Journal of Fungi最新文献

{"title":"Overview of the Current Challenges in Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis.","authors":"Mohamed A Fayed, Timothy M Evans, Eyad Almasri, Kathryn L Bilello, Robert Libke, Michael W Peterson","doi":"10.3390/jof10100724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coccidioidomycosis is a disease caused by soil fungi of the genus <i>Coccidioides</i>, divided genetically into <i>Coccidioides immitis</i> (California isolates) and <i>Coccidioides posadasii</i> (isolates outside California). Coccidioidomycosis is transmitted through the inhalation of fungal spores, arthroconidia, which can cause disease in susceptible mammalian hosts, including humans. Coccidioidomycosis is endemic to the western part of the United States of America, including the central valley of California, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of western Texas. Cases have been reported in other regions in different states, and endemic pockets are present in these states. The incidence of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis has notably increased since it became reportable in 1995. Clinically, the infection ranges from asymptomatic to fatal disease due to pneumonia or disseminated states. The recognition of coccidioidomycosis can be challenging, as it frequently mimics bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis is frequently dependent on serologic testing, the results of which can take several days or longer to obtain. Coccidioidomycosis continues to present challenges for clinicians, and suspected cases can be easily missed. The challenges of coccidioidomycosis disease, from presentation to diagnosis to treatment, remain a hurdle for clinicians, and further research is needed to address these challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species.","authors":"Aline De Oliveira Campos, Mark D Harrison, David L Marshall, Peter James Strong","doi":"10.3390/jof10100723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lanostene-derived triterpenoids and β-glucans are important metabolites in <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms associated with benefits to human health. The medicinal value of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> species remains unclear, with no data on triterpenoid distribution or glucan content. In the present study, 22 Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> specimens were analyzed for triterpenoid and glucan contents. Thirty-two triterpenoids were identified in the fruiting bodies of 19 of the specimens. Distinct patterns in triterpenoid distribution between laccate and matte fruiting bodies were observed, leading to the classification of four groups of <i>Ganoderma</i>. Most of the glucans in the <i>Ganoderma</i> fruiting bodies were β-glucans (~99%), with a nominal α-glucan content (~1%). The β-glucan content ranged from 19.5 to 43.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>). A range of antioxidant activities was observed for methanol extracts using the ABTS (1.8 to 8.4 mg GAE.g^-1), DPPH (1.7 to 9.4 mg GAE/g^-1) and FRAP (24.7 to 111.6 mmol FeSO₄.g^-1) assays, with four specimens presenting relatively high radical scavenging and reducing activities. For the first time, we demonstrated that Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms contain medicinal triterpenoids, including ganoderic acid A, and we established a link between its distribution and the fruiting body morphology. However, further research is required to isolate diploid clones and determine factors that impact triterpenoid and glucan synthesis in these strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three New Species of Mytilinidioid Fungi (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) from Mexico.","authors":"Tania Raymundo, César R Martínez-González, Michelle Martínez-Pineda, Aurora Cobos-Villagrán, Isabel Ramírez-Rosales, Ricardo Valenzuela","doi":"10.3390/jof10100725","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof10100725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mytilinidioid fungi are conchiform in nature, with the appearance of bivalve shells or wedge-shaped, rigid, brittle, and carbonaceous hysterothecia growing on the bark of gymnosperms or angiosperms. Based on their morphological characteristics and molecular markers (<i>ITS</i> and <i>LSU</i>), this study describes three new species of mytilinidioid fungi: <i>Ericboehmia mexicana</i> of the family Hysteriaceae of the order Hysteriales and <i>Lophium pinicola</i> and <i>Mytilinidion mexicanum</i> of the family Mytilinidiaceae of the order Mytilinidiales. The first species grows on <i>Liquidambar styracyphlua</i>, the second species grows on <i>Pinus patula</i>, and the third species grows on <i>Acacia californica</i> subsp. <i>pringlei</i>. The specimens studied were deposited in the ENCB Herbarium.