Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes最新文献

{"title":"Concentration and health risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in cosmetic and personal care products.","authors":"Sasipin Keawmanee, Pitchaya Piyaviriyakul, Narin Boontanon, Sonthinee Waiyarat, Suratsawadee Sukeesan, Jira Kongpran, Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2384234","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2384234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are toxicologically concerning because of their potential to bioaccumulate and their persistence in the environment and the human body. We determined PFAS levels in cosmetic and personal care products and assessed their health risks. We investigated the trends in concentrations and types of PFAS contaminants in cosmetic and personal care products before and after perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were added to the list of persistent organic pollutants. The total PFAS concentration ranged from 1.98 to 706.75 ng g^-1. The hazard quotients (HQs) for PFOA, PFOS and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) were lower than 1, indicating no appreciable risk to consumers. Assuming the simultaneous use of all product types and the worst-case scenario for calculations, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs) also had hazard indices lower than 1. We found that adverse effects are unlikely to occur when each type of cosmetic is used separately, or even when all product types are used together. Nevertheless, the persistence and bioaccumulation characteristics of additional PFAS present in cosmetics continue to be a cause for concern. Further research is necessary to investigate the long-term impacts of using such cosmetics and the associated risks to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"551-561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological soil risk assessment under the new soil exposure framework - an impact assessment.","authors":"Agnes Schimera, Sebastian Multsch, Olga I Guevara Montemayor, Philip Branford, Melanie Bottoms, Sian Ellis, Gregor Ernst, Stefania Loutseti, Michael T Marx, David Patterson, Amanda Sharples, Frank Staab, Bernhard Gottesbueren","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2319005","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2319005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the European risk assessment (RA) for soil organisms exposed to plant protection products (PPPs) endpoints from ecotoxicological laboratory studies are compared with predicted environmental concentrations in soil (PEC_SOIL) at first tier. A safety margin must be met; otherwise, a higher tier RA is triggered (usually soil organism field studies). A new tiered exposure modeling guidance was published by EFSA to determine PEC_SOIL. This work investigates its potential impact on future soil RA. PEC_SOIL values for >50 active substances and metabolites were calculated and compared with the respective endpoints for soil organisms to calculate the RA failure rate. Compared to the current (FOCUS) exposure modeling, PEC_SOIL values for all EU regulatory zones considerably increased, e.g., resulting in active substance RA failure rates of 67%, 58% and 36% for modeling Tier-1, Tier-2 and Tier-3A, respectively. The main driving factors for elevated PEC_SOIL were soil bulk density, crop interception and wash-off, next to obligatory modeling and scenario adjustment factors. Spatial PEC_SOIL scenario selection procedures result in agronomically atypical soil characteristics (e.g., soil bulk density values in Tier-3A scenarios far below typical European agricultural areas). Consequently, exposure modeling and ecotoxicological study characteristics are inconsistent, which hinders scientifically reasonable comparison of both in the RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"170-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of pesticide residues: a comprehensive analysis of seasonal trends and health implications.","authors":"Wajeeha Afzal, Syed Sikandar Habib, Javed Ahmed Ujan, Mohamed Mohany, Hakim Bibi","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2406131","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2406131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the presence of eight pesticide residues in the Indus River, Mianwali, Pakistan, focusing on three sampling sites (S1, S2, and S3) in water, sediment, and the fish species <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> during both dry and wet seasons. Analysis was conducted using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector. Results indicated elevated pesticide concentrations in both seasons, with levels of 0.84 and 0.62 μg/L in water, 12.47 and 9.21 μg/g/dw in sediment, and 17.33 and 12.17 μg/g/ww in fish, with higher concentrations observed during the dry season. Cypermethrin and carbofuran were the primary pesticides detected in water, while endosulfan and cypermethrin were dominant in sediment and fish tissue, often exceeding standard safety thresholds. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis revealed stronger correlations between sediment and fish muscle, with varying associations among pesticides across seasons. The Hazard Index (HI) surpassed 1 in both seasons, signaling potential health risks to humans. These findings underscore the substantial risk agricultural pesticides pose to the aquatic ecosystem and food chain, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable agricultural practices and stricter regulations to minimize pesticide use and encourage eco-friendly pest management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"642-653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an advanced analytical technique for detecting multiple pesticide residues in vegetables through liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS).","authors":"Sujan Majumder, Arvind Kumar, Sadhan Debnath, Abhinay, A N Singh, T K Behera","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2407713","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2407713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comprehensive LC-MS/MS method, which employs Positive Electrospray Ionization (PEI) and Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 35 pesticides belonging to various chemical classes in tomato, brinjal, chili, and okra samples. Extraction was facilitated using a modified QuEChERS method, which allows