Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第9页

Building bridges: allyship as a catalyst for gender diversity and inclusion in experimental biology communities.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249550

M Janneke Schwaner, Ksenia Keplinger

{"title":"Building bridges: allyship as a catalyst for gender diversity and inclusion in experimental biology communities.","authors":"M Janneke Schwaner, Ksenia Keplinger","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249550","url":null,"abstract":"Diversity drives innovation and creativity, directly contributing to scientific excellence. However, achieving equity in academia, including in experimental biology fields such as biomechanics and comparative physiology, remains a significant challenge, with women and other historically marginalized groups underrepresented, especially in more senior roles. When considering gender, the disparity is often linked to difficulties in balancing family responsibilities with demanding careers, along with lower 'academic visibility', as evidenced by fewer professional awards for women scientists. Many successful women who balance career and family keep their family lives private, making these aspects invisible to early career scholars, and thus depriving them of role models. To help close the gender gap, in this Perspective, we propose 10 actionable strategies for scholars at all career stages to promote gender diversity and inclusion through active allyship. Although we focus on gender diversity, these strategies can be broadly applied to harness the benefits of other diversity dimensions (e.g. age or ethnicity). We argue that embracing allyship benefits individual scientists, their research groups, the quality of their research, the broader research community and society at large by enhancing collective scientific output and inspiring the next generation of scientists.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparison of seasonal flexibility in pectoralis muscle fiber type and enzyme activity in migratory and resident sparrow species.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249392

Louisa M Lewicki, Marina Zhang, James F Staples, Christopher G Guglielmo, Catherine M Ivy

{"title":"A comparison of seasonal flexibility in pectoralis muscle fiber type and enzyme activity in migratory and resident sparrow species.","authors":"Louisa M Lewicki, Marina Zhang, James F Staples, Christopher G Guglielmo, Catherine M Ivy","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249392","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249392","url":null,"abstract":"The pectoralis muscle in birds is important for flight and thermogenesis. In migratory songbirds this muscle exhibits seasonal flexibility in size, but whether this flexibility reflects changes in muscle fiber type has not been well documented. We investigated how seasonal changes in photoperiod affected pectoralis muscle fiber type and metabolic enzymes, comparing among three closely related sparrow species: two seasonal migrants and one year-round, temperate climate resident. We quantified fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) and fast glycolytic (FG) fibers histologically, and measured activities of citrate synthase (CS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the pectoralis muscle of the three species that were acclimated to long or short periods of daylight. In all species, FOG was the predominant fiber type, but song sparrows had FG fibers regardless of daylight conditions. By contrast, Lincoln's sparrows incorporated FG fibers only under short-daylight conditions, and house sparrows did not significantly express FG fibers, regardless of daylight length. Both migratory species increased LDH activity in short-daylight conditions but did not alter CS activity. In contrast, resident house sparrows did not alter CS or LDH activity with changes in daylight length. Our findings suggest that the presence of FG fibers is important for seasonal flexibility in LDH activity. Additionally, migratory species exhibited seasonal flexibility in muscle fiber type and enzyme activity, presumably to support migratory flight, while the resident species did not exhibit such seasonal flexibility, suggesting that this consistent phenotype is important year-round, despite changing thermogenic requirements.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial light at night alters risk-related behaviors of the ground-dwelling isopod Porcellionides pruinosus. 夜间人造光改变了陆栖等足动物的风险相关行为。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249626

Andrea Dissegna, Cinzia Chiandetti

{"title":"Artificial light at night alters risk-related behaviors of the ground-dwelling isopod Porcellionides pruinosus.","authors":"Andrea Dissegna, Cinzia Chiandetti","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249626","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249626","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial light at night (ALAN) has emerged as a significant ecological disruptor, affecting various behavioral and physiological processes in numerous species. This study investigated the impact of ALAN on the risk-related behaviors and activity patterns of the ground-dwelling isopod Porcellionides pruinosus. Isopods were exposed to one of three different illuminance conditions (<0.01, 1 and 10 lx) over a period of 14 consecutive nights. Behavioral assays included emergence, open-field, habituation to a looming stimulus, and spatial navigation tests. Additionally, the distribution and activity patterns of the isopods within the terraria were monitored. Our results indicate that ALAN significantly disrupted the repeatability of risk-related behaviors, suggesting individual-level behavioral alterations. At the group level, ALAN-exposed isopods exhibited prolonged freezing durations in response to a looming stimulus, increased shelter-seeking behavior and reduced dispersal in the terrarium. These findings suggest that ALAN-induced transformation of activity pattern of isopods is linked to the adoption of more prudent behaviors. A similar phenomenon may affect the activity pattern of other ground-dwelling invertebrates, leading to severe alterations of the soil invertebrate community.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thyroid hormones reversibly inhibit metamorphic development in ophiuroid larvae. 甲状腺激素可逆地抑制蛇蛆幼虫的变态发育。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249351

