Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis explores the impact of ofloxacin pressure on the metabolic state in Escherichia coli","authors":"Xiaoyu Yi ,&nbsp;Miao Feng ,&nbsp;Feng He ,&nbsp;Zonghui Xiao ,&nbsp;Yichuan Wang ,&nbsp;Shuowen Wang ,&nbsp;Hailan Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The rising threat of antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge to public health. The research on the new direction of resistance mechanisms is crucial for overcoming this hurdle. This study examines metabolic changes by comparing sensitive and experimentally induced ofloxacin-resistant <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) strains using multi-omics analyses, aiming to provide novel insights into bacterial resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An ofloxacin-resistant <em>E. coli</em> strain was selected by being exposed to high concentration of ofloxacin. Comparative analyses involving transcriptomics, proteomics, and acetylomics were conducted between the wild-type and the ofloxacin-resistant (<em>Re</em>-OFL) strains. Enrichment pathways of differentially expressed genes, proteins and acetylated proteins between the two strains were analysed using gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes method. In addition, the metabolic network of <em>E. coli</em> was mapped using integrated multi-omics analysis strategies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified significant differences in 2775 mRNAs, 1062 proteins, and 1015 acetylated proteins between wild-type and <em>Re</em>-OFL strains. Integrated omics analyses revealed that the common alterations enriched in metabolic processes, particularly the glycolytic pathway. Further analyses demonstrated that 14 metabolic enzymes exhibited upregulated acetylation levels and downregulated transcription and protein levels. Moreover, seven of these metabolic enzymes (<em>fba, tpi, gapA, pykA, sdhA, fumA</em>, and <em>mdh</em>) were components related to the glycolytic pathway.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The changes of metabolic enzymes induced by antibiotics seem to be a key factor for <em>E. coli</em> to adapt to the pressure of antibiotics, which shed new light on understanding the adaptation mechanism when responding to ofloxacin pressure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001516/pdfft?md5=bcc6276397401543bb8bc8729bdfe4fc&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001516-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of bacteriophage cocktail on urinary tract infection caused by colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice model","authors":"Alakh Narayan Singh ,&nbsp;Aprajita Singh ,&nbsp;Gopal Nath","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The colistin-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> causes complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). Of them, 73% of strains of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> formed moderate to strong biofilm. Multidrug-resistant (MDR)/Pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacteria causing UTIs are very challenging to conventional antibiotic therapy. However, bacteriophages may be a promising alternative as they easily disrupt the biofilm and act on receptors unrelated to antibiotic resistance mechanisms. This preclinical study evaluated the efficacy of a phage cocktail with different routes and dosages (in quantity and frequency) to eradicate the <em>K. pneumoniae</em>-associated UTI in the mice model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The three lytic phages with the broadest spectrum activity (ΦKpnBHU1, ΦKpnBHU2 and ΦKpnBHU3) were meticulously characterized using SEM and sequencing. The cocktails were administered to mice through urethral, rectal, subcutaneous and oral routes after establishing the UTI with 1 × 10⁸ colony-forming unit/mouse (CFU/mouse) of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (KpnBHU09) resistant to both the drugs carbapenem and colistin. The efficacy of different routes with varying dosages and frequency of administration was thoroughly optimized.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We observed that two doses of a phage cocktail containing 1 × 10⁵ Plaque-Forming Unit (PFU/mouse) and a single dose of 1 × 10⁹ PFU/mouse per urethra could eradicate KpnBHU09. Intriguingly, the non-invasive administration through oral and rectal routes required higher concentration and many dosages of phages to eliminate KpnBHU09 at any stage of acute UTI. The subcutaneous route was found unsatisfactory in curing the infection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Bacteriophage cocktails administered through transurethral, oral and rectal routes may cure UTIs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 41-53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001504/pdfft?md5=927f35137921b64a4fe494ed8a160094&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001504-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KSA-1, a naturally occurring Ambler class A extended spectrum β-lactamase from the enterobacterial species Kosakonia sacchari","authors":"Claudine Fournier ,&nbsp;Patrice Nordmann ,&nbsp;Jose-Manuel Ortìz de la Rosa ,&nbsp;Ayda Kusaksizoglu ,&nbsp;Laurent Poirel","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Several bacterial species belonging to the <em>Gammaproteobacteria</em> possess intrinsic class A β-lactamase genes that may represent a source of further dissemination and acquisition to other Gram-negative species. Here we characterised KSA-1 class A β-lactamase, the gene of which was identified within the chromosome of an environmental Enterobacterales species, namely <em>Kosakonia sacchari</em>, which was also recently identified as the progenitor of an MCR-like colistin-resistance determinant.