efficient sample analysis in a single run. Calibration curves for each pesticide exhibited linearity within the concentration range of 0.0025 to 0.1 µg mL^-1, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.993 to 0.999. Mean recoveries at five fortification levels (0.01 to 0.5 µg kg^-1) ranged from 80 to 90%, demonstrating satisfactory precision (RSD < 20%). The matrix effects, mitigated through an optimized cleanup process, were observed within the range of 6.42% to 19.52%. The developed method having the limit of quantification of 0.01 mg kg^-1 for all 35 pesticides, proved to be highly sensitive and rapid for multi-residue estimation in diverse vegetable samples. Subsequently, the method was used to analyze the market samples from Varanasi, India, which revealed the presence of pesticides like Chlorpyrifos, Chlorantraniliproleand Indoxacarb in tomato, brinjal, chili and okra. Therefore, the method could be considered as a robust tool for monitoring pesticide residues in vegetables, aiding in quality assessment and regulatory compliance in the agriculture sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"663-677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of antimicrobial activity and GC-MS using culture filtrate of local marine <i>Bacillus</i> strains.","authors":"Shimaa K Ali, Samar S El-Masry, Khaled El-Adl, Mohamed Abdel-Mawgoud, Mohammad K Okla, Hossam E F Abdel-Raheam, Abd El-Latif Hesham, Moustafa A Aboel-Ainin, Hussein S Mohamed","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2357465","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2357465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary metabolites produced by <i>Bacillus</i> species from marine sources encompass a variety of compounds such as lipopeptides, isocoumarins, polyketides, macrolactones, polypeptides and fatty acids. These bioactive substances exhibit various biological activities, including antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumor properties. This study aimed to isolate and identify a particular species of <i>Bacillus</i> from marine water and organisms that can produce bioactive secondary metabolites. Among the 73 <i>Bacillus</i> isolates collected, only 5 exhibited antagonistic activity against various viral and bacterial pathogens. The active isolates were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing to determine their taxonomical affiliation. Among them, <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> CCASU-2024-66 strain no. 42, with the accession number ON 054302 in GenBank, exhibited the highest inhibitory potential. It displayed an inhibition zone of 21 mm against <i>Bacillus cereus</i> while showing a minimum zone of inhibition of 9 mm against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and gave different inhibition against pathogenic fungi, the highest inhibition zone 15 mm against <i>Candida albicans</i> but the lowest inhibition zone 10 mm was against <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum.</i> Furthermore, it demonstrated the highest percentage of virucidal effect against the Newcastle virus and influenza virus, with rates of 98.6% and 98.1%, respectively. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis was employed to examine the bioactive substance components, specifically focusing on volatile and polysaccharide compounds. Based on these results, <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> strain 42 may have the potential to be employed as an antiviral agent in poultry cultures to combat Newcastle and influenza, two extremely destructive viruses, thus reducing economic losses in the poultry production sector. Bacteria can be harnessed for the purpose of preserving food and controlling pathogenic fungi in both human and plant environments. Molecular docking for the three highly active derivatives 2,3-Butanediol, 2TMS, D-Xylopyranose, 4TMS, and Glucofuranoside, methyl 2,3,5,6-tetrakis-O-(trimethylsilyl) was carried out against the active sites of <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, Newcastle virus and influenza virus. The data obtained from molecular docking is highly correlated with that obtained from biology. Moreover, these highly active compounds exhibited excellent proposed ADMET profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"399-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophoton emission-based approach of the effects of systemic insecticides on the survival of <i>Eurydema ventralis</i> Kolenati, 1846 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and on the photosynthetic activity of oilseed rape.","authors":"Bálint Gerbovits, Sándor Keszthelyi, Ildikó Jócsák","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2358632","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2358632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The choice of effective crop protection technologies is a key factors in the economical production of oilseed rape. Insecticides belonging to the group of active substances butenolides and diamides are active substances available as seed treatments in oilseed rape and promising control tools in the crop protection technologies. Our laboratory experiment demonstrated that the experimental insecticides flupyradifurone and cyantraniliprole are both effective against <i>Eurydema ventralis</i> (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) when used as a seed and in-crop treatments, but there is a fundamental difference in their insect mortality inducing effects. Flupyradifurone was found to have a total mortality 96 h after application based on basipetal translocation. In the case of cyantraniliprole, the insecticidal effect of the same treatment was 27% less. The experiment showed that the acropetal translocation of the tested active substances after seed treatment did not induce efficacy comparable to that of the basipetal translocation. The study of the biophoton emission of the plants demonstrated a verifiable correlation between the different application methods of the insecticides and the photon emission intensity per unit plant surface area. In conclusion, the systematic insecticides tested, in addition to having the expected insecticidal effect, interfere with plant life processes by enhancing photosynthetic activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, distribution and health risk assessment of quinolone residues in cultured fish in southeast China.","authors":"Rong Bao, Yan Yang, Hongjing Chen, Yuxiang