Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena最新文献

{"title":"Electronic structure and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering in the mixed 3d-5d transition-metal oxides Sr3CuIrO6, Sr3CuPtO6, and Sr3ZnIrO6","authors":"V.N. Antonov , D.A. Kukusta , L.V. Bekenov","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We have investigated the electronic and magnetic properties of one-dimensional Sr</span><span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>CuIrO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, Sr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>ZnIrO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and Sr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>CuPtO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span><span> oxides within the density-functional theory (DFT) using the generalized gradient approximation while taking into account strong Coulomb correlations (GGA+</span><span><math><mi>U</mi></math></span>) in the framework of the fully relativistic spin-polarized Dirac linear muffin-tin orbital band-structure method. The strong spin–orbit coupling (SOC) in these oxides splits the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>g</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>-type manifold into a lower <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 3/2 quartet and an upper <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 1/2 doublet. The <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 1/2 band is almost completely given by linear combinations of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> states. The occupied <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 3/2 band is dominated by <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> states with some weight of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> states. We have investigated theoretically the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra at the Ir and Pt <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> edges in Sr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>CuIrO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, Sr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>ZnIrO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and Sr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>CuPtO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. The experimentally measured RIXS spectrum of Sr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>CuIrO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> possesses a sharp feature below 1.3 eV corresponding to transitions within the Ir <span><math>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 147416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138687141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of electronic dimensionality reduction in semiconductor quantum well structures","authors":"Takahito Takeda ,&nbsp;Kengo Takase ,&nbsp;Vladimir N. Strocov ,&nbsp;Masaaki Tanaka ,&nbsp;Masaki Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Two-dimensional (2D) systems, such as high-temperature superconductors<span>, surface states of topological insulators, and layered materials, have been intensively studied using vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) angle-resolved </span></span>photoemission<span> spectroscopy (ARPES). In semiconductor films<span><span> (heterostructures), quantum well (QW) states arise due to electron/hole accumulations at the surface (interface). The quantized states due to quantum confinement can be observed by VUV-ARPES, while the periodic </span>intensity modulations along the surface normal (</span></span></span><em>k</em>_<em>z</em>) direction of these quantized states are also observable by varying incident photon energy, resembling three-dimensional (3D) band dispersion. We have conducted soft X-ray (SX) ARPES measurements on thick and ultrathin III-V semiconductor InSb(001) films to investigate the electronic dimensionality reduction in semiconductor QWs. In addition to the dissipation of the <em>k</em>_<em>z</em><span><span> dispersion, the SX-ARPES observations demonstrate the changes of the symmetry and periodicity of the Brillouin zone in the </span>ultrathin film as 2D QW compared with these of the 3D bulk one, indicating the electronic dimensionality reduction of the 3D bulk band dispersion caused by the quantum confinement. The results provide a critical diagnosis using SX-ARPES for the dimensionality reduction in semiconductor QW structures.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 147406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138490206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-MM Auger electron emission from chlorinated organic molecules under proton impact: Angular distribution and total cross section measurement","authors":"Rohit Tyagi ,&nbsp;Abhijeet Bhogale ,&nbsp;Sandeep Bari ,&nbsp;L.C. Tribedi ,&nbsp;A.H. Kelkar","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We have measured the absolute cross section for L-MM Auger electron emission<span> in chlorinated methanes and benzene chloride molecules in collision with keV energy protons. The measurements have been performed with four different chlorine containing organic molecules viz CCl</span></span><span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, CHCl<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Cl<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and C<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Cl. We have measured the angular distribution of chlorine L-MM Auger electrons at backward emission angles (90° – 150°). The angular distribution shows an isotropic character. We also studied the projectile energy dependence of the total L-MM Auger yield for proton energy ranging from 125 keV to 275 keV. Carbon K-LL Auger yield was also obtained in the same experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 147407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional characterization of two rare LDLR stop gain variants (p.C231* and p.R744*) in Saudi familial