Journal of Fungi最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the Pathogenicity of <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> on Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Using a Rapid and Robust Seedling Screening Method.","authors":"Andrew Chen, Duy P Le, Linda J Smith, Dinesh Kafle, Elizabeth A B Aitken, Donald M Gardiner","doi":"10.3390/jof10100715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium</i> spp.) is the most important fibre crop worldwide. Black root rot and Fusarium wilt are two major diseases of cotton caused by soil-borne <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> (<i>Fov</i>), respectively. Phenotyping plant symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens has always been a challenge. To increase the uniformity of infection, we adapted a seedling screening method that directly uses liquid cultures to inoculate the plant roots and the soil. Four isolates, each of <i>B. rouxiae</i> and <i>Fov</i>, were collected from cotton fields in Australia and were characterised for virulence on cotton under controlled plant growth conditions. While the identities of all four <i>B. rouxiae</i> isolates were confirmed by multilocus sequencing, only two of them were found to be pathogenic on cotton, suggesting variability in the ability of isolates of this species to cause disease. The four <i>Fov</i> isolates were phylogenetically clustered together with the other Australian <i>Fov</i> isolates and displayed both external and internal symptoms characteristic of Fusarium wilt on cotton plants. Furthermore, the isolates appeared to induce varied levels of plant disease severity indicating differences in their virulence on cotton. To contrast the virulence of the <i>Fov</i> isolates, four putatively non-pathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (<i>Fo</i>) isolates collected from cotton seedlings exhibiting atypical wilt symptoms were assessed for their ability to colonise cotton host. Despite the absence of <i>Secreted in Xylem</i> genes (<i>SIX6</i>, <i>SIX11</i>, <i>SIX13</i> and <i>SIX14</i>) characteristic of <i>Fov</i>, all four <i>Fo</i> isolates retained the ability to colonise cotton and induce wilt symptoms. This suggests that slightly virulent strains of <i>Fo</i> may contribute to the overall occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cotton fields. Findings from this study will allow better distinction to be made between plant pathogens and endophytes and allow fungal effectors underpinning pathogenicity to be explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sorting and Transport of the Cargo Protein CcSnc1 by the Retromer Complex Regulate the Growth, Development, and Pathogenicity of <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i>.","authors":"Shuyuan Cheng, Yunfei Long, Xiaoyang Zhang, Bing Liu, Shuilin Song, Genghua Li, Yuzhuan Hu, Lei Du, Quanxing Wang, Junxi Jiang, Guihong Xiong","doi":"10.3390/jof10100714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In eukaryotes, the retromer complex is critical for the transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Despite its importance, there is a lack of research on the retromer-mediated transport of cargo proteins regulating the growth, development, and pathogenicity of filamentous fungi. In the present study, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression levels of the retromer complex (<i>CcVPS35</i>, <i>CcVPS29</i> and <i>CcVPS26</i>) were significantly elevated during the early stages of <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i> invasion. Gene knockout and complementation analyses further highlighted the critical role of the retromer complex in <i>C. cassiicola</i> infection. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the retromer complex was mainly localized to the vacuolar membrane and partially to endosomes and the TGN. Further research found that the retromer core subunit CcVps35 can interact with the cargo protein CcSnc1. Subcellular localization showed that CcSnc1 is mainly located at the hyphal tip and partially in endosomes and the Golgi apparatus. Deletion of <i>CcVPS35</i> resulted in the missorting of CcSnc1 into the vacuolar degradation pathway, indicating that the retromer can sort CcSnc1 from endosomes and transport it to the TGN. Additionally, gene knockout and complementation analyses demonstrated that <i>CcSnc1</i> is critical for the growth, development, and pathogenicity of <i>C. cassiicola</i>. In summary, the vesicular transport pathway involving the retromer complex regulates the sorting and transport of the cargo protein CcSnc1, which is important for the growth, development and pathogenicity of <i>C. cassiicola.