Journal of Fungi最新文献

{"title":"A Treasure Trove of Urban Microbial Diversity: Community and Diversity Characteristics of Urban Ancient <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Rhizosphere Microorganisms in Shanghai.","authors":"Jieying Mao, Qiong Wang, Yaying Yang, Feng Pan, Ziwei Zou, Xiaona Su, Yi Wang, Wei Liu, Yaohua Tang","doi":"10.3390/jof10100720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid urbanization has exerted immense pressure on urban environments, severely constraining the growth of ancient trees. The growth of ancient trees is closely linked to the microbial communities in their rhizospheres, and studying their community characteristics may provide new insights into promoting the growth and rejuvenation of ancient trees. In this study, the rhizosphere soil and root systems of ancient <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> trees (approximately 200 years old) and adult <i>G. biloba</i> trees (approximately 50 years old) in Shanghai were selected as research subjects. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and high-throughput sequencing were employed to investigate the diversity of microbial communities in the <i>G. biloba</i> rhizosphere. The results indicated that the 19 PLFA species selected to characterize the soil microbial community structure and biomass were present in the rhizosphere soil of both ancient and adult <i>G. biloba</i> trees. However, the total microbial biomass and the microbial biomass in the rhizosphere soil of ancient <i>G. biloba</i> were lower than the microbial biomass in the rhizosphere soil of adult <i>G. biloba</i>. The biomasses of Gram-negative bacteria (G^-), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and protozoans (P) were significantly different. Total phosphorus, organic matter, and pH may be the key factors influencing the soil microbial community in the rhizosphere zone of ancient <i>G. biloba</i>. An in-depth study of AMF showed that the roots and rhizosphere soil of <i>G. biloba</i> contained abundant AMF resources, which were assigned to 224 virtual taxa using the MaarjAM reference database, belonging to four orders, ten families, and nineteen genera. The first and second most dominant genera were <i>Glomus</i> and <i>Paraglomus</i>, respectively. <i>Archaeospora</i> and <i>Ambispora</i> were more dominant in the rhizosphere than the roots. Furthermore, the abundance of live AMF was significantly higher in ancient <i>G. biloba</i> than in adult <i>G. biloba</i>. Therefore, future research should focus on the improvement of soil environmental characteristics and the identification and cultivation of indigenous dominant AMF in the rhizosphere of ancient <i>G. biloba</i>, aiming for their effective application in the rejuvenation of ancient trees.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Diagnosis of Plant Quarantine Fungus <i>Setophoma terrestris</i>.","authors":"Peng Zhao, Zhipeng Feng, Lei Cai, Dorji Phurbu, Weijun Duan, Fuhong Xie, Xuelian Li, Fang Liu","doi":"10.3390/jof10100716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Setophoma terrestris</i> is an important phytopathogenic fungus listed by China as a harmful fungus subject to phytosanitary import control. This pathogen is a threat to a wide range of plants, particularly as the causal agent of onion pink root rot, one of the most severe diseases of onions. In order to provide rapid identification and early warning of <i>S. terrestris</i> and prevent its spread, we have developed a rapid, accurate, and visually intuitive diagnostic assay for this pathogen, by utilizing recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), coupled with CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage and fluorescence-based detection systems or paper-based lateral flow strips. The developed RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay exhibited remarkable specificity for the detection of <i>S. terrestris.</i> Moreover, this protocol can detect the pathogen at a sensitivity level of 0.01 pg/μL, which significantly outperforms the 1 pg/μL sensitivity achieved by the existing qPCR-based detection method. The entire diagnostic procedure, including DNA extraction, the RPA reaction, the Cas12a cleavage, and the result interpretation, can be accomplished in 40 min. Furthermore, the successful application of the assay in infected plant samples highlighted its potential for rapid and accurate pathogen detection in agricultural settings. In summary, this RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a diagnostic method offers a potentially valuable technological solution for quarantine and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (QMRI) to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Ultrasonic Atomization of Water in Truffle Preservation.","authors":"Alessia Marino, Marco Leonardi, Alessandra Zambonelli, Mirco Iotti, Angelo Galante","doi":"10.3390/jof10100717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Truffles of the <i>Tuber</i> genus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes) are among the most valuable and expensive foods, but their shelf life is limited to 7-10 days when stored at 4 °C. Alternative preservation methods have been proposed to extend their shelf life, though they may alter certain quality parameters. Recently, a hypogeal display case equipped with an ultrasonic humidity system (HDC) was developed, extending the shelf life to 2-3 weeks, depending on the truffle species. This study assesses the efficacy of HDC in preserving <i>Tuber melanosporum</i> and <i>Tuber borchii</i> ascomata over 16 days, using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (QMRI) to monitor water content and other parameters. Sixteen <i>T. melanosporum</i> and six <i>T. borchii</i> ascomata were stored at 4 °C in an HDC or a static fridge (SF) as controls. QMRI confirmed that <i>T. borchii</i> has a shorter shelf life than <i>T. melanosporum</i> under all conditions. HDC reduced the rate of shrinkage, water, and mass loss in both species. Additionally, the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), longitudinal relaxation time (T1), and transverse relaxation time (T2), which reflect molecular changes, decreased more slowly in HDC than SF. QMRI proves useful for studying water-rich samples and assessing truffle preservation technologies. Further optimization of this method for industrial use is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemic Properties of <i>Leccinum scabrum</i> Extracts-An In Vitro Study on α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibition and Metabolic Profile Determination.","authors":"Valeria Ferraro, Anna Spagnoletta, Natalie Paola Rotondo, René Massimiliano Marsano, Daniela Valeria Miniero, Gaetano Balenzano, Annalisa De Palma, Alessandro Colletti, Maria Letizia Gargano, Giovanni Lentini, Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi","doi":"10.3390/jof10100718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type-2 diabetes affects an increasing percentage of the world's population and its control through dietary management, involving the consumption of health-promoting foods or their derived supplements, is a common strategy. Several mushroom species have been demonstrated to be endowed with antidiabetic properties, resulting from their ability in improving insulin sensitivity and production, or inhibiting the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. This study aimed to investigate for the first time the hypoglycemic properties of the edible mushroom <i>Leccinum scabrum</i> (Bull.) Gray. Mushroom extracts were prepared through the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique using green solvents with different polarity degrees. The inhibition activity of all the obtained extracts on both α-glucosidase and α-amylase was evaluated and the highest activity was observed for the EtOAc extract which showed an IC₅₀ value about 60-fold lower than the reference compound 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) on α-glucosidase (0.42 ± 0.02 and 25.4 ± 0.6 µg/mL, respectively). As expected on the basis of the literature data concerning both α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition, a milder inhibition activity on pancreatic α-amylase was observed. Preliminary in vivo tests on <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> carried out on the most active obtained extract (EtOAc) confirmed the in vitro observed hypoglycemic activity. Finally, the EtOAc extract metabolic profile was determined through GC-MS and HRMS analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Pathogenicity of <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> on Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Using a Rapid and Robust Seedling Screening Method.","authors":"Andrew Chen, Duy P Le, Linda J Smith, Dinesh Kafle, Elizabeth A B Aitken, Donald M Gardiner","doi":"10.3390/jof10100715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium</i> spp.) is the most important fibre crop worldwide. Black root rot and Fusarium wilt are two major diseases of cotton caused by soil-borne <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> (<i>Fov</i>), respectively. Phenotyping plant symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens has always been a challenge. To increase the uniformity of infection, we adapted a seedling screening method that directly uses liquid cultures to inoculate the plant roots and the soil. Four isolates, each of <i>B. rouxiae</i> and <i>Fov</i>, were collected from cotton fields in Australia and were characterised for virulence on cotton under controlled plant growth conditions. While the identities of all four <i>B. rouxiae</i> isolates were confirmed by multilocus sequencing, only two of them were found to be pathogenic on cotton, suggesting variability in the ability of isolates of this species to cause disease. The four <i>Fov</i> isolates were phylogenetically clustered together with the other Australian <i>Fov</i> isolates and displayed both external and internal symptoms characteristic of Fusarium wilt on cotton plants. Furthermore, the isolates appeared to induce varied levels of plant disease severity indicating differences in their virulence on cotton. To contrast the virulence of the <i>Fov</i> isolates, four putatively non-pathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (<i>Fo</i>) isolates collected from cotton seedlings exhibiting atypical wilt symptoms were assessed for their ability to colonise cotton host. Despite the absence of <i>Secreted in Xylem</i> genes (<i>SIX6</i>, <i>SIX11</i>, <i>SIX13</i> and <i>SIX14</i>) characteristic of <i>Fov</i>, all four <i>Fo</i> isolates retained the ability to colonise cotton and induce wilt symptoms. This suggests that slightly virulent strains of <i>Fo</i> may contribute to the overall occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cotton fields. Findings from this study will allow better distinction to be made between plant pathogens and endophytes and allow fungal effectors underpinning pathogenicity to be explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sorting and Transport of the Cargo Protein CcSnc1 by the Retromer Complex Regulate the Growth, Development, and Pathogenicity of <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i>.","authors":"Shuyuan Cheng, Yunfei Long, Xiaoyang Zhang, Bing Liu, Shuilin Song, Genghua Li, Yuzhuan Hu, Lei Du, Quanxing Wang, Junxi Jiang, Guihong Xiong","doi":"10.3390/jof10100714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In eukaryotes, the retromer complex is critical for the transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Despite its importance, there is a lack of research on the retromer-mediated transport of cargo proteins regulating the growth, development, and pathogenicity of filamentous fungi. In the present study, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression levels of the retromer complex (<i>CcVPS35</i>, <i>CcVPS29</i> and <i>CcVPS26</i>) were significantly elevated during the early stages of <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i> invasion. Gene knockout and complementation analyses further highlighted the critical role of the retromer complex in <i>C. cassiicola</i> infection. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the retromer complex was mainly localized to the vacuolar membrane and partially to endosomes and the TGN. Further research found that the retromer core subunit CcVps35 can interact with the cargo protein CcSnc1. Subcellular localization showed that CcSnc1 is mainly located at the hyphal tip and partially in endosomes and the Golgi apparatus. Deletion of <i>CcVPS35</i> resulted in the missorting of CcSnc1 into the vacuolar degradation pathway, indicating that the retromer can sort CcSnc1 from endosomes and transport it to the TGN. Additionally, gene knockout and complementation analyses demonstrated that <i>CcSnc1</i> is critical for the growth, development, and pathogenicity of <i>C. cassiicola</i>. In summary, the vesicular transport pathway involving the retromer complex regulates the sorting and transport of the cargo protein CcSnc1, which is important for the growth, development and pathogenicity of <i>C. cassiicola.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of the Field: Cytotoxic Immune Cell Responses in <i>C. neoformans</i> and <i>C. deneoformans</i> Infection.","authors":"Elizabeth C Okafor, Kirsten Nielsen","doi":"10.3390/jof10100712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> is an environmental pathogen that causes life-threatening disease in immunocompromised persons. The majority of immunological studies have centered on CD4⁺ T-cell dysfunction and associated cytokine signaling pathways, optimization of phagocytic cell function against fungal cells, and identification of robust antigens for vaccine development. However, a growing body of literature exists regarding cytotoxic cells, specifically CD8⁺ T-cells, Natural Killer cells, gamma/delta T-cells, NK T-cells, and Cytotoxic CD4⁺ T-cells, and their role in the innate and adaptive immune response during <i>C. neoformans</i> and <i>C. deneoformans</i> infection. In this review, we (1) provide a comprehensive report of data gathered from mouse and human studies on cytotoxic cell function and phenotype, (2) discuss harmonious and conflicting results on cellular responses in mice models and human infection, (3) identify gaps of knowledge in the field ripe for exploration, and (4) highlight how innovative immunological tools could enhance the study of cytotoxic cells and their potential immunomodulation during cryptococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Plant Growth-Promoting Traits of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from <i>Ligusticum chuanxiong</i> Hort and Their Interaction in Plant Growth and Development.","authors":"Qing Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Qiqi Xie, Jiwen Tao, Yujie Jia, Yirong Xiao, Zizhong Tang, Qingfeng Li, Ming Yuan, Tongliang Bu","doi":"10.3390/jof10100713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic fungi inhabit various plant tissues and organs without inducing evident disease symptoms. They can contribute positively to the growth of plants, bolster plants resilience to environmental and biological stresses, and facilitate the accumulation of secondary metabolites. These microbial resources possess significant developmental and utilization value in various applications. Hence, this study focused on exploring the plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits of 14 endophytic fungi from <i>Ligusticum chuanxiong</i> Hort (CX) and elucidating the effects and mechanisms that facilitate plant growth. According to PGP activity evaluation, the majority of strains demonstrated the capacity to produce IAA (78.57%), siderophores (50.00%), ammonia (35.71%), potassium solubilization (21.43%), nitrogen fixation (57.14%), and phosphate solubilization (42.86%). Further investigations indicated that the levels of IAA ranged from 13.05 to 301.43 μg/mL, whereas the soluble phosphorus levels ranged from 47.32 to 125.95 μg/mL. In cocultivation assays, it was indicated that <i>Fusarium</i> sp. YMY5, <i>Colletotrichum</i> sp. YMY6, <i>Alternaria</i> sp. ZZ10 and <i>Fusarium</i> sp. ZZ13 had a certain promoting effect on lateral root number and fresh weight of tobacco. Furthermore, ZZ10 and ZZ13 significantly enhanced the germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of tobacco seeds. The subsequent potted trials demonstrated that the four endophytic fungi exhibited an enhancement to growth parameters of tobacco to a certain extent. ZZ10 and ZZ13 treatment had the best promotion effect. Inoculation with YMY5 increased the chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content. ZZ10 and ZZ13 treatment remarkably increased the net photosynthetic rate, soluble sugars and soluble protein content, catalase and peroxidase activities, and lowered malondialdehyde content in tobacco leaves. In addition, YMY5 remarkably elevated superoxide dismutase activities. ZZ13 upregulated the expression of growth-related gene. Among them, ZZ13 had a better growth-promoting effect. In conclusion, these endophytic fungi possessing multi-trait characteristics and the capacity to enhance plant growth exhibit promising potential as biofertilizers or plant growth regulators.