Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness最新文献

{"title":"Dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity patterns and phenotypic age acceleration in American adults: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Dongzhe Wu ,&nbsp;Peng Huang ,&nbsp;Xue Geng ,&nbsp;Chaoyi Qu ,&nbsp;Zhijian Rao ,&nbsp;Jianhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Shen ,&nbsp;Qiangman Wei ,&nbsp;Shijie Liu ,&nbsp;Jiexiu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>With the accelerating global population aging, delaying aging and promoting healthy aging have become focal points in public health and clinical medicine. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) is an important indicator of biological aging speed. This study aims to explore the relationship between different leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) patterns and PhenoAgeAccel, analyzing the association and dose-response relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018, including 14,868 adults. Multivariable linear regression models and restricted cubic spline methods were used to assess the relationship between LTPA and PhenoAgeAccel, with segmented likelihood ratio tests to detect non-linear thresholds. Stratified regression and interaction tests explored potential modifications by sex, age, race, and socioeconomic status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to individuals with no LTPA, those with inactive and regular LTPA patterns had significantly lower PhenoAgeAccel scores (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while the weekend warrior pattern showed no significant effect (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). A non-linear threshold effect was found; below 560 min of weekly LTPA, a significant negative correlation existed (β = −0.001, 95 % CI: 0.001 to −0.0003, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Above this threshold, LTPA was positively correlated with PhenoAgeAccel, indicating a risk for accelerated aging (β = 0.0003, 95 % CI: 0.00002 to 0.001, <em>P</em> = 0.03). Similar non-linear threshold effects were found for both males and females.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regular LTPA significantly reduces phenotypic age acceleration, with a non-linear threshold effect indicating moderate physical activity is most beneficial. The weekend warrior pattern was less effective. These findings highlight the necessity of personalized physical activity recommendations and provide evidence for public health strategies to promote healthy aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 445-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of 8 weeks of rhythmic physical activity on gross motor movements in 4-5-year-olds: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Haotian Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongjia Deng ,&nbsp;Ge Song ,&nbsp;Hongkang Zhu ,&nbsp;Lingyu Sun ,&nbsp;Huixin Li ,&nbsp;Yi Yan ,&nbsp;Chang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Rhythmic physical activity holds promise for positively influencing the gross motor development of 4-5-year-old children, yet empirical research in this domain remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rhythmic physical activity on the gross motor development in children aged 4–5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty children aged 4–5 years were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Both groups participated in a 10-week intervention program facilitated by a professional trainer, with support from numerous dedicated volunteers from reputable sports universities. This program comprised a one-week baseline assessment followed by 8 weeks of rhythmic physical activity training conducted three times per week. Gross motor performance was assessed using the PGMQ scale before and one week after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the 8-week intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significant enhancements in displacement ability, with notable improvements observed in. Specifically, the scores for running, sliding lateral transfer, leaping step, two-footed back-and-forth jump, and total displacement ability showed significant increases (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the total scores for running, standing long jump, sliding lateral transfer, leaping step, two-footed back-and-forth jump, and displacement ability exhibited significant differences between the intervention and control groups (P &lt; 0.05). Regarding manipulative ability, the intervention group showed significant increases in scores for over-the-shoulder throwing, two-handed catching, and kicking (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences between groups in the scores for two-handed catching and kicking (P &lt; 0.05). Concerning balance ability, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in scores for single-leg stand, double-leg stand, and total balance ability (P &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed in any of the indices within the control group (P &gt; 0.05). The two-way repeated measures ANOVA of intervention × time revealed significant differences in scores for running, sliding lateral movement, leaping step, jumping back and forth with both feet, leading ability, kicking, manipulation ability, single-leg stand, double-leg stand, balance ability, and gross motor scores (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study underscores the beneficial impact of engaging in eight weeks of rhythmic physical activity on the gross motor development of 4-5-year-olds. Furthermore, the improvements in gross motor development achieved through rhythmic physical activity may surpass those obtained through general physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 456-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cool mama: Temperature regulation during high-intensity interval running in pregnant elite and recreational athletes","authors":"Sofia Brevik-Persson ,&nbsp;Christina Gjestvang ,&nbsp;Emilie Mass Dalhaug ,&nbsp;Birgitte Sanda ,&nbsp;Jørgen Melau ,&nbsp;Lene A.H. Haakstad","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Regular exercise during pregnancy is beneficial, but athletes often exceed the recommended 150 min of moderate-intensity activity, incorporate high-intensity exercises. The upper limit for exercise intensity and duration on fetal and maternal safety remains uncertain. A concern is a maternal core body temperature of &gt;39.0 °C, potentially increase the risk of heat-related fetal malformations and complications during pregnancy. Blood flow redirection for thermoregulation could compromise fetal cardiovascular function, increasing the risk of miscarriage and preterm labor. This study evaluated whether pregnant women (gestational weeks 25–35) were at risk of exceeding a core body temperature of 39.0 °C during high-intensity running. We also investigated effects on skin temperature, fluid loss, and thermal sensation, comparing pregnant athletes to non-pregnant controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this comparative cross-sectional study, 30 elite and recreational athletes (pregnant n = 15) completed up to five high-intensity treadmill-intervals. Core and skin temperature were continuously measured. Body weight was utilized to calculate the amount of fluid loss.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Highest core body temperature were 38.76 °C and 39.56 °C in one pregnant and non-pregnant participant, respectively. Pregnant participants had lower core body temperatures (mean difference −0.47 °C, p ≤ 0.001) initially and a smaller increase (0.10 °C, p ≤ 0.003) during later intervals compared with the non-pregnant controls. Pregnant participants also showed a greater increase in skin temperature (4.08 ± 0.72 °C vs. 3.25 ± 0.86 °C, p = 0.008) and fluid loss (0.81 ± 0.19 L vs. 0.50 ± 0.12 L, p˂0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Physiological changes in pregnancy may enhance thermoregulation, indicating that high-intensity interval runs are unlikely to pose a risk of exceeding a core body temperature of 39 °C for pregnant athletes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 429-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000625/pdfft?md5=5a81a67e8d8271058b1f4e4e66188704&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000625-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of electronic health (eHealth) interventions for promoting physical activity self-efficacy in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nike Lu ,&nbsp;Patrick W.C. Lau ,&nbsp;Huiqi Song ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruhina Binta A. Ghani ,&nbsp;Chenglong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><p>Physical activity (PA) self-efficacy plays a crucial role in maintaining and enhancing PA behaviors in children. However, the effectiveness of eHealth interventions in boosting PA self-efficacy among children remains uncertain. Furthermore, which behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in eHealth interventions can positively influence children's PA self-efficacy needs further exploration for designing tailored eHealth interventions. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the effectiveness of eHealth interventions and BCTs in promoting children's PA self-efficacy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Ovid, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO) up to January 8, 2024. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCT), quasi-experimental, and two-group experiments that examined the effect of eHealth interventions on PA self-efficacy among healthy children aged 0–18 years. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was utilized to assess the risk of bias. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions and BCTs in selected studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixteen studies were screened, including 6020 participants with an average age of 11.58 years (SD = 2.87). The result showed small but significant intervention effects with high heterogeneity (I² = 92.34 %) for postintervention PA self-efficacy (<em>Hedges’ g</em> = 0.315; 95 % CI = 0.069, 0.562, <em>p</em> = .012). Two BCTs were significantly associated with enhanced PA self-efficacy: <em>instruction on performing the behavior</em> (p = .003) and <em>behavior demonstration</em> (<em>p</em> = .036). Additionally, studies that adopted social support (unspecified) a nd prompt/cues were significantly less effective than studies that did not use these BCTs (p = .001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings showed that eHealth interventions positively affect children's PA self-efficacy. This review is the pioneer in focusing on BCTs in eHealth interventions for children. The insights gained provide valuable knowledge about tailored BCTs incorporated into eHealth interventions that promote children's PA self-efficacy.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO): CRD42024512058.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 417-428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000613/pdfft?md5=16e7f234a1af8ba2fcfd007e9fcc4058&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000613-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a game-based high-intensity interval training on executive function and other health indicators of children with ADHD: A three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial","authors":"Fenghua Sun ,&nbsp;Yuan Fang ,&nbsp;Ying Fung Ho ,&nbsp;Gary Chi-Ching Chow ,&nbsp;Yaxi Yang ,&nbsp;Kunyi Huang ,&nbsp;Clare Chung-Wah Yu ,&nbsp;Duo Liu ,&nbsp;Stephen Heung-Sang Wong ,&nbsp;Parco Ming-Fai Siu ,&nbsp;Simon B. Cooper","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Children with ADHD demand for effective intervention with minimum side effect to improve executive function (EF) and health well-being.