Li","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2418719","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2418719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quinolone antibiotics are widely utilized in aquaculture, but little is known about the health effects of their residues. This study used UPLC-MS/MS to analyze the distribution of 11 quinolone antibiotics in cultured fish sold in a coastal city in southeast China - Fujian Province and to assess their health risks. The study found 35.77% of 260 cultured fish samples detected quinolones, with three exceeding the MRL and one containing the banned drug ofloxacin. Of the 11 quinolones tested, three were found in cultured fish, with enrofloxacin at up to 246.0 μg kg^-1, followed by ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. The distribution of antibiotic detection rates showed no significant differences across regions or time periods; however, notable variations were observed among different fish species. The dietary exposure assessment revealed that consuming cultured fish does not pose a health risk to residents. Nevertheless, there are still instances that exceed regulatory limits. Therefore, routine monitoring and risk assessment are essential for enhancing regulatory measures and protecting public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"714-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arsenic, lead and cadmium concentration in food and estimated daily intake in the Cuban population and the health risks using a Total Diet Study.","authors":"Luisbel González-Pérez de Medina, Ociel Muñoz-Fariña, Yenisleidys Fernández-Guerrero, Analese Roman-Benn, José M Bastias-Montes, Roberto Quevedo-León, María Cristina Ravanal","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2306108","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2306108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study estimates the intake of arsenic, lead and cadmium by the adult population (aged 18-91) of Cuba. The food consumption indices were obtained through 24-h dietary recall surveys applied to 450 people between October 2020 and March 2021. The Estimated Dietary Intake (EDI) of t-As (54.6 μg/day), Pb (118.5 μg/day) and Cd (35.1 μg/day) complied with Cuban legislation but was higher than the EDI for Cd established by the CONTAM Panel. The Target Hazard Quotients for the three contaminants were: iAs (0.220), Pb (0.409) and Cd (0.424), making the value of the Total Target Hazard Quotient 1.05, which indicates potential health risks for the population. Additionally, associated carcinogenic risks were: iAs (1.0·10^-4), Pb (7.2·10^-4) and Cd (25.9·10^-4). Therefore, 10, 72 and 259 persons per 100,000 inhabitants are likely prone to developing cancer due to the ingestion of iAs, Pb and Cd, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissipation and residues of imidacloprid in amaranth under greenhouse and open field cultivations.","authors":"Yidong Guan, Feifei Huang, Chunwei Ma, Jianlin Fan, Guohui Hao","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2356991","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2024.2356991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the extensive exposure to imidacloprid residues in food plants, there has been little research on imidacloprid residues in amaranth. The dissipation trend and residue behavior of imidacloprid were evaluated to provide guidelines for imidacloprid application on amaranth under open field and greenhouse. The dissipation rate of imidacloprid in amaranth conformed to the first-order kinetic equation, and the half-lives of imidacloprid in amaranth ranged from 0.29 days in open field to 1.29 days in the greenhouse. After 7 and 14 days from the application of imidacloprid (pesticide dosage, 45 or 67.5 g a.i./ha), the amaranth under the open field and greenhouse growth could be consumed safely with average residues of 0.19 and 0.38 mg/kg, respectively. This result demonstrated that the cultivation has the dominant influence on imidacloprid residue, and the residue of imidacloprid in amaranth planting on open field was much lower than that in the greenhouse, indicating a significant difference in the pesticide residues between the two cultivations with a p-value less than 0.05.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141093209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of CoWO₄/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme heterojunction for the efficient photodegradation of diazinon with the addition of H₂O₂.","authors":"Tran Minh Anh, Thanh-Dong Pham, Nguyen Minh Viet, Dao Thi Ngoc Anh, Nguyen Thi Dieu Cam, Nguyen Van Noi, Dao Ngoc Nhiem, Chu Ngoc Chau, Tran Thi Viet Ha, Nguyen Minh Phuong, Eldon R Rene, Tran Dinh Minh","doi":"10.1080/03601234.2023.2273773","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03601234.2023.2273773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pesticides are on the list of substances that are routinely monitored by agencies and organizations in various natural environments and habitats. Diazinon (DZN) is the active ingredient in more than 20 agricultural pesticides, it causes the most damage and has been prohibited in many countries around the world. The final product CoWO₄/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme heterojunction was successfully synthesized in this work, where CoWO₄ nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of g-C₃N₄. CoWO₄/g-C₃N₄ structure allowed for the efficient separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, with electrons at the CoWO₄ CB migrating to the g-C₃N₄ VB and preserving the electrons at the g-C₃N₄ CB and holes in the CoWO₄ VB. The photodegradation efficiency of DZN using CoWO₄/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme heterojunction was investigated, as compared with its precursors, such as CoWO₄, and g-C₃N₄. CoWO₄/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme heterojunction demonstrated the highest degradation capacity for DZN removal. Based on the results, the photocatalysis of the CoWO4/g-C3N4 Z-scheme heterojunction can be recycled for the effective removal of DZN by simple washing after three runs, proving the heterojunction's stability and suggesting CoWO4 as a promising material for the removal of DZN from contaminated water sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":15720,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107591363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}