Clinical evaluation of injectable platelet-rich fibrin with synthetic nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft for the treatment of intrabony defects: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and other platelet concentrates have demonstrated efficacy as healing biomaterials for intrabony defects (IBDs). Despite the lack of research to evaluate its regenerative potential, injectable-PRF (i-PRF), a recently developed second-generation platelet concentrate, has demonstrated a greater degree of growth factor release. The present research compared the effectiveness of i-PRF for reconstructing periodontal IBDs in conjunction with a synthetic nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft (SybografTM).

Materials and methods: The study included 24 intrabony periodontal defects, which were randomly assigned to two groups (12 defects each). The patients were treated either with open flap debridement (OFD) and i-PRF in conjunction with bone graft or OFD with bone graft only. The following parameters such as GI, PI, vertical probing depth, CAL, bone defect depth, and bone fill percentage were measured at baseline, 3, and 6 months. The data were statistically analyzed using-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test.

Results: Both groups showed improvements in bone fill, reduction in the depth of vertical probing, and bone defects. However, group I (i-PRF with bone graft) showed statistically significant and superior outcomes than group II (OFD with bone graft).

Conclusion: The study concluded that, when compared to OFD with synthetic nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft, adjunctive use of i-PRF greatly enhances the defect fill in periodontal IBDs and demonstrated significant improvements in clinical and radiological parameters.