Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"A Narrative Review on the Pandemic Zoonotic RNA Virus Infections Occurred During the Last 25 Years.","authors":"Gobena Ameni, Aboma Zewude, Begna Tulu, Milky Derara, Berecha Bayissa, Temesgen Mohammed, Berhanu Adenew Degefa, Mohamed Elfatih Hamad, Markos Tibbo, Robert Barigye","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00304-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00304-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pandemic zoonotic RNA virus infections have continued to threaten humans and animals worldwide. The objective of this review was to highlight the epidemiology and socioeconomic impacts of pandemic zoonotic RNA virus infections that occurred between 1997 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search was done from Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases, cumulative case fatalities of individual viral infection calculated, and geographic coverage of the pandemics were shown by maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven major pandemic zoonotic RNA virus infections occurred from 1997 to 2021 and were presented in three groups: The first group consists of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI-H5N1) and swine-origin influenza (H1N1) viruses with cumulative fatality rates of 53.5% and 0.5% in humans, respectively. Moreover, HPAI-H5N1 infection caused 90-100% death in poultry and economic losses of >$10 billion worldwide. Similarly, H1N1 caused a serious infection in swine and economic losses of 0.5-1.5% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the affected countries. The second group consists of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with case fatalities of 9.6%, 34.3% and 2.0%, respectively in humans; but this group only caused mild infections in animals. The third group consists of Ebola and Zika virus infections with case fatalities of 39.5% and 0.02%, respectively in humans but causing only mild infections in animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Similar infections are expected in the near future, and hence strict implementation of conventional biosecurity-based measures and development of efficacious vaccines would help minimize the impacts of the next pandemic infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1397-1412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile Wellness in the Workplace: Addressing the Global Men's Healthcare Gap, from a World Health Organization Framework Perspective.","authors":"Stephanie Davis, Wole Ameyan, Amy Medley, Carlos Toledo","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00334-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00334-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1782-1784"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Evidence of Spillover of Antimicrobial-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from Animal/Environmental Reservoirs to Humans in Vellore, India.","authors":"Jobin John Jacob, V Aravind, Benjamin S Beresford-Jones, Y Binesh Lal, Chaitra Shankar, M Yesudoss, Fiza Abdullah, T Monisha Priya, Sanika Kulkarni, Stephen Baker, Balaji Veeraraghavan, Kamini Walia","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00323-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00323-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common opportunistic pathogen in humans, often associated with both virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes. K. pneumoniae have a highly plastic genome and can act as a vehicle for disseminating genetic information. Aiming to assess the impact of the human-animal-environment interface on AMR dissemination in K. pneumoniae we sampled and genome sequenced organisms from a range of environments and compared their genetic composition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Representative K. pneumoniae isolated from clinical specimens (n = 59), livestock samples (n = 71), and hospital sewage samples (n = 16) during a two-year surveillance study were subjected to whole genome sequencing. We compared the taxonomic and genomic distribution of K. pneumoniae, AMR gene abundance, virulence gene composition, and mobile genetic elements between the three sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The K. pneumoniae isolates originating from livestock were clonally distinct from those derived from clinical/hospital effluent samples. Notably, the clinical and hospital sewage isolates typically possessed a greater number of resistance/virulence genes than those from animals. Overall, we observed a limited overlap of K. pneumoniae clones, AMR genes, virulence determinants, and plasmids between the different settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this setting, the spread of XDR and hypervirulent clones of K. pneumoniae appears to be restricted to humans with no obvious association with non-clinical sources. Emergent clones of K. pneumoniae carrying both resistance and virulence determinants are likely to have emerged in hospital settings rather than in animal or natural environments. These data challenge the current view of AMR transmission in K. pneumoniae in a One-Health context.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1668-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Risk Factors for Severe Outcomes through Machine Learning Techniques: A Real-World Data Study in Andalusia, Spain.","authors":"Álvaro Serrano-Ortiz, Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera, Jaime Monserrat Villatoro, Jaime Cordero-Ramos, Rafael Ruiz-Montero, Álvaro Ritoré, Joaquín Dopazo, Jorge Del Diego Salas, Valle García Sánchez, Inmaculada Salcedo-Leal, Miguel Ángel Armengol de la Hoz, Isaac Túnez, Miguel Ángel Guzmán","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00298-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00298-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 vaccination has become a pivotal global strategy in managing the pandemic. Despite COVID-19 no longer being classified as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, the virus continues affecting people worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and vaccine effectiveness on COVID-19-related hospital admissions, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality within the Andalusian population throughout the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From March 2020 to April 2022, 671,229 individuals, out of 9,283,485 with electronic health records in Andalusia, experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection and were included in the analysis. Data on demographics, medical history, vaccine administration, and hospitalization records were collected. Associations between medical history, COVID-19 vaccines, and COVID-19 outcomes were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study identified 48,196 hospital admissions, 5,057 ICU admissions, and 11,289 deaths linked to COVID-19. Age, male sex, and chronic diseases were identified as risk factors, while the COVID-19 vaccine demonstrated protective effects, although with reduced effectiveness during the omicron variant period. However, the risk for these outcomes increased over time after receiving the last vaccine dose, particularly after six months, especially among those aged 60 or older.