Journal of Fungi最新文献

{"title":"Calcium-Induced Regulation of <i>Sanghuangporus baumii</i> Growth and the Biosynthesis of Its Triterpenoids.","authors":"Zengcai Liu, Ying Yu, Shiyuan Wang, Li Zou","doi":"10.3390/jof11030238","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Sanghuangporus baumii</i>, a fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine, produces important pharmacological compounds such as triterpenoids, but at levels significantly lower than those required for medical use. This study investigated the effects of various concentrations of Ca²⁺ on <i>S. baumii</i> mycelial growth and the heterologous biosynthesis of <i>S. baumii</i> triterpenoids. Under induction by 10 mM Ca²⁺, the growth rate (0.39 cm/d) and biomass (4.48 g/L) of <i>S. baumii</i> mycelia were 1.03% and 10.05% higher than those in the 0 mM Ca²⁺-treatment group, respectively. In contrast, 200 mM Ca²⁺ significantly inhibited the growth rate and biomass of the mycelia. Notably, the total triterpenoid content reached its peak (17.71 mg/g) in the 200 mM Ca²⁺-treatment group, with a significant increase in the Ca²⁺ content (3869.97 µg/g) in the mycelia. Subsequently, the differential metabolic pathways and related genes between the <i>S. baumii</i> groups were examined using transcriptomic analysis. The results indicated that the increase in the growth rate and biomass of <i>S. baumii</i> mycelia was primarily due to elevated soluble sugar content, whereas the growth inhibition was associated with the toxic effects of H₂O₂. The observed differences in triterpenoid content were mainly attributed to the activation of the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway and the <i>AACT</i> gene. Finally, the <i>AACT</i> gene was cloned and transformed into yeast cells, thus creating strain Sc-AA1. Upon treatment at the optimal Ca²⁺ concentration, the squalene content of strain Sc-AA1 reached 0.78 mg/g, 2.89-fold higher than that in the control group. These findings are significant for the heterologous biosynthesis of triterpenoids from <i>S. baumii</i>. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of producing triterpenoids in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and provides a foundation for future optimization toward achieving industrially relevant yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Are \"Lingzhi Wang\" or \"Zhu Lingzhi\"? Notes on <i>Ganoderma</i> (Ganodermataceae, Polyporales) Species Characterized by Diminutive Pilei and Gracile Stipes from Hainan Island, Tropical China.","authors":"Run Tian, Hua-Zhi Qin, Qing Zhong, Zhi-Qun Liang, Xue-Yan Zhang, Xiao-Dong Mu, Lin Xu, Ting-Chi Wen, Xiang-Dong Chen, Nian-Kai Zeng","doi":"10.3390/jof11030237","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species of <i>Ganoderma</i> (Ganodermataceae, Polyporales) have been extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine for over two millennia, owing to their remarkable medicinal properties and diverse chemical constituents. Hainan Island, located in tropical China, harbors a rich diversity of <i>Ganoderma</i> species. Among these, certain varieties referred to as \"Lingzhi Wang\" or \"Zhu Lingzhi\" by indigenous communities are distinguished by their diminutive pilei and slender stipes. Despite their traditional recognition, these species have been subject to morphological confusion. In this study, specimens labeled as \"Lingzhi Wang\" or \"Zhu Lingzhi\" were subjected to comprehensive morphological examinations and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The findings reveal that the <i>Ganoderma</i> species characterized by small pilei and gracile stipes encompass at least five distinct species. Among these, two are new to science: <i>G. baisuzhenii</i> and <i>G. shennongii</i>. The remaining three species, <i>G. bambusicola</i>, <i>G. flexipes</i>, and <i>G. subflexipes</i>, have been previously described. Taxonomically, <i>G. bambusicola</i> was reported for the first time on the Chinese mainland. This study provides a clearer taxonomic framework for these medicinally significant fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection-A Pilot Study.","authors":"Vittorio Ivagnes, Elena De Carolis, Carlotta Magrì, Riccardo Torelli, Brunella Posteraro, Maurizio Sanguinetti","doi":"10.3390/jof11030234","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermatomycosis, including the most prevalent onychomycosis, significantly impacts patients' quality of life due to its chronic nature and high recurrence rate. Conventional diagnostic methods are often limited by low sensitivity and specificity and prolonged turnaround times. This study evaluates the EUROArray Dermatomycosis Platform, a microarray-based molecular assay, for its performance in identifying fungi causing dermatomycosis. Forty reference fungal strains, covering on-panel and off-panel species, and 120 clinical samples from patients with suspected dermatomycosis were analyzed. The platform's accuracy was compared to microscopy and/or culture as the diagnostic standard. The assay demonstrated 100% analytical sensitivity and 97.1% analytical specificity, correctly identifying 33 of 34 fungal species while misclassifying one. In clinical samples, the assay showed good sensitivity (78.6%) and high specificity (91.7%), detecting additional positive cases missed by culture, which highlights the assay's ability to identify non-viable fungi and low fungal loads. The assay achieved a positive predictive value of 75.9% and a negative predictive value of 92.8%, reinforcing its diagnostic reliability. Despite some discordances, the assay provides rapid results and broad-spectrum fungal detection, positioning it as a valuable complement to conventional diagnostics. Future improvements, including expanding the identification panel and optimizing sample handling, could further enhance its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Antifungal Resistance