Elias Taylor, Jonathan D Allen, Andreas Heyland

{"title":"Thyroid hormones reversibly inhibit metamorphic development in ophiuroid larvae.","authors":"Elias Taylor, Jonathan D Allen, Andreas Heyland","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249351","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249351","url":null,"abstract":"The timing of metamorphosis and settlement is critical for the survival and reproductive success of marine animals with biphasic life cycles. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate developmental timing in diverse groups of chordates, including the regulation of metamorphosis in amphibians, teleosts, lancelets, tunicates and lampreys. Recent evidence suggests a role for TH regulation of metamorphosis outside of the chordates, including echinoderms, annelids and molluscs. Among echinoderms, TH effects on development as well as underlying signaling mechanisms in early embryogenesis have been documented for echinoid (sea urchin) larvae, but we lack information on TH effects on metamorphic development in most other echinoderm groups, including the ophiuroids (brittle stars). Unexpectedly, we found that THs, principally 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodo-l-thyronine (T4), reversibly inhibit metamorphic development and settlement in the daisy brittle star (Ophiopholis aculeata). Exposure to thiourea, an inhibitor of TH synthesis, accelerated metamorphic development. We showed that these effects were highly stage specific, providing evidence for a developmental point-of-no-return in ophiuroid metamorphic development. Furthermore, starvation of O. aculeata accelerated juvenile morphogenesis and settlement. Starvation also prevented the inhibitory effect of thiourea on TH function, suggesting that TH synthesis may play a role in delaying metamorphosis under conditions of high food availability. These findings provide evidence for a function of TH signaling in ophiuroid metamorphic development and suggest that exogenous TH sources may be involved in the regulation of metamorphic timing in O. aculeata. Together with new evidence of TH involvement in metamorphic development in a range of invertebrates, these findings further emphasize the versatile and central role of endocrine signaling in metamorphosis.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ATP and glutamate coordinate contractions in the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.248010

Vanessa R Ho, Greg G Goss, Sally P Leys

{"title":"ATP and glutamate coordinate contractions in the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri.","authors":"Vanessa R Ho, Greg G Goss, Sally P Leys","doi":"10.1242/jeb.248010","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.248010","url":null,"abstract":"Sponges (phylum Porifera) are an early diverging animal lineage without nervous and muscular systems, and yet they are able to produce coordinated whole-body contractions in response to disturbances. Little is known about the underlying signalling mechanisms in coordinating such responses. Previous studies demonstrated that sponges respond specifically to chemicals such as l-glutamate and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA), which trigger and prevent contractions, respectively. Genes for purinergic P2X-like receptors are present in several sponge genomes, leading us to ask whether ATP works with glutamate to coordinate contractions in sponges as it does in other animal nervous systems. Using pharmacological approaches on the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri, we show that ATP is involved in coordinating contractions. Bath application of ATP caused a rapid, sustained expansion of the excurrent canals in a dose-dependent manner. Complete contractions occurred when ATP was added in the presence of apyrase, an enzyme that hydrolyses ATP. Application of ADP, the first metabolic product of ATP hydrolysis, triggered complete contractions, whereas AMP, the subsequent metabolite, did not trigger a response. Blocking ATP from binding and activating P2X receptors with pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS) prevented both glutamate- and ATP-triggered contractions, suggesting that ATP works downstream of glutamate. Bioinformatic analysis revealed two P2X receptor sequences, one of which groups with other vertebrate P2X receptors. Altogether, our results confirm that purinergic signalling by ATP is involved in coordinating contractions in the freshwater sponge.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sexual dimorphism in jump kinematics and choreography in peacock spiders. 孔雀蛛跳跃运动学和编排的性双态性。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249416

