Journal of General and Applied Microbiology最新文献_第10页

Physiological and genomic analysis of newly-isolated polysaccharide synthesizing cyanobacterium Chroococcus sp. FPU101 and chemical analysis of the exopolysaccharide. 蓝藻双球菌FPU101合成新分离多糖的生理和基因组分析及外多糖的化学分析。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-11-25 Epub Date: 2021-07-10 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.02.002

Shinya Yoshikawa, Yu Kanesaki, Akira Uemura, Kazumasa Yamada, Maiko Okajima, Tatsuo Kaneko, Kaori Ohki

{"title":"Physiological and genomic analysis of newly-isolated polysaccharide synthesizing cyanobacterium Chroococcus sp. FPU101 and chemical analysis of the exopolysaccharide.","authors":"Shinya Yoshikawa, Yu Kanesaki, Akira Uemura, Kazumasa Yamada, Maiko Okajima, Tatsuo Kaneko, Kaori Ohki","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2021.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2021.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"A unicellular cyanobacterium that produces a large amount of exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated. The isolate, named Chroococcus sp. FPU101, grew between 20 and 30°C and at light intensities between 10 and 80 μmol m-2 s-1. Purified EPS from Chroococcus sp. FPU101 had a molecular size of 5.9 × 103 kDa and contained galactose, rhamnose, fucose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid at a molar ratio of 17.2:15.9:14.1:11.0:9.6:9.5:13.0:9.7. The EPS content significantly increased when the NaCl concentration in the medium was increased from 1.7 to 100 mM. However, high NaCl concentrations did not significantly affect the molecular size or chemical composition of the EPS. The genes wza, wzb, wzc, wzx, wzy, and wzz that are involved in EPS synthesis were conserved in the genome of Chroococcus sp. FPU101, which was sequenced in this study. These results suggest that the Wzy-dependent pathway is potentially involved in EPS production in this organism.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 5","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39173089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Corynebacterium glutamicum Mycoredoxin 3 protects against multiple oxidative stresses and displays thioredoxin-like activity. 谷氨酰胺棒状杆菌核氧化还蛋白3可以抵抗多种氧化应激并显示类似硫氧还蛋白的活性。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Epub Date: 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2019.10.003

Tao Su, Chengchuan Che, Ping Sun, Xiaona Li, Zhijin Gong, Jinfeng Liu, Ge Yang

{"title":"Corynebacterium glutamicum Mycoredoxin 3 protects against multiple oxidative stresses and displays thioredoxin-like activity.","authors":"Tao Su, Chengchuan Che, Ping Sun, Xiaona Li, Zhijin Gong, Jinfeng Liu, Ge Yang","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2019.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2019.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"Glutaredoxins (Grxs) and thioredoxins (Trxs) play a critical role in resistance to oxidative conditions. However, physiological and biochemical roles of Mycoredoxin 3 (Mrx3) that shared a high amino acid sequence similarity to Grxs remain unknown in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Here we showed that mrx3 deletion strains of C. glutamicum was involved in the protection against oxidative stress. Recombinant Mrx3 not only catalytically reduced the disulfide bonds in ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), insulin and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitro-benzoicacid) (DTNB), but also reduced the mixed disulphides between mycothiol (MSH) and substrate, which was exclusively linked to the thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) electron transfer pathway by a dithiol mechanism. Site-directed mutagenesis confirmed that the conserved Cys17 and Cys20 in Mrx3 were necessary to maintain its activity. The mrx3 deletion mutant showed decreased resistance to various stress, and these sensitive phenotypes were almost fully restored in the complementary strain. The physiological roles of Mrx3 in resistance to various stress were further supported by the induced expression of mrx3 under various stress conditions, directly under the control of the stress-responsive extracytoplasmic function-sigma (ECF-σ) factor SigH. Thus, we presented the first evidence that Mrx3 protected against various oxidative stresses by acting as a disulfide oxidoreductase behaving like Trx.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 4","pages":"125-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38648177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The influence of medium composition on the microbial secretory production of hydroxyalkanoate oligomers. 培养基组成对微生物分泌羟基烷酸酯低聚物的影响。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Epub Date: 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.09.002

