{"title":"Effects of Endodontic Irrigants on Shear Bond Strength of Mild Universal Adhesives to Dentin","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The objective of this <em>in vitro</em> study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of several universal adhesives to dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and NaOCl followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Adhese Universal, Scotchbond Universal, Prime & Bond Elect, Prime & Bond Active, and Optibond XTR were included in the study. SBS values were determined in self-etch mode with no pretreatment of the dentin, after a 20-minute exposure of the dentin to 6% NaOCl, and after a 20-minute exposure to NaOCl followed by a one-minute exposure to 17% EDTA. Experimental groups were repeated using a total-etch technique (except Optibond XTR).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Adhesives in self-etch mode had significantly reduced SBS following dentin exposure to NaOCl (<em>P</em> < .05), while with a total-etch technique, only Prime & Bond Active was affected (<em>P</em> < .05). SBS in self-etch mode when NaOCl exposure was followed by EDTA were equal to or higher than negative control values (<em>P</em> < .05). For total-etch groups, Adhese Universal was negatively affected by NaOCl + EDTA exposure (<em>P</em> < .05). Prime & Bond Elect exhibited lower SBS following NaOCl + EDTA exposure when compared to just NaOCl exposure but was not different from the negative control (<em>P</em> < .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>For the adhesives tested, the use of 17% EDTA following NaOCl exposure negated the negative effects of NaOCl on SBS in self-etch mode. When used in total-etch mode, results varied significantly, with some adhesives performing better or worse depending on the specific testing condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of Silver Points","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Concerning Paraformaldehyde-containing Endodontic Filling Materials and Sealers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scope of Endodontics: Extraction of Teeth","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Preparation of Curved Mesial Canals of Mandibular Molars – An In Vitro Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Curved mesial roots can be challenging for different stages of endodontic treatment. Preparation aims to enlarge, clean, and shape the root canal system, and hundreds of systems are available to carry it out. Aiming to maintain pericervical dentin, minimally invasive preparation was proposed, and with it, instruments with lower tapers emerged. This study aimed to evaluate the increase in canal volume, the centering ability of the instruments, and root canal transportation of two different rotary systems with lower tapers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Eighteen curved mesial roots of extracted mandibular molars were scanned by micro-CT at 3 moments: initial and after the 2 stages of endodontic preparation. The canals were prepared using TruNatomy (TN) and ProDesign Logic 2 (PDL2) instruments up to sizes 25.04 and 26.04, respectively, and after 36.03 and 35.05, respectively. The data were analyzed using parametric and </span>nonparametric tests with a significance level of 5%.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>TN and PDL2 systems showed no difference regarding the increase in the volume of the canals with the first instruments, but after preparation with a diameter size of 35 or 36, there was a difference (<em>P</em> < .01) between the systems in the cervical and middle thirds.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Both systems shaped the mesial canals of mandibular molars while keeping low transportation and good centering ability in enlargements up to diameter size 35 or 36 with tapers of 3 or 5%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anita Aminoshariae DDS, MS, Amir Azarpazhooh DDS, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C), Ashraf F. Fouad DDS, MS, Gerald N. Glickman DDS, MS, MBA, JD, Jianing He DMD, PhD, Sahng G. Kim DDS, MS, Anil Kishen BDS, MDS, PhD, Ariadne M. Letra DDS, MS, PhD, Linda Levin DDS, PhD, Frank C. Setzer DMD, PhD, MS, Franklin R. Tay BDSc(Hons), PhD, Kenneth M. Hargreaves DDS, PhD
{"title":"Insights into the September 2024 Issue of the Journal of Endodontics","authors":"Anita Aminoshariae DDS, MS, Amir Azarpazhooh DDS, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C), Ashraf F. Fouad DDS, MS, Gerald N. Glickman DDS, MS, MBA, JD, Jianing He DMD, PhD, Sahng G. Kim DDS, MS, Anil Kishen BDS, MDS, PhD, Ariadne M. Letra DDS, MS, PhD, Linda Levin DDS, PhD, Frank C. Setzer DMD, PhD, MS, Franklin R. Tay BDSc(Hons), PhD, Kenneth M. Hargreaves DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenguang Niu, Jing Huang, Lifan Wei, Jia Wang, Shujun Ran
