{"title":"Effect of mounting a sound suppressor on distribution and total amount of inorganic gunshot residue on targets","authors":"Matteo Donghi PhD, Alessandro Girella PhD, Debora Pellegrino MSc, Federica Maraschi MSc, Antonella Profumo PhD, Chiara Milanese PhD, Daniele Merli PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sound suppressors critically modify barrel overall length and ballistic performances of hosting guns and are therefore expected to influence the patterns of the plumes of gunshot residues (GSR) reaching the targets. Despite the forensic interest, in recent years, a single paper was published on the variations induced by the use of a suppressor in the spatial distribution of visible soot clouds on close targets and in the number of a few selected classes of GSR particles detected by scanning electron microscopy. A different approach, based on x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission (ICP-OES) spectroscopies, that points to most of the metallic elements ejected from the barrel, is suggested here. The confirmed effect of a sound suppressor up to a distance of 20 cm is to gather the cone of particles reaching the target. Despite this pattern modification, the global concentrations of the ammunition-related elements of interest (Pb, Ba, Sb, Cu) on targets cannot be considered significant (i.e., with 95% confidence) reduced by the use of a suppressor, due to the high intra-specimen and inter-specimen ICP-OES data dispersions. Differently, the hypothesis of a role of homemade suppressors in enriching GSR populations in Fe is supported by our results. The presence of iron is indeed the only indication of the actual use of a suppressor, a piece of information that is useful for the correct interpretation of the lead patterns visualized on targets for muzzle-to-target determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"1165-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1556-4029.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lúcio Paulo Lima Logrado PhD, Bruna Miguel Ferreira da Silva Bsc, Breno Amaro da Silveira Neto PhD
{"title":"Assessment of handheld Raman spectroscopy for forensic analysis of dark-colored bulk explosive fuel–oxidizer mixtures","authors":"Lúcio Paulo Lima Logrado PhD, Bruna Miguel Ferreira da Silva Bsc, Breno Amaro da Silveira Neto PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The field identification of explosives is critical for crime response, requiring specialized protocols and often the support of Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) teams to ensure safety. Handheld Raman spectrometers are widely used for this purpose due to their portability, nondestructive analysis, and ability to detect both organic and inorganic compounds with minimal sample preparation. However, their effectiveness is limited for dark-colored explosives—such as black powder, flash powder, and sulfur-chlorate explosives—commonly encountered in criminal activities. These mixtures pose unique challenges, including poor spectral quality caused by light absorption and the risk of ignition during direct analysis. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a simple and effective methodology for the safe identification of oxidizing salts in dark-colored fuel–oxidizer mixtures using handheld Raman spectrometers. The approach involves aqueous extraction followed by Raman analysis of the extract, improving safety and yielding reliable results by circumventing the limitations of direct solid analysis. Results confirmed that direct analysis of these mixtures is unsafe and ineffective, with three mixtures igniting during testing and others providing insufficient spectral data. In contrast, the aqueous extraction method enabled the successful identification of oxidizing salts in all tested samples using basic materials commonly found in crime scene kits. This technique supports field investigations, such as the seizure of suspected explosive materials, helping in decision-making during on-site investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 4","pages":"1509-1520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siva Sai Kumar Pulagura MD, Sathish Ayyappan MD, Vikas P. Meshram MD, Raghvendra Singh Shekhawat MD, Tanuj Kanchan MD
{"title":"Negative histopathology of Lichtenberg figures in lightning deaths supports physiologic phenomena as the cause","authors":"Siva Sai Kumar Pulagura MD, Sathish Ayyappan MD, Vikas P. Meshram MD, Raghvendra Singh Shekhawat MD, Tanuj Kanchan MD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lichtenberg figures are an uncommon consequence of lightning strikes, characterized by unique, branching patterns that resemble tree-like structures on the skin. There are several theories on the possible mechanism by which these Lichtenberg figures are produced on the body, supported mainly by the skin's conductivity and the path of the electrical discharge. There is not much literature on the potential histopathological findings of these burn marks. We are reporting a case of a teenage male found unresponsive in an open field during a rainy day. On autopsy examination, Lichtenberg figures were seen over the body with no significant internal findings apart from petechial hemorrhages in the heart. The histopathological examination of the Lichtenberg figures did not show any significant findings. The absence of histological findings in the Lichtenberg figures in our case supports the contention that these markings derive from physiologic changes and are not burns.