Shoji Mizuno, Tetsuo Sakurai, Mikito Nabasama, Kyouhei Kawakami, Ayaka Hiroe, Seiichi Taguchi, Takeharu Tsuge

{"title":"The influence of medium composition on the microbial secretory production of hydroxyalkanoate oligomers.","authors":"Shoji Mizuno, Tetsuo Sakurai, Mikito Nabasama, Kyouhei Kawakami, Ayaka Hiroe, Seiichi Taguchi, Takeharu Tsuge","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"With the aid of a chain transfer (CT) reaction, hydroxyalkanoate (HA) oligomers can be secreted by recombinant Escherichia coli carrying the gene encoding a lactate-polymerizing enzyme (PhaC1PsSTQK) in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium supplemented with a carbon source and CT agent. In this study, HA oligomers were produced through microbial secretion using a mineral-based medium instead of LB medium, and the impact of medium composition on HA oligomer secretion was investigated. The focused targets were medium composition and NaCl concentration related to osmotic conditions. It was observed that 4.21 g/L HA oligomer was secreted by recombinant E. coli in LB medium, but the amount secreted in the mineral-based modified R (MR) medium was negligible. However, when the MR medium was supplemented with 5 g/L yeast extract, 3.75 g/L HA oligomer was secreted. This can be accounted for by the enhanced expression and activity of PhaC1PsSTQK upon supplementation with growth-activated nutrients as supplementation with yeast extract also promoted cell growth and intracellular growth-associated polymer accumulation. Furthermore, upon adding 10 g/L NaCl to the yeast extract-supplemented MR medium, HA oligomer secretion increased to 6.86 g/L, implying that NaCl-induced osmotic pressure promotes HA oligomer secretion. These findings may facilitate the secretory production of HA oligomers using an inexpensive medium.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 4","pages":"134-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38952037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

¹³C-metabolic flux analysis in glycerol-assimilating strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 酿酒酵母菌甘油同化菌13c代谢通量分析

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Epub Date: 2021-05-08 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.10.001

Taiji Yuzawa, Tomokazu Shirai, Ryoko Orishimo, Kazuki Kawai, Akihiko Kondo, Takashi Hirasawa

{"title":"13C-metabolic flux analysis in glycerol-assimilating strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.","authors":"Taiji Yuzawa, Tomokazu Shirai, Ryoko Orishimo, Kazuki Kawai, Akihiko Kondo, Takashi Hirasawa","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"Glycerol is an attractive raw material for the production of useful chemicals using microbial cells. We previously identified metabolic engineering targets for the improvement of glycerol assimilation ability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) and transcriptome analysis of the evolved cells. We also successfully improved glycerol assimilation ability by the disruption of the RIM15 gene encoding a Greatwall protein kinase together with overexpression of the STL1 gene encoding the glycerol/H+ symporter. To understand glycerol assimilation metabolism in the evolved glycerol-assimilating strains and STL1-overexpressing RIM15 disruptant, we performed metabolic flux analysis using 13C-labeled glycerol. Significant differences in metabolic flux distributions between the strains obtained from the culture after 35 and 85 generations in ALE were not found, indicating that metabolic flux changes might occur in the early phase of ALE (i.e., before 35 generations at least). Similarly, metabolic flux distribution was not significantly changed by RIM15 gene disruption. However, fluxes for the lower part of glycolysis and the TCA cycle were larger and, as a result, flux for the pentose phosphate pathway was smaller in the STL1-overexpressing RIM15 disruptant than in the strain obtained from the culture after 85 generations in ALE. It could be effective to increase flux for the pentose phosphate pathway to improve the glycerol assimilation ability in S. cerevisiae.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 4","pages":"142-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38964568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effects of Enterococcus faecalis administration on the community structure of airborne bacteria in weanling piglet and layer hen houses. 粪肠球菌饲喂对断奶仔猪和蛋鸡舍空气细菌群落结构的影响。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Epub Date: 2021-06-12 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.11.001