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In silico analysis using the GenBank database identified a class A β-lactamase gene within the chromosome of <em>K. sacchari</em> SP1 (GenBank accession no. WP_017456759). The corresponding protein KSA-1 shared 63% amino acid identity with the intrinsic CKO-1 from <em>Citrobacter koseri</em> and 53% with TEM-1. Using the <em>K. sacchari</em> DSM 100203 reference strain as a template, <em>bla</em>_KSA-1 was amplified, cloned into the plasmid pUCp24 and expressed in <em>Escherchia coli</em> TOP10. Minimal inhibitory concentrations and kinetic parameters were obtained from the purified enzyme.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>K. sacchari</em> strain SP1 conferred resistance to amino-, carboxy- and ureido-penicillins only. Once produced within <em>E. coli</em>, KSA-1 showed a typical clavulanic acid-inhibited extended spectrum β-lactamase associated with a peculiar temocillin resistance profile. Kinetic assays were performed using a purified extract of KSA-1 and demonstrated a high hydrolysis rate for benzylpenicillin and piperacillin, as well as weakly extended spectrum cephalosporins. Determination of inhibitory constants showed 50% inhibitory concentration values of 2.2, 3 and 1.8 nM for clavulanic acid, tazobactam and avibactam, respectively. Analysis of sequences surrounding the <em>bla</em>_KSA-1 gene did not reveal any mobile element that could have been involved in the acquisition of this β-lactamase gene in that species.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>KSA-1 is a class A extended spectrum β-lactamase distantly related to known extended spectrum or broad-spectrum Ambler class A β-lactamases, which is highly resistant to temocillin. The <em>bla</em>_KSA-1 gene could be considered as intrinsic within the species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001413/pdfft?md5=392f7b968cc0284a79adaa986b33316d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001413-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospital in Nepal","authors":"Masafumi Sakuma ,&nbsp;Mari Tohya ,&nbsp;Tomomi Hishinuma ,&nbsp;Jeevan B. Sherchand ,&nbsp;Teruo Kirikae ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Tada","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> has become a serious worldwide medical problem. This study was designed to clarify the genetic and epidemiological properties of MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> clinical isolates.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 66 MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates were obtained from 66 inpatients between May 2019 and February 2020 in a university hospital in Nepal. Whole genomes of these isolates were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic trees were constructed from single nucleotide polymorphism concatemers. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clonal complex (CC) analysis were conducted, and drug-resistance genes were identified.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 66 isolates, 26 harboured a gene encoding NDM-type metallo-β-lactamase, and 55 harboured a gene encoding the 16S rRNA methyltransferase, ArmA. All isolates had point mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining regions of <em>gyrA</em> and <em>parC</em>. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 55 isolates harboured <em>armA,</em> 26 harboured <em>bla</em>_NDM-1, and14 harboured <em>bla</em>_PER-7. Multilocus sequence typing and CC analysis revealed that 34 isolates belonged to CC2 (ST2), 10 to CC1 (nine ST1 and one ST623), and eight to CC149 (ST149). Compared to our previous study on MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> in Nepal in 2012, the isolation rate of CC2 increased, whereas that of CC149 decreased between 2012 and 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study indicates that MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> producing carbapenemase and 16S rRNA methyltransferase, with high resistance to carbapenems and/or aminoglycosides, are spreading in medical settings in Nepal. The genetic backgrounds of MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates have shifted to international clone 2 over several years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"38 ","pages":"Pages 363-367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001486/pdfft?md5=1bc0b27244ef6b7d306bb9db8be7b3c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001486-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the evolution of macrolides resistance: A mini review","authors":"Nur Asyura Nor Amdan ,&nbsp;Nur Atikah Shahrulzamri ,&nbsp;Rohaidah Hashim ,&nbsp;Norashirene Mohamad Jamil","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Macrolides inhibit the growth of bacterial cells by preventing the elongation of polypeptides during protein biosynthesis and include natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic products. Elongation prevention occurs by blocking the passage of the polypeptide chain as the macrolides bind at the nascent peptide exit tunnel.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Recent data of ribosome profiling via ribo-seq further proves that, other than blocking the polypeptide chain, macrolides are also able to affect the synthesis of individual proteins. Thus, this shows that the mode of action of macrolides is more complex than we initially thought. Since the discovery of macrolides in the 1950s, they have been widely used in veterinary practice, agriculture, and medicine. Due to misuse and overuse of antibiotics, bacteria have acquired resistance against them. Hence, it is of utmost importance for us to fully understand the mode of action of macrolides as well as the mechanisms of resistance against macrolides in order to mitigate antibiotic-resistance issues.