Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Comparative study of mcr-10 plasmids in Enterobacter spp. with the mcr-10_ter locus from wastewater and clinical samples: Implications for antimicrobial resistance and fitness","authors":"Liansheng Yu ,&nbsp;Shizuo Kayama ,&nbsp;Wataru Hayashi,&nbsp;Yo Sugawara,&nbsp;Sayoko Kawakami,&nbsp;Motoyuki Sugai","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The emergence and dissemination of mobile colistin resistance (<em>mcr</em>) genes among various <em>Enterobacter</em> species found in humans, animals, and the environment have attracted significant global attention. We report the emergence of <em>mcr-10</em>-carrying plasmids in <em>Enterobacter</em> spp. isolated from wastewater in Japan. This study aimed to characterize the genetic environment of <em>mcr-10</em> detected in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Wastewater samples were collected bimonthly from four municipal wastewater treatment plants in Hiroshima, Japan between October 2020 and August 2021, and three <em>mcr-10</em>-harboring isolates were recovered. These isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and comparative analysis of <em>mcr-10</em>-carrying plasmids.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The three colistin-resistant strains, JARB-T-NT00029, JARB-T-NT00194, and JARB-T-NT00318 belonged to sequence types 364, 32, and 486, respectively. The <em>mcr-10</em> genes were located on 118–155 kb plasmids of the IncFIB(K), IncFIA(HI1), and IncFIB(pECLA)/IncFII(pECLA) replicon types. These plasmids showed high similarity to <em>mcr-10</em>-carrying plasmids found in <em>Enterobacter</em> spp. isolated from human samples reported in other countries across Asia and Europe. Further detailed comparative analysis revealed that an <em>mcr-10</em>_<em>ter</em> locus–containing fragment, including genes involved in colistin resistance and the promotion of gut colonization, was conserved in 14 of 30 (46.7%) strains isolated from human samples in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We reported colistin-resistant <em>Enterobacter</em> spp. harboring plasmids carrying the <em>mcr-10.</em> This is the first detailed characterization of the genetic structures of the <em>mcr-10</em>-carrying plasmids isolated from the environment in Japan. Our investigation suggests the potential spread of a combination of genes for colistin resistance and the promotion of gut colonization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genotype of pneumococci in young healthy children attending daycare centres in Klang Valley, Malaysia","authors":"Norfazlina Mohamad ,&nbsp;Maitasha Alia Meor Yahaya ,&nbsp;AbdulRahman Muthanna ,&nbsp;Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa ,&nbsp;Elysha Nur Ismail ,&nbsp;Rahmat Dapari ,&nbsp;Anita Abd Rahman ,&nbsp;Ahmad Najib Hasan ,&nbsp;Niazlin Mohd Taib ,&nbsp;Siti Norbaya Masri ,&nbsp;Hui Yee Chee ,&nbsp;Sithra Rengasamy ,&nbsp;Norlijah Othman","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) targeting selected serotypes has led to a decrease in invasive pneumococcal diseases. In Malaysia, PCV10 was recently included in the national immunisation programme. Therefore, monitoring serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pneumococci in high-density areas is crucial. This study investigated the serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and genotype of pneumococci in healthy children below 5 years old attending daycare centres in Klang Valley, Malaysia, while indirectly assessing transmission dynamics through nasopharyngeal carriage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>168 children across 25 daycare centres provided parental consent. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected between January 2023 and May 2024, were analysed for pneumococcal carriage, and serotyped by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using E-test assay. Multilocus sequence typing was performed on isolates with reduced susceptibility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pneumococcal carriage rate was 22.6%. Serotype 15C was the most prevalent (15.8%), followed by 23A and 11A. In the E-test assay, 47.4% isolates were resistant to erythromycin, 28.9% to tetracycline, and 5.3% to penicillin. One isolate was resistant to ceftriaxone, whereas none demonstrated resistance to cefotaxime; reduced susceptibility to the two antibiotics was observed in one isolate, while two others had intermediate susceptibility to either ceftriaxone or cefotaxime alone. Sequence type distribution was diverse, with ST338 being the most common (n = 3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The predominance of nonvaccine serotypes, particularly 15C and 23A, alongside antibiotic resistance, indicates a potential epidemiological