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"1198-1201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on adversarial identification methods for AI-generated image software Craiyon V3","authors":"Weizheng Jin MSc, Hao Luo PhD, Yunqi Tang PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the rapid development of diffusion models, AI generation technology can now generate very realistic images. If such AI-generated images are used as evidence, they may threaten judicial fairness. Taking the adversarial identification of images generated by Craiyon V3 software as an example, this paper studies the adversarial identification methods for AI-generated image software. First, an AI-generated image set containing 18,000 images is constructed using Craiyon V3; then, an AI-generated image detection model based on deep learning is selected, and a score-based likelihood ratio method is introduced to evaluate the strength of evidence. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an accuracy of over 99% on multiple threshold classifiers including Swin-Transformer, ResNet-18, and so on, and the fitted likelihood ratio model also passes a series of validation criteria including Tippett plots. The research results of this paper are expected to be applied to judicial practice in the future, providing judges with a reliable and powerful decision-making basis, and laying a foundation for further exploration of AI-generated image identification methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"1044-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgan J. Ferrell, John J. Schultz, Donovan M. Adams PhD
{"title":"Decision trees for estimating osteological sex from the skull using an expanded suite of morphological traits","authors":"Morgan J. Ferrell, John J. Schultz, Donovan M. Adams PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Osteological sex estimation utilizing morphological traits of the skull primarily focuses on a set of five traits. Developing new models with an expanded suite of traits has the potential to increase sex classification accuracies and improve the classification of partial and fragmentary remains. Thus, this study seeks to improve classification accuracies for osteological sex estimation from the skull by assessing an expanded suite of traits and generating multiple decision tree classification models. Twenty-one traits were evaluated for a sample of 403 adult males and females. Krippendorff's alpha was used to assess intraobserver error, and aligned rank transformation was used to examine the effects of sex, age, population, and secular change on the traits. Prior to generating the decision trees, the data were randomly split into 80% model training samples and 20% holdout validation testing samples to test the predictive accuracy of each tree. The trees were generated for traits from the skull, cranium, and mandible. Separate trees were also generated for African Americans and European Americans, as well as for the pooled population sample. Overall, the recommended decision trees for the skull and cranium achieved higher accuracies (91.0%–100%) than models generated for the mandible (75.8%–85.0%). Additionally, the recommended pooled population (81.3%–97.3%) decision trees achieved similar accuracies compared with the African American (75.8%–94.0%) and European American (85.0%–100%) trees. Further, the trees generated in this study achieved improved classification accuracies for the skull compared with the current five-trait method by incorporating an expanded suite of traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"835-853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kirsten A. Verostick PhD, Alejandro Serna PhD, Chris Stantis PhD, Gabriel J. Bowen PhD
{"title":"Human tissue oxygen and strontium isotope values in North America: A data compilation and assessment for forensic geolocation","authors":"Kirsten A. Verostick PhD, Alejandro Serna PhD, Chris Stantis PhD, Gabriel J. Bowen PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of isotopic analysis for human mobility, geolocation, and forensic identification has become common over the past two decades, yet its effectiveness depends on the availability of well-documented reference data. Many reference data exist in the literature, but the suitability of these data for forensic applications has not been critically assessed. Here, we compile oxygen and strontium isotope data for North American human tissues (hair, nails, bone, and tooth enamel). We review the geographic distribution of these data, evaluate their relationship with the predicted geographic variation, and assess potential sources of bias that may limit the comparability of different datasets in the compilation. A substantial number of data are available for some of these substrates and isotope systems, but in most cases, their