Ajay Narendra, Anna Seibel, Fiorella Ramirez-Esquivel, Pranav Joshi, Donald James McLean, Luis Robledo-Ospina, Dinesh Rao

{"title":"Sexual dimorphism in jump kinematics and choreography in peacock spiders.","authors":"Ajay Narendra, Anna Seibel, Fiorella Ramirez-Esquivel, Pranav Joshi, Donald James McLean, Luis Robledo-Ospina, Dinesh Rao","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249416","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249416","url":null,"abstract":"Jumping requires a rapid release of energy to propel an animal. Terrestrial animals achieve this by relying on the power generated by muscles, or by storing and rapidly releasing elastic energy. Jumping spiders are distinctive in using a combination of hydraulic pressure and muscular action to propel their jumps. Though males and females of jumping spiders vary in body mass, sex-specific differences in jumping have never been studied. Here, we investigated the sexual dimorphism in the jump choreography and kinematics of spiders. We used high-speed videography (5000 frames s-1) to record locomotory jumps of males and females of the Australian splendid peacock spider, Maratus splendens. Using micro-computed tomography (µCT) imaging, we identified the animals' centre of mass and tracked its displacement throughout the jump. Our study revealed that peacock spiders exhibited the fastest acceleration among all known jumping spiders. Males demonstrated significantly shorter take-off times and steeper jump take-off angles compared with females. Our findings suggest that the third pair of legs acts as the propulsive leg in both male and female spiders. As males of M. splendens use leg III as part of the courtship display, we discuss the extreme selection pressure on this leg that drives two significant functions.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elevated developmental temperatures below the lethal limit reduce Aedes aegypti fertility. 低于致命限度的发育温度升高会降低埃及伊蚊的繁殖力。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249803

Miriama Pekľanská, Belinda van Heerwaarden, Ary A Hoffmann, Marcela Nouzová, Radek Šíma, Perran A Ross

{"title":"Elevated developmental temperatures below the lethal limit reduce Aedes aegypti fertility.","authors":"Miriama Pekľanská, Belinda van Heerwaarden, Ary A Hoffmann, Marcela Nouzová, Radek Šíma, Perran A Ross","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249803","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249803","url":null,"abstract":"Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the principal vectors of dengue and continue to pose a threat to human health, with ongoing urbanization, climate change and trade all impacting the distribution and abundance of this species. Hot periods are becoming increasingly common and their impacts on insect mortality have been well established, but they may have even greater impacts on insect fertility. In this study, we investigated the impacts of high temperatures on Ae. aegypti fertility both within and across generations. Mosquitoes developing under elevated temperatures exhibited higher critical thermal maxima (CTmax), reflecting developmental acclimation, but their fertility declined with increasing developmental temperature. In females, elevated developmental temperatures decreased fecundity while in males it tended to decrease the proportion of eggs that hatched and the proportion of individuals producing viable offspring. Rearing both sexes at 35°C increased fecundity in the subsequent generation but effects of elevated temperatures persisted across gonotrophic cycles within the same generation. Moreover, exposure of adults to 35°C further decreased fertility beyond the effects of developmental temperature alone. These findings highlight sub-lethal impacts of elevated temperatures on Ae. aegypti fertility and plastic responses to thermal stress within and across generations. This has significant implications for predicting the distribution and abundance of mosquito populations thriving in increasingly warmer environments.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Egg shape and color mediate acceptance thresholds in diverse avian host species with different rates of antiparasitic egg rejection. 卵的形状和颜色调节了不同鸟类宿主的接受阈值，具有不同的抗寄生卵排斥率。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249396