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The global health challenge of COVID-19 persists, marked by emerging variants with higher virulence and severity, particularly among the unvaccinated and those beyond six months post-vaccination, especially those aged 60 and above. These findings highlight the need for robust surveillance systems targeting new variants and administering booster doses, particularly for individuals aged 60 or older with underlying health conditions, to mitigate the global burden of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1504-1517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Trends of Not Receiving a Dose of DPT-Containing Vaccine Among Children 12-35 Months: An Analysis of 81 Low- And Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Omar Karlsson, Sunil Rajpal, Mira Johri, Rockli Kim, S V Subramanian","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00294-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00294-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not receiving a DPT-containing vaccine in early childhood indicates an absence of routine immunization, which puts children at an elevated risk of mortality, morbidity, and worse human development over the life course. We estimated the percentage of children 12-35 months who did not receive a dose of DPT-containing vaccine (termed zero-dose children) using household surveys from 81 low- and middle-income countries conducted between 2014 and 2023. For 68 countries with more than one survey (with the earlier survey conducted 2000-2013), we estimated the average annual percentage point change in prevalence of zero-dose children between the earliest and latest surveys. We also explored the association of zero-dose prevalence with postneonatal and child mortality, health expenditure, and Gavi-eligibility. Overall, 16% of children in our pooled sample had not received a dose of DPT-containing vaccine. There was a 0.8% point decline in zero-dose prevalence per year on average across the period studied. A single percentage point average annual decline in zero-dose prevalence was associated with an average annual decrease of 1.4 deaths in the postneonatal and childhood period per 1000 live births. Gavi-eligible countries had a much faster decline in zero-dose prevalence than other countries. Large gains have been made in reducing the percentage of children who did not receive a DPT-containing vaccine. Efforts to reduce the number of zero-dose children should focus on countries with high prevalence to achieve the Immunization Agenda 2030. Healthcare spending could be prioritized so that the prevalence of zero-dose children is reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1490-1503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing in Older Adults in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Abdullah A Alshehri, Wael Y Khawagi, Sara M Alqahtani, Reem M Aljohani, Reuof M Aldajani, Manal S Althobaiti, Teef T Alzlami, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00332-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00332-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing (PIP) poses a significant risk to patient safety and associated with poor healthcare outcomes in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This study aimed to assess PIP prevalence and patterns in older adults across all care settings in GCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted on six medical databases to identify studies assessing the PIP prevalence in older adults using validated criteria in GCC. Pooled prevalence estimates and odds ratios were calculated using STATA Software (version 16). Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated with the I² statistic, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plot symmetry and Egger's regression test. The risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen eligible studies conducted over ten years included 18,647 patients. The median prevalence of PIP was 54.4% (IQR: 37.6-62.1%), higher in hospital settings (59.5%; IQR: 53.7-65.3%) compared to primary care (44.2%; IQR: 18.5-54.4%). Cardiovascular medications were the most common PIP (15,353 occurrences). Polypharmacy was significantly associated with PIP exposure (OR: 5.26; 95% CI: 2.33-11.84). The odds of PIP exposure were significantly increased among older individuals with chronic kidney disease (OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.19-2.54) and diabetes (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.18-2.30).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights high PIP prevalence among older adults in GCC countries, particularly in hospital settings. Polypharmacy and certain chronic conditions were significantly associated with PIP exposure. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to improve prescribing practices and medication safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1737-1747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reemergence of Streptococcus pyogenes Infections in a Large Italian Hospital: A déjà vu from past Years.","authors":"Flavio De Maio, Marilena La Sorda, Barbara Fiori, Delia Mercedes Bianco, Giulia Santarelli, Roberto Rosato, Tiziana D'Inzeo, Brunella Posteraro, Maurizio Sanguinetti","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00316-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00316-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the end of 2022 and in the following months, an increase in the incidence of Streptococcus pyogenes infections was observed in many European countries that was simultaneously accompanying to enhance of invasive infections (iGAS). We have showed a risen trend of S. pyogenes infections among preschoolers after the pandemic event. A thorough epidemiological investigation of both paediatric and adult samples positive for S. pyogenes indicate a more complex scenario leading to need of important improvement in surveillance programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1778-1781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends and Mortality Patterns in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of Hospitalized Patients in Kazakhstan between 2014 and 2021.","authors":"Gulnur Zhakhina, Yesbolat Sakko, Sauran Yerdessov, Temirgali Aimyshev, Zhalaliddin Makhammajanov, Anara Abbay, Denis Vinnikov, Ildar Fakhradiyev, Zhanar Yermakhanova, Yalcin Solak, Alessandro Salustri, Abduzhappar Gaipov","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00313-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00313-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a global health concern associated with arterial narrowing or blockage, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to assess the disease burden and trends in mortality utilizing nationwide administrative health data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study utilized data from the Unified National Electronic Healthcare System (UNEHS) from 2014 to 2021. Patients meeting PAD criteria were included, with demographic and clinical data analyzed. Cox regression and Competing Risk Analysis assessed mortality risks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2014 and 2021, 19,507 individuals were hospitalized due to PAD, with 8,332 (43%) being women and 11,175 (57%) men. The incidence of PAD increased markedly over the observation period, rising from 79 individuals per million population (PMP) in 2014 to 309 PMP in 2021. Concurrent heart failure (HF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), diabetes, and essential hypertension were prevalent in 50%, 27%, 27%, and 26% of the PAD patients, respectively. Competing Risk Analysis showed a subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) of 6.53 [95% CI: 4.65-9.19] for individuals over 80 years. Heart failure was associated with lower all-cause HR [0.80, 95% CI: 0.76-0.86, p < 0.001] but higher SHR [1.30, 95% CI: 1.18-1.44, p < 0.001]. Comorbidities such as heart failure, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction significantly increased mortality risks, while essential hypertension was associated with lower risk of death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant rise in the incidence rate of PAD underscores the growing burden of the disease, highlighting the urgent need for targeted preventive and management strategies in Kazakhstan.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1609-1618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifiable Cross-cultural Research on Medical Mistrust is Necessary for Effective and Equitable Vaccination in Low- and Middle-income Countries.","authors":"Sean P Prall","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00319-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00319-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perceptions of healthcare personnel and institutions substantially impact healthcare behaviors. In the US, minority experiences with racist events like the Tuskegee study, alongside everyday experiences of marginalization and discrimination, drive medical mistrust in populations that are already burdened with health inequalities. However, the concept of medical mistrust is rarely applied outside of industrialized contexts. Histories of colonialism, underfunded healthcare institutions, and the enormous cultural and ethnolinguistic diversity present in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) make medical mistrust a likely contributor to health behavior in these contexts. In the era of COVID-19 and emergent malaria vaccines, there is an urgent need to mitigate factors leading to medical mistrust, which impedes interest in novel vaccines. Doing so requires substantial investment in research that examines the causes of medical mistrust across diverse communities, develops methodological tools that can effectively measure medical mistrust across diverse cultural and ethno-linguistic contexts, and applies this data to policy and public health messaging. This commentary highlights the role of medical mistrust in vaccination and argues for its utility in addressing vaccine decision-making in LMICs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1771-1777"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Radiological Features and Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis in Patients Aged 75 Years and Older.","authors":"Afrah Alsehali, Haneen Alrajih, Hamdan Al-Jahdali, Eiman Al-Safi, Laila Layqah, Salim Baharoon","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00311-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00311-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. With a progressively aging population, TB is increasingly encountered in older adults. Understanding the clinical presentation and optimal treatment strategies for TB in this population is essential.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Clinical, radiological features, treatment, and outcome of patients aged 75 and above who were diagnosed with tuberculosis at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh in the period between January 2015 to December 2021wereevaluated retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 92 elderly tuberculosis patients, most were male (76.1%) with a mean age of 82.5 years. Pulmonary TB was diagnosed in 52.2% of patients, Extra Pulmonary TB in 32.6%, and Disseminated TB in 15.2%. Comorbidities included Diabetes Mellitus (59.8%) and Congestive Heart Failure (41.3%). The most common presentation symptoms included cough (51.1%), fever (43.5%), dyspnea (39.1%), and weight loss (31.5%). Delay of TB diagnosis for up to 3 months was observed in 31.5% of patients. Weight loss and male gender were significant predictors of delayed diagnosis. Laboratory findings varied among TB types, with disseminated TB showing higher eosinophilia and thrombocytopenia. Completion of an initial RIPE treatment protocol was achieved in 67.6% of patients. Mortality during treatment occurred in 23.9% of patients. Pulmonary TB was associated with higher mortality compared to extrapulmonary TB (p = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tuberculosis is associated with high mortality in patients above the age of 75. There is still a substantial delay in TB diagnosis in the elderly. RIPE regimen is frequently changed due to side effects. Alternative regimen choices were quite variable. More studies on tuberculosis in this patient's population are needed to define the most effective therapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1591-1601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}