{"title":"Proinflammatory Effect of Membrane Vesicles Derived from Enterococcus faecalis at Neutral and Alkaline pH.","authors":"Chenguang Niu, Jing Huang, Lifan Wei, Jia Wang, Shujun Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study explored the proinflammatory impact of Enterococcus faecalis membrane vesicles (MVs) derived from culture medium at pH levels of 7.4 and 9.0.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>E. faecalis MVs were obtained by centrifugation and purified by size-exclusion chromatography. Proteomic analyses were performed on E. faecalis MVs to investigate their components. THP-1 macrophages were exposed to E. faecalis MVs, and the inflammatory cytokines and proteins were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. The inflammatory cytokines in the serum of mice with intraperitoneal injection of E. faecalis MVs were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunophenotyping of spleen cells was investigated with flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proteomic analysis revealed 196 proteins in E. faecalis MVs obtained under neutral and alkali conditions; 110 proteins were up-regulated, and 79 proteins were down-regulated by alkaline pH. E. faecalis MVs induced secretion of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in a concentration-dependent manner. Immunoblotting revealed that E. faecalis MVs increased expression of pro-IL-1β, nuclear factor kappa Bp65, and Toll-like receptor 2. In vivo studies demonstrated that E. faecalis MVs significantly promoted secretion of IL-1β in mouse serum, whereas inflammatory cells were activated in the spleen. E. faecalis MVs obtained at a pH of 9.0 showed stronger proinflammatory effects than those obtained under neutral pH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>E. faecalis produces MVs that carry specific proteins associated with virulence factors, and these MVs can promote inflammation in vitro and in vivo. E. faecalis MVs obtained under alkaline conditions have a stronger proinflammatory effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mahidol Study 2: Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Regenerative Endodontic Procedures in Immature Permanent Teeth.","authors":"Chayanun Theekakul, Danuchit Banomyong, Sittichoke Osiri, Nithinun Sutam, Lalida Ongchavalit, Jeeraphat Jantarat","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies on the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) in a large population and long-term recall period have been limited. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of REPs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immature permanent teeth treated with REPs with a minimum one-year follow-up period were included. Treatment outcomes (functional retention, healed rate, root development, and sensibility test response) and any prognostic factors were analyzed with multivariable Cox regression, linear regression, and modified Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-hundred-twenty REPs teeth with a mean 41.7-month recall period were included with a functional retention rate of 97.5%. The healed, healing, and diseased rates of REPs were 80%, 9.2%, and 10.8%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors for healed were age (<12 years old) and root development stage (stages 4 and 5). Changes in the apical diameter, root length, root width, and radiographic root area after REPs were 56.8%, 8.3%, 23.2%, and 21.7%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors for continued root development were age and etiology of pulpal disease (from caries or dental anomalies). The sensibility test response rate was 41.7% with significant positive factors of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid irrigation and capping material level above the cemento-enamel junction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>REPs demonstrated high functional retention and healed rates. Patients <12 years old presented a higher healed rate and continued root development (excluding root length). Dental caries or anomalies had higher continued root development compared with dental trauma. The sensibility test response was related to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid irrigation and level capping material.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arrest and Repair of Inflammatory Root Resorption After an Endodontic Regeneration Procedure - A Hypothesis and Case Report.","authors":"Arieh Y Kaufman, Bill Kahler","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>External inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) is a significant complication that can occur following traumatic dental injuries, with a prevalence of approximately 18%. Most cases occur during the early stage of the mixed dentition. Specifically, EIRR occurs in approximately 5%-8% of luxation injuries, 30% of replanted teeth following avulsion, and 38% of intruded teeth. Conventional methods for addressing EIRR in immature teeth pose several challenges. This often requires numerous dental visits where Ledermix and calcium hydroxide are used, which may significantly prolong the treatment. Additionally, the effect of prolonged use of calcium hydroxide medication in the root canal is debatable. Recent publications have highlighted the ability of regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) to effectively stop and repair EIRR in a relatively brief time, yielding impressive results. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism responsible for this effect remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hypothesis is proposed and drawn from existing data, explaining the mechanism by which RET triggers alterations in the root dimensions of necrotic immature teeth, facilitating continuous root maturation. The hypothesis suggests that bioactive molecules, including growth factors, might be able to penetrate the denuded dentin, reach the resorbed area, and attract stem cells from the surrounding periodontal ligament and adjacent bone, leading to the arrest of the resorption process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This recruitment may trigger repair mechanisms, ultimately resulting in the coverage of the denuded dentin with a new layer of periodontal ligament, cementoid, and cementum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A hypothesis of the potential mechanism in which RET may arrest EIRR is presented along with a case report.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}