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Stratocorticium sinensis</i> gen. et sp. nov. and <i>Cericium gloeocystidiatum</i> sp. nov. (<i>Cyphellaceae</i>, <i>Agaricales</i>) from East Asia.","authors":"Yu-Peng Zhang, Yue Li, Karen K Nakasone, Shuang-Hui He","doi":"10.3390/jof10100722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cyphellaceae</i>, a small and under-studied family of <i>Agaricales</i>, includes mostly saprophytic taxa with varied basidiomes. In this study, we focus on wood-decay species with corticioid or stereoid basidiomes. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated <i>ITS</i>-<i>nrLSU</i> sequences uncovered seven generic lineages of corticioid or stereoid fungi-<i>Acanthocorticium</i>, <i>Cericium</i>, <i>Chondrostereum</i>, <i>Cunninghammyces</i>, <i>Gloeostereum</i>, <i>Granulobasidium</i>, and <i>Stratocorticium</i> gen. nov. The genus <i>Cericium</i> is shown to be in the <i>Cyphellaceae</i> family, and two new species, <i>Cericium gloeocystidiatum</i> and <i>Stratocorticium sinensis</i>, are described from East Asia. Morphologically, <i>Ce</i>. <i>gloeocystidiatum</i> is characterized by resupinate basidiomes with smooth hymenophores, a dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and micro-binding hyphae, cystidia with resinous-like or golden yellow contents, and ellipsoid basidiospores. <i>Stratocorticium</i> is monotypic, differing from <i>Cericium</i> by a trimitic hyphal system of clamped generative, micro-binding, and brown, thick-walled skeletal-like hyphae, clavate to cylindrical cystidia with homogenous, colorless contents, and hyphidia. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the new taxa and <i>Cericium luteoincrustatum</i>, and a key to corticioid or stereoid genera in <i>Cyphellaceae</i> is included.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Mechanism of <i>Mok I</i> Gene Overexpression in Enhancing Monacolin K Production in <i>Monascus pilosus</i>.","authors":"Zhiwei Huang, Lishi Xiao, Wenlan Mo, Yaru Zhang, Yiyang Cai, Simei Huang, Zhiting Chen, Chuannan Long","doi":"10.3390/jof10100721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Monascus</i> species are capable of producing various active metabolites, including monacolin K (MK) and pigments. Studies have shown that the overexpression of the <i>mok I</i> gene from the MK synthesis gene cluster in <i>Monascus</i> species can significantly increase MK production; however, the molecular mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study focused on the <i>mok I</i> gene of <i>Monascus pilosus</i> to construct overexpression strains of the <i>mok I</i> gene, resulting in high-yield MK production. Sixteen positive transformants were obtained, seven of which produced 9.63% to 41.39% more MK than the original strain, with no citrinin detected in any of the transformants. The qRT-PCR results revealed that the expression levels of <i>mok I</i> in the transformed strains TI-13, TI-24, and TI-25 increased by more than 50% compared to the original strain at various fermentation times, with the highest increase being 10.9-fold. Furthermore, multi-omics techniques were used to analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying enhanced MK production in transformed strains. The results indicated that <i>mok I</i> overexpression may enhance MK synthesis in <i>M. pilosus</i> by regulating the expression of key genes (such as <i>MAO</i>, <i>HPD</i>, <i>ACX</i>, and <i>PLC</i>) and the synthesis levels of key metabolites (such as delta-tocopherol and alpha-linolenic acid) in pathways linked to the biosynthesis of cofactors, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, tyrosine metabolism, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further study of the metabolic regulation of MK in <i>Monascus</i> species and for effectively enhancing their MK production.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>Aspergillus flavus hacA</i> Gene in the Unfolded Protein Response Pathway Is a Candidate Target for Host-Induced Gene Silencing.","authors":"Perng-Kuang Chang","doi":"10.3390/jof10100719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal HacA/Hac1 transcription factors play a crucial role in regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR helps cells to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein homeostasis, which is critical for growth, development, and virulence. The <i>Aspergillus flavus hacA</i> gene encodes a domain rich in basic and acidic amino acids (Bsc) and a basic leucine zipper (bZip) domain, and features a non-conventional intron (Nt20). In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 was utilized to dissect the Bsc-coding, bZip-coding, and Nt20 sequences to elucidate the relationship between genotype and phenotype. In the Bsc and bZip experimental sets, all observed mutations in both coding sequences were in frame, suggesting that