Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第9页

Another fly diuretic hormone: tachykinins increase fluid and ion transport by adult Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian 'renal' tubules. 另一种蝇类利尿激素：速激肽能增加黑腹果蝇成虫马尔皮格 "肾 "小管的液体和离子转运。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247668

Marishia A Agard, Meet Zandawala, Jean-Paul V Paluzzi

{"title":"Another fly diuretic hormone: tachykinins increase fluid and ion transport by adult Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian 'renal' tubules.","authors":"Marishia A Agard, Meet Zandawala, Jean-Paul V Paluzzi","doi":"10.1242/jeb.247668","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.247668","url":null,"abstract":"Insects such as the model organism Drosophila melanogaster must modulate their internal physiology to withstand changes in temperature and availability of water and food. Regulation of the excretory system by peptidergic hormones is one mechanism by which insects maintain their internal homeostasis. Tachykinins are a family of neuropeptides that have been shown to stimulate fluid secretion from the Malpighian 'renal' tubules (MTs) in some insect species, but it is unclear if that is the case in the fruit fly, D. melanogaster. A central objective of the current study was to examine the physiological role of tachykinin signaling in the MTs of adult D. melanogaster. Using the genetic toolbox available in this model organism along with in vitro and whole-animal bioassays, our results indicate that Drosophila tachykinins (DTKs) function as diuretic hormones by binding to the DTK receptor (DTKR) localized in stellate cells of the MTs. Specifically, DTK activates cation and anion transport across the stimulated MTs, which impairs their survival in response to desiccation because of their inability to conserve water. Thus, besides their previously described roles in neuromodulation of pathways controlling locomotion and food search, olfactory processing, aggression, lipid metabolism and metabolic stress, processing of noxious stimuli and hormone release, DTKs also appear to function as bona fide endocrine factors regulating the excretory system and appear essential for the maintenance of hydromineral balance.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drosophila require both green and UV wavelengths for sun orientation but lack a time-compensated sun compass. 果蝇需要绿色和紫外线波长来确定太阳方位，但缺乏时间补偿太阳罗盘。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246817

Haneal Pae, Jingzhu Liao, Nicole Yuen, Ysabel Milton Giraldo

{"title":"Drosophila require both green and UV wavelengths for sun orientation but lack a time-compensated sun compass.","authors":"Haneal Pae, Jingzhu Liao, Nicole Yuen, Ysabel Milton Giraldo","doi":"10.1242/jeb.246817","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.246817","url":null,"abstract":"Celestial orientation and navigation are performed by many organisms in contexts as diverse as migration, nest finding and straight-line orientation. The vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, performs menotaxis in response to celestial cues during tethered flight and can disperse more than 10 km under field conditions. However, we still do not understand how spectral components of celestial cues and pauses in flight impact heading direction in flies. To assess individual heading, we began by testing flies in a rotating tether arena using a single green LED as a stimulus. We found that flies robustly perform menotaxis and fly straight for at least 20 min. Flies maintain their preferred heading directions after experiencing a period of darkness or stopping flight, even up to 2 h, but reset their heading when the LED changes position, suggesting that flies do not treat this stimulus as the sun. Next, we assessed the flies' responses to a UV spot alone or a paired UV-green stimulus - two dots situated 180 deg apart to simulate the solar and antisolar hemispheres. We found that flies respond to UV much as they do to green light; however, when the stimuli are paired, flies adjust for sudden 90 deg movements, performing sun orientation. Lastly, we found no evidence of a time-compensated sun compass when we moved the paired stimuli at 15 deg h-1 for 6 h. This study demonstrates that wavelength influences how flies respond to visual cues during flight, shaping the interpretation of visual information to execute an appropriate behavioral response.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of cytosolic 'free' calcium in isolated coral cells with confocal microscopy. 利用共聚焦显微镜量化离体珊瑚细胞中的细胞膜 "游离 "钙。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247638

Alexander A Venn, Nathalie Techer, Natacha Segonds, Eric Tambutté, Sylvie Tambutté

引用次数: 0

Making in vitro conditions more reflective of in vivo conditions for research on the teleost gastrointestinal tract. 使体外条件更能反映体内条件，以研究远洋鱼类的胃肠道。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246440