geographic distribution is patchy with many areas under sampled. Except for hair Sr isotopes, a robust relationship occurs between human tissue values and modeled local environmental values, suggesting theoretically expected relationships between human tissues and local sources of O and Sr are expressed. These relationships are noisy; we identify several methodological differences that produce systematic biases across the compiled data. Based on these findings, we suggest interpreting forensic isotope data using currently published reference data is problematic. We propose the adoption of consistent metadata reporting and standardized laboratory protocols to enhance the utility of data gathered in future research as these practices could lead to measurable improvements in the strength of forensic interpretations derived from human tissue isotope data.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"905-920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1556-4029.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgan J. Ferrell PhD, John J. Schultz PhD, Donovan M. Adams PhD
{"title":"The application of decision trees for estimating osteological sex from common measurements of the skull","authors":"Morgan J. Ferrell PhD, John J. Schultz PhD, Donovan M. Adams PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Skull measurements are commonly evaluated for osteological sex estimation in forensic anthropology, and decision tree-based classification models for the skull may improve accuracy compared to current metric methods. Additionally, decision trees can provide accurate sex classification with a limited number of measurements, which is valuable when analyzing fragmentary remains. Thus, the present study seeks to test the utility of decision trees for generating sex classification models from metric variables of the skull. Twenty-one skull measurements were evaluated for 403 adult males and females. Relative technical error of measurement was used to assess intraobserver error, and two-way ANOVAs and aligned rank transformation were used to examine the effects of sex, population, age, and temporal period on the measurements. The data set was split into 80% training and 20% holdout testing samples to assess the predictive accuracy of each tree. Trees were generated for the skull and cranium, with models for European Americans, African Americans, and the pooled population sample. Overall, the recommended trees for the cranium achieved higher accuracies (85.3–95.0%) compared to the skull trees (84.0–92.5%). Accuracies for the population-inclusive trees ranged from 84.0% to 85.3%, whereas the European American (92.5–95.0%) and African American (90.9%) trees achieved slightly higher accuracies. Improved accuracies were achieved compared to previous decision tree research as well as compared to current metric methods for the skull. These trees provide an additional option for estimating osteological sex, particularly when morphological methods do not yield adequate classification accuracies or cannot be assessed due to damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"854-867"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Massive intramuscular hemorrhage of the tongue caused by hanging","authors":"Shojiro Takasu PhD, Sari Matsumoto PhD, Yuko Kanto PhD, Kyoko Iwadate MD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intramuscular hemorrhage of the tongue is frequently observed when the neck is compressed. Airway obstruction caused by massive hemorrhagic tongue edema has been reported. Herein, we report an autopsy case of massive intramuscular hemorrhage of the tongue caused by suicide via hanging. A 90-year-old woman was found dead in her living room in the right lateral position with a fabric band around her neck. Unenhanced computed tomography revealed massive intramuscular hemorrhage of the tongue. A ligature mark was observed around the neck. An autopsy revealed prominent swelling of the tongue caused by massive intramuscular hemorrhage. Bilateral ossification of the stylohyoid ligament was observed, and both lungs showed distension. We suspected that the woman fell after attempting suicide via hanging. In this case, the possibility that the lung distension was caused by the swollen tongue could not be ruled out. The direct pressure on the base of the tongue caused by the hyoid bone and the combination of pressure on the base of the tongue and jugular vein caused by ossification of the stylohyoid ligament likely caused the massive intramuscular hemorrhage of the tongue. This mechanism should be considered in survivors of hanging attempts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"1193-1197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
İnci Sağlam MD, Rukiye Aslan PhD, Serap Annette Akgür MD, PhD, Yusuf Kurtulmuş MD