shift in the post-PCV era. These results emphasise the need for continuous surveillance to monitor serotype dynamics and antimicrobial resistance pattern in the community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome sequencing analysis of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from female patients with mastitis in Henan, China","authors":"Jing Yu ,&nbsp;Yanzi Ding ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Fang ,&nbsp;Shuhong Tai ,&nbsp;Enwu Yuan ,&nbsp;Yitao Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To study the molecular characteristics, antibiotic resistance profiles and virulence features of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (SA) isolates that cause mastitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>117 SA isolates were collected from women with mastitis. Strain identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were conducted using the Vitek 2 system. All SA isolates were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), ResFinder, BLAST against virulence factors, spaTyper, and SCCmecFinder were employed to analyse the strains.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>35 methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) strains and 82 methicillin-sensitive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MSSA) strains were isolated from women with acute breast abscesses. The rates of resistance to various antibiotics were significantly higher among MRSA isolates than among MSSA isolates. 22 sequence types (STs), 35 staphylococcal protein A (<em>spa</em>) types, and 4 SCCmec types were identified. ST22, ST59, and ST398 were the major lineages, and t309 and t437 were the most common <em>spa</em> types. SCCmec-IVa was the predominant SCCmec type. Interestingly, toxin gene subtypes A (<em>hlgA, hlgB, hlgC, lukF-PV, lukS-PV, seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, seu</em>, n = 54), B (<em>hlgA, hlgB, hlgC, seb, sek, seq</em>, n = 13), C (<em>hlgA, hlgB, hlgC, lukD, lukE,</em> n = 10), and D (<em>hlgA, hlgB, hlgC</em>, n = 10) accounted for 74.4% (87/117) of all SA isolates, suggesting the high expression of virulence genes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ST22, ST398, and ST59 are the main types that cause mastitis and have different virulence factor profiles. This study provides deeper insights into the molecular epidemiology of SA associated with acute mastitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterisation of the first case of IMP-13-producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST313/ExoU+/O1 isolate in Chile","authors":"Maximiliano Matus-Köhler ,&nbsp;Pablo Araya-Vega ,&nbsp;Sergio Mella ,&nbsp;Alejandro Aguayo-Reyes ,&nbsp;Mario Quezada-Aguiluz ,&nbsp;Néstor Herrera-Chávez ,&nbsp;Felipe Morales-León ,&nbsp;Gerardo González-Rocha ,&nbsp;Andrés Opazo-Capurro","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Carbapenemase-resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (CR-PA) is a WHO priority pathogen posing a serious public health threat. This study reports the first IMP-13-producing <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate (150UDEC/24) in Chile, recovered from a bone infection in April 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using disk diffusion and MIC strip tests. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq platform, and annotation by the NCBI PGAP. Analyses included Staramr, VFDB, MLST, PAst, MOB-Typer, MOB-Recon, and Integron Finder2. Phylogenetic analysis of 150UDEC/24 and 44 ST313 genomes was carried out by IQTree and iTOL for visualization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 150UDEC/24 isolate exhibited resistance to relevant antibiotics, including cephalosporins and carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem). It belonged to sequence type (ST) ST313 and serotype O1 and harboured multiple resistance genes: <em>aph(6)-Id, aph(3′’)-Ib, aph(3′)-IIb, aac(6′)-Ib4, aph(3′)-VI, catB7, dfrB3, sul1, fosA, bla</em>_OXA-488<em>, bla</em>_OXA-2<em>, bla</em>_PDC-37<em>,</em> and <em>bla</em>_IMP-13. The <em>bla</em>_IMP-13 gene was embedded in a class 1 integron alongside <em>dfrB3, aac(6′)-Ib4,</em> and <em>bla</em>_OXA-2. Additionally, the virulence gene <em>exoU</em> was detected. Phylogenetic analysis showed 150UDEC/24 diverged from other ST313 strains, with no other isolate carrying <em>bla</em>_IMP-13, suggesting distinct evolution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides the first genomic characterization of an IMP-13-producing ST313 carbapenem-resistant <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate (150UDEC/24) in Chile, containing multiple resistance genes and the ExoU virulence factor. Phylogenetic analysis suggests unique evolution, emphasizing the need for continued