Carol Bucking, Nic R Bury, Henrik Sundh, Chris M Wood

{"title":"Making in vitro conditions more reflective of in vivo conditions for research on the teleost gastrointestinal tract.","authors":"Carol Bucking, Nic R Bury, Henrik Sundh, Chris M Wood","doi":"10.1242/jeb.246440","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.246440","url":null,"abstract":"To date, the majority of in vitro or ex vivo fish gastrointestinal research has been conducted under unrealistic conditions. In a living fish, ionic conditions, as well as levels of ammonia, pH, HCO3- and PCO2 differ considerably between the different regions of the gastrointestinal tract. These factors also differ from those of the saline often used in gut research. Furthermore, the oxygen gradient from the serosa to the gut lumen is rarely considered: in contrast to the serosa, the lumen is a hypoxic/anoxic environment. In addition, the gut microbiome plays a significant role in gut physiology, increasing the complexity of the in vivo gut, but replicating the microbial community for in vitro studies is exceptionally difficult. However, there are ways in which we can begin to overcome these challenges. Firstly, the luminal chemistry and PO2 in each gut compartment must be carefully considered. Secondly, although microbiological culture techniques are improving, we must learn how to maintain the microbiome diversity seen in vivo. Finally, for ex vivo studies, developing mucosal (luminal) solutions that more closely mimic the in vivo conditions will better replicate physiological processes. Within the field of mammalian gut physiology, great advances in 'gut-on-chip' devices are providing the tools to better replicate in vivo conditions; adopting and adapting this technology may assist in fish gut research initiatives. This Commentary aims to make fish gut physiologists aware of the various issues in replicating the in vivo conditions and identifies solutions as well as those areas that require further improvement.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flight activity and effort of breeding pied flycatchers in the wild, revealed with accelerometers and machine learning. 用加速度计和机器学习揭示野外繁殖的斑鹊的飞行活动和努力程度。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247606

Hui Yu, Shujie Liang, Florian T Muijres, Jan Severin Te Lindert, Henrik J de Knegt, Anders Hedenström, Koosje P Lamers, Per Henningsson

{"title":"Flight activity and effort of breeding pied flycatchers in the wild, revealed with accelerometers and machine learning.","authors":"Hui Yu, Shujie Liang, Florian T Muijres, Jan Severin Te Lindert, Henrik J de Knegt, Anders Hedenström, Koosje P Lamers, Per Henningsson","doi":"10.1242/jeb.247606","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.247606","url":null,"abstract":"Flight behaviours of birds have been extensively studied from different angles such as their kinematics, aerodynamics and, more generally, their migration patterns. Nevertheless, much is still unknown about the daily foraging flight activity and behaviour of breeding birds, and potential differences among males and females. The recent development of miniaturized accelerometers allows us a glimpse into the daily life of a songbird. Here, we tagged 13 male and 13 female pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) with accelerometers and used machine learning approaches to analyse their flight activity and effort during the chick rearing period. We found that during 2 h of foraging, chick-rearing pied flycatchers were flying on average 13.7% of the time. Almost all flights (>99%) were short flights lasting less than 10 s. Flight activity changed throughout the day and was highest in the morning and lowest in the early afternoon. Male pied flycatchers had lower wing loading than females, and in-flight accelerations were inversely correlated with wing loading. Despite this, we found no significant differences in flight duration and intensity between sexes. This suggests that males possess a higher potential flight performance, which they did not fully utilize during foraging flights.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Testing mechanistic theories must be based on correct interpretations. 更正：检验机械理论必须以正确的解释为基础。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249637

Daniel Pauly, Johannes Müller

引用次数: 0

Lung mechanics in juvenile and adult Chelonoidis carbonarius. Chelonoidis carbonarius（Spix，1824 年）幼鱼和成鱼的肺力学。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247852

Paulo Roberto Custodio de Oliveira, Pedro Trevizan-Baú, Ray Brasil Bueno de Souza, Wilfried Klein

{"title":"Lung mechanics in juvenile and adult Chelonoidis carbonarius.","authors":"Paulo Roberto Custodio de Oliveira, Pedro Trevizan-Baú, Ray Brasil Bueno de Souza, Wilfried Klein","doi":"10.1242/jeb.247852","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.247852","url":null,"abstract":"Testudines possess a rigid shell that influences the mechanics of the respiratory system. We studied respiratory mechanics in the terrestrial red-footed tortoise Chelonoidis carbonarius (Cryptodira), comparing juvenile individuals with a less ossified and more flexible carapace with adults with a well-ossified rigid shell. Combined with these ontogenetic differences, we analyzed respiratory system mechanics with animals in a supine and a prone position, as well as in the isolated lungs, to evaluate the impact of the viscera on breathing mechanics. To do so, we used established protocols to measure pulmonary volume (i.e. resting, VLr; and maximum, VLm), static (Cstat) and dynamic (Cdyn) compliance, and the work of breathing (W). We observed that isolated lungs displayed increased VLr, VLm, Cstat and Cdyn and decreased W. Additionally, pulmonary volume, compliance and W were affected by evaluated position, such as a smaller VLr in a supine position. Cdyn and W showed a volume dependency while frequency had less influence on these variables. At similar levels of ventilation, juveniles showed a lower W than adults when standardized by body mass, but similar W when standardized by VLr. Clear ontogenetic changes could be observed in breathing mechanics between juvenile and adult C. carbonarius. While these differences might largely be explained by variation in shell ossification, other explanations such as differences in visceral proportions or developmental degree of the post-pulmonary septum should also be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Odor exposure during imprinting periods increases odorant-specific sensitivity and receptor gene expression in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). 在印记期暴露于气味会增加鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch）对气味的特异性敏感性和受体基因表达。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247786

Andrew H Dittman, Darran May, Marc A Johnson, David H Baldwin, Nathaniel L Scholz

