Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Statistical Analysis of Factors Associated with Diarrhea in Yemeni Children under Five: Insights from the 2022-2023 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.","authors":"Ali Satty, Mohyaldein Salih, Faroug A Abdalla, Ashraf F A Mahmoud, Elzain A E Gumma, Gamal Saad Mohamed Khamis, Ahmed M A Adam, Abaker A Hassaballa, Omer M A Hamed, Zakariya M S Mohammed","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00268-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00268-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Newborn Screening: Where Are We in Saudi Arabia?","authors":"Noara Alhusseini, Yara Almuhanna, Lama Alabduljabbar, Soaad Alamri, Maryam Altayeb, Ghadi Askar, Noor Alsaadoun, Khadijah Ateq, Mariam M AlEissa","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00263-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00263-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Newborn screening (NBS) programs are believed to play an important role in the decrease of infant mortality rates in many countries. This is achieved through offering early detection and treatment of many genetic as well as metabolic disorders prior to the onset of symptoms. Our paper examines NBS across seven diverse nations: Saudi Arabia, the United States, Japan, Singapore, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom. This paper discusses the diseases screened for by each country, latest additions, as well as future recommendations, when applicable. Employing a comparative approach, we conducted a comprehensive review of the most recent published literature on NBS programs in each country and subsequently examined their latest implemented NBS guidelines as outlined on their respective official government health sector websites. We then reviewed the economic feasibility of each of these programs and factors that affect implementation and overall benefit. While all six countries employ well-developed programs, variations are observed. Those variations are mainly attributed to disparities in access, resource scarcity, financial availability, as well as ethical and cultural considerations. From a local perspective, we recommend conducting further population-based studies to assess the epidemiological data in relation to the disease burden on the country's economy. Moreover, we recommend updating national and international guidelines to contain a more comprehensive approach on policies, operation, and sustainability to deliver a service through the lens of value-based healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"638-644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141450647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Active and Passive Smoking in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Systemic Inflammation: A 12-year Prospective Study in China.","authors":"Lu Chen, Haijuan Xiong, Qiaorui Wen, Jun Lv, Dianjianyi Sun, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Lihui Li, Xiaoming Yang, Daniel Avery, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Liming Li, Canqing Yu","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00290-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00290-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no consensus on the cause and effect of systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) regarding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The impact of second-hand smoke (SHS) on COPD has reached inconsistent conclusions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The China Kadoorie Biobank cohort was followed up from the 2004-08 baseline survey to 31 December 2018. Among the selected 445,523 participants in the final analysis, Cox and linear regressions were performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of tobacco exposure with COPD risk and baseline levels of log-transformed inflammatory factors [βs (95% CIs)], respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were followed up for a median of 12.1 years and 11,825 incident COPD events were documented. Ever-smokers were associated with a higher risk of COPD than non-smokers with non-weekly SHS exposure. A younger age to start smoking, a greater amount of daily tobacco consumption, and deeper inhalation were associated with increased risk of COPD and correlated with elevated levels of plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, all P_trend < 0.001) even two years before COPD onset. Among former smokers, COPD risk declined with longer smoking cessation (P_trend < 0.001) and those quitting smoking for over ten years presented no difference in COPD risk and hs-CRP level from non-smokers [HR (95% CI) = 1.05 (0.89, 1.25), β (95% CI) = 0.17 (- 0.09, 0.43)]. Among non-smokers, weekly SHS exposure was associated with a slightly higher COPD risk [HR (95% CI) = 1.06 (1.01, 1.12)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Incremental exposure to tobacco smoke was related to elevated SCI level before COPD onset, then an increase in COPD susceptibility. Quitting smoking as early as possible is suggested as a practical approach to reducing COPD risk in smokers. Given the high prevalence of both COPD and SHS exposure, the risk associated with SHS exposure deserves attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1332-1340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Epidemiology of Osteoporosis in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Taiwan.","authors":"Kuang-Ming Liao, Chuan-Wei Shen, Kai-Lin Chiu, Chun-Hui Lu, Chih-Wun Fang, Chung-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00248-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00248-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Burdens of Disease by Transmission Source (USA, 2005-2020) and Hazard Identification for Foods: Focus on Milkborne Disease.","authors":"Michele M Stephenson, Margaret E Coleman, Nicholas A Azzolina","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00216-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00216-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robust solutions to global, national, and regional burdens of communicable and non-communicable diseases, particularly related to diet, demand interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary collaborations to