Among <i>Candida</i> Species: An Eight-Year Retrospective Study in the Galveston-Houston Gulf Coast Region.","authors":"Michael D Nguyen, Ping Ren","doi":"10.3390/jof11030232","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal systemic infections are a growing global health concern, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. <i>Candida</i> species are the leading cause of invasive fungal infections, with <i>C. albicans</i> historically being the most prevalent. The emergence of <i>C. auris</i>, known for its multidrug resistance, presents additional challenges for treatment and infection control. This study retrospectively analyzed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) data for common <i>Candida</i> species isolated from patients in the Galveston-Houston Gulf Coast region from the EPIC Laboratory Information System (LIS) between October 2016 and September 2024. Antifungal susceptibility was assessed using the Sensititre^TM YeastOne^TM YO9 AST Plate and interpreted per Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. A total of 1206 clinical yeast isolates from over 29 species were identified, with <i>Candida</i> species accounting for 94.5% (1140). <i>C. albicans</i> (30.7%), <i>C. glabrata</i> (23.5%), <i>C. parapsilosis</i> (12.2%), and <i>C. tropicalis</i> (10.4%) were the most prevalent. <i>C. auris</i> (6.2%) emerged in late 2021 in our region, showing high MICs against fluconazole (92%) and amphotericin B (32.2%). While <i>C. albicans, C. parapsilosis</i>, and <i>C. tropicalis</i> remained susceptible to echinocandins, fluconazole resistance showed an increasing trend. <i>C. glabrata</i> exhibited variable susceptibility to both echinocandins and azoles. These findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced antifungal stewardship, improved diagnostics, and novel therapeutic strategies. Continued regional surveillance and targeted interventions are essential to mitigating the impact of antifungal resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Types of Fertilizers on the Growth of Cassava and the Fungal Community in Rhizosphere Soil.","authors":"Qinyun Liu, Xiaojing Lu, Chunyu Xiang, Shan Yu, Jie Zhang, Kaimian Li, Wenjun Ou, Songbi Chen, Jie Cai","doi":"10.3390/jof11030235","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the growing importance of cassava worldwide, developing efficient and eco-friendly fertilizer strategies is crucial for sustainable cassava production. Diverse fertilizer treatments can significantly influence soil properties and plant growth. In this study, we investigated the effects of three fertilizer treatments-organic fertilizer (OF), chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (CFOF), and reduced chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (RFOF)-on the fungal community structure, chemical properties (SOM, AP, AN, and AK), and enzyme activities (NP, SC, CAT, and UE) in cassava rhizosphere. Our results demonstrated that these fertilizer treatments significantly enhanced cassava growth and yield compared to the control (CK) without fertilization. Soil chemical properties (SOM, AN, AP, and AK) and enzyme activities (NP, SC, CAT, and UE) were notably improved following fertilization. High-throughput sequencing revealed the significant alterations in the relative abundance of specific fungal taxa. Environmental parameters, particularly UE, SC, CAT, and AP, showed strong correlations with fungal community structure. These findings highlight the critical role of combined organic and chemical fertilizers in promoting cassava productivity and soil health. Understanding these interactions provides a foundation for optimizing fertilization practices to enhance crop yields and support sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal Sinusitis Spreading to the Sellar Region Mimicking a Pituitary Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Sandra Pekic Djurdjevic, Valentina Arsic Arsenijevic","doi":"10.3390/jof11030233","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic fungal sinusitis (FS) can cause bone erosion and extend to the sellar region, often misdiagnosed as pituitary tumors or malignancies. We report a 56-year-old immunocompetent female with sphenoid FS presenting as a giant sellar mass compressing the optic chiasm, with normal pituitary function. The surgery successfully resolved her symptoms, and a histological examination confirmed the presence of a fungal hyphal mass. We conducted a literature review of 52 publications on FS cases with bone erosion and inflammatory extension to the sellar region, which included analyses of 67 patients (35 females, mean age 49.6 years, half immunocompetent). The most common symptom was headache (73.1%), followed by visual complaints (71.7%), visual deterioration (40.3%), ophthalmoplegia (38.8%), and visual field defects (13.4%). Symptom duration averaged 4.5 months in 65.7% of cases. <i>Aspergillus</i> was the most frequent (71.6%). Hormonal abnormalities included hypopituitarism (25.4%) and hyperprolactinemia (13.4%). Surgery was performed in 92.5% of patients. Common diagnoses included pituitary abscess (41.8%), fungal granuloma (16.4%), aspergillosis (16.4%) and allergic FS (14.9%). Antifungal therapy was administered in 53.7% of cases. Cure was achieved in 67.2%, while the mortality rate was 10.4%. Early recognition of fungal involvement, supported by a multidisciplinary approach, is essential for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. This highlights the need for vigilance to improve the outcomes in similar cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11942887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hidden Fortress: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Biofilms with Emphasis on <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>.","authors":"Hope M Pruitt, Jinyi C Zhu, Sean P Riley, Meiqing