Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of dickkopf-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid before and after nonsurgical therapy in type 2 diabetics and smokers with periodontal disease.","authors":"M Jayachandiran, Saravana Kumar Ravindran, Pratebha Balu, Jananni Muthu, Narayane Ramkumar, Sakthidevi Sathiyaseelan, Dharani Senthil","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_347_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_347_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is a Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor that plays a crucial role in bone metabolism and inflammation. Its level is influenced by systemic conditions such as diabetes and smoking, which are known risk factors for periodontitis. The study aims to estimate and compare the levels of DKK-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in individuals with chronic periodontitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and smoking habits.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of eighty participants were divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 20 each): Group I (healthy controls), Group II (chronic periodontitis), Group III (chronic periodontitis with T2DM), and Group IV (chronic periodontitis with smoking). Clinical parameters including Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline and 1 month after NSPT. GCF samples were collected using periopaper strips and analyzed for DKK-1 levels using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline DKK-1 levels were significantly higher in periodontitis patients compared to controls (<i>P</i> < 0.001), with the highest levels observed in the diabetes and smoking groups. After NSPT, all groups demonstrated significant reductions in DKK-1 levels and clinical parameters (<i>P</i> < 0.001), although DKK-1 levels remained elevated in all groups after NSPT compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated GCF DKK-1 levels in chronic periodontitis, particularly among smokers and diabetics, indicate its potential as a biomarker of disease severity and therapeutic response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"314-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Vitamin C in managing gingival hyperpigmentation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Roshni Valecha, Surekha Ramrao Rathod, Vinisha A Bajaj, Pranjali Bawankar","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_214_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_214_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gingival hyperpigmentation is a significant esthetic concern, particularly in individuals with high smile lines. Traditional surgical methods for depigmentation often face the challenge of recurrence. Vitamin C, due to its antioxidant properties and role in melanin inhibition, has emerged as a promising adjunctive agent for gingival depigmentation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Vitamin C in managing gingival hyperpigmentation, either as a standalone treatment or in combination with other modalities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024613787), and it was in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, for studies published between 2018 and 2024. The review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical trials comparing Vitamin C interventions to conventional depigmentation techniques, and a meta-analysis was conducted using the standardised mean difference (SMD) as the effect measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included for qualitative synthesis and three RCTs for quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in depigmentation scores at 1-month follow-up (SMD: 1.93; 95% confidence interval: 1.37-2.48). However, no significant differences were observed at baseline or at the 3-month follow-up, where high heterogeneity was present.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin C demonstrates promising short-term efficacy in the treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation, especially when used as an adjunct to conventional therapy. However, variability in protocols and long-term outcomes highlights the need for further standardized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"199-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Tooth GenAI:\" Artificial intelligence integration for periodontal regeneration and dental treatment planning.","authors":"Tarini Kasturi, A P Jyothi, Anirudh Shankar, J R Ashwath Narayan, T R Monisha, Skanda S Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_449_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_449_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown significant potential in improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning in dentistry. However, integrated systems combining image analysis and predictive modeling for periodontal prognosis remain limited.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study presents Tooth GenAI, an AI-based diagnostic framework integrating convolutional neural networks for caries detection and machine-learning regression models for the prediction of alveolar bone changes. A synthetic dataset of 10,000 patient records, including demographic and risk-factor variables, was generated. Five regression algorithms were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gradient Boosting Regressor demonstrated the best predictive performance for both 3-month and 6-month bone change prediction. The Convolutional Neural Network-based module achieved high accuracy in detecting carious lesions. The integrated system successfully combined image analysis and predictive modeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tooth GenAI demonstrates the feasibility of integrating AI-based image detection with predictive analytics to support periodontal diagnosis and treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"237-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of <i>Nigella sativa</i> seed extract on periodontal pathogens.","authors":"Gholam Reza Talei, Foroogh Mirzania, Narges Ziaei, Amir Varezardi, Alireza Nazarzadeh, Amir Parvini Ahmadi","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_326_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_326_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong><i>Nigella sativa</i>, a medicinal plant of the Ranunculaceae family, is widely used for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of <i>N. sativa</i> seed extract against two major periodontal pathogens: <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, bacterial samples were collected from 30 patients with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis. Pure cultures of anaerobic bacteria were used to assess susceptibility to <i>N. sativa</i> extract and to amoxicillin-metronidazole. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using broth microdilution and agar dilution methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the previous experiments conducted, it was determined that the extract from the plant has an inhibitory effect at a concentration of mg/mL, but not at concentrations of 4 and 8 mg/mL. Furthermore, from previous experiments, it was determined that the growth inhibition was from 14 mg/mL for <i>A. actinomycetemcomitans</i> and was 52 mg/mL for <i>P. gingivalis</i>. Furthermore, it was determined that at a concentration of 100-210 mg/mL, the growth of both pathogens was inhibited. Assessment of the FIC index for synergistic and antagonistic interactions showed synergism for the combination of <i>N. sativa</i> and metronidazole for the <i>A. actinomycetemcomitans</i>, antagonism for <i>P. gingivalis</i>, and no interaction with amoxicillin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The antibacterial property of <i>N. sativa</i> has positive implications and can probably be used in herbal medicine for periodontal diseases, where it can be used for the formulation of mouthwashes and toothpastes. More studies should be done.