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This study used a three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial to test the effects of two different kinds of 8-week game-based training programs (game-based HIIT program, GameHIIT; and game-based structured aerobic exercise program, GameSAE) on EF and other health indicators of children with ADHD, which was compared with a non-treatment control group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 49 children with ADHD completed the program. Analyses of EF tests and parental survey indicated that (i) there is no significant intragroup difference among all measures between pre-/post-intervention tests for two game-based intervention groups. The only significant intergroup difference was observed in self-monitor score of parent-reported child's EF between GameSAE group and the control (large effect). Similarly, cerebral hemodynamic responses also found no significant group effect for all EF tests. However, the time effects were observed in several channels in the GameHIIT group in two EF tests (Color Words Stroop Test and Tower of London Test). No significant change of participants' overall ADHD symptoms was found in the pre-/post-tests for three groups. Nonetheless, further analyses revealed that both of two game-based training programs exhibited the significant positive effects on child's PA levels and the large effects on levels of physical fitness, when they were compared to the control.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>By this study, a significant enhancement in physical fitness and PA levels were found in both game-based PA interventions when they were compared with control group. However, the effectiveness of game-based PA interventions on improving EF or reducing ADHD symptoms remains unclear. This implies that a larger intervention dosage or a tailored intervention design may be warranted to improve the EF of children with ADHD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 408-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000601/pdfft?md5=7272fa95f5e97e9a7235146ea774d3f4&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000601-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Enhancing physical and cognitive function in older adults through walking & resistance exercise: Korean national aging project randomized controlled study” [J Exercise Sci Fitness 22 (4) (October 2024) 383-389]","authors":"Parivash Jamrasi,&nbsp;Li Xinxing,&nbsp;Sung Yunho,&nbsp;Kim Dong Hyun,&nbsp;Ahn Seo Hyun,&nbsp;Kang Yu Seon,&nbsp;Wook Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 406-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000595/pdfft?md5=8ab5ddd48f6d486dd2ca5270e87fb4ac&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000595-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24-H movement behaviours research in Chinese population: A scoping review","authors":"Jiafu Huang ,&nbsp;Aamir Raoof Memon ,&nbsp;Ran Bao ,&nbsp;Huiying Fan ,&nbsp;Lijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Sitong Chen ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Numerous studies examining 24-h movement behaviours have been exponentially published globally. However, no comprehensive reviews summarized and synthesized the evidence on the Chinese population. This review aimed to map the most recent research state and fill the gaps related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and CNKI (Chinese database)) were searched from their inceptions through October 2023. Quantitative studies published in English and/or Chinese were included if they were related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From 9431 documents screened, 53 met the inclusion criteria. All the included studies were published between 2019 and 2023, showing a notable increasing trend over the years. Most studies used cross-sectional designs (96.2 %) and self-reported measures (56.6 %). Nearly all the studies targeted general healthy population (96.2 %), especially children and adolescents (64.2 %). The main three research topics observed were health outcomes (81.1 %), prevalence (66.0 %), and correlates (15.1 %) of 24-h movement behaviours.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population has been an increasingly important research topic in the literature, with predominant focus on children and adolescents (study population), self-report measure (measurement), cross-sectional design (study design), guidelines adherence (study topic), and health outcomes examination (study topic). These findings delineate a research landscape in the Chinese population, and highlight the research gaps needed to be addressed. Future studies are suggested to target these research gaps, expanding evidence base for the Chinese populations. For instance, more studies using device-based measures, longitudinal or interventional designs, as well as qualitative and mixed-methods approaches are required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 397-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000583/pdfft?md5=463d7a8a1fad6fa6672533987a6d0e59&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000583-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141934523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results from Chile's 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents","authors":"Nicolas Aguilar-Farias ,&nbsp;Sebastian Miranda-Marquez ,&nbsp;Marcelo Toledo-Vargas ,&nbsp;Kabir P. Sadarangani ,&nbsp;Jessica Ibarra-Mora ,&nbsp;Pia Martino-Fuentealba ,&nbsp;Jaime Carcamo-Oyarzun ,&nbsp;Carlos Cristi-Montero ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Paula Guarda-Saavedra ,&nbsp;Teresa Balboa-Castillo ,&nbsp;Astrid Von Oetinger ,&nbsp;Andrea Cortinez-O'Ryan","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To summarize the results of Chile's 2022 Report Card (RC) on physical activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Chile's 2022 RC included ten core PA indicators common to the Global Matrix 4.0. Evidence from scientific articles, reports, and databases published between 2018 and January 2022 was included for each indicator. The data were collected and analyzed by a national scientific committee, which assigned letter grades (A to F) using a consensus based on benchmarks defined and revised by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The committee assigned the following grades: Overall PA, D−; Organized Sports and Physical Activity Participation, C−; Active Play, Incomplete; Active Transportation, D; Sedentary Behavior, D−; Physical Fitness, Incomplete; Family and Peers, D; School, C; Community and Environment, D+; Government, A−.