Shoutao Cheng, Mo Chen, Min Gao, Tianlei Qiu, Shulei Tian, Shuyan Li, Xuming Wang

{"title":"Effects of Enterococcus faecalis administration on the community structure of airborne bacteria in weanling piglet and layer hen houses.","authors":"Shoutao Cheng, Mo Chen, Min Gao, Tianlei Qiu, Shulei Tian, Shuyan Li, Xuming Wang","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics have been shown to improve microbial compositions in animal intestine and feces, but the effects of probiotic administration on airborne microbial composition in animal houses remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary Enterococcus faecalis on the bacterial community structure in the air of piglet and layer hen houses. Indoor air and feces from piglet and layer hen houses were sampled after supplementing E. faecalis in feed for 60 days, and bacterial community structures were analyzed using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. Results showed that Chao1, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson indices of bacterial diversity did not significantly change in feces or indoor air of piglet or layer hen after supplementation with E. faecalis (P > 0.05). However, E. faecalis administration resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). In addition, E. faecalis significantly reduced the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Acinetobacter, Escherichia, and Shigella (P < 0.05), and beneficial bacterial genus such as Lactobacillus was significantly enriched in both feces and indoor air (P < 0.05). These changes should be of benefit to livestock, farm workers, and the surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 4","pages":"162-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39008709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Genome analysis and optimization of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production by lactic acid bacteria from plant materials. 乳酸菌利用植物材料生产γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的基因组分析及优化

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Epub Date: 2021-06-05 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.10.002

Sukanya Phuengjayaem, Nattakorn Kuncharoen, Auttaporn Booncharoen, Boonsri Ongpipattanakul, Somboon Tanasupawat

{"title":"Genome analysis and optimization of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production by lactic acid bacteria from plant materials.","authors":"Sukanya Phuengjayaem, Nattakorn Kuncharoen, Auttaporn Booncharoen, Boonsri Ongpipattanakul, Somboon Tanasupawat","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a key role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian sympathetic nervous system and has other health benefits. Molecular characterization, genome analysis, and optimization were investigated to improve GABA production of a selected strain of lactic acid bacteria. Eleven isolates from plant materials were screened for GABA productivity and were identified based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. The most potent strain was chosen for genome analysis and GABA production optimization using the response surface methodology (RSM). Each of the two strains was closely related to Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Weissella cibaria, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides while each strain was similar to Lactobacillus pentosus, Enterococcus, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. They produced GABA ranging from 0.036 ± 0.000 to 17.315 ± 0.171 g/L at 72 h-cultivation. Among them, the most potent strain, SL9-6, showed the highest GABA production (17.315 g/L) when cultivated with 10% (v/v) inoculum for 48 h. The draft genome sequence of strain SL9-6 exhibited 96.90% average nucleotide identity value and 74.50% digital DNA-DNA hybridization to Lactobacillus brevis NCTC 13768T. This strain contained a glutamate decarboxylase gene system (gadA, gadB and gadC). Optimal culture conditions were determined as 40.00 g/L glucose, 49.90 g/L monosodium glutamate, pH 5.94, and 31.10°C by RSM, giving maximum GABA production of 32.48 g/L. Results from RSM also indicated that monosodium glutamate concentration, pH, and temperature were significant variables. GABA production significantly improved here could promise further application of strain SL9-6.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 4","pages":"150-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38985766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Hsp104 contributes to freeze-thaw tolerance by maintaining proteasomal activity in a spore clone isolated from Shirakami kodama yeast. 从Shirakami kodama酵母分离的孢子克隆中，Hsp104通过维持蛋白酶体活性来促进冻融耐受性。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Epub Date: 2021-06-19 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.11.002

