Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Standardizing multidrug resistance definitions and visualizations to support surveillance across One Health","authors":"Claudia Cobo Angel ,&nbsp;Ava Glowney ,&nbsp;Emma Lin ,&nbsp;Abdolreza Mosaddegh ,&nbsp;Kurtis Sobkowich ,&nbsp;Zvonimir Poljak ,&nbsp;J. Scott Weese ,&nbsp;Casey L. Cazer","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to understand the current use of visualizations for multidrug resistance (MDR) data across the One Health spectrum and the visualization preferences and definitions of MDR used by antimicrobial resistance experts, with emphasis on the animal health sector of One Health, which lacks standardized MDR definitions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A rapid scoping review was conducted to synthesize current approaches to visualize MDR. Six databases and grey literature were searched with antimicrobial, resistance, surveillance, and figure or dashboard terms. An active machine learning model was used for the initial screening of references. An online survey was distributed to self-identified antimicrobial resistance experts, including questions about respondents’ country of employment, job position, definitions of MDR, and preferences for MDR metrics and visualizations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bar charts, visual antibiograms, heat maps, and network graphs were the most common visualizations employed in peer-reviewed publications, websites, and reports. Survey respondents preferred simplistic visualizations, such as line graphs and heat maps. Respondents used a variety of MDR definitions, although resistance to three or more antimicrobial categories was the most common. Some respondents advocated for the exclusion of intrinsic resistance in the definition, while others argued for its inclusion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite historic proposals for standardizing international definitions of MDR, a lack of consensus remains. Respondents also expressed different preferences for MDR visualizations. Some visualizations currently in use, such as network graphs, are complex and may be challenging to interpret. Harmonization of MDR definitions and optimization of visualizations are essential to facilitate comparisons across populations and studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 173-179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cefiderocol activity against planktonic and biofilm forms of β-lactamase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa from people with cystic fibrosis","authors":"Giorgia Fabrizio ,&nbsp;Mauro Truglio ,&nbsp;Ilaria Cavallo ,&nbsp;Francesca Sivori ,&nbsp;Massimo Francalancia ,&nbsp;Rodolfo J. Riveros Cabral ,&nbsp;Manola Comar ,&nbsp;Maria Trancassini ,&nbsp;Daniele Emanuele Compagnino ,&nbsp;Fabiana Diaco ,&nbsp;Guido Antonelli ,&nbsp;Fiorentina Ascenzioni ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Cimino ,&nbsp;Fulvia Pimpinelli ,&nbsp;Enea Gino Di Domenico","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Objectives:</em> Chronic <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> infections are a leading cause of acute pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Intrinsic antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation complicate treatment. This study investigates the genomic diversity and cefiderocol efficacy against planktonic and biofilm-associated forms of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolates from pwCF.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Eight <em>P. aeruginosa</em> clinical isolates and three laboratory strains underwent whole genome sequencing (WGS). Biofilm formation was assessed through biomass, cell count, metabolic activity, and extracellular DNA (eDNA). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC₉₀) and biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC₉₀) were also determined.</div><div><em>Results:</em> WGS revealed significant genomic diversity, identifying ten distinct sequence types (STs). Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) showed that 10/11 strains were susceptible to cefiderocol, with one isolate (MPA9) displaying resistance linked to the <em>bla</em>_OXA486 gene. Adding the β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam (AVI) restored susceptibility in this resistant strain. Although iron metabolism genes were highly conserved across isolates, MPA9 lacked the <em>fpvA</em> iron receptor, potentially contributing to cefiderocol resistance. Biofilm formation significantly increased tolerance to cefiderocol, with an 8-fold rise in MBEC₉₀ compared to MBC₉₀.</div><div>Conclusion: These findings highlight the genomic diversity and adaptive potential of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> in pwCF. Cefiderocol shows promise against planktonic and biofilm-associated <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, and combining it with AVI may counteract β-lactamase-mediated resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and genomic features of clinical isolates of the Elizabethkingia genus in Taizhou City, China","authors":"Yingying Cai ,&nbsp;Qingxin Shi ,&nbsp;Sufei Yu ,&nbsp;Haohao Li ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Donglian Wang ,&nbsp;Tao-Hsin Tung ,&nbsp;Bo Shen ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Elizabethkingia</em> species usually exhibit resistance to multiple antibiotics, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy is a major cause of mortality in patients with <em>Elizabethkingia</em> infection. Our study aimed to comprehensively analyse and compare the genomic and clinical features of three <em>Elizabethkingia</em> species.