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Chemical modifications can be performed to improve macrolide potency if we have a better understanding of their mode of action. Furthermore, a complete and detailed understanding of the mode of action of macrolides has remained vague, as new findings have challenged theories that are already in existence—due to this obscurity, research into macrolide modes of action continues to this day.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this review, we present an overview of macrolide antibiotics, with an emphasis on the latest knowledge regarding the mode of action of macrolides as well as the mechanisms of resistance employed by bacteria against macrolides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"38 ","pages":"Pages 368-375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001474/pdfft?md5=08cc73f5ea14a81dd49aeb2599265129&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001474-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella quasipneumoniae ST688 (NDM-1) and Klebsiella michiganensis ST40 (KPC-2) in food destined for hospitalized patients","authors":"Bianca L.V. Godoy ,&nbsp;Marlon do Valle Barroso ,&nbsp;Karine Dantas ,&nbsp;Vitória G.T. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Taís P. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Caroline Atuí ,&nbsp;Ana C. Valle ,&nbsp;Bruna Fuga ,&nbsp;Nilton Lincopan ,&nbsp;Mara C.L. Nogueira ,&nbsp;Tiago Casella","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><em>Klebsiella</em> spp. are leading causes of nosocomial infections. Their ability to harbour antimicrobial resistance genes makes them an important public health threat. This study aimed to report the genomic background of carbapenemase-producing <em>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae</em> (HV55B) and <em>Klebsiella michiganensis</em> (HV55D) strains isolated from fresh vegetables destined for hospitalized inpatients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Microbiological and molecular methods were used to isolate and identify the strains, which were submitted to the antimicrobial susceptibility test and pH tolerance assays. Whole genome sequencing was performed on MiSeq and NextSeq platforms, and online available tools were applied to bioinformatic analysis of clinically relevant information.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both isolates were considered multidrug-resistant and tolerated pH ≥ 4 for 24 h. HV55B belonged to sequence type (ST) ST668, and presented a broad resistome and plasmids from four incompatibility groups. HV55D belonged to ST40. Both strains HV55B and HV55D were genetically close to isolates responsible for human infections around the world, which stands for the plausibility of such bacteria to cause disease in patients of the studied institution.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results confirm the presence of carbapenemase-producing <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. in fresh foodstuffs intended for hospitalized inpatients’ consumption. The genomes characterized here also provide clinically and genomically relevant information to forthcoming epidemiological surveillance studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001462/pdfft?md5=e4fcf770235a8f6acbee2b92da1ecd55&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001462-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased biofilm-associated carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus–baumannii complex infections among hospitalised patients in Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal","authors":"Shova Bhandari ,&nbsp;Milan Kumar Upreti ,&nbsp;Khadga Bikram Angbuhang ,&nbsp;Basudha Shrestha ,&nbsp;Upendra Thapa Shrestha","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001437/pdfft?md5=4d5f101ffadf26217c2ab21966199665&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001437-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UPC2 mutations and development of azole resistance in Candida albicans hospital isolates from Lebanon","authors":"Nour Fattouh ,&nbsp;Dana Hdayed ,&nbsp;Ahmad Hijazi ,&nbsp;Sima Tokajian ,&nbsp;Roy A. Khalaf","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study evaluated the role of Upc2 in the development of azole resistance in <em>Candida albicans</em> isolates from Lebanese hospitalized patients and determined a correlation between resistance and virulence.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The <em>UPC2</em> gene which codes for an ergosterol biosynthesis regulator was sequenced and analysed in two azole-resistant and one azole-susceptible <em>C. albicans</em> isolates. An amino acid substitution screening was carried out on Upc2 with a focus on its ligand binding domain (LBD) known to interact with ergosterol. Then, Upc2 protein secondary structure prediction and homology modelling were conducted, followed by total plasma membrane ergosterol and cell wall chitin quantifications. For virulence, mouse models of systemic infection were generated and an agar adhesion and invasion test was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Azole-resistant isolates harboured novel amino acid substitutions in the LBD of Upc2 and changes in protein secondary structures were observed. In addition, these isolates exhibited a significant increase in plasma membrane ergosterol content. Resistance and virulence were inversely correlated while increased cell wall chitin concentration does not seem to be linked to resistance since even though we observed an increase in chitin concentration, it was not statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The azole-resistant <em>C. albicans</em> isolates harboured novel amino acid substitutions in the LBD of Upc2 which are speculated to induce an increase