out-of-frame mutations are lethal. The survival rate of transformants in the Nt20 experiment set was low, at approximately 7%. Mutations in the intron primarily consisted of out-of-frame insertions and deletions. In addition to the wild-type-like conidial morphology, the mutants exhibited varied colony morphologies, including sclerotial, mixed (conidial and sclerotial), and mycelial morphologies. An ER stress test using dithiothreitol revealed that the sclerotial and mycelial mutants were much more sensitive than the conidial mutants. Additionally, the mycelial mutants were unable to produce aflatoxin but still produced aspergillic acid and kojic acid. RNAi experiments targeting the region encompassing Bsc and bZip indicated that transformant survival rates generally decreased, with a small number of transformants displaying phenotypic changes. Defects in the <i>hacA</i> gene at the DNA and transcript levels affected the survival, growth, and development of <i>A. flavus</i>. Thus, this gene may serve as a promising target for future host-induced gene-silencing strategies aimed at controlling infection and reducing aflatoxin contamination in crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Treasure Trove of Urban Microbial Diversity: Community and Diversity Characteristics of Urban Ancient <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Rhizosphere Microorganisms in Shanghai.","authors":"Jieying Mao, Qiong Wang, Yaying Yang, Feng Pan, Ziwei Zou, Xiaona Su, Yi Wang, Wei Liu, Yaohua Tang","doi":"10.3390/jof10100720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid urbanization has exerted immense pressure on urban environments, severely constraining the growth of ancient trees. The growth of ancient trees is closely linked to the microbial communities in their rhizospheres, and studying their community characteristics may provide new insights into promoting the growth and rejuvenation of ancient trees. In this study, the rhizosphere soil and root systems of ancient <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> trees (approximately 200 years old) and adult <i>G. biloba</i> trees (approximately 50 years old) in Shanghai were selected as research subjects. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and high-throughput sequencing were employed to investigate the diversity of microbial communities in the <i>G. biloba</i> rhizosphere. The results indicated that the 19 PLFA species selected to characterize the soil microbial community structure and biomass were present in the rhizosphere soil of both ancient and adult <i>G. biloba</i> trees. However, the total microbial biomass and the microbial biomass in the rhizosphere soil of ancient <i>G. biloba</i> were lower than the microbial biomass in the rhizosphere soil of adult <i>G. biloba</i>. The biomasses of Gram-negative bacteria (G^-), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and protozoans (P) were significantly different. Total phosphorus, organic matter, and pH may be the key factors influencing the soil microbial community in the rhizosphere zone of ancient <i>G. biloba</i>. An in-depth study of AMF showed that the roots and rhizosphere soil of <i>G. biloba</i> contained abundant AMF resources, which were assigned to 224 virtual taxa using the MaarjAM reference database, belonging to four orders, ten families, and nineteen genera. The first and second most dominant genera were <i>Glomus</i> and <i>Paraglomus</i>, respectively. <i>Archaeospora</i> and <i>Ambispora</i> were more dominant in the rhizosphere than the roots. Furthermore, the abundance of live AMF was significantly higher in ancient <i>G. biloba</i> than in adult <i>G. biloba</i>. Therefore, future research should focus on the improvement of soil environmental characteristics and the identification and cultivation of indigenous dominant AMF in the rhizosphere of ancient <i>G. biloba</i>, aiming for their effective application in the rejuvenation of ancient trees.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Diagnosis of Plant Quarantine Fungus <i>Setophoma terrestris</i>.","authors":"Peng Zhao, Zhipeng Feng, Lei Cai, Dorji Phurbu, Weijun Duan, Fuhong Xie, Xuelian Li, Fang Liu","doi":"10.3390/jof10100716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Setophoma terrestris</i> is an important phytopathogenic fungus listed by China as a harmful fungus subject to phytosanitary import control. This pathogen is a threat to a wide range of plants, particularly as the causal agent of onion pink root rot, one of the most severe diseases of onions. In order to provide rapid identification and early warning of <i>S. terrestris</i> and prevent its spread, we have developed a rapid, accurate, and visually intuitive diagnostic assay for this pathogen, by utilizing recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), coupled with CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage and fluorescence-based detection systems or paper-based lateral flow strips. The developed RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay exhibited remarkable specificity for the detection of <i>S. terrestris.