Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Osteoporosis and Adiposity Index Reveals Nonlinearity Among Postmenopausal Women and Linearity Among Men Aged over 50 Years.","authors":"Po-Ju Chen, Yueh-Chien Lu, Sheng-Nan Lu, Fu-Wen Liang, Hung-Yi Chuang","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00275-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00275-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous research shows conflicting views on the relationship between obesity and osteoporosis, partly due to variations in obesity classification and the nonlinear nature of these relationships. This study investigated the association between adiposity indices and osteoporosis, diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), employing nonlinear models and offering optimal thresholds to prevent further bone mineral density decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2019, a prospective study enrolled males over 50 years and postmenopausal women. Anthropometric measurements, blood biochemistry, and osteoporosis measured by DXA were collected. Associations between adiposity indices and osteoporosis were analyzed using a generalized additive model and segmented regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 872 women and 1321 men. Indices such as abdominal volume index (AVI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were inversely associated with osteoporosis. In women, the relationship between the risk of osteoporosis and the adiposity indices was U-shaped, with thresholds of WC = 94 cm, AVI = 17.67 cm², BMI = 25.74 kg/m², VAI = 4.29, and WHtR = 0.61, considering changes in bone mineral density. Conversely, men exhibited a linear patterns for the inverse association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The impact of obesity and adiposity on osteoporosis varies significantly between women and men. In postmenopausal women, the relationship is nonlinear (U-shaped), with both very low and very high adiposity linked to higher osteoporosis risk. In men over 50, the relationship is linear, with higher adiposity associated with lower osteoporosis risk. The study suggests that maintaining specific levels of adiposity could help prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Diarrhea Disease and Identify its Determinants among Under-Five Years Children in East Africa.","authors":"Tirualem Zeleke Yehuala, Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh, Makda Fekadie Tewelgne, Sisay Maru Wubante","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00259-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00259-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The second most common cause of death for children under five is diarrhea. Early Predicting diarrhea disease and identify its determinants (factors) using an advanced machine learning model is the most effective way to save the lives of children. Hence, this study aimed to predict diarrheal diseases, identify their determinants, and generate some rules using machine learning models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used secondary data from the 12 east African countries for DHS dataset analysis using Python. Machine learning techniques such as Random Forest, Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression (LR), wrapper feature selection and SHAP values are used for identify determinants.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The final experimentation results indicated the random forest model performed the best to predict diarrhea disease with an accuracy of 86.5%, precision of 89%, F-measure of 86%, AUC curve of 92%, and recall of 82%. Important predictors' identified age, countries, wealth status, mother's educational status, mother's age, source of drinking water, number of under-five children immunization status, media exposure, timing of breast feeding, mother's working status, types of toilet, and twin status were associated with a higher predicted probability of diarrhea disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to this study, child caregivers are fully aware of sanitation and feeding their children, and moms are educated, which can reduce child mortality by diarrhea in children in east Africa. This leads to a recommendation for policy direction to reduce infant mortality in East Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China Based on SARIMA Models Between 2013 and 2021.","authors":"Jingwen Liu, Wu Zeng, Chao Zhuo, Yu Liu, Lei Zhu, Guanyang Zou","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00273-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00273-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chinese government implemented nationwide public health interventions to control its spread. However, the impact of these measures on other infectious diseases remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The incidence of three types of notifiable infectious diseases in China were analyzed between 2013 and 2021. The seasonal Mann-Kendall test and Mann-Kendall mutation test were employed to examine trends and mutations in the time series. Based on the counterfactual inference, historical incidence rates were employed to construct SARIMA models and predict incidence between January 2020 and December 2021. Differences between reported and predicted incidences during the pandemic were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2013 and 2019, the incidence rate of three types of notifiable