Nobushige Nakazawa, Mami Fukuda, Mizuki Ashizaki, Yukari Shibata, Keitaro Takahashi

{"title":"Hsp104 contributes to freeze-thaw tolerance by maintaining proteasomal activity in a spore clone isolated from Shirakami kodama yeast.","authors":"Nobushige Nakazawa, Mami Fukuda, Mizuki Ashizaki, Yukari Shibata, Keitaro Takahashi","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"The supply of oven-fresh bakery products to consumers has been improved by frozen dough technology; however, freeze-thaw stress decreases the activity of yeast cells. To breed better baker's yeasts for frozen dough, it is important to understand the factors affecting freeze-thaw stress tolerance in baker's yeast. We analyzed the stress response in IB1411, a spore clone from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Shirakami kodama yeast, with an exceptionally high tolerance to freeze-thaw stress. Genes encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS1), catalase (CTT1), and disaggregase (HSP104) were highly expressed in IB1411 cells even under conditions of non-stress. The expression of Hsp104 protein was also higher in IB1411 cells even under non-stress conditions. Deletion of HSP104 (hsp104Δ) in IB1411 cells reduced the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). By monitoring the accumulation of aggregated proteins using the ΔssCPY*-GFP fusion protein under freeze-thaw stress or treatment with proteasomal inhibitor, we found that IB1411 cells resolved aggregated proteins faster than the hsp104Δ strain. Thus, Hsp104 seems to contribute to freeze-thaw tolerance by maintaining UPS activity via the disaggregation of aggregated proteins. Lastly, we found that the IB1411 cells maintained high leavening ability in frozen dough as compared with the parental strain, Shirakami kodama yeast, and thus will be useful for making bread.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 4","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39255316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Functional analysis of α-1,3-glucanase domain structure from Streptomyces thermodiastaticus HF3-3. 耐热链霉菌HF3-3 α-1,3-葡聚糖酶结构域的功能分析

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-07-31 Epub Date: 2021-02-12 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.07.003

Niphawan Panti, Vipavee Cherdvorapong, Takafumi Itoh, Takao Hibi, Wassana Suyotha, Shigekazu Yano, Mamoru Wakayama

{"title":"Functional analysis of α-1,3-glucanase domain structure from Streptomyces thermodiastaticus HF3-3.","authors":"Niphawan Panti, Vipavee Cherdvorapong, Takafumi Itoh, Takao Hibi, Wassana Suyotha, Shigekazu Yano, Mamoru Wakayama","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"α-1,3-Glucanase from Streptomyces thermodiastaticus HF3-3 (Agl-ST) has been classified in the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 87. Agl-ST is a multi-modular domain consisting of an N-terminal β-sandwich domain (β-SW), a catalytic domain, an uncharacterized domain (UC), and a C-terminal discoidin domain (DS). Although Agl-ST did not hydrolyze α-1,4-glycosidic bonds, its amino acid sequence is more similar to GH87 mycodextranase than to α-1,3-glucanase. It might be categorized into a new subfamily of GH87. In this study, we investigated the function of the domains. Several fusion proteins of domains with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were constructed to clarify the function of each domain. The results showed that β-SW and DS domains played a role in binding α-1,3-glucan and enhancing the hydrolysis of α-1,3-glucan. The binding domains, β-SW and DS, also showed binding activity toward xylan, although it was lower than that for α-1,3-glucan. The combination of β-SW and DS domains demonstrated high binding and hydrolysis activities of Agl-ST toward α-1,3-glucan, whereas the catalytic domain showed only a catalytic function. The binding domains also achieved effective binding and hydrolysis of α-1,3-glucan in the cell wall complex of Schizophyllum commune.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 3","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25367686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limitation of nutrients stimulates musty odor production by Streptomyces sp. isolated from a tropical environment. 从热带环境中分离出来的链霉菌由于营养物质的限制而产生霉味。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-07-31 Epub Date: 2021-02-27 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.08.001

