{"title":"Long-Term Outcome of Horizontal Root Fractures in Permanent Teeth: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Mahshid Sheikhnezami DDS, MSc , Reza Shahmohammadi DDS, MSc , Hamid Jafarzadeh DDS, MSc , Amir Azarpazhooh DDS, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C)","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Horizontal root fracture (HRF) is a complex traumatic dental injury that affects the pulp, dentin, cementum, and periodontal ligament. This retrospective cohort study evaluated treatment outcomes in permanent teeth with HRF.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed clinical and radiographic data from a dental trauma center (2006–2022). Permanent teeth with HRF with a follow up of ≥12 weeks were considered for outcome assessment (defined as clinical normalcy and radiographic healing at the fracture line). Prognostic factors were identified through multivariable logistic regression analyses (<em>P</em> value ≤ .05).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>125 teeth from 103 patients were included. After a median follow-up of 79 weeks, the overall favorable outcome was 92%. This includes teeth that received emergency splinting/repositioning at baseline (62.2%) and those that received subsequent endodontic intervention for the coronal fragment (baseline: 85%; subsequent follow-ups: 91.8%). Being male and incomplete root development were both significantly associated with a better outcome of splinting/repositioning (OR = 2.58; 95% CI, 1.06-6.24 and OR = 4.37; 95% CI, 1.16-16.41, respectively) and a reduced likelihood of requiring endodontic treatment (OR = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.20-0.96 and OR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.08-0.76, respectively). Treatment delays surpassing one week were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of requiring endodontic treatment compared to timely presentations within 24 hours (OR = 3.06; 95% CI, 1.07-8.77; <em>P</em> value < .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>With timely diagnosis and treatment, and close monitoring, HRF cases can achieve a 92% favorable outcome. Male sex and incomplete root development correlate with improved baseline outcomes and a reduced need for endodontic treatment. Conversely, delayed presentation increases the likelihood of requiring endodontic intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239924000670/pdfft?md5=23836813880045a27ef530a71e5ed96a&pid=1-s2.0-S0099239924000670-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139735381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AAE24 Abstracts of Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0099-2399(24)00237-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(24)00237-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Menezes Savaris DDS, MSc , Jakson Carlos Isoton DDS , Bruna Fiorine Fluck DDS , Maybell Tedesco DDS, MSc, PhD , Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi DDS, MSc, PhD , Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia DDS, MSc, PhD , Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira DDS, MSc, PhD
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of AH Plus Bond Strength to Root Canal Dentin and Adhesive Interface Quality after Calcium Hydroxide Removal using Different Irrigation Protocols","authors":"Julia Menezes Savaris DDS, MSc , Jakson Carlos Isoton DDS , Bruna Fiorine Fluck DDS , Maybell Tedesco DDS, MSc, PhD , Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi DDS, MSc, PhD , Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia DDS, MSc, PhD , Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>To evaluate the push-out bond strength (POBS) of AH Plus sealer to root dentin and the adhesive interface quality after calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>) intracanal dressing removal with different final irrigation protocols.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>After root canal instrumentation and irrigation, 40 root canals were filled with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> and sealed. After 14 days, the specimens were randomly distributed according to the irrigation protocols for Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> removal (<em>n</em> = 10): G<sub>H2O</sub> (control) - distilled water; G<sub>NaOCl</sub> - 1% NaOCl; G<sub>EDTA</sub> - 17% EDTA; G<sub>EDTA + NaOCl</sub> - 17% EDTA + 1% NaOCl. The root canals were filled with AH Plus sealer and gutta-percha. After 7 days, the roots were sectioned into dentin slices and submitted to POBS test and analysis of the adhesive interface under scanning electron microscope. The POBS data were statistically evaluated (analysis of variance and Tukey test). The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the adhesive interface (<em>α</em> = 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>G<sub>H2O</sub>, G<sub>NaOCl</sub>, and G<sub>EDTA + NaOCl</sub> had similar POBS values, with higher values on the apical third, in comparison with other thirds (<em>P</em> < .05). A homogeneous and free-of-gaps adhesive interface was observed for G<sub>H2O</sub>, G<sub>NaOCl</sub>, and G<sub>EDTA + NaOCl</sub>, with difference between G<sub>H2O</sub> and G<sub>EDTA</sub> (<em>P</em> < .05). G<sub>H2O</sub> and G<sub>EDTA + NaOCl</sub> presented higher sealer tags formation (<em>P</em> < .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The final rinse with EDTA for Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> dressing removal had a negative effect on the POBS of the filling material to root dentin. The use of EDTA followed by NaOCl had results similar to the distilled water, providing uniform and free-of-gaps adhesive interface, and a higher number of sealer tags.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140021893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revolutionizing Endodontics: Innovative Approaches for Treating Mature Teeth With Closed Apices and Apical Lesions: A Report of Two Cases","authors":"Claudia Brizuela PhD , Gastón Meza DDS , Maroun Khoury PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Modern tissue engineering strategies have elucidated the potential of regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) as an alternative for treating mature teeth.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Here, we report two cases in which cell-based RET (CB-RET) using encapsulated allogeneic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in a platelet-poor plasma (PPP)-based scaffold was used in two mature teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After 5 years of follow-up, the healing response was satisfactory in both cases, with evidence of pulp revitalization.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This is the first study to report the success of an extended, 5-year follow-up for allogeneic CB-RET. This report presents an innovative and sustainable solution to challenging endodontic scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anita Aminoshariae DDS, MS , Ali Nosrat DDS, MS, MDS , Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu BDS, MFDS RCPS(Glasg), MDS, FDS RCSP(Glasg), PhD , Omid Dianat DDS, MS , Hossein Mohammad-Rahimi DDS , Abbey W. O'Keefe , Frank C. Setzer DMD, PhD, MS