genomic surveillance to monitor the emergence of highly resistant, virulent strains in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 8-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical imipenem non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from China: Epidemiology, molecular characterization and in vitro activity of imipenem/relebactam","authors":"Peiyao Jia ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Li ,&nbsp;Wei Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaobing Chu ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjia Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Kang ,&nbsp;Ge Zhang ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiyu Chen ,&nbsp;Yingchun Xu ,&nbsp;Qiwen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the epidemiological and molecular characterization and <em>in vitro</em> activity of imipenem/relebactam against imipenem non-susceptible (IPMNS) <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> isolates in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates were collected from 16 sites in 5 regions across China during 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. For IPMNS <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates, whole genome sequencing was used to screen for drug-resistance and virulence genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 1011 clinical <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates, 277 (27.3%) were IPMNS and were significantly more common in intensive care unit patients (47.5%) and hospital-acquired infections (28.9%). Production of carbapenemase was the dominant resistance mechanism, with 228 (89.8%) IPMNS isolates harbouring <em>bla</em>_KPC-2, 8 (3.1%) <em>bla</em>_NDM, 2 (0.8%) <em>bla</em>_OXA-232 and 1 (0.4%) <em>bla</em>_OXA-181. The dominant clone was sequence type (ST) 11 (78.7%) followed by ST15 (10.2%). Relebactam restored imipenem’s susceptibility in 96.5% isolates harbouring a <em>bla</em>_KPC-2 gene.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Harbouring the <em>bla</em>_KPC-2 gene was the dominant mechanism of IPMNS <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in China. Empirical imipenem/relebactam treatment could be considered when susceptibility or carbapenemase tests are not available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa in wound infections: Genomic characterization and emergence of hypervirulent ST1965/ST3418 strains co-harbouring exoU and exoS","authors":"Xin Hong ,&nbsp;Zexuan Li ,&nbsp;Wenying Xia ,&nbsp;Zhongming Tan ,&nbsp;Yulin Hu ,&nbsp;Litao Zhang ,&nbsp;Genyan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the phenotype and genotype characteristics of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> isolates from wound infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-six <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains isolated from wound infections in a university hospital were analysed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, biofilm formation assays, and whole-genome sequencing were performed on all strains. The virulence of potential hypervirulent strains was assessed using a <em>Galleria mellonella</em> infection model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 76 tested strains, 49 (64.5%) were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. The β-lactamase-encoding gene positivity rate was 57.9%, while the <em>OprD</em> gene mutation rate was 1.3%. All isolates were classified into 56 distinct multilocus sequence types. Serotype distribution revealed O11 (22.37%, 17/76), O16 (19.74%, 15/76), and O1 (18.42%, 14/76) as the most prevalent. The <em>exoU</em> gene was predominantly associated with serotype O11. Over 80% of strains harboured biofilm-related virulence genes, and all exhibited strong biofilm-forming capacity. Six <em>exoU+/exoS+</em> strains (serotype O4) were identified, with ST1965 and ST3418 demonstrating potential hypervirulence in the infection model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolates from wound infections displayed sporadic genomic profiles, high antibiotic susceptibility, and robust biofilm formation. The emergence of <em>exoU+/exoS+</em> hypervirulent clones (ST1965 and ST3418), characterized by enhanced virulence and biofilm production, highlights their potential to cause treatment-refractory infections and severe clinical outcomes. Continuous surveillance and tailored therapeutic approaches are imperative for managing infections caused by these clones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 220-228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into virulence, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance of multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori strains of novel sequence types isolated from Vietnamese