</i> Moreover, this protocol can detect the pathogen at a sensitivity level of 0.01 pg/μL, which significantly outperforms the 1 pg/μL sensitivity achieved by the existing qPCR-based detection method. The entire diagnostic procedure, including DNA extraction, the RPA reaction, the Cas12a cleavage, and the result interpretation, can be accomplished in 40 min. Furthermore, the successful application of the assay in infected plant samples highlighted its potential for rapid and accurate pathogen detection in agricultural settings. In summary, this RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a diagnostic method offers a potentially valuable technological solution for quarantine and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (QMRI) to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Ultrasonic Atomization of Water in Truffle Preservation.","authors":"Alessia Marino, Marco Leonardi, Alessandra Zambonelli, Mirco Iotti, Angelo Galante","doi":"10.3390/jof10100717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Truffles of the <i>Tuber</i> genus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes) are among the most valuable and expensive foods, but their shelf life is limited to 7-10 days when stored at 4 °C. Alternative preservation methods have been proposed to extend their shelf life, though they may alter certain quality parameters. Recently, a hypogeal display case equipped with an ultrasonic humidity system (HDC) was developed, extending the shelf life to 2-3 weeks, depending on the truffle species. This study assesses the efficacy of HDC in preserving <i>Tuber melanosporum</i> and <i>Tuber borchii</i> ascomata over 16 days, using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (QMRI) to monitor water content and other parameters. Sixteen <i>T. melanosporum</i> and six <i>T. borchii</i> ascomata were stored at 4 °C in an HDC or a static fridge (SF) as controls. QMRI confirmed that <i>T. borchii</i> has a shorter shelf life than <i>T. melanosporum</i> under all conditions. HDC reduced the rate of shrinkage, water, and mass loss in both species. Additionally, the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), longitudinal relaxation time (T1), and transverse relaxation time (T2), which reflect molecular changes, decreased more slowly in HDC than SF. QMRI proves useful for studying water-rich samples and assessing truffle preservation technologies. Further optimization of this method for industrial use is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemic Properties of <i>Leccinum scabrum</i> Extracts-An In Vitro Study on α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibition and Metabolic Profile Determination.","authors":"Valeria Ferraro, Anna Spagnoletta, Natalie Paola Rotondo, René Massimiliano Marsano, Daniela Valeria Miniero, Gaetano Balenzano, Annalisa De Palma, Alessandro Colletti, Maria Letizia Gargano, Giovanni Lentini, Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi","doi":"10.3390/jof10100718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type-2 diabetes affects an increasing percentage of the world's population and its control through dietary management, involving the consumption of health-promoting foods or their derived supplements, is a common strategy. Several mushroom species have been demonstrated to be endowed with antidiabetic properties, resulting from their ability in improving insulin sensitivity and production, or inhibiting the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. This study aimed to investigate for the first time the hypoglycemic properties of the edible mushroom <i>Leccinum scabrum</i> (Bull.) Gray. Mushroom extracts were prepared through the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique using green solvents with different polarity degrees. The inhibition activity of all the obtained extracts on both α-glucosidase and α-amylase was evaluated and the highest activity was observed for the EtOAc extract which showed an IC₅₀ value about 60-fold lower than the reference compound 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) on α-glucosidase (0.42 ± 0.02 and 25.4 ± 0.6 µg/mL, respectively). As expected on the basis of the literature data concerning both α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition, a milder inhibition activity on pancreatic α-amylase was observed. Preliminary in vivo tests on <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> carried out on the most active obtained extract (EtOAc) confirmed the in vitro observed hypoglycemic activity. Finally, the EtOAc extract metabolic profile was determined through GC-MS and HRMS analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}