in plasma membrane ergosterol content, preventing the binding of azoles to their target, resulting in resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"38 ","pages":"Pages 341-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001401/pdfft?md5=732851a1ab22b57538a82367d3fb8c75&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001401-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141766240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological pattern and genomic insights into multidrug-resistant ST491 Acinetobacter baumannii BD20 isolated from an infected wound in Bangladesh: Concerning co-occurrence of three classes of beta lactamase genes","authors":"Israt Islam ,&nbsp;Badriya Mubashshira ,&nbsp;Spencer Mark Mondol ,&nbsp;Otun Saha ,&nbsp;M. Shaminur Rahman ,&nbsp;Afroza Khan ,&nbsp;Amiruzzaman ,&nbsp;Md. Mizanur Rahaman","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> is a major issue within healthcare facilities in Bangladesh due to its frequent association with hospital-acquired infections. In this study we report on a carbapenem-resistant draft genome sequence of an <em>A. baumannii</em> BD20 sample isolated from an infected wound in Bangladesh.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><em>A. baumannii</em> BD20 was isolated from an infected burn wound. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out and annotated using PGAP and Prokka. Sequence type, antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factor genes, and metal resistance genes were investigated. Core genome multilocus sequence typing–based phylogenomic analysis between <em>A. baumannii</em> BD20 and 213 <em>A. baumannii</em> strains retrieved from the NCBI GenBank database was performed using the BacWGSTdb 2.0 server.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>A. baumannii</em> BD20 (MLST 491) was resistant to all the antibiotics tested, except for colistin and polymyxin B. Along with many other antibiotic resistance genes, the isolate harbored three classes of beta lactamase–producing genes: <em>bla</em>_GES-11 (class A), <em>bla</em>_OXA-69 (class D), <em>bla</em>_ADC-10 (class C), and <em>bla</em>_ADC-11 (class C). Additionally, the strain carried several virulence genes and metal resistance determinants, which may contribute to its increased virulence. Core genome MLST–based phylogenomic analysis revealed that <em>A. baumannii</em> BD20 was closely related to another ST491 strain isolated from Singapore.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings of this study underscore the growing challenge of MDR <em>A. baumannii</em>, emphasizing the need for vigilant surveillance and infection-control measures in healthcare settings in order to address these emerging threats effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"38 ","pages":"Pages 327-331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001395/pdfft?md5=c90865ae9f0839867ab7ef6c308f03b5&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001395-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141766239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibilities, resistance mechanisms and molecular characteristics of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile isolates in a large teaching hospital in Chongqing, China","authors":"Zijun Dang,&nbsp;Bingxue Yang,&nbsp;Peiwen Xia,&nbsp;Jinzhu Huang,&nbsp;Jiajia Liao,&nbsp;Yuqiong Li,&nbsp;Shiyu Tang,&nbsp;Qi Han,&nbsp;Shengli Luo,&nbsp;Yun Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><em>Clostridioides difficile</em> ranks among the primary sources of healthcare-related infections and diarrhoea in numerous nations. We evaluated the drug susceptibility and resistance mechanisms of <em>C. difficile</em> isolates from a hospital in Chongqing, China, and identified resistance rates and resistance mechanisms that differed from previous findings.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The toxin genes and drug resistance genes of clinical strains were detected using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and these strains were subjected to Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). The agar dilution technique was employed for assessing susceptibility of antibiotics. Clinical data collection was completed through a review of electronic medical records.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 67 strains of toxin-producing <em>C. difficile</em> were detected. All <em>C. difficile</em> isolates demonstrated susceptibility to both metronidazole and vancomycin. However, resistance was observed in 8.95%, 16.42%, 56.72%, 56.72%, 31.34% and 5.97% of the isolates for tigecycline, tetracycline, clindamycin, erythromycin, moxifloxacin and rifampin, respectively. Among the strains with toxin genotypes A + B + CDT - and belonging to the ST3, six strains exhibited reduced susceptibility to tigecycline (MIC=0.5mg/L) and tetracycline (MIC=8mg/L). The <em>tetA(P)</em> and <em>tetB(P)</em> genes were present in these six strains, but were absent in tetracycline-resistant strains. Resistance genes (<em>ermB, tetM, tetA(P)</em> and <em>tetB(P)</em>) and mutations (in <em>gyrA, gyrB</em>, and <em>rpoB</em>) were identified in resistant strains.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In contrast to prior studies, we found higher proportions of ST3 isolates with decreased tigecycline sensitivity, sharing similar resistance patterns and resistance genes. In the resistance process of tigecycline and tetracycline, the <em>tetA(P)</em> and <em>tetB(P)</em> genes may play a weak role.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"38 ","pages":"Pages 198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001383/pdfft?md5=64886bf1fb49bd1132f375290153d0a9&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001383-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}