hypercholesterolemia patients.","authors":"Zuhier Awan, Alhanuf Batran, Faisal A Al-Allaf, Raneem S Alharbi, Gehan A Hegazy, Bassam Jamalalail, Majid Almansouri, Abdulhadi I Bima, Haifa Almukadi, Hussam I Kutbi, Ahmed E Altayar, Babajan Banaganapalli, Noor A Shaik","doi":"10.23736/S0031-0808.22.04612-2","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0031-0808.22.04612-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a globally underdiagnosed inherited metabolic disorder. Owing to limited published data from Arab world, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying the genetic and molecular basis of FH in highly consanguineous Saudi population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed clinical screening, biochemical profiling, whole exome sequencing and variant segregation analysis of two Saudi FH families. Additionally, 500 normolipic individuals were screened to ensure the absence of FH variant in general Saudi population. Functional characterization of FH variants on secondary structure characteristics of RNA and protein molecules was performed using different bioinformatics modelling approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WES analysis identified two independent rare LDLR gene stop gain variants (p.C231* and p.R744*) consistent to the clinical presentation of FH patients from two different families. RNAfold analysis has shown that both variants were predicted to disturb the free energy dynamics of LDLR mRNA molecule and destabilize its folding pattern and function. PSIPRED based structural modelling analysis has suggested that both variants bring drastic changes disturbing the secondary structural elements of LDLR molecule. The p.C231* and p.R744* variants are responsible for partial or no protein product, thus they are class 1 variants causing loss of function (LoF) LDLR variants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the effectiveness of the WES, sanger sequencing, and computational analysis in expanding FH variant spectrum in culturally distinct populations like Saudi Arabia. Genetic testing of FH patients is very essential in better clinical diagnosis, screening, treatment, and management and prevention of cardiovascular disease burden in the society.</p>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"161 1","pages":"479-490"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75975972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionization of CH4 under fast He-like Si-ion impact","authors":"Debasmita Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Sanjeev Maurya ,&nbsp;Laszlo Gulyás ,&nbsp;Abhijit Bhogale ,&nbsp;Chandan Bagdia ,&nbsp;Nilesh Mhatre ,&nbsp;Debashis Biswas ,&nbsp;Lokesh C. Tribedi","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have studied the absolute double differential cross section (DDCS) of electrons ejected from the methane molecule (CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) under the impact of highly charged fast projectile ions. The energy and angular distributions of electrons have been measured in interactions with 70 MeV Si<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span><span> ions. These DDCS data together with the derived single differential cross sections and the total cross section (TCS) have been compared with predictions of the continuum distorted wave-eikonal initial state model using different approaches for the molecular orbitals<span>. It has been found that the theories overestimate the measured DDCS values at low ejection energies, which may indicate shortcomings of the model in the case of strong perturbation. At the same time, applying the model to a previous measurement using fast C ions having a lower perturbation strength, excellent agreements have been obtained with the experimental data. Considering the scaling properties, the available TCS data have been plotted with a scaled parameter, namely the perturbation strength, q/v (where q= charge state, v=velocity of the projectile). The KLL Auger e-emission as well as the KLL hyper-satellite peaks are analyzed for different emission angles. The double K-vacancy production shows a considerable enhancement i.e. 37% of the single production cross section which is consistent with some of the recent experiments on K-ionization using x-ray techniques.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 147405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138230227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core hole electron screening in InSb","authors":"A. Alsawi ,&nbsp;C.R.J. Sait ,&nbsp;D. Hesp ,&nbsp;P. Unsworth ,&nbsp;M.J. Ashwin ,&nbsp;V.R. Dhanak ,&nbsp;T.D. Veal ,&nbsp;P. Weightman","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The application of a potential model to the analysis of differences between the Auger parameters of InSb and the elemental materials yields a value <span><math><mrow><mn>1.82</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.07</mn><mi>Å</mi></mrow></math></span> for the core hole screening distance in InSb. It also yields a value of 0.22 ± 0.49 e for the charge transfer in InSb. Shifts in the Auger parameters of elements between their metallic states and in a compound semiconductor are interpreted using a novel method based on quantifying atomic core potential, as a quantum mechanical observable, in terms of its dependence on the valence charge and the number of atomic core holes. The core hole screening distance is <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> larger than half the interatomic distance between the nearest neighbors and, by the equivalent cores model, is expected to be the screening radius of Sn and Te impurities in InSb.