Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"CC5 MRSA isolates from goats and the farm environment are phylogenetically linked to isolates recovered from human clinical samples","authors":"Wael El-Deeb ,&nbsp;Rory Cave ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Fayez ,&nbsp;Naser Alhumam ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Alhaider ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Al-Ali ,&nbsp;Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem ,&nbsp;Nam Giang Nguyen ,&nbsp;Filippos Vaskoudis ,&nbsp;Hermine V Mkrtchyan","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Despite MRSA's zoonotic nature, studies demonstrating the phylogenetic relatedness of animal isolates to other sources, including human clinical isolates, are scarce, especially in the Middle East.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyses of clonal complex (CC) 5 MRSA isolates recovered from goats and their farm environments in Saudi Arabia and isolates recovered from other sources worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MRSA isolates belonging to sequence type (ST) 6 recovered from goat nasal swabs and farm soil were phylogenetically related to MRSA isolates recovered from patients in Germany, Italy and the USA. Another isolate (ST5) from the goats’ milk was phylogenetically related to isolates recovered from the same hospital in Italy as the isolates belonging to ST6. The ST5 isolates from the goat’s nasal swab and drinking water were closely related to an MRSA isolate recovered from cheese in Austria and from patients in the USA. We found that there was a strong to moderate link of transmission of isolates belonging to CC5 from the USA to Saudi Arabia (ST6 Posterior Probability (PP) = 0.975, Bayes Factor (BF) = 179 and ST5 PP = 0.409, BF = 7). In addition, we found a moderate link of transmission from Germany (ST6 PP = 0.679, BF = 9) and Italy (ST6 PP = 0.489 BF = 4 and ST5 PP = 0.593 BF = 16). Although only seven MRSA isolates were detected, their close phylogenetic relatedness to human clinical isolates supports potential epidemiological significance and warrants further investigations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MRSA isolates recovered from goats were phylogenetically related to isolates known to cause infections in humans in the USA and Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the pivotal role of infectious diseases and clinical microbiology professional societies: A global survey","authors":"Heiman Wertheim ,&nbsp;Celine Pulcini ,&nbsp;Fee Johnstone ,&nbsp;Jeroen Schouten ,&nbsp;Souha S. Kanj ,&nbsp;Robert Skov","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The role of medical professional societies extends beyond the regulation of medical practice. They also facilitate lifelong learning among healthcare professionals. It is unknown how these societies function across the globe, particularly in the area of infectious disease. This is relevant considering the response to infection emergencies like pandemics and antibiotic resistance. Here, we assess the structure, activities, and involvement of infection-related societies worldwide, with a focus on their engagement in national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) action plans.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey was distributed in 2024 via the networks of the International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases to national medical societies with a role in infectious diseases. The survey collected data on governance, resources, and AMR-related activities. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and categorized by WHO regions and World Bank income classifications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighty-six societies from 62 countries responded. Most had structured governance, paid memberships, and annual work plans. However, 25 societies reported insufficient resources. Societies in low- and middle-income countries were generally younger and smaller. While most societies expressed willingness to contribute to AMR efforts, many were not formally recognized in national AMR strategies. Board governance was largely democratic, though funding and conflict of interest management varied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Professional societies are underutilized in AMR policy and implementation. Strengthening their governance, resources, and integration into national strategies – especially in low- and middle-income countries – can enhance their impact. International collaboration and mentorship can support capacity building and foster more effective global health responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus in rural China: Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility","authors":"Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Shuang Wang ,&nbsp;Yanru Chen ,&nbsp;Xinyu Xian ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Yu ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Yuzhen Chen ,&nbsp;Gaoxiang Sun ,&nbsp;Lixiao Cheng ,&nbsp;Ti Liu ,&nbsp;Zengqiang Kou","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigated the prevalence of nasal carriage, molecular characteristics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns, and phylogenetic relationships of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> among healthy individuals in rural communities in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nasal swabs were obtained from 646 asymptomatic residents across 10 villages. All <em>S. aureus</em> isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Comprehensive genomic analyses were performed to predict antibiotic resistance genes and to determine multilocus sequence typing (MLST), <em>spa</em> types, and <em>Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec</em> (SCCmec) classifications, along with other molecular features. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 646 nasal swabs collected from healthy individuals in rural communities, 48 <em>S. aureus</em> isolates were recovered. Among these, 16.67% (8/48) isolates were identified as methicillin-resistant <em>S. aureus</em> (MRSA), resulting in an overall MRSA carriage rate of 1.24% (8/646); 75% (36/48) of the isolates were identified as multidrug-resistant, and the resistance rates to penicillin and erythromycin were relatively high, at 95.83% (46/48) and 91.67% (44/48) respectively. In total, 23 <em>spa</em> types and 12 MLSTs were identified, with t34, ST398, and ST59 being the most prevalent. Dominant MRSA clones included ST59-t437-IVa and ST9-t899-XII. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close genetic relatedness between local isolates and strains of porcine origin or those previously reported in Germany, indicating potential interspecies and transboundary transmission pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlighted a concerning <em>S. aureus</em> AMR burden among healthy rural populations in China and provided molecular evidence supporting the existence of animal-environment-human transmission routes. These results underscored critical gaps in current One Health frameworks and called for urgent, integrated interventions to mitigate the complex and interconnected nature of AMR threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 41-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to oral antibiotics in Australia","authors":"Bethany Rachel O'Neill ,&nbsp;Andrew Ginn ,&nbsp;Menuk Jayawardena ,&nbsp;Indy Sandaradura","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In Australia, resistance to β-lactam-class antibiotics in Enterobacterales has increased. This study aimed to identify potential oral treatments for these multidrug-resistant infections by investigating four β-lactam (mecillinam, tebipenem, sulopenem, and faropenem) and three non-β-lactam (fosfomycin, omadacycline, and delafloxacin) antibiotics, and to elucidate the genetic resistance mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-four <em>Escherichia coli</em> and 24 <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, with extended-spectrum β-lactamase or plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases genes, were isolated from New South Wales hospital patients in 2021. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines with agar dilution for fosfomycin and mecillinam, and broth microdilution for the remaining antibiotics. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction and whole genome sequencing (Illumina) confirmed bacterial resistance mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The <em>E. coli</em> were mostly susceptible to mecillinam (97%), and had low MIC₉₀ to tebipenem, sulopenem, and faropenem (0.125 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 4 mg/L). <em>K. pneumoniae</em> were mostly susceptible to mecillinam (96%), and had a low MIC₉₀ to tebipenem and sulopenem, but higher MIC₉₀ to faropenem (2 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 8 mg/L). Moreover, the cases of <em>E. coli</em> were mostly susceptible to fosfomycin and omadacycline, but not delafloxacin (100%, 95%, and 16%); <em>K. pneumoniae</em> susceptibilities to these antibiotics were 92%, 50%, and 17%, respectively. Resistance mechanisms include <em>tet(A)</em> and <em>ramR</em> mutations for omadacycline; <em>gyrA, parC</em>, and <em>qnr</em> mutations for delafloxacin; and ompK36 gene deletions for fosfomycin, mecillinam, tebipenem, sulopenem, and faropenem.