Facundo Fernandez-Duque, Mark Stanback, Shelby L Lawson, Mark E Hauber

{"title":"Egg shape and color mediate acceptance thresholds in diverse avian host species with different rates of antiparasitic egg rejection.","authors":"Facundo Fernandez-Duque, Mark Stanback, Shelby L Lawson, Mark E Hauber","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249396","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249396","url":null,"abstract":"Eggshell recognition in parental birds is vital for nest management, defense against brood parasitism, optimal embryonic development and minimizing disease and predation risks. This process relies on acceptance thresholds balancing the risk of rejecting own eggs against the benefit of excluding foreign ones, following signal detection theory. We investigated the role of object shape in egg rejection decisions among three host species of the obligate brood parasitic brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), each with a varying known response to parasitic eggs. Following previous studies on the American robin (Turdus migratorius; a robust cowbird-egg rejecter), we presented Eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis; moderate rejecter) and red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus; an accepter) with 3D-printed blue model eggs varying in width or angularity. To examine the shape-color interaction, we also presented Eastern bluebirds with these series in two colors and maculation: light blue (bluebird mimetic) and white with speckles (more cowbird-like). Both American robins and Eastern bluebirds were less likely to accept blue models as their width decreased. For the blue angularity series, acceptance decreased significantly with increased angularity for the red-winged blackbird, as has been previously seen in the American robin, but not for the Eastern bluebird. For bluebirds with the white-maculated models, these patterns remained but statistical significance reversed: acceptance did not decrease significantly with width, but did decrease significantly with angularity. These results suggest that egg shape variation influences antiparasitic egg rejection behaviors, is modulated by shell color and maculation patterns, and varies among different host species, highlighting the complexity of behavioral defense cues against brood parasitism.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic reciprocal morphological changes in insect hosts and bacterial symbionts.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249474

Anthony D Junker, Jason Z Chen, James G DuBose, Nicole M Gerardo

{"title":"Dynamic reciprocal morphological changes in insect hosts and bacterial symbionts.","authors":"Anthony D Junker, Jason Z Chen, James G DuBose, Nicole M Gerardo","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249474","url":null,"abstract":"Symbiotic interactions, central to most life on Earth, are interwoven associations that vary in intimacy and duration. Some of the most well-known examples of symbioses occur between animals and gut bacteria. These associations lead to physiological integration of host and symbionts. The diversity of microbes within animal hosts can make studying them technically challenging. Thus, most science heavily focuses on the animal side of symbioses, limiting study of the microbial symbionts to characterization of their genetic and functional diversity. These limitations are minimized in Heteropteran insects that have specialized midguts that separately house single symbiont species away from ingested food. These insect-bacteria associations allow us to address fundamental questions as to how both hosts and symbionts change to establish a cooperative relationship. In this study, through ex vivo and in vivo observations of cellular behaviors, we explore concurrent structural and cellular dynamics in both the squash bug host (Anasa tristis) and its Caballeronia zhejiangensis symbionts during the initiation of symbiosis. We elucidate how C. zhejiangensis is sequestered within a specialized symbiotic organ within the A. tristis midgut, how the symbiont uses active motility to reach the symbiotic organ, how symbionts colonize host crypts within the organ and how host crypt morphogenesis progresses during the initiation of symbiotic interactions. Our findings provide insight into how dynamic cellular activity and morphological development reciprocally change in both host and symbiont as they establish symbiotic interactions.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking warmer nest temperatures to reduced body size in seabird nestlings: Possible mitochondrial bioenergetic and proteomic mechanisms.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249880

Stefania Casagrande, Giacomo Dell'Omo

{"title":"Linking warmer nest temperatures to reduced body size in seabird nestlings: Possible mitochondrial bioenergetic and proteomic mechanisms.","authors":"Stefania Casagrande, Giacomo Dell'Omo","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249880","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid reduction of body size in populations responding to global warming suggests the involvement of temperature-dependent physiological adjustments during growth, such as mitochondrial alterations, in the efficiency of producing metabolic energy, a process that is poorly explored, especially in endotherms. Here, we examined the mitochondrial metabolism and proteomic profile of red blood cells in relation to body size and cellular energetics in nestling shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea) developing at different natural temperatures. We found that nestlings of warmer nests had lighter bodies and smaller beaks at fledging. Despite there was no effect of environmental temperature on cellular metabolic rate, mitochondria had a higher inefficiency in coupling metabolism to allocable energy production, as evidenced by bioenergetic and proteomic analyses. Mitochondrial inefficiency was positively related to cellular stress represented by heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes and markers of mitochondrial stress. The observed temperature-related mitochondrial inefficiency was associated with reduced beak size and body mass and was linked to a downregulation of cellular growth factors and growth promoters determining body size. By analyzing the links between environmental temperature, mitochondrial inefficiency and body size we discuss the physiological alterations that free-living birds, and probably other endotherms, need to trigger to cope with a warming world.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0