Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Genomic similarity of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales collected from mothers and their neonates","authors":"Priyanka Basak ,&nbsp;Sharmi Naha ,&nbsp;Kirsty Sands ,&nbsp;Subhajit Dutta ,&nbsp;Suchandra Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Bijan Saha ,&nbsp;Timothy R. Walsh ,&nbsp;Sulagna Basu","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase is endemic in India and the gut may act as a reservoir of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE). Maternal gut colonisation with <em>bla</em>_NDM-harbouring CPE increases the risk of neonatal gut colonisation. This study aimed to assess the vertical transmission of CPE from pregnant mothers (rectal) to neonates (rectal and blood).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Rectal samples were collected and processed for the presence of CPE, followed by bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility. Mother–neonate pairs colonised with the same species underwent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole-genome sequencing to examine genetic relatedness. Detection of <em>bla</em>_NDM variants and their transmissibility was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the pregnant mothers (<em>n</em> = 86) and sick neonates (<em>n</em> = 93) analysed, eight mother–neonate pairs harboured similar carbapenem-resistant species, predominantly <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, followed by <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole-genome sequencing revealed that most isolates from mother–neonate pairs were distinct and distributed within diverse sequence types, including epidemic clones (ST11/15/147/405/410). <em>bla</em>_NDM-1/5/7 were detected in CPE and predominantly associated with conjugative IncFII and IncFII(K) replicons. Genomic analysis supported one case of vertical transmission (ST147; <em>bla</em>_NDM-1-positive <em>K. pneumoniae</em>) from mother to a neonate. Further investigation of exogenous sources is required to understand the acquisition of bacteria. No evidence of transmission of <em>bla</em>_NDM-harbouring plasmids within mother–neonate pairs carrying distinct isolates was observed, indicating the independent acquisition of bacteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although limited evidence of mother-to-neonate transmission was observed in this study, screening of the gut is necessary to understand CPE transmission in hospital settings and beyond. Targeted surveillance and infection-prevention policies are needed to curb CPE spread.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 166-179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144284964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity of aztreonam-avibactam and ceftazidime-avibactam against β-lactamase-producing enterobacterales Isolates from United States hospitals","authors":"Lalitagauri M Deshpande,&nbsp;Timothy B Doyle,&nbsp;Helio S Sader,&nbsp;Mariana Castanheira","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Enterobacterales isolates producing β-lactamases are widespread and threaten the use of β-lactams. This study evaluated the activity of aztreonam-avibactam and comparator antimicrobial agents against Enterobacterales isolates producing common β-lactamases collected in US hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 18,148 Enterobacterales isolates collected during 2020–2021 in US hospitals (<em>n</em> = 71) were susceptibility tested by reference broth microdilution methods. A total of 2,337 isolates were submitted to whole genome sequencing due to elevated cephalosporins/aztreonam MIC values or carbapenem nonsusceptibility (meropenem and/or imipenem MIC results at &gt;1 mg/L).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ESBL enzymes were observed among 1,430 carbapenem-susceptible <em>E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae</em> and <em>Citrobacter</em> spp. isolates and CTX-M-15 was the most common ESBL. Ceftazidime-avibactam inhibited all ESBL-producers while ceftolozane-tazobactam inhibited 68.4–95.9%. Aztreonam-avibactam inhibited &gt;99.7% of the isolates regardless of the ESBL type or organism. Among other classes, amikacin and tigecycline were the most active agents, inhibiting 78.5% and 97.8% of the ESBL-producing isolates. All isolates carrying transferrable AmpC genes were susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem-vaborbactam, and 98.1% susceptible to aztreonam-avibactam, but only 83.3% were susceptible to ceftolozane-tazobactam. Five isolates carried <em>bla</em>_CMY-42 with a PBP3 insertion and they exhibited aztreonam-avibactam MICs ranging from 2 to 16 mg/L. Among carbapenemase-producers (<em>n</em> = 157), aztreonam-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem-vaborbactam susceptibility rates were 98.7%, 81.5% and 79.6%. The only comparator displaying activity against these isolates was tigecycline (93.0% susceptible).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>New β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors were active against common β-lactamase-producing isolates from US hospitals, including carbapenemase-producing isolates for which therapeutic options are limited. Aztreonam-avibactam was the most active agent against carbapenemase producers, including MBL-carrying isolates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of genomic islands involved in antimicrobial resistance in Proteus mirabilis isolated from swine","authors":"Hui Su ,&nbsp;Lirong Yang ,&nbsp;Mimi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaorui Pan ,&nbsp;Hannuo Li ,&nbsp;Wanli Sha ,&nbsp;Baishuang Yin ,&nbsp;Wenlong Dong ,&nbsp;Guojiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Proteus mirabilis</em> (<em>P. mirabilis</em>), a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, is ubiquitously present in natural environments as well as within the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. We isolated <em>P. mirabilis</em> SH-4 from a swine sample and investigated its antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) along with their genetic structure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we have performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the broth microdilution method and conducted a comprehensive analysis through whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenomics of <em>P. mirabilis</em> strain SH-4.