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of the Field: Cytotoxic Immune Cell Responses in <i>C. neoformans</i> and <i>C. deneoformans</i> Infection.","authors":"Elizabeth C Okafor, Kirsten Nielsen","doi":"10.3390/jof10100712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> is an environmental pathogen that causes life-threatening disease in immunocompromised persons. The majority of immunological studies have centered on CD4⁺ T-cell dysfunction and associated cytokine signaling pathways, optimization of phagocytic cell function against fungal cells, and identification of robust antigens for vaccine development. However, a growing body of literature exists regarding cytotoxic cells, specifically CD8⁺ T-cells, Natural Killer cells, gamma/delta T-cells, NK T-cells, and Cytotoxic CD4⁺ T-cells, and their role in the innate and adaptive immune response during <i>C. neoformans</i> and <i>C. deneoformans</i> infection. In this review, we (1) provide a comprehensive report of data gathered from mouse and human studies on cytotoxic cell function and phenotype, (2) discuss harmonious and conflicting results on cellular responses in mice models and human infection, (3) identify gaps of knowledge in the field ripe for exploration, and (4) highlight how innovative immunological tools could enhance the study of cytotoxic cells and their potential immunomodulation during cryptococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Plant Growth-Promoting Traits of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from <i>Ligusticum chuanxiong</i> Hort and Their Interaction in Plant Growth and Development.","authors":"Qing Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Qiqi Xie, Jiwen Tao, Yujie Jia, Yirong Xiao, Zizhong Tang, Qingfeng Li, Ming Yuan, Tongliang Bu","doi":"10.3390/jof10100713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic fungi inhabit various plant tissues and organs without inducing evident disease symptoms. They can contribute positively to the growth of plants, bolster plants resilience to environmental and biological stresses, and facilitate the accumulation of secondary metabolites. These microbial resources possess significant developmental and utilization value in various applications. Hence, this study focused on exploring the plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits of 14 endophytic fungi from <i>Ligusticum chuanxiong</i> Hort (CX) and elucidating the effects and mechanisms that facilitate plant growth. According to PGP activity evaluation, the majority of strains demonstrated the capacity to produce IAA (78.57%), siderophores (50.00%), ammonia (35.71%), potassium solubilization (21.43%), nitrogen fixation (57.14%), and phosphate solubilization (42.86%). Further investigations indicated that the levels of IAA ranged from 13.05 to 301.43 μg/mL, whereas the soluble phosphorus levels ranged from 47.32 to 125.95 μg/mL. In cocultivation assays, it was indicated that <i>Fusarium</i> sp. YMY5, <i>Colletotrichum</i> sp. YMY6, <i>Alternaria</i> sp. ZZ10 and <i>Fusarium</i> sp. ZZ13 had a certain promoting effect on lateral root number and fresh weight of tobacco. Furthermore, ZZ10 and ZZ13 significantly enhanced the germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of tobacco seeds. The subsequent potted trials demonstrated that the four endophytic fungi exhibited an enhancement to growth parameters of tobacco to a certain extent. ZZ10 and ZZ13 treatment had the best promotion effect. Inoculation with YMY5 increased the chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content. ZZ10 and ZZ13 treatment remarkably increased the net photosynthetic rate, soluble sugars and soluble protein content, catalase and peroxidase activities, and lowered malondialdehyde content in tobacco leaves. In addition, YMY5 remarkably elevated superoxide dismutase activities. ZZ13 upregulated the expression of growth-related gene. Among them, ZZ13 had a better growth-promoting effect. In conclusion, these endophytic fungi possessing multi-trait characteristics and the capacity to enhance plant growth exhibit promising potential as biofertilizers or plant growth regulators.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Fungi and Their Secondary Metabolites in Aquaculture.","authors":"Abigail John Onomu, Grace Emily Okuthe","doi":"10.3390/jof10100711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ensuring sustainability has increasingly become a significant concern not only in aquaculture but in the general agrifood sector. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate pathways to feed substitutes/best practices to enhance aquaculture sustainability. The application of fungi in aquaculture provides innovative methods to enhance the sustainability and productivity of aquaculture. Fungi play numerous roles in aquaculture, including growth, immunity enhancement and disease resistance. They also play a role in bioremediation of waste and bioflocculation. The application of fungi improves the suitability and utilization of terrestrial plant ingredients in aquaculture by reducing the fibre fractions and anti-nutritional factors and increasing the nutrients and mineral contents of plant ingredients. Fungi are good flotation agents and can enhance the buoyancy of aquafeed. Pigments from fungi enhance the colouration of fish fillets, making them more attractive to consumers. This paper, via the relevant literature, explores the multifaceted roles of fungi in aquaculture, emphasizing their potential to transform aquaculture through environmentally friendly and sustainable techniques. The effectiveness of fungi in reducing fibre fractions and enhancing nutrient availability is influenced by the duration of fermentation and the dosage administered, which may differ for various feed ingredients, making it difficult for most aquaculture farmers to apply fungi approximately. Therefore, the most effective dosage and fermentation duration for each feed ingredient should