{"title":"Odor exposure during imprinting periods increases odorant-specific sensitivity and receptor gene expression in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).","authors":"Andrew H Dittman, Darran May, Marc A Johnson, David H Baldwin, Nathaniel L Scholz","doi":"10.1242/jeb.247786","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.247786","url":null,"abstract":"Pacific salmon are well known for their homing migrations; juvenile salmon learn odors associated with their natal streams prior to seaward migration, and then use these retained odor memories to guide them back from oceanic feeding grounds to their river of origin to spawn several years later. This memory formation, termed olfactory imprinting, involves (at least in part) sensitization of the peripheral olfactory epithelium to specific odorants. We hypothesized that this change in peripheral sensitivity is due to exposure-dependent increases in the expression of odorant receptor (OR) proteins that are activated by specific odorants experienced during imprinting. To test this hypothesis, we exposed juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, to the basic amino acid odorant l-arginine during the parr-smolt transformation (PST), when imprinting occurs, and assessed sensitivity of the olfactory epithelium to this and other odorants. We then identified the coho salmon ortholog of a basic amino acid odorant receptor (BAAR) and determined the mRNA expression levels of this receptor and other transcripts representing different classes of OR families. Exposure to l-arginine during the PST resulted in increased sensitivity to that odorant and a specific increase in BAAR mRNA expression in the olfactory epithelium relative to other ORs. These results suggest that specific increases in ORs activated during imprinting may be an important component of home stream memory formation and this phenomenon may ultimately be useful as a marker of successful imprinting to assess management strategies and hatchery practices that may influence straying in salmon.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finding food: how generalist predators use contact-chemosensory information to guide prey preferences. 寻找食物：通食性捕食者如何利用接触化学感觉信息来引导猎物的喜好。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247523

Richard K Zimmer, Graham A Ferrier, Cheryl A Zimmer

{"title":"Finding food: how generalist predators use contact-chemosensory information to guide prey preferences.","authors":"Richard K Zimmer, Graham A Ferrier, Cheryl A Zimmer","doi":"10.1242/jeb.247523","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.247523","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the processes that guide carnivores in finding and selecting prey is a fundamental, unresolved challenge in sensory biology. To our knowledge, no published work has yet revealed the complete structural identities of compounds that cue preferences by generalist predators for different prey species. With this research imperative in mind, we determined the chemistry driving consumer preferences for live intact prey using two generalist predatory species (sea stars, Pisaster ochraceus; whelks, Acanthinucella spirata), along with two foundation prey species (mussels, Mytilus californianus; barnacles, Balanus glandula), inhabiting rocky, wave-swept shores. Each prey species is known to secrete either a 29.6 kDa (named 'KEYSTONEin') or a 199.6 kDa (named 'MULTIFUNCin') glycoprotein as a contact-chemical cue. Here, experimental manipulations utilized faux prey consisting of cleaned barnacle or mussel shells infused with KEYSTONEin, MULTIFUNCin or seawater (control) gels. Whelks exhibited a strong penchant for MULTIFUNCin over KEYSTONEin, irrespective of shell type. In contrast, sea stars generally preferred KEYSTONEin over MULTIFUNCin, but this preference shifted depending on the experimental context in which they encountered physical (shell) and chemical (glycoprotein) stimuli. This study ultimately demonstrates clear and contrasting chemical preferences between sea stars and whelks. It highlights the importance of experimental setting in determining chemical preferences. Finally, it shows that prey preferences by these predators hinge only on one or two contact-protein cues, without the need for quality coding via fluid-borne compounds, low-molecular-weight substances or mixture blends.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proportional increment of oxygen consumption, heart rate and core body temperature in the digesting Python bivittatus. 消化蟒的耗氧量、心率和核心体温的比例增长。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.248021

Katja B Last, Hans Malte, Emil Rindom, Igor N Guagnoni, Tobias Wang

{"title":"Proportional increment of oxygen consumption, heart rate and core body temperature in the digesting Python bivittatus.","authors":"Katja B Last, Hans Malte, Emil Rindom, Igor N Guagnoni, Tobias Wang","doi":"10.1242/jeb.248021","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.248021","url":null,"abstract":"The Burmese python has a remarkable digestive physiology with large elevations of metabolic rate and heart rate following feeding. Here, we investigated the relationship between heart rate, oxygen consumption and core body temperature during digestion in five pythons (Python bivittatus) by implantation of data loggers. The snakes were placed in respirometers at 30±0.1°C for 26 days and voluntarily ingested three meals of different size, whilst heart rate, core body temperature and oxygen consumption rate were measured continuously. Both oxygen consumption and heart rate increased severalfold during digestion, and metabolic heat production increased core body temperature by 2°C, explaining 12% of the observed tachycardia. The rise in core body temperature means that standard metabolic rate increased during digestion, and we estimate that failure to account for core body temperature leads to a 4% overestimation of the specific dynamic action (SDA) response. Our study reveals a close correlation between oxygen consumption and heart rate during digestion, further supporting the use of heart rate as a proxy for metabolism.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0