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Endodontic Education","authors":"Anita Aminoshariae DDS, MS , Ali Nosrat DDS, MS, MDS , Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu BDS, MFDS RCPS(Glasg), MDS, FDS RCSP(Glasg), PhD , Omid Dianat DDS, MS , Hossein Mohammad-Rahimi DDS , Abbey W. O'Keefe , Frank C. Setzer DMD, PhD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The future dental and endodontic education must adapt to the current digitalized healthcare system in a hyper-connected world. The purpose of this scoping review was to investigate the ways an endodontic education curriculum could benefit from the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and overcome the limitations of this technology in the delivery of healthcare to patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An electronic search was carried out up to December 2023 using MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and a manual search of reference literature. Grey literature, ongoing clinical trials were also searched using ClinicalTrials.gov.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search identified 251 records, of which 35 were deemed relevant to artificial intelligence (AI) and Endodontic education. Areas in which AI might aid students with their didactic and clinical endodontic education were identified as follows: 1) radiographic interpretation; 2) differential diagnosis; 3) treatment planning and decision-making; 4) case difficulty assessment; 5) preclinical training; 6) advanced clinical simulation and case-based training, 7) real-time clinical guidance; 8) autonomous systems and robotics; 9) progress evaluation and personalized education; 10) calibration and standardization.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>AI in endodontic education will support clinical and didactic teaching through individualized feedback; enhanced, augmented, and virtually generated training aids; automated detection and diagnosis; treatment planning and decision support; and AI-based student progress evaluation, and personalized education. Its implementation will inarguably change the current concept of teaching Endodontics. Dental educators would benefit from introducing AI in clinical and didactic pedagogy; however, they must be aware of AI's limitations and challenges to overcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Consort Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"George Bogen BS, DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139940040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of the Dynamic Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of a New TruNatomy Glider File after Different Cycles of Use","authors":"Lorena Ferreira Rego DDS, MSc , Juliana Delatorre Bronzato DDS, PhD , Alana Pinto Carôso Souza DDS, MSc , Adriana de-Jesus-Soares DDS, MSc, PhD , Marcos Frozoni DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.01.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Determination of the glide path is recommended before using rotary instruments. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of new and used glider rotary instruments in up to 6 root canals.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Seventy-two TruNatomy Glider files were used for the preparation of root canals of extracted lower molars, which were then submitted to the dynamic cyclic fatigue test carried out in a curved metallic artificial canal. The instruments were divided into 4 groups (<em>n</em> = 18): Control group, new instruments without any use in the root canal; Group 2U, instruments used in 2 mesial canals; Group 4U, instruments used in 4 mesial canals; Group 6U, instruments used in 6 mesial canals. The time to failure (TF) of the instrument was recorded, and the number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated. The data were submitted to 1-way analysis of variance and to the Games-Howell test for multiple comparisons, adopting a significance level of 5%.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>TF and NCF were significantly affected by the number of file uses. The Games-Howell test revealed that TF and NCF were significantly greater in the control group than in Group 4U. In Group 2U, TF and NCF were intermediate and not significantly different from the control group. Group 6U had significantly lower TF and NCF than all other groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The TruNatomy Glider can be used as a glide path for up to 2 mesial canals of mandibular molars, whereas its use on 4 or 6 root canals is not suggested.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139661920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tamer Ferreira Schimdt DDS, MSc, PhD , Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia DDS, MSc, PhD , Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira DDS, MSc, PhD , Murilo Priori Alcalde DDS, MS, PhD , Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte DDS, MSc, PhD , Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi DDS, MSc, PhD