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry and whole-genome sequencing were used to identify 88 <em>Elizabethkingia</em> isolates from 88 patients in the past 6 y. Phylogenetic tree and Sankey diagram analysis were used to compare the strains with metallo-β-lactamase resistance genes and 49 <em>Elizabethkingia miricola</em> strains with evolutionary relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The identified <em>Elizabethkingia</em> species included <em>Elizabethkingia anophelis</em> (65/88, 73.9%), <em>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</em> (8/88, 9.1%), and <em>E. miricola</em> (15/88, 17.0%). Multivariate analysis showed that co-isolated with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (odds ratio: 40.83, 95% confidence interval: 3.05–546.29, <em>P</em> = 0.005) and antimicrobial exposure to carbapenems (odds ratio: 5.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–248.32, <em>P</em> = 0.050) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed all 88 strains with 22 <em>Bla</em>_{<em>BlaB</em>} and 19 <em>Bla</em>_<em>GOB</em> variants. In particular, the specific combinations of BlaB and GOB subtypes differed in three <em>Elizabethkingia</em> species. All <em>Elizabethkingia</em> species harboured drug-resistance genes <em>adeF, vanT,</em> and <em>vanW</em> and shared 32 virulence-associated genes. Global phylogenetic evolution of <em>E. miricola</em> showed a dispersal in Chinese clinical isolates and did not display outbreak possibility.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Variations in resistance and virulence genes are associated with the natural resistance and pathogenicity of <em>Elizabethkingia</em>. Increased genomic monitoring is recommended for a deeper understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of <em>Elizabethkingia</em> spp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 162-172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous hydrogen sulphide sensitizes carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii to gentamicin","authors":"Nicolas Helsens ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Findlay ,&nbsp;Maxime Bouvier ,&nbsp;Patrice Nordmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Carbapenem-resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> pose a major public health threat. These bacteria often display broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance, rendering them resistant to nearly all classes of antibiotics. Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), a compound naturally produced by many bacterial species, has been proposed to exert a protective effect against certain antibiotics. However, <em>A. baumannii</em> does not produced H₂S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To investigate the effect of exogenous H₂S on antibiotic resistance, several clinical isolates of carbapenemase-producing <em>A. baumannii</em> were cultured under various conditions, including the presence or absence of H₂S and/or sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and meropenem. Bacterial growth was assessed at multiple time points to evaluate growth dynamics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exogenous H₂S alone had a limited impact on bacterial growth. However, its addition reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration of gentamicin and sensitized the bacteria to sub-inhibitory concentrations of this antibiotic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the potential of H₂S as an antibiotic potentiator, suggesting that the use of this combination may be a promising strategy for treating pulmonary infections caused by <em>A. baumannii</em> or for preventing colonization on medical devices such as catheters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 198-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single nucleotide polymorphisms and penicillin non-susceptibility among invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae from Vietnam and India: Insights from a comparative genomics study","authors":"Avani Panickar ,&nbsp;Anand Manoharan ,&nbsp;Sudha Ramaiah","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> (<em>S. pneumoniae</em>) is a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality across all age groups. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly penicillin resistance, is a significant treatment challenge. The study investigates AMR patterns among <em>S. pneumoniae</em> isolates from Vietnam, a country with high penicillin non-susceptibility, and India which in comparison has lower penicillin non-susceptibility. The present study focuses on penicillin resistance-associated genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that contribute to pathogenicity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Invasive <em>S. pneumoniae</em> belonging to serotypes 23F (<em>n</em> = 13) and 19F (<em>n</em> = 20) genome sequences from Vietnam (<em>n</em> = 13) and India (<em>n</em> = 20) were retrieved and annotated to identify core genes. These genes were screened for antimicrobial resistance using the database. The genome sequences were mapped to a reference genome to detect the gene variants and were analysed for identifying specific mutations that contribute to pathogenicity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Annotations identified <em>pbp1a, pbp2b</em>, and <em>pbp2x</em> (<em>pbpX</em>) as relevant AMR genes. In Vietnam, <em>pbpX</em> was a core gene, with 41 SNPs detected, of which 7 were deleterious mutations contributing to penicillin resistance. In contrast, <em>pbpX</em> was completely absent in the Indian genomes analysed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The current study highlights the genetic basis of penicillin non-susceptibility among invasive <em>S. pneumoniae</em> serotypes 23F and 19F and focuses on regional variations in resistance between India and Vietnam. The <em>pbpX</em> was identified as a core gene among penicillin-resistant pneumococci in Vietnam. In India, the absence of <em>pbpX</em> highlights genomic diversity, distinct from the uniformity observed in Vietnamese genomes. The