVE study. These findings support the use of ceftazidime-avibactam as a potential treatment option in Chinese adults with HAP/VAP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro activity of omadacycline against bacterial isolates from bone/joint infections and rare pathogens in the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program (2015–2023)","authors":"Michael D. Huband ,&nbsp;Paul R. Rhomberg ,&nbsp;Kelley A. Fedler ,&nbsp;Christopher Blankers ,&nbsp;Diane Anastasiou ,&nbsp;Alisa W. Serio ,&nbsp;Mariana Castanheira","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline (tetracycline class) antibacterial approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (2018) for treatment of adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (ABSSSI) and community acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) caused by indicated organisms (oral and iv formulations). Omadacycline has activity against bacterial isolates expressing common tetracycline resistance mechanisms (ribosomal protection proteins and efflux pumps), which render older generation tetracyclines inactive. Omadacycline <em>in vitro</em> activity was assessed against 919 bacterial isolates collected from patients with bone/joint infections in the United States and Europe (2015–2023) and 3945 rarely encountered bacterial pathogens from patients (multiple infection sites) in the United States (2015–2023) as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. program.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Broth microdilution susceptibility testing followed Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M07 (2024) and M100 (2024) guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Omadacycline demonstrated susceptibilities of ≥90.0% (FDA breakpoints) against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (including MRSA), <em>Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Enterococcus faecalis</em> (including vancomycin-resistant), and streptococci including <em>Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>, and <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> from patient with bone/joint infections. Omadacycline demonstrated potent <em>in vitro</em> activity against rare Gram-positive pathogens (multiple infection sites), inhibiting 97.3%, 91.3%, and 99.4% of uncommon staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci isolates at or below current FDA approved ABSSSI breakpoints for <em>S. aureus, S. pyogenes</em>, and <em>E. faecalis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The potent omadacycline activity observed in this study suggests potential clinical utility for treatment of bone/joint infections and rarely encountered Gram-positive infections caused by various staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci isolates and supports ongoing clinical trials for these disease indications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 271-284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}