infectious diseases fluctuated between 494.05/100,000 and 550.62/100,000. No discernible trend was observed for types A and B infectious diseases (Z = -1.344, P = 0.18). A significant upward trend was observed for type C infectious diseases (Z = 2.56, P = 0.01). In 2020, the overall incidence rate of three types of notifiable infectious diseases decreased to 367.08/100,000. Compared to predicted values, the reported incidence of three types of infectious diseases was, on average, 30.05% lower in 2020 and 16.58% lower in 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The public health interventions implemented during the pandemic had a positive consequence on the prevention and control of other infectious diseases, with a particularly notable effect on type C infectious diseases. Among the diseases with different transmission routes, respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal or enteroviral diseases decreased significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2023.","authors":"Xiu-Jie Chu, Dan-Dan Song, Na Chu, Jia-Bing Wu, Xiaomin Wu, Xiu-Zhi Chen, Ming Li, Qing Li, Qingqing Chen, Yong Sun, Lei Gong","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00235-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00235-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the spatial autocorrelation and spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS) in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of SFTS in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2023 were collected. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted using GeoDa software, while spatiotemporal scanning was performed using SaTScan 10.0.1 software to identify significant spatiotemporal clusters of SFTS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2011 to 2023, 5720 SFTS cases were reported in Anhui Province, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.7131/100,000. The incidence of SFTS in Anhui Province reached its peak mainly from April to May, with a small peak in October. The spatial autocorrelation results showed that from 2011 to 2023, there was a spatial positive correlation(P < 0.05) in the incidence of SFTS in all counties and districts of Anhui Province. Local autocorrelation high-high clustering areas are mainly located in the south of the Huaihe River. The spatiotemporal scanning results show three main clusters of SFTS in recent years: the first cluster located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the eastern region of Anhui Province; the second cluster primarily focused on the region of the Dabie Mountain range, while the third cluster primarily focused on the region of the Huang Mountain range.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of SFTS in Anhui Province in 2011-2023 was spatially clustered.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Reliable Contact Tracing During the 2021 Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in Guinea.","authors":"Mory Keita, Ibrahima Sory Cherif, Jonathan A Polonsky, Samuel T Boland, Youba Kandako, Mahamoud Sama Cherif, Mamadou Kourouma, Aly Antoine Kamano, Houssainatou Bah, Ibrahima Sory Fofana, Georges Alfred Ki-Zerbo, Stephanie Dagron, Dick Chamla, Abdou Salam Gueye, Olivia Keiser","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00202-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00202-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2021, an Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak was declared in Guinea, linked to persistent virus from the 2014-2016 West Africa Epidemic. This paper analyzes factors associated with contact tracing reliability (defined as completion of a 21-day daily follow-up) during the 2021 outbreak, and transitively, provides recommendations for enhancing contact tracing reliability in future.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study using multivariate regression analysis of contact tracing data from 1071 EVD contacts of 23 EVD cases (16 confirmed and 7 probable).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed statistically significant factors affecting contact tracing reliability. Unmarried contacts were 12.76× more likely to miss follow-up than those married (OR = 12.76; 95% CI [3.39-48.05]; p < 0.001). Rural-dwelling contacts had 99% lower odds of being missed during the 21-day follow-up, compared to those living in urban areas (OR = 0.01; 95% CI [0.00-0.02]; p < 0.01). Contacts who did not receive food donations were 3× more likely to be missed (OR = 3.09; 95% CI [1.68-5.65]; p < 0.001) compared to those who received them. Contacts in health areas with a single team were 8× more likely to be missed (OR = 8.16; 95% CI [5.57-11.96]; p < 0.01) than those in health areas with two or more teams (OR = 1.00; 95% CI [1.68-5.65]; p < 0.001). Unvaccinated contacts were 30.1× more likely to be missed compared to vaccinated contacts (OR = 30.1; 95% CI [5.12-176.83]; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that contact tracing reliability can be significantly influenced by various demographic and organizational factors. Considering and understanding these factors-and where possible addressing them-may be crucial when designing and implementing contact tracing strategies during future outbreaks in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine and Pediatric Care in Rural and Remote Areas of Middle-and-Low-Income Countries: Narrative Review.","authors":"Yossef Alnasser, Alvaro Proaño, Christine Loock, John Chuo, Robert H Gilman","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00214-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00214-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Caring for children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) can be challenging. This review article aims to explore role of telemedicine in supporting pediatric care in LMIC.