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Chile's 2022 RC, like its previous versions, shows persistently low grades for most indicators. Overall PA remained nearly unchanged, while Community and Environment scored lower. Slight improvements were seen in Organized Sports, Family and Peers, and School Environment. While Chile has endeavored to increase children's activity levels, policies require implementation through a systemic, coherent framework to promote sustainable changes and reach a larger portion of children and youth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 390-396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000571/pdfft?md5=2b30914bca6f78c9be64e757cfc63a1c&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000571-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141934522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome related to metabolic diseases after moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise","authors":"Somi Yun ,&nbsp;Yongsuk Seo ,&nbsp;Yunbin Lee,&nbsp;Dae Taek Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in gut microbiota related to metabolic diseases after moderate and high-intensity exercise. A total of 24 participants were divided into three groups: Non-Exercise Group (NEG, n = 8, 28.6 ± 5.3 years, 176.0 ± 7.8 cm, 81.3 ± 14.6 kg), Moderate Intensity Exercise Group (MIEG, n = 8, 26.5 ± 3.3 years, 176.9 ± 5.0 cm, 75.4 ± 9.5 kg), and Vigorous Intensity Exercise Group (VIEG, n = 8, 30.6 ± 5.9 years, 174.2 ± 3.5 cm, 77.8 ± 12.2 kg).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The participants were selected by assessing physical activity, gut health status, presence of diseases, recent disease diagnoses, and dietary disorders. Those who reported any presence disease or recent disease diagnosis were excluded from the current study. Stool samples were collected after a 10-h fast for gut microbiome analysis. MIEG participants trained at 40–59 % heart rate reserve (HRR) for at least 150 min per week, while VIEG participants trained at ≥ 60 % HRR for at least 90 min per week. After 4 weeks, all participants provided stool samples for gut microbiome analysis.</p><p>Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon test, with statistical significance set at ≤ 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicated an increase in Prevotella in MIEG, while Veillonella, Dorea_formicigenerans, and Dorea_longicatena exhibited a decrease (p &lt; 0.05). In VIEG, there was an increase in Bacteroides, Butyricimonas, Odoribacter, and Alistipes (p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These modified microbial groups were associated with factors related to metabolic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, colorectal cancer, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic liver diseases, and ischemic heart diseases. Additional research is essential to delve into the relationship between exercise and these alterations in the microbiome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 375-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X2400056X/pdfft?md5=2c691e3f3d6c1e794b7edff01621fb97&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X2400056X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing physical and cognitive function in older adults through walking & resistance exercise: Korean national aging project randomized controlled study","authors":"Parivash Jamrasi ,&nbsp;Xinxing Li ,&nbsp;Yunho Sung ,&nbsp;Dong Hyun Kim ,&nbsp;Seo Hyun Ahn ,&nbsp;Yu Seon Kang ,&nbsp;Wook Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The rapid aging of Korea's population underscores the urgent need for effective programs to enhance the well-being and longevity of the elderly. This study presents preliminary results from the Korean project, examining the impact of cost-effective and accessible exercise programs on functional performance of older people and to determine the long-term maintenance of intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We randomized 90 older adults aged ≥65 years to the walking group (WG), resistance + walking (RWG), or active control (CG) group. We designed a 12-week main intervention (supervised resistance training 2 d/week and individual walking exercise) and a 12-week follow-up through self-directed exercise (same protocol but unsupervised). The participants’ mini mental state examination, color-word Stroop test and 5-time sit to stand, timed up &amp; go, handgrip strength, and knee extensor strength tests were assessed at pre, post, as well as follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For the RWG group, significant improvements were found in timed up &amp; go (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and 5-time sit to stand (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to CG, with benefits maintained at follow-up. Both RWG and WG showed significant enhancements in knee extensor power (RWG: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; WG: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and flexor power (RWG: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01; WG: <em>P</em> = 0.018) compared to CG. Although cognitive performance did not show significant group-by-time interactions, RWG exhibited improvements in the Stroop Color and Color-Word tests at follow-up compared to baseline.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A resistance training program combined with walking effectively enhanced functional performance in older adults, providing lasting benefits over 12 weeks on physical functions, such as strength and endurance. However, it showed limited benefits on cognitive performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 383-389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000558/pdfft?md5=9be4a1f148c4037cdcbba654ce6976ef&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}