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Fungi and Their Secondary Metabolites in Aquaculture.","authors":"Abigail John Onomu, Grace Emily Okuthe","doi":"10.3390/jof10100711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ensuring sustainability has increasingly become a significant concern not only in aquaculture but in the general agrifood sector. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate pathways to feed substitutes/best practices to enhance aquaculture sustainability. The application of fungi in aquaculture provides innovative methods to enhance the sustainability and productivity of aquaculture. Fungi play numerous roles in aquaculture, including growth, immunity enhancement and disease resistance. They also play a role in bioremediation of waste and bioflocculation. The application of fungi improves the suitability and utilization of terrestrial plant ingredients in aquaculture by reducing the fibre fractions and anti-nutritional factors and increasing the nutrients and mineral contents of plant ingredients. Fungi are good flotation agents and can enhance the buoyancy of aquafeed. Pigments from fungi enhance the colouration of fish fillets, making them more attractive to consumers. This paper, via the relevant literature, explores the multifaceted roles of fungi in aquaculture, emphasizing their potential to transform aquaculture through environmentally friendly and sustainable techniques. The effectiveness of fungi in reducing fibre fractions and enhancing nutrient availability is influenced by the duration of fermentation and the dosage administered, which may differ for various feed ingredients, making it difficult for most aquaculture farmers to apply fungi approximately. Therefore, the most effective dosage and fermentation duration for each feed ingredient should be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Eucalyptus</i> and Native Broadleaf Mixed Cultures Boost Soil Multifunctionality by Regulating Soil Fertility and Fungal Community Dynamics.","authors":"Huaxiang Wang, Dian Tian, Jizhao Cao, Shiqi Ren, Yuanli Zhu, Huili Wang, Lichao Wu, Lijun Chen","doi":"10.3390/jof10100709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing recognition of mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations as a means of offsetting the detrimental impacts of pure <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations on soil fertility and the wider ecological environment is accompanied by a clear and undeniable positive impact on forest ecosystem functions. Nevertheless, the question of how mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations enhance soil multifunctionality (SMF) and the mechanisms driving soil fungal communities remains unanswered. In this study, three types of mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations were selected and compared with neighboring evergreen broadleaf forests and pure <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations. SMF was quantified using 20 parameters related to soil nutrient cycling. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) was employed to identify the key drivers regulating SMF. The findings of this study indicate that mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations significantly enhance SMF. Mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations led to improvements in soil properties (7.60-52.22%), enzyme activities (10.13-275.51%), and fungal community diversity (1.54-29.5%) to varying degrees compared with pure <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations. Additionally, the mixed plantations exhibit enhanced connectivity and complexity in fungal co-occurrence networks. The PLS-PM results reveal that soil properties, fungal diversity, and co-occurrence network complexity directly and positively drive changes in SMF. Furthermore, soil properties exert an indirect influence on SMF through their impact on fungal diversity, species composition, and network complexity. The findings of this study highlight the significant role of mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native broadleaf plantations in enhancing SMF through improved soil properties, fungal diversity, and co-occurrence network complexity. This indicates that incorporating native broadleaf species into <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations can effectively mitigate the negative impacts of monoculture plantations on soil health and ecosystem functionality. In conclusion, our study contributes to the understanding of how mixed plantations influence SMF, offering new insights into the optimization of forest management and ecological restoration strategies in artificial forest ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}