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A narrative review of existing English and Spanish literature was conducted to assess role of telemedicine to support pediatric care in LMIC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Beside medical education and direct pediatric care, telemedicine can provide sub-specialties consultations without extra burden on families. Additionally, telemedicine can help in lowering under-5 mortality by supporting neonatal care, infectious illnesses, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Telemedicine can be a gate for universal coverage for all children at a lower cost. For over a decade, it has been implemented successfully and sustained in a few LMIC. However, challenges in implementing telemedicine are enormous. Still, opportunities arise by using simpler technology, low-width band internet, smartphones, instant messaging applications and solar energy. COVID-19 pandemic facilitated acceptance and applicability of telemedicine worldwide including LMIC. Nevertheless, governments must regulate telemedicine by issuing policies and ensuring employment of local experts when possible to meet local resources and cultural competency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Telemedicine has proven successful in improving pediatrics care. Many LMIC should take advantage of this innovation to promote equity and access to high quality pediatric care.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140119599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the Link Between Anxiety/Depression and Alzheimer's Dementia in the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study.","authors":"Liwei Ma, Edwin C K Tan, Ashley I Bush, Colin L Masters, Benjamin Goudey, Liang Jin, Yijun Pan, Aibl Research Group","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00266-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00266-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The associations between mood disorders (anxiety and depression) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's dementia (AD) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle (AIBL) study were subjected to logistic regression to determine both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between anxiety/depression and MCI/AD. Effect modification by selected covariates was analysed using the likelihood ratio test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis was performed to explore the association between anxiety/depression and MCI/AD among 2,209 participants with a mean [SD] age of 72.3 [7.4] years, of whom 55.4% were female. After adjusting for confounding variables, we found a significant increase in the odds of AD among participants with two mood disorders (anxiety: OR 1.65 [95% CI 1.04-2.60]; depression: OR 1.73 [1.12-2.69]). Longitudinal analysis was conducted to explore the target associations among 1,379 participants with a mean age of 71.2 [6.6] years, of whom 56.3% were female. During a mean follow-up of 5.0 [4.2] years, 163 participants who developed MCI/AD (refer to as PRO) were identified. Only anxiety was associated with higher odds of PRO after adjusting for covariates (OR 1.56 [1.03-2.39]). However, after additional adjustment for depression, the association became insignificant. Additionally, age, sex, and marital status were identified as effect modifiers for the target associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides supportive evidence that anxiety and depression impact on the evolution of MCI/AD, which provides valuable epidemiological insights that can inform clinical practice, guiding clinicians in offering targeted dementia prevention and surveillance programs to the at-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141419451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton Pump Inhibitor for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Myocardial Infarction on Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy: A Nationwide Cohort Study.","authors":"Minyoul Baik, Jimin Jeon, Jinkwon Kim, Joonsang Yoo","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00267-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00267-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Guidelines provide various recommendations for the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) to prevent upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding in acute myocardial infarction (MI) treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). We evaluated the effects of PPIs in reducing the risk of severe UGI bleeding in patients with MI receiving DAPT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted for acute MI between 2014 and 2018, based on a nationwide health claims database in Korea. Primary outcome was admission for severe UGI bleeding requiring transfusion within 1 year of MI diagnosis. A multivariable Cox regression model was used to calculate the association between PPI use and severe UGI bleeding risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 100,556 patients with MI on DAPT (mean age, 63.7 years; 75.4% men), 37% were prescribed PPIs. Based on risk assessment for UGI bleeding, among 6,392 (6.4%) high-risk and 94,164 (93.6%) low-risk patients, 50.5% and 35.8% received PPIs, respectively. Overall, 0.5% of the patients experienced severe UGI bleeding within 1 year after MI. The use of PPI was associated with a reduced risk of severe UGI bleeding (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.70; P < 0.001). The benefits of PPIs were consistent in high-risk (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.45-1.13; P = 0.147) and low-risk (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.43-0.68; P < 0.001) patients (P for interaction = 0.481).