Tatiana R de O Stremel, Cleber Pinto da Silva, Cinthia E Domingues, Carmem Lucia Voigt, Carlos Raphael Pedroso, Carlos Magno de Sousa Vidal, Sandro X Campos
{"title":"Assessment of organochlorine pesticide contamination in <i>Astyanax altiparanae</i> from the Alagados Dam, Southern Brazil.","authors":"Tatiana R de O Stremel, Cleber Pinto da Silva, Cinthia E Domingues, Carmem Lucia Voigt, Carlos Raphael Pedroso, Carlos Magno de Sousa Vidal, Sandro X Campos","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2422219","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2422219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent pollutants previously used in agriculture, known for their ability to bioaccumulate and pose health risks. This study analyzed samples of roe, viscera, and muscle from <i>Astyanax altiparanae</i> fish collected from the Alagados reservoir in Paraná, Brazil. Samples were prepared through extraction and purification, then analyzed using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC/ECD), chosen for its sensitivity in detecting OCPs. The method was validated for precision, accuracy, and detection limits. Detected OCPs included Aldrin (17.1 to 50.6 ng/g in roe), α-endosulfan (3.4 to 23.5 ng/g), p, p'-DDE (4.2 to 134.7 ng/g), Dieldrin (84.7 to 183.1 ng/g), β-endosulfan (6.0 to 51.6 ng/g), and p, p'-DDT (56.6 to 286.8 ng/g). In viscera, concentrations ranged from Aldrin (19.8 to 93.3 ng/g) to p, p'-DDT (52.3 to 89.2 ng/g). Muscle samples showed similar trends. Principal component analysis indicated a link between higher OCP concentrations and increased abdominal width of the fish. While OCP levels were below FAO and WHO limits, risk quotient calculations suggest potential health risks from consuming these fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"725-736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioaugmentation: a strategy for enhanced degradation of pesticides in biobed.","authors":"Garima Sethi, Renu Saini, Tirthankar Banerjee, Neera Singh","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2406132","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2406132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biopurification system (BPS) or biobeds are low-cost system for decontamination of on-farm generated pesticide waste. A biobed contains a mixture of soil, lignocellulosic biomass and organic matter source (compost/peat) and works on the principal of retention of pesticide in high organic matter matrix and its subsequent degradation by microbes. Bioaugmentation, a green technology, is defined as the improvement of the degradative capacity of biobeds by augmenting specific microorganisms. During last 20 years, several studies have evaluated pesticide degradation in biobeds augmented with bacterial and fungal species and prominent microorganism include genus <i>Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Arthrobacter, Phanerochaete, Stereum, Delftia, Trametes, Streptomyces</i> etc. Degradation of pesticides belonging to major classes have been studied in the bioaugmented biobeds. Studies suggested that some pesticides were degraded faster in the bioaugmented biobeds subject to survival and proliferation of degrading microbe. However, no effect of bioaugmentation was observed on degradation of some pesticides and no clear reason for the same was evident. Bioaugmentation with pesticide degrading microorganisms/consortium in combination with rhizosphere-assisted biodegradation could be an optimal strategy for accelerating the degradation of pesticides in biobeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"654-662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heavy metal pollution in commonly consumed fish species: seasonal variations and health risks.","authors":"Saira Naz, Khalid Hussain Rind, Wajeeha Afzal, Javed Ahmed Ujan, Mohamed Mohany","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2406126","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2406126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Ni, and Mn) in the muscle tissue of six commonly consumed fish species (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>, <i>Labeo rohita, Wallagu attu, Hypophthalmicthys molitrix, Channa punctuate</i>, and <i>Puntius sophore</i>) from the River Indus in the Mianwali district Pakistan. Samples were collected during both pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons to assess the potential human health risks associated with these heavy metals. The levels of metals were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis. The results showed varying concentrations of heavy metals in the fish samples (mg/kg), ranging from 10.17-2.06 for Pb, 41.83-12.54 for Cu, 417.04-41.93 for Zn, 2.06-0.46 for Cr, 0.86-0.08 for Cd, 4.33-1.43 for Ni, and 50.16-8.74 for Mn. Notably, metal concentrations were generally higher during the pre-monsoon season, with Pb consistently exceeding standard limits in the muscle tissue of all fish species. ANOVA analysis revealed significant variations in heavy metal concentrations among different fish species. While the current consumption rate poses no significant health risks, ongoing monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in fish and their environmental sources is crucial to ensure consumer safety and sustainable aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"678-685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anderson Marcel Gibbert, Tiago Guimarães, Elisa Maria Gomes da Silva, Laryssa Barbosa Xavier da Silva, Franz Zirena Vilca, Kassio Ferreira Mendes