be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Eucalyptus</i> and Native Broadleaf Mixed Cultures Boost Soil Multifunctionality by Regulating Soil Fertility and Fungal Community Dynamics.","authors":"Huaxiang Wang, Dian Tian, Jizhao Cao, Shiqi Ren, Yuanli Zhu, Huili Wang, Lichao Wu, Lijun Chen","doi":"10.3390/jof10100709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing recognition of mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations as a means of offsetting the detrimental impacts of pure <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations on soil fertility and the wider ecological environment is accompanied by a clear and undeniable positive impact on forest ecosystem functions. Nevertheless, the question of how mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations enhance soil multifunctionality (SMF) and the mechanisms driving soil fungal communities remains unanswered. In this study, three types of mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations were selected and compared with neighboring evergreen broadleaf forests and pure <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations. SMF was quantified using 20 parameters related to soil nutrient cycling. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) was employed to identify the key drivers regulating SMF. The findings of this study indicate that mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations significantly enhance SMF. Mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations led to improvements in soil properties (7.60-52.22%), enzyme activities (10.13-275.51%), and fungal community diversity (1.54-29.5%) to varying degrees compared with pure <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations. Additionally, the mixed plantations exhibit enhanced connectivity and complexity in fungal co-occurrence networks. The PLS-PM results reveal that soil properties, fungal diversity, and co-occurrence network complexity directly and positively drive changes in SMF. Furthermore, soil properties exert an indirect influence on SMF through their impact on fungal diversity, species composition, and network complexity. The findings of this study highlight the significant role of mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations in enhancing SMF through improved soil properties, fungal diversity, and co-occurrence network complexity. This indicates that incorporating native broadleaf species into <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations can effectively mitigate the negative impacts of monoculture plantations on soil health and ecosystem functionality. In conclusion, our study contributes to the understanding of how mixed plantations influence SMF, offering new insights into the optimization of forest management and ecological restoration strategies in artificial forest ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic and Morphological Perspectives on <i>Crepidotus</i> subg. <i>Dochmiopus</i>: Exploratively Unveiling Hidden Diversity in China.","authors":"Menghui Han, Qin Na, Renxiu Wei, Hui Zeng, Yaping Hu, Libo Zhang, Jinhong Du, Li Zou, Weimin Tang, Xianhao Cheng, Yupeng Ge","doi":"10.3390/jof10100710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Crepidotus</i> subg. <i>Dochmiopus</i> contributes to more than half of <i>Crepidotus</i> species and exhibits highly hidden diversity. However, <i>C</i>. subg. <i>Dochmiopus</i> is challenging to study because the basidiomata of <i>C</i>. subg. <i>Dochmiopus</i> species are usually small and white, inconspicuous interspecific distinctions, and possess a familiar complex. In this study, we utilized a variety of characteristics for species identification, including habitat, presence or absence of a stipe in mature specimens, pileipellis and cheilocystidia patterns, whether the lamellae edges are fimbriated, and other characteristics. Above all, cheilocystidia and pileipellis patterns will be important in <i>C</i>. subg. <i>Dochmiopus</i> research. Based on the present specimens, we constructed a multigene phylogenetic tree (ITS + LSU) and recognized four new species: <i>C. lamellomaculatus</i> sp. nov., <i>C. capitatocystidiatus</i> sp. nov., <i>C. succineus</i> sp. nov., <i>C. clavocystidiatustustus</i> sp. nov. Detailed morphological descriptions, photographs, line drawings and comparisons with closely related taxa for the new species are provided. The current phylogenetic analysis does not support the previously classifications, indicating that the classification of <i>Crepidotus</i> requires re-evaluation. But the existing molecular datasets and species' descriptions are insufficient to fully resolve the classification. Further integration of new gene segments and a comprehensive review of morphological characteristics will reveal a natural classification for <i>Crepidotus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Month Mortality in Nonhaematological Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Differences between Subtypes.","authors":"Pablo González García, Julia Fernández-Navarro, Mónica Bru-Arca, Elisa Álvarez-Artero, Pablo Solís, María Pía Roiz Mesones, Juan Luis Muñoz Bellido, María Antonia García Castro, Moncef Belhassen-García, Javier Pardo Lledías","doi":"10.3390/jof10100706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a fungal lung infection characterised by the