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among Korean patients with MI receiving DAPT, PPIs were underutilized, even among those at high risk of severe UGI bleeding. Nonetheless, PPI use reduced severe UGI bleeding in low- and high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride-Glucose Index, Modifiable Lifestyle, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.","authors":"Anthony Kityo, Sang-Ah Lee","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00282-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00282-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin-mediated pathways plausibly explain the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) is a surrogate of insulin resistance (IR), but its association with CRC in the Korean population has not been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From the 2004-2013 Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, 98,800 participants aged 40-69 years were followed through 2020. Data on CRC incidence were obtained from the Korean National Cancer Center registry. Cox regression models and restricted cubic splines were fitted to examine the association between the TyG; In [(triglycerides) × (fasting glucose)/2] and CRC incidence. Joint effects of modifiable lifestyle factors and TyG on CRC risk were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median follow-up time was 10.6 years, and 699 CRC cases were observed. A unit-increment in TyG was associated with increased risk of CRC combined (hazard ratio, HR: 1.28, and 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.12-1.46), colon (1.29, 1.10-1.54), and rectal cancer (1.24, 1.01-1.52). Associations were dose-dependent, with linear associations observed for CRC and colon, but non-linear associations were observed for rectal cancer. A high TyG index (above 8.4) combined with overweight/obesity was linked to an increased risk of CRC (1.31, 1.07-1.61) and colon cancer (1.33, 1.03-1.72). When combined with low fruit and vegetable intake, the risks were higher for CRC (1.40, 1.12-1.74) and colon cancer (1.57, 1.18-2.09). Combined with high red meat consumption, the risks were elevated for CRC (1.32, 1.05-1.65) and colon cancer (1.52, 1.15-2.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A high TyG index was associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer, and the risk was highest among participants with a high BMI, low fruit and vegetable intake, and high intake of red meat, suggesting a role of both insulin resistance and modifiable lifestyle in colorectal cancer development.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Testing Among Breast Cancer Patients in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia: Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Ghadeer Al Ghareeb, Zainab Al Nass, Salma Abu-Grain, Alia Alnaji, Hani Almohanna, Hadi Al Shaikh Nasser, Saad Al Shahrani","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00296-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00296-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetic testing for persons with a heightened likelihood of harboring a germline mutation permits early identification and appropriate management. This study aimed to identify the proportion of breast cancer (BC) patients who were offered genetic testing and the prevalence of BRCA mutations among them. Additionally, we assessed the demographic and clinical features of BC patients in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from 2535 patients with BC were retrieved from the registry between 2017 and 2021. The data were analyzed and presented using univariate and bivariate statistics. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression analysis were computed to identify the predictors of BRCA testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with BC ranged in age from 18 to 103 years, and the mean age was 49.60 ± 12.14 years. BC was detected in men in 29 (1.1%) cases. Among diagnosed patients with BC, a total of 96 (3.7%) patients underwent testing for BRCA gene mutations. Of them, 36 (37.5%) patients had a BRCA gene mutation. The likelihood of undergoing BRCA testing was higher for those who were diagnosed with the condition before the age of 50, patients who were referred from private institutions, and patients with a history of previously diagnosed cancer. The likelihood of conducting BRCA testing was significantly lower among those with distant metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proportion of BRCA testing among BC patients was found to be relatively low. The development of a cost-effective, locally developed risk assessment tool that incorporates genetic counseling and testing for those with a familial predisposition to BC is imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}