{"title":"Raw feedstock vs. biochar from olive stone: Impact on the sorption-desorption of diclosulam and tropical soil improvement.","authors":"Anderson Marcel Gibbert, Tiago Guimarães, Elisa Maria Gomes da Silva, Laryssa Barbosa Xavier da Silva, Franz Zirena Vilca, Kassio Ferreira Mendes","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2414360","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2414360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The addition of carbon-rich materials, such as raw feedstocks (RAW) and biochars, to agricultural soils is on the rise. This activity has many advantages, such as improving fertility, increasing water retention, and sequestering carbon. However, they can also increase the sorption of residual herbicides in the soil, reducing the effectiveness of weed control. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate soil improvement and the sorption-desorption process of diclosulam in soil unamended and amended with RAW from olive stone and their biochars produced in two pyrolysis temperatures (300 and 500 °C). Oxisol was used in this study, unamended and amended with RAW and biochars (BC300 and BC500) in a rate of 10% (w w<sup>-1</sup>). The sorption-desorption process was assessed by batch-equilibrium experiments and the analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The addition of the three materials to the soil increased the contents of pH, organic carbon, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, cation exchange capacity, base saturation and decreased H + Al. The unamended soil had <i>K<sub>f</sub></i> (Freundlich sorption coefficient) values of diclosulam sorption and desorption of 1.56 and 12.93 mg<sup>(1 - 1/n)</sup> L<sup>1/n</sup> Kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Unamended soil sorbed 30.60% and desorbed 13.40% of herbicide. Soil amended with RAW, BC300, and BC500 sorbed 31.92, 49.88, and 30.93% of diclosulam and desorbed 13.33, 11.67, and 11.16%, respectively. The addition of RAW and biochars from olive stone has the potential to change the soil fertility, but does not interfere with the bioavailability of diclosulam in weed control under field conditions, since the materials slightly influenced or did not alter the sorption-desorption of diclosulam.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"687-700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quach An Binh, Tran Van Khanh, Xuan Thanh Bui, Khanh Nguyen Di, Duy Toan Pham
{"title":"Adsorption characteristics of S-Metolachlor onto the sawdust biochar derived from <i>Acacia auriculiformis</i>.","authors":"Quach An Binh, Tran Van Khanh, Xuan Thanh Bui, Khanh Nguyen Di, Duy Toan Pham","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2322767","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2322767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adsorption mechanism of S-Metolachlor in an aqueous solution by sawdust biochar derived from <i>Acacia auriculiformis</i> (SAB) was studied. SAB was manufactured at 500 °C for 4 h under oxygen-limited conditions and characterized for SEM, EDS, pHpzc, BET, and FTIR. The adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and diffusion studies of S-Metolachlor and SAB were further explored. Moreover, the effects of the solution pH were examined on the adsorption of S-Metolachlor by SAB. The BET analysis of SAB was achieved at 106.74 m<sup>2</sup>.g<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>1</sup> and the solution pH did not significantly influence the S-Metolachlor adsorption. The adsorption data were fitted into a Langmuir isotherm and the PSO model. The film diffusion coefficient <b><i>D<sub>f</sub></i></b> (4.93 <b>×</b> 10<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>11</sup> to 8.17 <b>×</b> 10<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>11</sup> m<sup>2</sup>.s<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>1</sup>) and the particle diffusion coefficient <b><i>D<sub>p</sub></i></b> (1.68 <b>×</b> 10<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>11</sup> to 2.65 <b>×</b> 10<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>11</sup> m<sup>2</sup>.s<b><sup>-</sup></b><sup>1</sup>) were determined and the rate-limiting step of S-Metolachlor adsorption and SAB was governed by liquid film diffusion. The S-Metolachlor adsorption process onto SAB was controlled by multiple mechanisms, including pore filling, H-bonding, hydrophobic interaction, and π-π EDA interactions. H-bonding is the main interaction for the adsorption of S-Metolachlor and SAB. Conclusively, the study illustrates that biochar produced from <i>Acacia auriculiformis</i> sawdust possessed effective adsorption properties for S-Metolachlor herbicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"192-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140021928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernanda Gomes Leite, Carolina Ferreira Sampaio, Janaína Aparecida Cardoso Pires, Danielle Palma de Oliveira, Daniel Junqueira Dorta