{"title":"How Does Intentional Apical Foraminal Enlargement Affect the Foramen and Root Canal Morphology?","authors":"Tamer Ferreira Schimdt DDS, MSc, PhD , Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia DDS, MSc, PhD , Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira DDS, MSc, PhD , Murilo Priori Alcalde DDS, MS, PhD , Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte DDS, MSc, PhD , Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study assessed the effect of intentional foraminal enlargement on the foramen and the apical root canal morphology.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Sixty mesial roots of mandibular molars were scanned by micro-computed tomography. Their apical foramina were photographed with a stereomicroscope before and after preparation. Three groups were formed (<em>n</em> = 20) according to the working length (WL). G-1: foramen - 1 mm; G0: foramen; and G+1: foramen + 1 mm. Each group originated 2 subgroups (<em>n</em> = 10): G-1: Buchanan's patency (size 10 K-type file) and foraminal debridement (sizes 20, 25 and 30 K-type files); G0 and G+1: rotary foraminal enlargement (ProDesign S size 25/.08) or reciprocating foraminal enlargement (R25). The area, perimeter, transportation, and noninstrumented walls of the foramen were evaluated. The root canal transportation and the centering index of preparation at 1, 3 and 5 mm from the foramen were also assessed. Data were compared statistically (α = 5%).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The instruments used at the foramen and 1 mm beyond promoted foraminal enlargement and transportation. Regarding NIW, there was no difference between mechanized foraminal enlargements performed at the foramen or 1 mm beyond, similar to the manual foraminal debridement group (<em>P</em> > .05). There was no difference in transportation and centralization at 1-, 3-, and 5-mm apical levels, regardless of the instrumentation systems.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Mechanical preparation at the foramen, or 1 mm beyond, resulted in foraminal enlargement, transportation and were not able to touch all root canal walls that delimit the foramen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maurizio D’Amario DDS, PhD , Mariachiara Di Carlo DDS , Ali Jahjah , Stefania Mauro DDS , Salvatore Natale MD , Mario Capogreco DDS
{"title":"Ozone and Laser Effects on Dentin Hypersensitivity Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Study","authors":"Maurizio D’Amario DDS, PhD , Mariachiara Di Carlo DDS , Ali Jahjah , Stefania Mauro DDS , Salvatore Natale MD , Mario Capogreco DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of diode laser and ozone gas in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DHS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One hundred thirty-two teeth from 44 patients with moderate DHS were randomized into 3 groups according to a split-mouth design. In the diode laser group, the operator irradiated the superficial dentin exposed with an 808-nm wavelength and incremental power from 0.2 to 0.6 W with a 20-second interval. In the ozone gas group, the operator applied a high dose of ozone (32 g/m<sup>3</sup>) for 30 seconds using a silicon cup. In the placebo group, no therapy was applied. The dentin sensitivity level was evaluated upon enrollment (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), 3 months post-treatment (T2), and 6 months post-treatment (T3) with a cold air blast challenge and tactile stimuli. The pain severity was quantified according to the visual analogue scale. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to scrutinize potential statistical disparities among the treatments. Statistical significance was predetermined at <em>P</em> < .05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A significant decrease of DHS was observed in the ozone gas group and the `diode laser group immediately after treatment and after 3 and 6 months of the therapy. After 6 months from the therapy, the sensitivity values in the teeth treated with ozone gas remained statistically lower than those treated with diode lasers (<em>P</em> < .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A laser diode and ozone gas are both efficient as dentin sensitivity treatment. Ozone maintains an invariable effectiveness after 6 months.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flatsonic Ultrasonic Tip Optimizes the Removal of Remaining Filling Material in Flattened Root Canals: A Micro–computed Tomographic Analysis","authors":"Airton Oliveira Santos-Junior DDS, MSc , Karina Ines Medina Carita Tavares DDS, MSc , Jáder Camilo Pinto DDS, PhD , Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres DDS, PhD , Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru DDS, PhD , Mário Tanomaru-Filho DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the XP-endo Finisher R (XPFR; FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) or the Flatsonic ultrasonic tip (Helse Ultrasonic, Santa Rosa de Viterbo, SP, Brazil) in removing remaining filling material after the retreatment of flattened root canals using micro–computed tomographic imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-four flattened distal root canals of mandibular molars with a buccolingual diameter 4 or more times larger than the mesiodistal diameter were prepared with Reciproc Blue (RB) R40 (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) and filled using the Tagger hybrid technique. All canals were retreated with RB R40, and apical enlargement was performed with RB R50 (VDW GmbH). The specimens were randomly distributed into 2 groups: XPFR or Flatsonic (<em>n</em> = 12). The percentage of remaining filling material after retreatment and centralization ability was evaluated. Data were submitted to Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, and unpaired <em>t</em> tests (α = 5%).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Greater capacity to remove remaining filling material in the entire canal and the cervical and middle thirds was observed for the Flatsonic compared with the XPFR (<em>P</em> < .05). However, both supplementary cleaning techniques showed a similar percentage of residual filling material in the apical third (<em>P</em> > .05). No difference was observed in the centralization ability between the techniques (<em>P</em> > .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The Flatsonic promotes greater removal of remaining filling material than the XPFR in the retreatment of flattened root canals. However, both supplementary cleaning approaches were similar in the apical third. The XPFR and Flatsonic were able to maintain root canal centralization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139557517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}