effectively inform risk analysis and policy decisions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>U.S. outbreak data for 2005-2020 from all transmission sources were analyzed for trends in the burden of infectious disease and foodborne outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Outbreak data from 58 Microsoft Access^® data tables were structured using systematic queries and pivot tables for analysis by transmission source, pathogen, and date. Trends were examined using graphical representations, smoothing splines, Spearman's rho rank correlations, and non-parametric testing for trend. Hazard Identification was conducted based on the number and severity of illnesses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evidence does not support increasing trends in the burden of infectious foodborne disease, though strongly increasing trends were observed for other transmission sources. Morbidity and mortality were dominated by person-to-person transmission; foodborne and other transmission sources accounted for small portions of the disease burden. Foods representing the greatest hazards associated with the four major foodborne bacterial diseases were identified. Fatal foodborne disease was dominated by fruits, vegetables, peanut butter, and pasteurized dairy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The available evidence conflicts with assumptions of zero risk for pasteurized milk and increasing trends in the burden of illness for raw milk. For future evidence-based risk management, transdisciplinary risk analysis methodologies are essential to balance both communicable and non-communicable diseases and both food safety and food security, considering scientific, sustainable, economic, cultural, social, and political factors to support health and wellness for humans and ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"787-816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Research on Pandemics or Epidemics and Mental Health: A Natural Language Processing Study.","authors":"Xin Ye, Xinfeng Wang, Hugo Lin","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00284-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00284-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global research on pandemics or epidemics and mental health has been growing exponentially recently, which cannot be integrated through traditional systematic review. Our study aims to systematically synthesize the evidence using natural language processing (NLP) techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple databases were searched using titles, abstracts, and keywords. We systematically identified relevant literature published prior to Dec 31, 2023, using NLP techniques such as text classification, topic modelling and geoparsing methods. Relevant articles were categorized by content, date, and geographic location, outputting evidence heat maps, geographical maps, and narrative synthesis of trends in related publications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our NLP analysis identified 77,915 studies in the area of pandemics or epidemics and mental health published before Dec 31, 2023. The Covid pandemic was the most common, followed by SARS and HIV/AIDS; Anxiety and stress were the most frequently studied mental health outcomes; Social support and healthcare were the most common way of coping. Geographically, the evidence base was dominated by studies from high-income countries, with scant evidence from low-income counties. Co-occurrence of pandemics or epidemics and fear, depression, stress was common. Anxiety was one of the three most common topics in all continents except North America.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest the importance and feasibility of using NLP to comprehensively map pandemics or epidemics and mental health in the age of big literature. The review identifies clear themes for future clinical and public health research, and is critical for designing evidence-based approaches to reduce the negative mental health impacts of pandemics or epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1268-1280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Call for Adopting High-Dose Influenza Vaccines for Adults Aged 65 and Above in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries.","authors":"Salah T Al Awaidy, Parvaiz A Koul, Faryal Khamis, Fatima Al Slil, Imane Jroundi, Fatima Al Olama, Khalid Hamid Elawad, Musallam Yunus Hassan Abuhasan, Fana Al Oraimi, Mine Durusu Tanriover, Hassan Zaraket","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00292-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00292-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seasonal influenza poses significant health and economic challenges globally each year, particularly impacting the elderly population (aged ≥ 65 years) with increased rates of hospitalization, and mortality. The population of older adults is steadily increasing in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and is likely to increase even further. In addition, there is a high burden of chronic comorbidities in these countries like diabetes and obesity, which increases the likelihood of severe consequences of influenza infection. The GCC countries also host mass gathering events like Hajj, Umrah pilgrimage, Arba'een (nearby Iraq) pilgrimage, and international sports and business events, which further intensify the risk of outbreaks like influenza. These events facilitate the mixing of visitors from various countries. Thus, influenza activity in this North Hemisphere (NH) geography is usually present even before the availability of NH seasonal influenza vaccine. This is especially problematic for the elderly, whose protection from the previous year's immunization would have waned. Higher dosages of antigens or adjuvants have been used to improve immunogenicity in older people with superior vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, there is a compelling argument in favor of the implementation of high-dose seasonal influenza vaccines in the GCC countries to improve the protection of individuals aged 65 years and older against influenza infection and associated severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"524-528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the Cellular Immune Response during and after Treatment of Sudanese Patients with Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis, and Possible Implications for Outcome.","authors":"Ana Torres, Brima Musa Younis, Mohammed Alamin, Samuel Tesema, Lorena Bernardo, Jose Carlos Solana, Javier Moreno, Alaa-Aldeen Mustafa, Fabiana Alves, Ahmed Mudawi Musa, Eugenia Carrillo","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00270-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00270-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The host cellular immune response associated with two treatments for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) - paromomycin plus miltefosine (Arm 1), and liposomal amphotericin B plus miltefosine (Arm 2) - was examined in Sudanese patients before treatment (D0), at the end of treatment (D42), and during the post-treatment period (D180).