slowly progressing destruction of the lung parenchyma and has four main subtypes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the epidemiology of CPA in our area and evaluate the involvement of the different subtypes in mortality. <b>Methods</b>: This was a descriptive longitudinal retrospective study developed in three tertiary hospitals in Spain. Among all patients admitted with a pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosis, we selected those who fulfilled the criteria for chronic aspergillosis according to the criteria of Denning, excluding those with a haematological disorder. <b>Results</b>: Among 409 inpatients recorded as having a pulmonary aspergillosis infection, only 76 (18.5%) fulfilled the criteria for CPA, with an estimated incidence of 0.67 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year. The subtypes detected were subacute invasive aspergillosis (SAIA) in 33 (43.4%) patients, simple aspergilloma (SA) in 25 (32.9%) patients, cavitary chronic aspergillosis (CCPA) in 13 (17.1%) patients, and chronic fibrosis (CFPA) in five (6.5%) patients. The overall three-month mortality rate was 23%, which was higher in SAIA patients. The predictors of early mortality were age > 65 years (OR 3.0 CI 95 1.0-9.5 <i>p</i> = 0.043) and the SAIA subtype vs. other subtypes (OR 3.1 CI 95 1.0-9.5 <i>p</i> = 0.042). <b>Conclusions</b>: The incidence rate estimated was inferior to that previously reported. The three-month mortality in patients with CPA was high, with older age and the SAIA subtype being the variable independent predictors of a worse prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Quality Suffices for Nanopore Metabarcoding? Reconsidering Methodology and Ectomycorrhizae in Decaying <i>Fagus sylvatica</i> Bark as Case Study.","authors":"Glen Dierickx, Lowie Tondeleir, Pieter Asselman, Kris Vandekerkhove, Annemieke Verbeken","doi":"10.3390/jof10100708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanopore raw read accuracy has improved to over 99%, making it a potential tool for metabarcoding. For broad adoption, guidelines on quality filtering are needed to ensure reliable taxonomic unit recovery. This study aims to provide those guidelines for a fungal metabarcoding context and to apply them to a case study of ectomycorrhizae in the decaying bark of <i>Fagus sylvatica</i>. We introduce the eNano pipeline to test two standard metabarcoding approaches: (1) Reference-based mapping leveraging UNITE's species hypothesis system (SH approach); (2) Constructing 98% OTUs (OTU approach). Our results demonstrate that both approaches are effective with Nanopore data. When using a reference database, we recommend strict mapping criteria rather than Phred-based filtering. Leveraging the SH-system further enhances reproducibility and facilitates cross-study communication. For the 98% OTUs, filtering reads at ≥Q25 is recommended. Our case study reveals that the decay gradient is a primary determinant of community composition and that specific mycorrhizal fungi colonize decaying bark. Complementing our metabarcoding results with root tip morphotypification, we identify <i>Laccaria amethystina</i> and <i>Tomentella sublilacina</i> as key ectomycorrhizae of saplings on decaying logs. These findings demonstrate that Nanopore sequencing can provide valuable ecological insights and support its broader use in fungal metabarcoding as read quality continues to improve.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Species Distribution and Resistance of Candidemia in Pediatric and Adult Patients in a Northeast Italy University Hospital.","authors":"Silvia Meneghello, Giulia Bernabè, Giuseppe Di Pietra, Sarah Di Sopra, Claudia Del Vecchio, Anna Maria Cattelan, Ignazio Castagliuolo, Paola Brun","doi":"10.3390/jof10100707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Candidemia and invasive candidiasis (IC) are causes of morbidity and mortality in healthcare settings, with notable differences between children and adults. Understanding the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of clinical isolates can guide empiric therapy in patients at risk of IC. This study investigated the incidence and antifungal susceptibility patterns of yeasts involved in IC in pediatric and adult patients from 2019 to 2023. The average incidence of IC was 0.715 per 1000 patients, increasing over the study period; infants had the highest incidence rates. Over half of the IC episodes occurred in intensive care units (ICUs). Non-<i>albicans Candida</i> (NAC) species represented the most frequently isolated species in adults and children (55.96% and 50.0%, respectively), with the prevalence of <i>C. parapsilosis</i> (26.45% and 14.7%, respectively), <i>N. glabratus</i> (14.97% and 8.82%, respectively) and <i>C. tropicalis</i> (4.36% and 2.94%, respectively). <i>C. lusitaniae</i> was identified in 14.7% of pediatric IC cases. In NAC species, antifungal resistance has also increased over the five years of the study: 69.12% were resistant to azoles and 7.35% were resistant to micafungin. Resistance was higher in pediatric patients. Our study highlights differences in IC characteristics between pediatric and adult populations and emphasizes the importance of targeted antifungal stewardship in ICU patients with NAC invasive infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}