patients with gastric diseases","authors":"Thanh Thuyet Bui ,&nbsp;Thi Thanh Tam Tran ,&nbsp;Thai Son Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thi Thu Hang Le ,&nbsp;Cam Linh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hoang Nam Pham ,&nbsp;Anne-Laure Bañuls ,&nbsp;Huu Song Le ,&nbsp;Huu Phuong Anh Le ,&nbsp;Thi Tho Bui ,&nbsp;Tien Sy Bui ,&nbsp;Quoc Hoan Phan ,&nbsp;Thi Huyen Trang Tran ,&nbsp;Quang Huy Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) is a clinically important pathogen associated with gastric diseases. Here, we characterized the genome of multidrug-resistant <em>H. pylori</em> strains of novel sequence types, which were recovered from Vietnamese patients with gastritis or a stomach ulcer. Phenotypic-antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed against amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazol, tetracycline, and levofloxacin using an E-test. The whole genome sequence of three <em>H. pylori</em> strains was de novo assembled, followed by in silico analysis of multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core-genome based phylogeny, genetic determinants associated with virulence, biofilm formation, and antibiotic-resistance. The genome sequence of <em>H. pylori</em> strains exhibited a high similarity with the average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of 98.5% to 99.2%, carried 5 to 7 pathogenicity islands, and 3 to 6 mobilomes. The MLST profile of strains revealed novel sequence types ST4511, ST4512, and ST4513. Core-genome based phylogeny exhibited that the three <em>H. pylori</em> strains belong to the Asian genotype. These strains possessed 128 to 131 virulence genes, including toxin-encoding genes <em>cag</em>A and <em>vac</em>A. Double amoxicillin-resistant mutations on <em>pbp</em>1 and <em>pbp</em>2, or a mutation on <em>pbp</em>3, triple clarithromycin-resistant mutations on 23S rRNA gene and a levofloxacin-resistant mutation on <em>gyr</em>A were detected in antibiotic-resistant strains. Mutations on <em>rdx</em>A were detected in both metronidazole-resistant and -sensitive strains, whereas <em>frx</em>A mutations were detected in only one metronidazole-sensitive strain. Finally, a rifamycin-resistant mutation in <em>rpo</em>B was also detected. This study provides insights into the genome of multidrug-resistant <em>H. pylori</em> strains of a novel sequence type circulating in Vietnam for future investigations of its pathobiology and spread through human populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 237-241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low GAS carriage in school-aged children in western China during the national atypical scarlet fever resurgence: Insights from two cross-sectional studies","authors":"Mengyang Guo ,&nbsp;Xiangping Hou ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Qian Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Gao ,&nbsp;Limin Dong ,&nbsp;Yun Lai ,&nbsp;Siyu Chen ,&nbsp;Jianghong Deng ,&nbsp;Kaihu Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study examined group A streptococcus(GAS) carriage, <em>emm</em> types, and antibiotic susceptibility in children (6–13 years) in Aral, China, during the post-COVID-19 scarlet fever resurgence, providing regional insights.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The prevalence of GAS carriage was assessed in 1,835 children aged 6–13 years across two surveys at an Aral school in China during the post-COVID-19 resurgence of scarlet fever. GAS isolates were analyzed for <em>emm</em> types, M1_UK lineage, and antimicrobial susceptibility using culture, PCR, sequencing, and automated methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The first survey (885 children) showed a 1.9% isolation rate, highest in 9-year-olds (4.8%) and slightly higher in boys (2.3% vs. 1.5%, <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The second survey (950 children) reported a 3.1% rate, peaking at 10 years (6.7%) and also higher in boys (3.5% vs. 2.6%, <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Colonization rates were similar overall (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), but increased significantly in children aged ≥10 years (1.1% to 3.3%, <em>P</em> = 0.038). No children tested positive for GAS in both sampling rounds, which meant that the two surveys identified distinct host populations colonized by the bacteria. <em>Emm12</em> prevalence decreased from 76.5% to 55.2% (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), while <em>emm1</em> increased from 11.8% to 31.0% (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), with no M1_UK lineage detected. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin, linezolid, vancomycin, and levofloxacin. Among 33 co-resistant isolates, <em>emm12</em> accounted for 84.8% and <em>emm1</em> for 15.2%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite low GAS carriage rates, variations in age distribution and <em>emm</em> types suggest increased bacterial activity, warranting ongoing monitoring for GAS-related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 183-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world performance in therapeutic target attainment of various recommended polymyxin B dose regimens: Secondary data analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort","authors":"Jieqiong Liu ,&nbsp;Yuhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianping Zhu ,&nbsp;Gang Liang ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Lingyan Yu ,&nbsp;Zhenwei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Various population pharmacokinetic studies have suggested controversial optimal dosing regimens for polymyxin B in recent years. The objective of this study was to examine the real-world performance of various dosing regimens in therapeutic target attainment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a secondary analysis of a large prospective multicenter cohort (ChiCTR2200056667). Patients were retrospectively included from the cohort, and patient demographic characteristics, polymyxin B dosing regimens and corresponding 24-hour areas under the curve (AUCs) were collected. Patients were categorized into various groups according to the dosage regimens, and the corresponding AUC target attainment was analyzed. The target AUC ratio was defined as 50–100 mg/L·h.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 304 AUC data from 247 patients were included in this study. Only 55.3% of the AUCs were in the range of 50–100 mg/L·h. Differences in subgroups stratified by fixed-dosing regimens, weight-based regimens, and renal function-based dosing regimens. Moreover, the differences among the highest target dose strategies (fixed dose of 50 mg/12 h, weight-adjusted dose of 1–1.25 mg/kg/12 h, and CRRT unadjusted dose) were also insignificant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>No polymyxin B dosing strategy is superior in terms of target attainment, which highlights the importance of TDM in the clinical application of polymyxin B.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 229-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Y58D mutation in rpsJ gene is correlated with tigecycline and eravacycline combined resistance in ST80 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates","authors":"Felice Valzano ,&nbsp;Elisa Beccia ,&nbsp;Gianfranco La Bella ,&nbsp;Marianna Marangi ,&nbsp;Fabio Arena","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe the phenotypic and genetic features of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) isolates exhibiting resistance to tetracycline (TET), tigecycline (TGC), and eravacycline (ERV).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between December 2023 and September 2024, 32 VRE were collected from clinical samples at the Policlinico Foggia, Italy. Bacterial identification was carried out by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for vancomycin, TET, TGC, and ERV was performed by the reference broth microdilution method. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out to explore the content of tetracycline resistance determinants, and the phylogenetic relationship between isolates (in silico multilocus sequence typing [MLST] and single-nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] analysis).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the studied isolates, 30 and 2 were vancomycin-resistant <em>Enterococcus faecium</em> (VREfm) and vancomycin-resistant <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> (VREfs), respectively<em>.</em> Overall, eight isolates (six VREfm and two VREfs) were resistant to TET (8/32, 25%), with four (all VREfm) being resistant to TGC and ERV (4/32, 12.5%), also. The two TET-resistant VREfs strains belonged to sequence type (ST)6 and carried the <em>tet</em>(M) gene only. All the TET-resistant VREfm were ST80 and carried the <em>tet</em>(L) and <em>tet</em>(M) genes. Among these, the four TGC-resistant and ERV-resistant strains showed an uncommon Y58D substitution in the ribosomal S10 protein (<em>rpsJ</em> gene). SNPs analysis revealed that Y58D-carrying strains formed a separate cluster, within ST80 VREfm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this study, we correlated the presence of the Y58D mutation in the <em>rpsJ</em> gene with resistance to TGC and ERV in a cluster of VREfm ST80 clinical strains. The Y58D mutation was invariably found in co-presence with the <em>tet</em>(L) and <em>tet</em>(M) genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 242-247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}