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole blood samples were stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen for 24 h (whole blood assay [WBA]) and the concentrations of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines, IP-10, PDL-1 and granzyme B were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Arm 1 treatment (98.2% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2/Th17 response, while the Arm 2 treatment (80% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2 response. Five Arm 2 patients relapsed and showed lower IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1β concentrations at D0 than non-relapsers in this Arm. In patients with low-IFN-γ-production at D0, Arm 1 treatment led to a better host immune response and clinical outcome than Arm 2 treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A Th1/Th2/Th17 response was associated with a higher cure rate. Patients with low IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1β before treatment are more likely to relapse if they undergo Arm 2-type treatment. Determining IFN-γ, TNF and IL-10 levels prior to treatment could help predict patients at higher risk of relapse/recovery from PKDL.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03399955, Registered 17 January 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/ NCT03399955.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1167-1179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Mapping of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia: An Observational Descriptive Study.","authors":"Basmah Alharbi, Mawahib Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00285-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00285-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease that affects individuals worldwide. An epidemiological observational population-cohort study was conducted on the basis of comprehensive research on CL incidence in Saudi and non-Saudi residents. The Ministry of Health recorded the incidence of CL between January 2020 and December 2022. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data and determine CL incidence rates in age-specific incidence rates (ASIRs) and gender between Saudi and non-Saudi residents in Saudi Arabia. The study found that between 2020 and 2022, there were 2280 cases of CL in Saudi Arabia, with 1367 and 913 cases in men and women, respectively. Of Saudi nationals, 64.26% and 12.91% were male and female, respectively. The frequency of CL was higher (87.09%) among non-Saudi residents than among Saudi nationals, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between the two groups. The ASIRs for CL were higher in patients aged 15-45 years. This study revealed variations in CL incidence rates among the 13 administrative regions; Qassim, followed by Aseer, Ha'il, and Madinah, had higher rates than the other regions. These findings indicate the need for targeted interventions and public health strategies to reduce the burden on CL, particularly among non-Saudi residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1281-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Q Fever in Southeast Europe for a 20-Year Period (2002-2021).","authors":"Tatjana Pustahija, Snežana Medić, Vladimir Vuković, Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenković, Aleksandra Patić, Mirjana Štrbac, Verica Jovanović, Dragana Dimitrijević, Milunka Milinković, Mirjana Lana Kosanović, Helena C Maltezou, Kassiani Mellou, Sanjin Musa, Marijan Bakić, Sanja Medenica, Nikolina Sokolovska, Nina Vukmir Rodić, Milica Devrnja, Mioljub Ristić, Vladimir Petrović","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00288-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00288-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess epidemiological trends of Q fever in six countries of Southeast Europe by analysing surveillance data for 2002-2021 period. In this descriptive analysis, we collected and analysed data on confirmed human Q fever cases, obtained from the national Public Health Institutes of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. Overall, 2714 Q fever cases were registered during the 20-year period. The crude average annual notification rate was 0.82 (± 2.06) (95% CI: 0.47-1.16) per 100,000 inhabitants, ranged from 0.06 (± 0.04) (95% CI: 0.04-0.08) /100,000 in Greece to 2.78 (± 4.80) (95% CI: 0.53-5.02) /100,000 in the Republic of Srpska (entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Significant declining trends of Q fever age standardized rates were registered in Croatia, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Serbia, with an average annual change of -30.15%; -17.13%; -28.33% and - 24.77%, respectively. An unequal spatial distribution was observed. The highest average age-specific notification rate was reported in the 20-59 age group (0.84 (± 0.40) (95% CI: 0.65-1.02) /100,000). Most cases (53.69%) were reported during the spring. Q fever remains a significant public health threat in this part of Europe. The findings of this study revealed the endemic maintenance of this disease in the including countries, with large regional and subnational disparities in notification rates. A downward trend was found in Q fever notification rates across the study countries with the average notification rate higher than in the EU/EEA, during the same period.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1305-1318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}