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the therapeutic potential of <i>Salacca zalacca</i> peel ethanol extract on probing depth and gingival recession in Wistar rats with periodontitis.","authors":"Aprilia Yuanita Anwaristi, Nur Ariska Nugrahani, Afifah Khoirun Nisa, Annisa Rachmah Afrizal","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_445_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_445_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Specific germs produced periodontitis, a destructive inflammatory disease of the tissues supporting the teeth that destroyed the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, and the creation of pockets, gingival recession, or both. Adjunctive therapy and mechanical scaling were used to treat periodontitis. Because of its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties, the ethanol extract of snakefruit peel (<i>Salacca zalacca</i> var. pondoh) included phytochemicals that were helpful as an alternate supplementary therapy for periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of snake fruit peel ethanol extract on probing depth and gingival recession in Wistar rats with experimentally induced periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A posttest-only control group design was used in a real experimental laboratory investigation. Twenty-four Wistar rats were used as research subjects and divided into six groups. On days 1, 7, and 14, the treatment group received the ethanol extract of snake fruit peel, while the positive control group received chlorhexidine gluconate. The One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and <i>Post hoc</i> least significant difference tests were used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-way ANOVA showed significant differences in probing depth and gingival recession among the groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The treatment groups showed lower probing depth and gingival recession scores than the positive control groups across all observation periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Snake fruit peel ethanol extract was associated with lower probing depth and gingival recession scores in Wistar rats with experimentally induced periodontitis. Further studies are required to confirm its biological mechanisms and therapeutic potential as an adjunctive periodontal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"254-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma - Clinicopathological diagnosis, management, and literature review.","authors":"Harmesh Sharma, Nandita Katha, Divya Jyoti, Shanteri Nayak","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_177_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_177_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma (PCOF) is an uncommon, reactive gingival lesion classified under fibro-osseous pathologies. It predominantly affects the anterior maxilla, accounting for approximately 60% of reported cases and is less frequently observed in the mandible. This case report details the two cases of PCOF wherein the patients presented with localized gingival swelling. Histopathological examination demonstrated a hypercellular fibrous connective tissue matrix interspersed with mineralized components resembling bone and cementum. Given the lesion's propensity for recurrence, diligent postsurgical monitoring is imperative. This article aims to provide insight on the clinical presentation, histological characteristics, and management of this rare lesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"331-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimagining periodontal education in India: The need for a modern, competency-based curriculum.","authors":"Neeraj Deshpande","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_253_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_253_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"175-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral hygiene: \"The cornerstone of peri-implant health\".","authors":"Baljeet Singh","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_298_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_298_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"173-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between severity of periodontal disease and decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores in adults - A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sakshi Yadav, Pulin Saluja, Aparna Dave, Manpreet Arora","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_91_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_91_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental caries and periodontitis are among the most prevalent oral diseases globally, ranking first and sixth, respectively, in terms of prevalence. Despite sharing common risk factors such as genetic predisposition, lifestyle habits, and socioeconomic influences, these diseases are often considered independent due to differences in microbial etiology. However, research on their potential correlation has yielded conflicting results, warranting further investigation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to assess the severity of periodontal disease using Russell's Periodontal Index (PI) and to evaluate its correlation with decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) scores in adults.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted over 2 months. A total of 200 adult patients (aged 30-55 years) visiting the outpatient department were included based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. DMFT scores were recorded according to the World Health Organization criteria (1987), and periodontal status was assessed using Russell's PI. Additional covariates such as oral hygiene habits, sugar consumption, family history of gum disease, and prior dental visits were also evaluated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0, applying Chi-square and analysis of variance tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant positive correlation was found between DMFT scores and periodontal disease severity. Patients with a DMFT score <5 exhibited a healthy periodontium, while those with scores between 5 and 10 had gingivitis, and those with DMFT >10 showed periodontitis. Type A caries (coronal caries) was not significantly associated with periodontitis, whereas type B caries (root caries) demonstrated a strong correlation. Among covariates, education level and age were significantly associated with periodontal health, while gender, sugar consumption, frequency of brushing, and dental visits showed no significant impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest a positive correlation between the severity of periodontal disease and DMFT scores, indicating that dental caries and periodontitis may coexist more frequently than previously assumed. However, their distinct microbial environments present challenges in establishing a direct causal relationship. Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms linking these two conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"230-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological enigma in a recurrent gingival swelling.","authors":"Ajay Kumar Verma, Anjali Narwal, Mala Kamboj, Neha Sahjlan, Shikha Tewari, Anju Devi","doi":"10.4103/jisp.jisp_244_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_244_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A patient presented with a recurrent gingival swelling in the upper left anterior region which was localized, erythematous, and involved the interdental papilla. The patient had a history of biopsy from the same site 5 to 6 months prior. The lesion was surgically excised and subjected to histopathological evaluation. The case highlights the importance of histopathology in diagnosing rare gingival lesions with recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology","volume":"30 2","pages":"328-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}