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The favourable results support the use of mecillinam, tebipenem, sulopenem, faropenem, fosfomycin, and omadacycline against multidrug-resistant <em>E. coli</em>. Mecillinam, sulopenem, and fosfomycin may be useful for multidrug-resistant <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 435-441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel ribosomal protection protein Tet(T2) in the tetracycline-resistant Clostridium tetani isolated from livestock bovine faeces","authors":"Chie Shitada ,&nbsp;Tomoko Kohda ,&nbsp;Motohide Takahashi ,&nbsp;Makoto Kuroda","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 432-434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission of fosD-carrying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST764 in East Asia: Evidence of human and livestock transmission","authors":"Lu Sun ,&nbsp;Haiping Wang ,&nbsp;Yeqiong Liu ,&nbsp;Yueqin Hong ,&nbsp;Feiteng Zhu ,&nbsp;Hemu Zhuang ,&nbsp;Zhengan Wang ,&nbsp;Yunsong Yu ,&nbsp;Yiyi Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the prevalence and to characterise <em>fosD</em> in the clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We screened 471 MRSA isolates for <em>fosD</em> using genomic sequencing and ResFinder, evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility, and performed nanopore sequencing, plasmid transfer via electroporation, molecular cloning of <em>fosD</em>, and phylogenetic analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 471 MRSA isolates, ten <em>fosD</em>-positive strains, which belonged to ST764, were identified in two teaching hospitals in Guangzhou. The MIC of fosfomycin in the identified <em>fosD</em>-positive strains was 16,384 mg/L. The <em>fosD</em> gene was located on the 36,202 bp plasmid pFOS-R1, which is homologous to pTZ2162 reported in Japan. Furthermore, comparative genomic analysis suggested that <em>fosD</em> has been disseminated across multiple <em>Staphylococcus</em> species while molecular cloning confirmed that <em>fosD</em> can mediate high-level fosfomycin resistance in RN4220. Phylogenetic analysis revealed <em>fosD</em>-positive ST764 strains from China, Japan and Thailand, which may imply the spread of ST764 MRSA in East Asia. Our <em>fosD</em>-positive ST764 strains were closely related to the previously reported <em>fosD</em>-positive ST764 strain collected from chickens in Guangzhou, implying the transmission of <em>fosD</em>-positive ST764 MRSA between humans and livestock.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>fosD-</em>carrying ST764 MRSA isolates are spreading across borders in East Asia, with clinical isolates from China, Japan, and Thailand, posing an increasing threat to public health. Fosfomycin should be prudently used under supervision in livestock. Furthermore, the cross-border spread of MRSA should be carefully monitored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 379-385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium from clinical and surveillance samples in northern Thailand","authors":"Natthida Nokkhiao ,&nbsp;Papatsara Jitta ,&nbsp;Sasarat Lonok ,&nbsp;Phadungkiat Khamnoi ,&nbsp;Usanee Wattananandkul ,&nbsp;Vanina Guernier ,&nbsp;Sukanya Saikaew ,&nbsp;Nathupakorn Dechsupa ,&nbsp;Maytawan Thanunchai","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections due to its multidrug resistance, environmental persistence, and high transmissibility. This study aimed to characterize clinical and surveillance VREfm isolates by examining antimicrobial resistance profiles, virulence gene distribution, biofilm formation, and genetic background.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 107 VREfm isolates (43 clinical, 64 surveillance) were collected from Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PCR detection of resistance and virulence genes, and biofilm formation using the crystal violet assay were performed. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted on four representative isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most clinical isolates (88.4%) were from urine samples, while all surveillance isolates were obtained from rectal swabs. The majority of patients (74–75%) were over 60 years old. All isolates exhibited resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and vancomycin, with some showing high-level gentamicin resistance. The <em>vanA</em> gene was detected in all isolates, corresponding with vancomycin MICs ≥64 µg/mL. Virulence genes esp, hyl, acm, and sagA were detected in 96.9–100% of isolates. Moderate biofilm formation was observed in 83.7% of clinical and 68.7% of surveillance isolates, particularly among those carrying multiple virulence genes. WGS identified two sequence types; ST17 and ST262, which shared similar resistance and virulence profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Clinical and surveillance VREfm isolates exhibited comparable resistance and virulence characteristics. These findings underscore the need for continuous surveillance of VREfm in hospitals, particularly among high-risk populations, to prevent infections and improve treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 371-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulent potential of KPC-2-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoS+ belonging to the high-risk clone ST654-O4 identified in Chilean Patagonia","authors":"Felipe Vásquez-Ponce ,&nbsp;Sebastian Cifuentes ,&nbsp;Herrison Fontana ,&nbsp;Johana Becerra ,&nbsp;Jesus G.M. Pariona ,&nbsp;Guilherme E. Paiva ,&nbsp;Estefania Alvarez ,&nbsp;Sofia Vorphal ,&nbsp;Aniela Wozniak ,&nbsp;Gabriel Gutkind ,&nbsp;Patricia C. García ,&nbsp;Nilton Lincopan","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 353-355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of blaKPC-2-carrying megaplasmid in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST1076: Genomic and functional insights","authors":"Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Weidong Zhu ,&nbsp;Chen Lin ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Haowei Ye ,&nbsp;Danfeng Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Carbapenem-resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (CRPA) poses a critical challenge to clinical treatment due to its multidrug resistance and genomic plasticity. Here, we report the genomic and functional characterization of an ST1076 <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate carrying <em>bla</em>_KPC-2 on a transferable plasmid.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Species identification was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and <em>bla</em>_KPC-2 was identified by polymerase chain reaction. The characteristics of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> L4884 were analysed by whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Plasmid characterization was carried out through S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE), Southern blotting, transconjugation experiments, and comparative genomic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The isolate, <em>P. aeruginosa</em> L4884, belonged to sequence type ST1076 and demonstrated resistance to multiple β-lactam antibiotics, including imipenem and meropenem. The <em>blaKPC-2</em> gene was located on a 394-kb IncP-2 megaplasmid, displaying a conserved genetic structure (IS<em>6100</em>-IS<em>Kpn27</em>-<em>bla</em>_KPC-2-IS<em>Kpn6</em>-<em>klcA</em>). Transconjugation experiments succeeded after repeated efforts, confirming the plasmid’s ability to transfer at 27°C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides new insights into the genetic basis of carbapenem resistance and underscores the need for enhanced surveillance and containment strategies to prevent the spread of CRPA in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 347-352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in poultry and cattle farms in India: Prevalence and survey-based risk factors","authors":"Hina Malik ,&nbsp;Randhir Singh ,&nbsp;Simranpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Neha Parmar ,&nbsp;Anuj Tyagi ,&nbsp;R.S. Aulakh ,&nbsp;Jatinder Paul Singh Gill","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Unregulated use of antibiotics in animal-production leads to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> (ESBL <em>E. coli</em>), posing significant public health threats. This study aimed to assess and compare the role of cattle and poultry, along with farmworkers, in the emergence and spread of ESBL <em>E. coli</em> using a human-animal interface approach in One-Health framework.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty cattle and 20 poultry farms in Ludhiana, India, were surveyed to determine antibiotic usage and biosecurity in farms. Animal faeces/poultry droppings, farmworkers hand swabs, and stool samples were examined for the presence of ESBL <em>E. coli</em>. The isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes. Generalized linear mixed models explored the variations in ESBL <em>E. coli</em> prevalence based on farm animal species, practices, and biosecurity measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A higher prevalence of ESBL <em>E. coli</em> was identified in poultry (63.5%) compared to cattle (46%) and farmworkers (12%), which aligns with higher antibiotic use in poultry (85%) than cattle (70%). Most isolates (86.52%) were MDR, with poultry farm isolates having 97% MDR and 90.7% carrying the <em>bla</em>_CTXM gene. Generalized linear mixed models analysis revealed improved biosecurity and low antibiotic use were associated with lower ESBL <em>E. coli</em> prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights cattle and poultry farms as reservoirs for MDR and ESBL <em>E. coli</em>, contributing to rising environmental burden of antimicrobial resistance genes. It underscores the need to reduce antibiotic use in animal farming, particularly poultry, to address emerging antibiotic resistance and protect both animal and human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 386-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}