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 147402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0368204823001196/pdfft?md5=c19093087514c482a0ac37a11e9846c0&pid=1-s2.0-S0368204823001196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92013246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of L-shell spectator vacancies on the competition of filling the K, L1 and L23 vacancies and the natural widths of K-shell hole states of argon ions","authors":"Xiangli Wang ,&nbsp;Lan Yang ,&nbsp;Baixing Liu ,&nbsp;Guoheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Li ,&nbsp;Cairang LiMao","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The radiative and Auger decay of K-shell hole states of argon ions with configuration 1s2s</span>^m2pⁿ3 s²3p⁶ (m=0–2; n = 0–6) are studied theoretically using the flexible atomic code. The effect of <span>L</span>-shell spectator vacancies on the competition of filling the K, L₁, and L₂₃ vacancies is discussed for the first time. We find the K or L₁ vacancy is preferred to be filled first when there is 0 or 1 vacancy in the L₂₃ shell, but the L₂₃ vacancy becomes the priority when the number of the L₂₃ vacancies is larger than 2, and the total branching ratio of the L₂₃ vacancy is as high as 66.98%, 74.66%, and 80.95% when the L₂₃ shell has 4 vacancies and there are 2, 1 and 0 vacancies in the L₁ shell, respectively. In addition, the natural widths of the K, L₁, and L₂₃ vacancies with different <span>L</span>-shell vacancy distributions are also calculated. The results show that they all first increase and then decrease with the number of L₂₃<span> vacancies. It is expected that the present study will be useful for the qualitative analysis of the decay processes of multiple hole states, the understanding of ion yields and the production of satellites in x-ray and Auger spectra.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 147395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49901089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of a static electric field on magnetic materials monitored by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism","authors":"H. Ebert ,&nbsp;S. Mankovsky ,&nbsp;A. Marmodoro ,&nbsp;E. Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The magnetic circular X-ray dichroism (XMCD) in X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is extensively used to monitor the response of a magnetic system to an external perturbation. Application of a static<span><span> external electric field to control its magnetic properties may just lead to a charge rearrangement or to a steady </span>electric current<span> dependent on the geometry. As it is demonstrated, the first situation can be handled with minor modifications of the standard well established schemes to calculate XAS and XMCD spectra. For the second case, however, more advanced schemes have to be used that account for the steady-state out-of-equilibrium situation. It is shown, that this can indeed be achieved by making use of the Keldysh non-equilibrium Green function formalism that allows in particular to express the X-ray absorption coefficient in terms of the corresponding greater Green function </span></span></span><span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&gt;</mo></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>E</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. As an alternative approach, a bi-linear response formalism is presented that can be used to calculate the modification of the XMCD spectra due to the electric field directly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 147386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49901088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quantitative evaluation of the 2nd derivative mode in electron energy loss spectroscopy","authors":"J.G. Tobin","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The second derivative mode of peak analysis in electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a Transmission </span>Electron Microscope (TEM) has been quantitatively evaluated in terms of the accuracy of the method. This includes a demonstration of the importance of the second derivative peak width, the second order dependency of the accuracy upon that peak width and effect of high frequency noise in the spectra. It is shown that while the second derivative method is an efficacious and powerful mode of analysis, there are limitations in terms of the number of significant digits in both the spectral values and derived electronic quantities. The case of uranium N</span>_4,5 spectral peaks and the 5f population is presented as an example, with UO₂<span> X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy used as a benchmark.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 147387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47068322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXAFS study of the local environment of lead and iron sorbed onto volcanic ash","authors":"Bridinette Thiodjio Sendja ,&nbsp;Duclair Tchana Kamgne ,&nbsp;Rene Loredo Portales ,&nbsp;Giuliana Aquilanti","doi":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This work focuses on the EXAFS<span> investigation of the local environment of lead and iron sorbed onto volcanic ash materials previously studied using XANES<span> technique. Different compounds found in the composition of volcanic ash were used as the models in the EXAFS fitting procedure of the experimental EXAFS spectra collected at the Fe K edge and Pb L3 edge in the Fe- and Pb-sorbed volcanic ash samples. The results showed two types of interactions involving in the adsorption process of both samples. The first is related to iron or lead absorber with oxygen atoms in the first coordination shell. The second interaction occurred between the absorbers (Fe or Pb) and the backscatters (Fe or Pb) in the second shell. The local environment of the iron-sorbed element may have a cubic geometry with different crystallographic sites related to oxygen and iron atoms. On the other hand, the lead-sorbed element may be in orthorhombic geometry with different sites related to oxygen atoms and lead atoms. The adsorption mechanisms involved in the process of iron and lead </span></span></span>sorption<span> are ion exchange with probable chemisorption for iron and microprecipitation for lead.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 147379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49327745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}