Shi","doi":"10.3390/jof11030236","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biofilms are structurally organized communities of microorganisms that adhere to a variety of surfaces. These communities produce protective matrices consisting of polymeric polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and/or lipids that promote shared resistance to various environmental threats, including chemical, antibiotic, and immune insults. While algal and bacterial biofilms are more apparent in the scientific zeitgeist, many fungal pathogens also form biofilms. These surprisingly common biofilms are morphologically distinct from the multicellular molds and mushrooms normally associated with fungi and are instead an assemblage of single-celled organisms. As a collection of yeast and filamentous cells cloaked in an extracellular matrix, fungal biofilms are an extreme threat to public health, especially in conjunction with surgical implants. The encapsulated yeast, <i>Cryptococcus neoformans,</i> is an opportunistic pathogen that causes both pulmonary and disseminated infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. However, there is an emerging trend of cryptococcosis among otherwise healthy individuals. <i>C. neoformans</i> forms biofilms in diverse environments, including within human hosts. Notably, biofilm association correlates with increased expression of multiple virulence factors and increased resistance to both host defenses and antifungal treatments. Thus, it is crucial to develop novel strategies to combat fungal biofilms. In this review, we discuss the development and treatment of fungal biofilms, with a particular focus on <i>C. neoformans</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Phosphatases MoPtc5, MoPtc1, and MoPtc2 Contribute to the Vegetative Growth, Stress Adaptation, and Virulence of <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>.","authors":"Jules Biregeya, Frankline Jagero Otieno, Meilian Chen, Anjago Wilfred Mabeche, Abah Felix, Nsanzinshuti Aimable, Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar, Osakina Aron, Guodong Lu, Zonghua Wang, Yonghe Hong, Wei Tang","doi":"10.3390/jof11030231","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein phosphatases are crucial enzymes that regulate key cellular processes such as the cell cycle, gene transcription, and translation in eukaryotes. Seven PP2C protein phosphatases have been identified in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>. However, their synergistic roles in the pathology and physiology of <i>M. oryzae</i> remain poorly investigated. By qRT-PCR analysis, we found that PTC1 and PTC2 are significantly upregulated in the PTC5 deletion mutant. The double deletion of the <i>MoPTC5</i>/<i>MoPTC1</i> and <i>MoPTC5</i>/<i>MoPTC2</i> genes significantly reduced hyphal growth, conidiophore formation, sporulation, and virulence in <i>M. oryzae</i>. In addition, the double-knockout mutants were increasingly sensitive to different osmotic, oxidative, and cell wall stresses. Western blot analysis revealed that MoPtc5 plays a synergistic function with MoPtc1 and MoPtc2 in the regulation of MoMps1 and MoOsm1 phosphorylation levels. Lastly, appressorium formation and turgor generation were remarkably affected in the Δ<i>Moptc5</i>Δ<i>Moptc1</i> and Δ<i>Moptc5</i>Δ<i>Moptc2</i> double-deletion mutants. These findings demonstrate the overlapping roles of PP2c protein phosphatase in the fungal development and pathogenesis of <i>M. oryzae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11943610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Genome Sequencing of <i>Flammulina filiformis</i> and Multi-Omics Analysis in Response to Low Temperature.","authors":"Xinmin Liang, Jing Han, Yuqin Cui, Xueqin Shu, Mengting Lei, Bo Wang, Dinghong Jia, Weihong Peng, Xiaolan He, Xun Liu","doi":"10.3390/jof11030229","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growth of <i>Flammulina filiformis</i> is strongly dependent on low-temperature cues for the initiation of primordia formation. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern the mycelial response to cold stress, de novo genome sequencing of the <i>F. filiformis</i> monokaryon and multi-omics data (transcriptome and metabolome) analyses of the mycelia, primordia, and fruiting bodies were conducted in the present study. Genome sequencing based on PacBio HiFi and Hi-C resulted in a 36.3 Mb genome sequence that mapped to 12 chromosomes, comprising 11,886 protein-coding genes. A total of 25 cold-responsive (COR) genes and 520 cold-adapted enzymes were identified in the genome. Multi-omics analyses showed that the pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism in the mycelia under low temperature (10 °C) were significantly enriched. Further examination of the expression profiles of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) involved in carbohydrate metabolism revealed that out of 515 CAZyme genes in <i>F. filiformis</i>, 58 were specifically upregulated in mycelia under low-temperature conditions. By contrast, the expression levels of these genes in primordia and fruiting bodies reverted to those prior to low-temperature exposure. These indicate that CAZyme genes are important for the low-temperature adaptation of <i>F. filiformis</i>. This research contributes to the targeted breeding of <i>F. filiformis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11942922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Ellsworth, M.; Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. Isavuconazole: Mechanism of Action, Clinical Efficacy, and Resistance. <i>J. Fungi</i> 2020, <i>6</i>, 324.","authors":"Misti Ellsworth, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner","doi":"10.3390/jof11030226","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jof11030226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original article [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}