study further predicts that deleterious SNPs are associated with pathogenicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 120-129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of β-lactam resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella Isolates: Phenotypic and genotypic insights from clinical samples in Japan","authors":"Hazim O. Khalifa ,&nbsp;Shizuo Kayama ,&nbsp;Hazem Ramadan ,&nbsp;Liansheng Yu ,&nbsp;Wataru Hayashi ,&nbsp;Yo Sugawara ,&nbsp;Sayaka Uchino Kondo ,&nbsp;Farah Al Marzooq ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Motoyuki Sugai","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examines β-lactam-resistant non-typhoidal <em>Salmonella</em> isolates using phenotypic and genotypic analyses to elucidate resistance mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 1663 clinical <em>Salmonella</em> spp. isolates were collected (1994–2016), with 122 exhibiting β-lactam resistance, confirmed via antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance mechanisms were further explored through genotypic analysis by whole genome sequencing, plasmid characterization, and phylogenomic investigations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All isolates were resistant to at least one β-lactam. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was notable, while carbapenem resistance was rare (0.8%). High resistance was observed for minocycline (36.9%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (28.7%), whereas resistance to fluoroquinolones (3.3%–5.7%), aminoglycosides (0.8%–8.2%), and tigecycline (8.2%) was low. All isolates remained susceptible to fosfomycin, and 21.3% exhibited multidrug resistance. Genotypic analysis identified diverse serotypes and sequence types, with <em>S</em>. Typhimurium and ST19 being predominant. The most common β-lactamase gene was <em>bla</em>_TEM, followed by <em>bla</em>_CARB-2, with significant correlations between β-lactam and aminoglycoside resistance genes. Plasmid analysis revealed a high prevalence of plasmid carriage, with IncFII(S) and IncFIB(S) being predominant, strongly associated with antimicrobial resistance genes. Phylogenetic analysis provided insights into the global dissemination of <em>Salmonella</em>, particularly those carrying <em>mcr-9</em>, while clustering analysis revealed shared genetic patterns among isolates sourced from different hosts, highlighting the potential for cross-species transmission.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings underscore the complex interplay of resistance mechanisms and emphasize the need for integrated surveillance and intervention strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance in <em>Salmonella</em>, reinforcing the necessity for ongoing public health efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 98-110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on epidemiology and mortality risk factors in patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Thailand","authors":"Darunee Chotiprasitsakul ,&nbsp;Korchart Ao-udomsuk ,&nbsp;Pitak Santanirand","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the epidemiology of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> isolates and bloodstream infections (BSIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>A. baumannii</em> isolated from clinical specimens were identified between 2019 and 2023. The quarterly incidence of carbapenem-resistant <em>A. baumannii</em> (CRAB) was described. Hospital-wide carbapenem consumption was quantified as defined daily doses (DDD). Risk factors for CRAB acquisition and 30-day all-cause mortality in CRAB BSIs were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 400 new CRAB cases were identified. The incidence of total CRAB clinical isolates fluctuated (<em>P</em> = 0.68), while the incidence of CRAB BSIs increased (<em>P</em> = 0.04). No correlation was found between CRAB incidence and hospital-wide carbapenem consumption (<em>P</em> = 0.93). There were 75 CRAB BSI cases and 47 non-carbapenem-resistant <em>A. baumannii</em> (NCRAB) BSI cases. Prior antibiotic exposure (aOR 8.67; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and presence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) within 90 days (aOR 4.63; <em>P</em> = 0.02) were significantly associated with CRAB BSI acquisition. CRAB BSIs had higher 30-day mortality (66.67%) than NCRAB BSIs (25.53%) (aHR 0.83, 95% CI 0.26–2.59; <em>P</em> = 0.74). Pitt bacteremia score (aHR 1.20; <em>P</em> = 0.01) and recent COVID-19 infection (aHR 2.86; <em>P</em> = 0.03) were independent predictors of mortality in CRAB BSIs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The incidence of total CRAB clinical isolates fluctuated, while the incidence of CRAB BSIs significantly increased. Previous antimicrobial exposure and presence of MDROs within 90 days were risk factors for CRAB. Pitt bacteremia score and recent COVID-19 infection were linked to higher CRAB BSI mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring households’ access and utilization of antibiotics for their livestock: A cross-sectional study in Ghana and Burkina Faso","authors":"Elisenda Cama i Gibernau ,&nbsp;Ralf Krumkamp ,&nbsp;Leslie Mawuli Aglanu ,&nbsp;Alphonse Zakane ,&nbsp;Albrecht Jahn ,&nbsp;Ali Sié ,&nbsp;John Humphrey Amuasi ,&nbsp;Aurélia Souares","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The irrational use of antibiotics in animals contributes to antimicrobial resistance. This study examines factors influencing access to veterinary services and antibiotic use among livestock-owning households in the Asante Akim North District, Ghana, and the Nouna District, Burkina Faso.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In Burkina Faso, a simple randomization was carried out, whereas in Ghana, double-stage cluster sampling was applied. A cross-sectional survey collected sociodemographic and economic data, along with information on veterinary access and antibiotic use. The data collection was conducted between February and March 2023 in Ghana, and from July to November 2023 in Burkina Faso. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and logistic regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the sampled households, 415 (37.3%) in Ghana and 521 (51.5%) in Burkina Faso owned livestock. Antibiotics were administered to both sick and healthy animals, mainly amoxicillin (22%) in Ghana and tetracycline (7.25%) in Burkina Faso. In Ghana, individuals with no religious affiliation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01–0.48, <em>P</em> = 0.008), and semi-urban residents (aOR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.21–0.54, <em>P</em> = &gt; 0.001) had lower access to veterinary services, whereas those in the highest socioeconomic quartile had greater access (aOR = 3.38, 95% CI = 1.82–6.27, <em>P</em> = &gt; 0.001). In Burkina Faso, socioeconomic status (SES) and residence are confounding factors. Stratified analysis showed semi-urban residents and wealthier groups had better veterinary access, unlike rural populations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a need to address antibiotic use through stronger regulations, improved access to veterinary services, and targeted education programs to prevent antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among populations in West Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular typing and clinical characteristics of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A retrospective study","authors":"Jiayiren Li ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Zirou Ouyang ,&nbsp;Minghui Ren ,&nbsp;Jianhong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The increasing incidence of <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> infection (CDI) has been associated with poorer prognosis of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, relevant data are limited in China. The aim of this study was to clarify the molecular types and clinical characteristics of <em>C. difficile</em> in IBD patients in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Stool samples were collected, cultured anaerobically, and tested for glutamate dehydrogenase and <em>C. difficile</em> toxins A and B. Toxigenic <em>C. difficile</em> isolates were subjected to multi-locus sequence typing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clinical data were collected to compare IBD and non-IBD patients with CDI, and to determine the risk factors associated with CDI in IBD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of CDI was significantly higher in IBD patients than non-IBD patients (27.2% vs. 9.0%, respectively). Among IBD patients, the dominant sequence types (STs) were ST54 (20.2%), ST2 (14.9%), ST3 (14.9%), and ST42 (13.2%). The STs with the highest multidrug resistance rates were ST37 (100%), ST35 (100%), and ST42 (73.3%). In IBD patients, hospitalization within 6 months and use of 5-aminosalicylic acid were independent risk factors for CDI. Other risk factors included the use of proton pump inhibitors, immunosuppressants, and corticosteroids.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The incidence of CDI was significantly higher in IBD patients than non-IBD patients. Surveillance of CDI in hospitalized patients should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of CDI in IBD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 188-197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of novel phages with antibiotic combinations against ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia Coli","authors":"Md Shamsuzzaman ,&nbsp;Shukho Kim ,&nbsp;Jungmin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The emergence of extended-spectrum <em>β</em>-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <em>E. coli</em> and carbapenem-resistant <em>E. coli</em> (CREC) is a significant global health challenge. This study focuses on isolating and characterizing two novel phages, EC.W1–9 and EC.W15–4, and investigating their efficacy with antibiotics against these resistant <em>E. coli</em><strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vivo</em> experiments were conducted using BALB/c mice, and <em>E.coli</em> isolates were collected, cultured, and evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility. Phages were isolated from hospital sewage and prepared to infect the <em>E. coli</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The isolated phages, EC.W1–9 and EC.W15–4, belonged to the <em>Podoviridae</em> and <em>Straboviridae</em> families, and lack integrase or toxin-coding genes, indicating safety for therapeutic use. The combination of these phages significently enhanced their lytic ability, lysing 61.7% of 60 <em>E. coli</em> isolates, compared to 41.6%–55% lysis by individual phages. Furthermore, the phage combination demonstrated 100% susceptibility against different <em>E. coli</em> sequence types, including ST73, ST648, ST2311, ST405, ST7962, ST131, ST13003, and ST167. Additionally, synergy between antibiotics and phage combinations improved susceptibility rates to 73.3% for ESBL producers and 54% for CREC. The combined treatment of isolated phages and antibiotics significantly increased survival rates in BALB/c mice exposed to resistant STs of <em>E.coli</em>, including ST131, ST648, and ST410. Survival rates against ST131 increased by approximately 75% and 50% compared to treatment individual phages. Combined treatment with two phages and antibiotics resulted in 75–100% survival against <em>E. coli</em> ST410 and 100% survival against ST648</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the therapeutic importance of phage and phage-antibiotic combinations in combating ESBL-producing <em>E. coli</em> and CREC isolates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 86-97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}