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>P. mirabilis</em> SH-4 was found to possess a single chromosome measuring 4 123 479 base pairs in length, with a GC content of 39.06%. Besides, <em>P. mirabilis</em> SH-4 exhibited resistance to eleven antimicrobial agents tested. Through single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profiling, we revealed the genetic relationship of SH-4 with other <em>P. mirabilis</em> strains carrying various ARGs. WGS analysis revealed that SH-4 harbored a ΔTn<em>7</em> transposon and two distinct genomic islands (GIs), designated as PmGRI-9-SH-4 and PmGRI-10-SH-4. ΔTn<em>7</em> was identified, corresponding to Tn<em>7</em> with an insertion of IS<em>256</em> within its sequence. PmGRI-9-SH-4 displayed partial homology to PmGRI1-STP3 and PmGRI1-YN9 (China:Sichuan). Additionally, PmGRI-10-SH-4 contained composite transposons and eleven Type IV secretion system (T4SS) related genes, including <em>traN, traU, traC</em>, and others, with the MDR region situated near the terminus of this GI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, GIs and ISs may serve as crucial facilitators in the acquisition of resistance genes in <em>P. mirabilis</em>. These genetic elements turn <em>P. mirabilis</em> into highly resistant bacteria, culminating in infections that pose significant therapeutic challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 160-165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome sequencing of coexisting blaNDM-1, blaKPC-2, and mcr-9.1 in a clinical carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter braakii isolate","authors":"Fengqiang Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Yu ,&nbsp;Fengli Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Ma ,&nbsp;Ping Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to characterize the molecular characteristics and clinical features of carbapenem-resistant <em>Citrobacter braakii</em> carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-1, <em>bla</em>_KPC-2, and <em>mcr-9.1</em> using whole-genome sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The susceptibility of <em>C. braakii</em> (WF0082) to 22 antimicrobial drugs was tested by an automated microbiology system. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina and Nanopore platforms. Resistance genes and plasmid replicon types were determined. Gene structure was compared between strains to analyse the plasmid properties and gene environments of carbapenem (<em>bla</em>_NDM-1 and <em>bla</em>_KPC-2) and mobilized colistin resistance genes (<em>mcr-9.1</em>). The core single-nucleotide polymorphisms were used to construct an evolutionary tree.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>WF0082 was resistant to all antibiotics excluding colistin. <em>bla</em>_NDM-1 was located on the truncated transposon Tn<em>125</em> in the IncX3 plasmid. <em>bla</em>_KPC-2 was located in the IncP6/IncX6 plasmid, a novel conjugative plasmid whose core <em>bla</em>_KPC platform (IS<em>Kpn27</em>-<em>bla</em>_TEM-1-<em>bla</em>_KPC-2-ΔIS<em>Kpn6</em>-<em>korC</em>-<em>klcA</em>-<em>orf279</em>-<em>orf396</em>-Δ<em>repB</em>) was derived mainly from the transposon Tn<em>6296</em>. The <em>mcr-9.1</em> core region consisted of <em>rcnR</em>-<em>rcnA</em>-<em>pcoE</em>-Δ<em>pcoS</em>-IS<em>903B</em>-<em>mcr-9.1</em>-<em>wbuC</em>-IS<em>26</em>, and it was similar to the Tn<em>6725</em> remnant. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the present strain was categorized into the C1 clade, and it was highly homologous to <em>C. braakii</em> isolates from Australia and China.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of this study showed that <em>C. braakii</em> strain WF0082 carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-1, <em>bla</em>_KPC-2, and <em>mcr-9.1</em> located on three plasmids was highly resistant to antimicrobial drugs. The ability of <em>C. braakii</em> to easily integrate foreign genes has the potential to seriously undermine clinical therapy, and it is urgent that the surveillance of strains harbouring multiple resistant genes is strengthened.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 95-102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of circulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates among termites, chimpanzees, and humans","authors":"Cheikh Tidiane Houmenou ,&nbsp;Habibou Sarr ,&nbsp;Seydina M. Diene ,&nbsp;Idir Kacel ,&nbsp;Cheikh Sokhna ,&nbsp;Florence Fenollar ,&nbsp;Oleg Mediannikov","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 69-71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"blaNDM-5-encoding ST171 Enterobacter hormaechei: A global genomic and epidemiological perspective","authors":"Mengting Luo ,&nbsp;Yawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Fang He ,&nbsp;Zhengquan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Six <em>bla</em>_NDM-5-positive carbapenem-resistant <em>Enterobacter hormaechei</em> isolates were collected from the emergency intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in China. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive genomic and epidemiological analysis of ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> harbouring <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 on a global scale.