{"title":"Toxicological impact of strobilurin fungicides on human and environmental health: a literature review.","authors":"Fernanda Gomes Leite, Carolina Ferreira Sampaio, Janaína Aparecida Cardoso Pires, Danielle Palma de Oliveira, Daniel Junqueira Dorta","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2312786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2312786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungicides are specifically used for controlling fungal infections. Strobilurins, a class of fungicides originating from the mushroom <i>Strobilurus tenacellus</i>, act on the fungal mitochondrial respiratory chain, interrupting the ATP cycle and causing oxidative stress. Although strobilurins are little soluble in water, they have been detected in water samples (such as rainwater and drinking water), indoor dust, and sediments, and they can bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Strobilurins are usually absorbed orally and are mainly eliminated <i>via</i> the bile/fecal route and urine, but information about their metabolites is lacking. Strobilurins have low mammalian toxicity; however, they exert severe toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are the main mechanisms related to the genotoxic damage elicited by toxic compounds, such as strobilurins. These mechanisms alter genes and cause other dysfunctions, including hormonal, cardiac, neurological, and immunological impairment. Despite limitations, we have been able to compile literature information about strobilurins. Many studies have dealt with their toxic effects, but further investigations are needed to clarify their cellular and underlying mechanisms, which will help to find ways to minimize the harmful effects of these compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"142-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139722881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrycja Marczewska, Joanna Rolnik, Monika Szalbot, Tomasz Stobiecki
{"title":"Development and validation of a simple and efficient method for the analysis of commercial formulations containing clopyralid, picloram and aminopyralid as active ingredients.","authors":"Patrycja Marczewska, Joanna Rolnik, Monika Szalbot, Tomasz Stobiecki","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2323425","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2323425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liquid chromatography plays a pivotal role in evaluating pesticide formulations as it enables the determination of multiple active substances in plant protection products. An adaptable separation technique has been developed, enabling the qualitative and quantitative analysis of clopyralid, picloram, and aminopyralid within pesticide formulations in line with SANCO/3030/99 rev. 5 guidelines. This article offers an insight into the validation procedure encompassing key aspects such as selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and recovery. It places emphasis on critical stages, including sample preparation, chromatographic separation, detection, quantification, and data analysis. The active ingredients are separated using chromatography with isocratic elution, utilizing a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of water, acetonitrile, and acetic acid in a specific ratio (83:15:2 v/v/v). This separation is carried out on a YMC-Pack ODS-AQ column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The method's validation parameters have produced satisfactory outcomes. The recovery rates for each individual compound were found to be in the range of 98.6% to 101.0%. Precision, as indicated by the relative standard deviation (%RSD), was lower than the values predicted by the modified Horwitz equation. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients assessing the linearity of the response exceeded 0.99.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"209-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140059569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernanda Lie Ikari, Cristina Viriato, Fernanda Menezes França, Adriana Sacioto Marcantonio, Erna Elizabeth Bach, Cintia Badaró-Pedroso, Cláudia Maris Ferreira