{"title":"Abuse of gabapentinoids in individuals with substance use disorders","authors":"İnci Sağlam MD, Rukiye Aslan PhD, Serap Annette Akgür MD, PhD, Yusuf Kurtulmuş MD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The abuse of gabapentinoids has increased rapidly, and death cases have been reported with increasing rates. This study examines the toxicological analysis data of substance abuse cases conducted after legal regulations were implemented in Türkiye. The focus will be on the medicolegal implications of gabapentinoid positivity in these cases. Urine samples collected between July 2021 and July 2022 from individuals (ages 18–45) presenting at Manisa Mental Health and Diseases Hospital with diagnosed or suspected substance use disorders were analyzed for the presence of pregabalin, gabapentin, and other accompanying substances. High-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Orbitrap) was employed for analysis. The analysis reports and sociodemographic data of 10,300 cases were retrieved from the patient record system and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0. Gabapentinoid positivity was detected in 21.6% (<i>n</i> = 2224) of these cases (pregabalin (PGB) 18.9% (<i>n</i> = 1943) and gabapentin (GBP) 5.3% (<i>n</i> = 546)). Of the positive cases, 93.9% (<i>n</i> = 2089) were male, with an average age of 28 ± 6.7. Forensic cases (probation and judicial) represented the majority of admitted and positive cases 2.6% (<i>n</i> = 265) of cases tested positive for both pregabalin and gabapentin. While an overall increase in pregabalin and gabapentin positivity rates was observed over time, a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) was noted between years. Seven substances were detected with gabapentinoids. Methamphetamine was the most common accompanying substance, representing nearly half of the detected substances (46.8%, <i>n</i> = 1040), followed by THC-COOH (26.8%, <i>n</i> = 595). Despite legal regulations, the use of gabapentinoids is increasing rapidly. The study highlights the urgent need to include gabapentinoids in routine screening tests, enforce stricter prescribing guidelines, and actively prevent their illegal use.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"1125-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1556-4029.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Nana Osei Bonsu PhD, Natasha Mitchell BSc, Claire Jeanes BSc (Hons), Julianne Henry PhD
{"title":"Investigation of a Y-chromosome screening approach for sexual assault evidence using the QIAGEN Investigator Casework GO! kit","authors":"Dan Nana Osei Bonsu PhD, Natasha Mitchell BSc, Claire Jeanes BSc (Hons), Julianne Henry PhD","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Following an alleged sexual assault, a victim may undergo a medical examination whereby internal or external bodily swabs may be collected and submitted to a forensic laboratory to be screened for the presence of semen. At Forensic Science SA (FSSA), this involves microscopic examination of a smear prepared from each swab for the presence of sperm. Microscopic detection of sperm is confirmatory for semen, but the process is very time-consuming, especially where very low levels are present. Moreover, microscopy results are not a reliable predictor of the amount of male DNA that might be recovered. SWGDAM recommends a direct-to-DNA approach as an efficient alternative. Therefore, we investigated the Qiagen Casework GO! kit (CWG), in conjunction with the Y-chromosome marker in the Quantifiler Trio DNA quantification kit, for the rapid screening of sexual assault swabs for the presence of male DNA (termed ‘Y-screen’). We initially investigated two swab types, the Copan cotton swab (currently used in Forensic Examination Collection Kits (FECK) submitted to FSSA) and the Sarstedt Forensic XL swab (a Forensic DNA grade alternative). The optimal size of the swab cutting and the volume of CWG lysis mix for the Y-screen was determined to be 1/8 and 100 μL, respectively, which ensured cost minimization and sample preservation. The performance of the optimized Y-screen method was compared with conventional microscopy using a series of simulated sexual assault swabs constructed by spiking female buccal swabs with serial dilutions of semen. For Copan cotton swabs, all samples with detectable sperm by microscopy had detectable levels of male DNA using the Y-screen. The Y-screen also showed greater sensitivity than microscopy for this swab type, detecting male DNA in 8% of samples where sperm was not observed. In contrast, 36% of Forensic XL swabs gave undetectable male DNA when sperm was observed by microscopy, which indicated that the Y-screen approach with CWG may not be compatible with all swab types. A casework trial of the Y-screen approach using 46 FECK swabs (Copan cotton swabs) submitted across 29 cases confirmed the higher sensitivity of the Y-screen approach as compared to conventional microscopy. Here, 44% of FECK swabs that had no observable sperm by microscopy had detectable male DNA using the Y-screen. There were no instances where the FECK swabs with observable sperm by microscopy had undetectable male DNA using the Y-screen. Our study confirmed the utility of the Y-screen approach using CWG to expedite the downstream DNA analysis of FECK swab samples in operational casework.</p>","PeriodicalId":15743,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":"70 3","pages":"1133-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1556-4029.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}