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina platform, and the genomic characteristics of the isolates were analysed using multiple bioinformatics tools. <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. A single nucleotide polymorphism-based phylogenetic tree for ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains was constructed using Snippy v4.6.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 were isolated from different patients in the EICU over a 9-month period. These strains exhibited resistance to all tested antimicrobial agents except for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and colistin. A total of 12 antimicrobial resistance genes, including <em>bla</em>_NDM-5, were identified in these strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all six strains belonged to the same clonal lineage, indicating nosocomial transmission. A comprehensive search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information database identified 75 ST171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains carrying <em>bla</em>_NDM-5, predominantly of clinical origin, with the highest prevalence in China and the United States. Clonal dissemination was observed both within hospitals and between healthcare facilities in these two countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>bla</em>_NDM-5-positive <em>ST</em>171 <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains have emerged globally, with significant prevalence in China and the United States. Our study underscores the clonal spread of these strains within hospitals and across healthcare facilities. Continuous surveillance of these strains is crucial for the effective prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterisation of Pseudomonas asiatica as an emerging mastitis pathogen in dairy cows with resistance and virulence implications","authors":"Taniya Sultana ,&nbsp;Md. Morshedur Rahman ,&nbsp;Monira Rahaman ,&nbsp;Kh. Yeashir Arafat ,&nbsp;Md. Golam Haider ,&nbsp;Abu Nasar Md. Aminoor Rahman ,&nbsp;Anup Kumar Talukder ,&nbsp;M. Nazmul Hoque ,&nbsp;Ziban Chandra Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Mastitis, a major concern in the dairy industry, is often caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, making treatment more challenging. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes (VGs) profiles of <em>Pseudomonas asiatica</em> strains isolated from milk, faeces, and farm soils of dairy cows diagnosed with clinical mastitis (CM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-five milk and 35 faeces samples from cows with CM, as well as 30 soil samples were collected from 30 small-holding dairy farms in Gazipur district, Bangladesh. <em>P. asiatica</em> was identified using culture-based methods, VITEK-2, and 16S rRNA sequencing. AMR profile was determined using disc diffusion method. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of four MDR <em>P. asiatica</em> isolates was performed for phylogenetic analysis, ARGs and VGs prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of <em>P. asiatica</em> in the investigated dairy farms in this study was 37.27%, with rates of 29.27% in milk, 34.15% in faeces, and 36.59% in soil. All <em>P. asiatica</em> isolates were MDR, exhibiting highest resistance to imipenem, ampicillin, oxacillin, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, azithromycin, tetracycline, and cefoxitin. WGS revealed close phylogenetic ties between <em>P. asiatica</em> isolates (2M1, 2F1, 2F2, 2S1) and global <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains. Each of the four <em>P. asiatica</em> strains harbored 11 ARGs imparting resistance to multiple antibiotics, and 30 VGs linked to motility, alginate/pyoverdine synthesis, and regulatory systems.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identifies <em>P. asiatica</em> as an emerging MDR mastitis pathogen with significant environmental persistence. These findings highlight for species-specific diagnostics, and tailored antimicrobial strategies to improve mastitis control in dairy farming systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of intravenous versus intravenous combined with intrathecal/intracerebral ventricle injection of polymyxin B for Acinetobacter baumannii intracranial infection: A retrospective study","authors":"Li You ,&nbsp;Ru-meng Ding ,&nbsp;Ting-ting Liu ,&nbsp;Hai-yang Meng ,&nbsp;Duo-lu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Intracranial infections caused by <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>A. baumannii</em>) are common and life-threatening. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and risk factors associated with 30-d mortality rates between intravenous (IV) polymyxin B and a combination of intravenous (IV) with intrathecal (IVT)/intracerebral (ITH) polymyxin B in the treatment of this type of intracranial infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analysed patients with <em>A. baumannii</em> intracranial infections treated from November 2018 to March 2023. Based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 57 patients were included in the study. Patients treated with IV polymyxin B combined with IVT/ITH polymyxin B were assigned to the IV plus IVT/ITH group, while those treated solely with IV polymyxin B were assigned to the IV group. Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes were systematically collected and analysed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study involved 57 patients who acquired <em>A. baumannii</em> intracranial infection. The cure rate was 31.6% (18/57) and a 30-d mortality rate of 33.3% (19/57). Compared to the IV group, the IV plus IVT/ITH group demonstrated a higher cure rate (15.4% vs. 45.2%, <em>P</em> = 0.034) and lower 30-d mortality (50.0% vs. 19.