Shahirah Shudirman, Aeyshah Abang Kassim, Nurul Syahirah Shamsol Anuar, Motoo Utsumi, Kazuya Shimizu, Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir, Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor, Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir, Nor'azizi Othman, Zuriati Zakaria, Norio Sugiura, Hirofumi Hara

{"title":"Limitation of nutrients stimulates musty odor production by Streptomyces sp. isolated from a tropical environment.","authors":"Shahirah Shudirman, Aeyshah Abang Kassim, Nurul Syahirah Shamsol Anuar, Motoo Utsumi, Kazuya Shimizu, Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir, Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor, Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir, Nor'azizi Othman, Zuriati Zakaria, Norio Sugiura, Hirofumi Hara","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"Musty odor production by actinomycetes is usually related to the presence of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), which are synthesized by enzymes encoded by the geoA and tpc genes, respectively. Streptomyces spp. strain S10, which was isolated from a water reservoir in Malaysia, has the ability to produce geosmin when cultivated in a basal salt (BS) solid medium, but no 2-MIB production occurred during growth in BS medium. Strain S10 could produce higher levels of geosmin when the phosphate concentration was limited to 0.05 mg/L, with a yield of 17.53 ± 3.12 ✕ 105 ng/L, compared with growth in BS medium. Interestingly, 2-MIB production was suddenly detected when the nitrate concentration was limited to 1.0 mg/L, with a yield of 1.4 ± 0.11 ✕ 105 ng/L. Therefore, it was concluded that phosphate- and nitrate-limiting conditions could induce the initial production of geosmin and 2-MIB by strain S10. Furthermore, a positive amplicon of geoA was detected in strain S10, but no tpc amplicon was detected by PCR analysis. Draft genome sequence analysis showed that one open reading frame (ORF) contained a conserved motif of geosmin synthase with 95% identity with geoA in Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2). In the case of the tpc genes, it was found that one ORF showed 23% identity to the known tpc gene in S. coelicolor A3(2), but strain S10 lacked one motif in the N-terminus.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 3","pages":"92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25414270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Detection of 2-hydroxy-fatty acids and 2-hydroxy-fatty acid-containing ceramides in a gliding marine bacterium Aureispira marina. 2-羟基脂肪酸及含2-羟基脂肪酸的神经酰胺的检测。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-07-31 Epub Date: 2021-03-13 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.08.002

Kazuyoshi Kawahara, Hirokazu Iida, Akira Yokota

{"title":"Detection of 2-hydroxy-fatty acids and 2-hydroxy-fatty acid-containing ceramides in a gliding marine bacterium Aureispira marina.","authors":"Kazuyoshi Kawahara, Hirokazu Iida, Akira Yokota","doi":"10.2323/jgam.2020.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.2020.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"The cellular fatty acid composition of Aureispira marina IAM 15389T (JCM 23197T), a gliding bacterium isolated from the coastline of Thailand, was re-examined by using a standard MIDI method based on alkaline hydrolysis, and two other methods. The direct transesterification using 5% HCl/methanol or 4 M HCl hydrolysis followed by methyl esterification revealed that 2-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoic acid (2-OH-iso-C17:0) and 2-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecenoic acid (2-OH-iso-C17:1), which were not reported in a previous paper, were found to be major cellular fatty acids of this bacterium, and the amount of 2-OH-iso-C17:1 was even higher than that of arachidonic acid (C20:4), a characteristic polyunsaturated fatty acid present in this bacterium. These 2-hydroxy-fatty acids were contained in two cellular lipids that were relatively stable against alkaline hydrolysis. One of them was analyzed by mass spectrometry, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance, and other chemical methods, and identified as a ceramide composed of 2-hydroxy-fatty acid and sphingosine of 19 carbons with three double bonds. A minor ceramide containing 18 carbon sphingosine with three double bonds was also detected.","PeriodicalId":15842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Applied Microbiology","volume":"67 3","pages":"100-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25485792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1