{"title":"Behavioral and biochemical consequences after chronic exposition to the herbicide atrazine in tadpoles.","authors":"Fernanda Lie Ikari, Cristina Viriato, Fernanda Menezes França, Adriana Sacioto Marcantonio, Erna Elizabeth Bach, Cintia Badaró-Pedroso, Cláudia Maris Ferreira","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2326401","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2326401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrazine (ATZ) is the third most sold herbicide in Brazil, occupying the seventh position between most widely used pesticides. Due to its easy outflow, low reactivity and solubility, moderate adsorption to organic matter and clay, and long soil persistence, residual herbicide can be identified after long periods following application, and its usage has been prohibited in diverse countries. Amphibians are important bioindicators to assess impact of pesticide like atrazine, due to having a partial aquatic life cycle. This study had as objective to assess the response of bullfrog (<i>Lithobates catesbeianus</i>) tadpoles when exposed to this herbicide. Animals were exposed for a total of 168h to following concentrations: negative control, 40 μg/L, 200 μg/L, 2000 μg/L, 20000 μg/L of ATZ. Analysis of swimming activity was performed, and biochemical profile was assessed by analysis of blood and plasma glucose levels, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), calcium, total proteins, phenol, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. Results exhibited malnutrition, anemia, likely muscle mass loss, and hepatic damage, indicating that ATZ can lead to an increase in energy to maintain homeostasis for animal survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140065275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trung Hieu Bui, Dang Manh Le, Duc Anh Dinh, Huong Pham Thi
{"title":"Enhanced photodegradation of oxytetracycline antibiotic in wastewater by implementing ZnO-loaded carbon fiber.","authors":"Trung Hieu Bui, Dang Manh Le, Duc Anh Dinh, Huong Pham Thi","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2317678","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2317678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The antibiotic oxytetracycline (OCA) exhibits high insolubility in the natural environment, posing a significant challenge for its removal. This study synthesized a porous structure and a high-surface-area carbon fiber, incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO/CFB) for the effective removal of OCA in wastewater. The material characterization revealed exceptional optical and photochemical properties of ZnO/CFB, featuring a reduced band gap energy of 2.7 eV. ZnO/CFB exhibited robust performance in the photodegradation of OCA in wastewater, achieving an impressive removal efficiency of 86.7%. Remarkably, the reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) reached an outstanding 97.5%. LC-MS analysis confirmed the complete oxidation of OCA and its intermediates, transforming them into inorganic substances within 60 min. This study introduces an efficient strategy for eliminating antibiotic pollutants from wastewater, highlighting the potential of ZnO/CFB as an effective and stable photocatalyst for environmental remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"160-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandro D Ortiz-Marín, Alfonso Talavera-López, Oscar J Solis-Marcial, Adriana Roé-Sosa, Leonidas Pérez-Estrada, Leonel E Amabilis-Sosa
{"title":"Reduction of organic matter containing benzimidazole and toxicity in real livestock wastewater through advanced oxidation processes.","authors":"Alejandro D Ortiz-Marín, Alfonso Talavera-López, Oscar J Solis-Marcial, Adriana Roé-Sosa, Leonidas Pérez-Estrada, Leonel E Amabilis-Sosa","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2388426","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2388426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Livestock wastewater (LWW) has a complex characteristic of high organic matter content, metals, nutrients, and pharmaceutical compounds. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) are a potential option for treating this wastewater. This study evaluated real LWW and the performance of UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and UV/peroxymonosulfate (UV/PMS) for its treatment. The experiments were conducted in a UV photoreactor (16 mW/m2, λ = 254 nm). The oxidant agents (Ox) tested were H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and PMS, each at low, medium, and high TOC/Ox molar ratios. A pretreatment based on chemical precipitation was implemented. Annually, the LWW showed total organic carbon (TOC) values of 859 ± 13.37 mg/L, 168.85 ± 1.62 mg/L of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and toxicity of 96% v/v. In the dry season, albendazole (ABZ) (95.3 ± 35.16 mg/L), Cu (4.3 ± 0.23 mg/L), Fe (3.8 ± 0.38 mg/L), and suspended solids (SS) (1015 ± 586.9 mg/L) were identified, so pretreatment was implemented. The UV/PMS process with the lowest molar ratio [TOC/Ox 1:0.75] removed significantly lower TOC concentrations (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but toxicity decreased entirely. The study of mineralization and toxicity provided insight into the changes in LWW during treatment with AOP. Furthermore, it contributed to establishing the technical basis for implementing efficient treatment processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"571-583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}