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.015). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the absence of IVT/ITH polymyxin B (<em>P</em> = 0.043) and the preexisting renal insufficiency at admission (<em>P</em> = 0.027) were independently associated with increased 30-d mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The combination of IV and IVT/ITH polymyxin B administration represents an effective therapeutic strategy for <em>A. baumannii</em> infections, demonstrating higher cure rates, significantly reduced 30-d mortality, and a substantial survival advantage. Notably, ITH/IVT treatment does not appear to increase the incidence of neurotoxicity. However, the true incidence of neurotoxicity associated with IVT/ITH polymyxin B may be underestimated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Kentucky ST198 in Southwest China","authors":"Ximei Kong ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Gaopeng Lei ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Weifeng Huang ,&nbsp;Yun Leng ,&nbsp;Yanfang Miao ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Qiwu Yuan ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Haojiang Zuo ,&nbsp;Lvbo Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and virulence characteristics of <em>Salmonella</em> isolates from clinical cases in Sichuan, China, collected from 2019 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 153 <em>Salmonella</em> isolates from 19 regions in Sichuan Province were analysed. Sequence types (STs) were identified using multi-locus sequence typing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted to assess resistance profiles, while whole-genome sequencing was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 153 <em>Salmonella</em> isolates, 49 STs were identified. ST11 (<em>S</em>. Enteritidis) was the most prevalent, while <em>S</em>. Kentucky comprised 3.27% (5/153) of isolates, significantly higher than the national average (0.33%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). All <em>S</em>. Kentucky ST198 isolates were extensively drug-resistant, exhibiting resistance to at least seven antimicrobial classes, including fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. <em>S</em>. Kentucky ST198 harboured significantly more ARGs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and virulence genes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) than other strains. ARGs such as <em>CTX-M-55, TEM-216, TEM-90</em>, and <em>TEM-150</em> were significantly more prevalent (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and β-lactams. Additionally, the absence of <em>sifA</em> (16.7% vs. 91.8%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and <em>shdA</em> (0.0% vs. 68.7%, <em>P</em> = 0.001), suggesting that these genes may influence the reduced risk of human infection by ST198.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight the emergence of extensively drug-resistant <em>Salmonella</em> Kentucky ST198 in Southwest China and underscore the urgent need for ongoing surveillance in this region due to its significant public health impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 264-270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. focussing on C. jejuni and C. coli – A narrative review","authors":"Vathsala Mohan ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Strepis ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Mitsakakis ,&nbsp;Karsten Becker ,&nbsp;Leonid Chindelevitch ,&nbsp;Nirajmohan Shivaperumal ,&nbsp;Khine Swe Swe-Han ,&nbsp;John P. Hays","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Campylobacter</em> species represent one of the leading causes of human foodborne infections, including gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhoea. Overuse of antibiotics in veterinary, agriculture, and humans has led to an increase in multidrug antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Fluoroquinolones and macrolides resistant <em>Campylobacters</em> are WHO and CDC priority pathogens, with fluoroquinolone resistance doubling in the past 20 years, complicating treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Published studies relating to AMR and associated molecular mechanisms in both <em>Campylobacter jejuni</em> (<em>C. jejuni</em>) and <em>C. coli</em> from animals, humans and environment (1981–2024), were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. In addition, genomic analyses of publicly available <em>C. jejuni</em> and <em>C. coli</em> genomes along with multilocus sequence typing results from the PubMLST database were used to analyse these AMR determinants and their phylogenomic relationships. Review articles were excluded from the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 429 research papers were reviewed to get insights into multidrug resistance in <em>C. jejuni</em> and <em>C. coli</em>. Fluroquinolone resistance has been predominantly associated with international travel. The <em>gyrA</em> subunits were associated with ecological niches and overall, it is suggestive that <em>C. coli</em> might be the donor. A positive synergism was observed between <em>cmeA</em> gene expression and quinolone resistance. Additionally, the results speculated the possibility of horizontal gene transfers in chromosomal resistance clusters between <em>C. coli</em> and <em>C. jejuni</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review indicated significant concern of multidrug resistance in <em>C. jejuni</em> and <em>C. coli</em>. This requires continent-wide surveillance and research for standard practices to achieve effective antimicrobial stewardship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 372-389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}