Journal of endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Rotary versus Manual Glide Path Preparation in Root Canal Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Apically Extruded Debris.","authors":"Adinath Walmik Talekar, Dax Abraham, Rajat Sharma, Alpa Gupta, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the influence of rotary and manual glide path preparation techniques on apically extruded debris during root canal treatment, addressing a critical aspect of endodontic treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA 2020 and COSMOS-E guidelines, a comprehensive search of Medline, Scopus, Embase, Epistemonikos, and grey literature identified ex vivo studies using human extracted teeth. Study quality was assessed with the RoBDEMAT tool, and meta-analysis (of four studies) used a random-effects inverse-variance model with a DerSimonian-Laird estimate. The level of evidence was evaluated using the DARE tool. A heat matrix was developed to map the confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies (2016-2024) met the inclusion criteria. Rotary systems, especially ProGlider, One G, and PathFile, showed significantly less debris extrusion compared to manual K-files. Meta-analysis revealed a standardized mean difference of 1.35 (95% CI: 0.82-1.87; P < .01), indicating greater apical debris with manual techniques. Newer rotary systems exhibited progressive improvements in debris reduction capabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review provides strong evidence that rotary glide path systems are more effective than manual techniques in minimizing apical debris extrusion during root canal treatment. These findings have significant clinical implications for reducing postoperative complications and improving treatment outcomes in endodontic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1021-1035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Neurocompatibility of 3 Different Classes of Endodontic Materials, Resin-Based (AH-Plus), Calcium Silicate (BC-Sealer), and Hydrogel-Based (OdneTMFill).","authors":"Benoit Michot, Gozde Yildirim, Lina Alzahrani, Jennifer L Gibbs","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Endodontic therapy is generally effective at relieving pain in patients experiencing acute odontogenic pain, but a small percentage of patients can experience long lasting postoperative pain. Postoperative pain could result from a variety of factors including toxicity of the chemical factors and the amount and type of tissue damage. Since dental sealers can come into contact with periapical tissue including nerve endings and potentially induce nerve injury and inflammatory pain, this study aims to compare the neurocompatibility of three distinct classes of endodontic material, resin-based sealer (AH-Plus), calcium silicate-based sealer (BC-Sealer) and a new class endodontic root canal filling material that is hydrogel-based (OdneFill in both solid and liquid forms).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In-vitro models of human and mouse sensory neurons. Cell viability was determined using a live/dead cell assay and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Neurite growth was measured to study neuronal health and function, and neurotoxicity gene marker expression was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that each material induces a different level of neuronal toxicity, with AH + sealer being the least compatible, BC-sealer and liquid OdneFill having intermediate compatibility and the solid OdneFill being the most compatible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides new insight into the relationship between endodontic materials and neuronal injury, adding to clinicians' understanding of the neurotoxic effects of sealers. This might assist in their material selection to minimize nerve injury following root canal therapy. Within the limitations of this study, we found that OdneFill and BC-sealer exhibited the most neurocompatibility, while AH + had the least neurocompatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1094-1101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Chitosan Nanoparticles, EDTA, and Irrigation Activation Enhances TGF-β1 Release from Dentin: A Laboratory Study.","authors":"Sıla Nur Usta, Emre Avcı, Ayşe Nur Oktay, Cangül Keskin","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of sonic (EDDY), ultrasonic (PUI), and laser (shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming [SWEEPS]) activation of chitosan-nanoparticles enriched ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) irrigation on the release of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) from dentin in regenerative endodontic treatments (RETs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred twenty extracted human teeth were prepared up to size #100 to mimic the open apex. Root canals were irrigated with 20 mL 1.5% NaOCl according to the RETs protocol. Teeth were divided into 3 main groups according to the irrigation solution (17% EDTA, 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles, and the combination of EDTA + chitosan nanoparticles) and 5 subgroups based on the activation methods (syringe-needle irrigation, Irriflex, PUI, EDDY, and SWEEPS). TGF-β1 release was measured on days 1 and 7 using ELISA. Data were analyzed with the significance level set at P < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TGF-β1 release increased progressively from syringe-needle irrigation to Irriflex, PUI, EDDY, and SWEEPS, with SWEEPS achieving the highest release at both time points (P < .05). The combination of EDTA and chitosan nanoparticles yielded significantly higher TGF-β1 levels compared to EDTA or chitosan nanoparticles alone, particularly with SWEEPS and EDDY (P < .05). The percentage increase in TGF-β1 release from day 1 to day 7 was significantly higher in all activation groups (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of EDTA and chitosan nanoparticles, particularly when used with advanced irrigation activation methods such as SWEEPS and EDDY, significantly increased TGF-β1 release from dentin. These results suggest that both the choice of irrigant and activation method can influence growth factor release in RETs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1081-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cetrimide-enhanced Calcium Hydroxide Paste: A Biocompatible and Bioactive Option for Regenerative Endodontics.","authors":"Júlia Eick Iglesias, Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro, Gabriela Cardoso Ferreira, Marla Cuppini, Fabrício Mezzomo Collares, Fabiana Soares Grecca","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study compared the cytotoxicity, bioactivity, and biocompatibility of calcium hydroxide paste (CHP) with or without 0.2% cetrimide in microspheres (CETm) or in pure form (CET).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CETm or CET were added to CHP and evaluated for cytocompatibility (3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay) and bioactivity (Alizarin Red and alkaline phosphatase), using stem cells from the apical papilla. Biocompatibility was assessed by implanting polyethylene tubes containing the materials into rat subcutaneous tissue. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc was used to analyze the results of 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, alkaline phosphatase, and Alizarin Red assays. Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc test was used for the biocompatibility test (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All pastes exhibited cell viability above 100% and bioactivity in alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red assays. No abscesses, eosinophils, neutrophils, or giant cells were observed. After 90 days, all materials induced fibrous condensation, and inflammation decreased from mild to insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding CETm or CET to CHP may offer a potential intracanal medication for regenerative endodontic procedures, demonstrating favorable biological properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Viability in Persistent Apical Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Diego Nascimento, Igor Cavalcante Guedes, Luiza Meurer Brand, Lisiane Bernardi, Júlia Mergen Vasconcelos, José Antônio Poli Figueiredo, Fernanda Visioli, Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers, Lina Naomi Hashizume, Pantelis Varvaki Rados","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Apical inflammatory lesions are a response to microbial infections. However, their persistence despite adequate clinical and radiographic conditions remains incompletely understood. This systematic review aimed to analyze the evidence regarding the presence of viable microorganisms in cases of persistent apical periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, the CAPES Bank of Theses and Dissertations, and gray Literature. Restrictive inclusion criteria were applied, limiting the selection to studies in which periapical tissue samples were obtained during apical surgery. The quality of the included studies was assessed using a Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 522 studies, and 4 were selected for full analysis. The main finding of this review indicated the presence of viable microorganisms in persistent apical periodontitis. One study demonstrated bacterial viability through cell culture, while 3 others used RNA-based methods. The studies employing RNA analysis showed methodological heterogeneity. It was also noted that infections associated with persistent apical periodontitis are characterized by a diversity of microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evidence presented in this review suggests the presence of viable bacteria in persistent apical periodontitis. However, it remains unclear whether the persistence of the lesion is due to viable bacteria within the lesion itself, microorganisms located intra- and extraradicular surfaces, or a combination of both.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Discrepancies between Presurgery Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Intraoperative Measurements in Apical Surgery.","authors":"Dan Henry Levy, Nirit Yavnai, Sarit Rozenfeld, Avi Levin, Myriam Assouline, Gabriel Batashvili, Joe Ben Itzhak, Amit Talmon, Michael Solomonov","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in apical surgery planning by comparing preoperative CBCT measurements with intraoperative findings and identifying factors associated with discrepancies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety patients (107 teeth) scheduled for apical surgery underwent preoperative CBCT imaging using a Planmeca ProMax 3D Classic unit (90 kV, 10 mA, 100 μm voxel size, 5 × 5 cm field of view). Three calibrated examiners measured the apico-coronal and mesiodistal dimensions of buccal cortical bone perforations, as well as the apico-coronal length of the remaining buccal cortical plate (BCP) collar. CBCT measurements were compared to intraoperative measurements. Statistical analyses assessed associations between CBCT inaccuracies and variables including age, sex, lesion size, tooth type (anterior vs posterior), location (maxilla vs mandible), root canal status, and time interval between CBCT and surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 101 surgical sites were analyzed. CBCT demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.6% and a specificity of 93.9% for detecting cortical plate perforations. Paired statistical tests revealed that CBCT significantly underestimated the mesiodistal dimension of lesions (P = .011) and overestimated the BCP collar dimension (P = .005). Multivariate generalized linear model analysis indicated that larger lesion size, mandibular location, and the presence of a root filling were significantly associated with greater discrepancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CBCT demonstrates inherent limitations in measurement accuracy for apical surgery planning. Discrepancies are influenced by lesion size, tooth location, and root canal status. Clinicians should account for these factors when interpreting CBCT data to minimize preoperative planning errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Fourth Dimension of Endodontic Treatment Outcomes: Patient- Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) Following Root Canal Treatment by Dental Interns.","authors":"Huma Farid, Bushra Afridi, Sana Ahmed, Rana Muhammad Ahmed Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) capture the patient's direct perspective on treatment effectiveness. This study evaluated PROs after root canal treatment (RCT) performed by dental interns on quality of life using pre- and post-RCT Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) scores. It also examined associations between demographics, baseline pulpal/periapical diagnosis, and OHIP scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted at the Operative Dentistry Department of a dental institution (January-June 2023) with 317 patients requiring RCT and meeting inclusion criteria. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test compared pre- and post-RCT OHIP scores. Differences in OHIP scores based on gender, arch, and tooth position were assessed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The Kruskal-Wallis test examined OHIP score variations by pulpal/periapical diagnosis and age, with Dunn's post hoc test for pairwise comparisons. Significance level was set at < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample comprised 266 participants. OHIP scores significantly reduced post-RCT indicating enhanced quality of life after RCT (P < .05). Males had higher pre- and post-RCT OHIP scores than females with statistical significance (P < .05). Patients aged 51+ had the lowest pre-RCT OHIP scores (P < .05). Those with acute apical abscess and asymptomatic apical periodontitis had significantly higher pre-RCT OHIP scores (P < .05), with acute apical abscess patients showing the greatest post-RCT improvement as depicted by reduction in OHIP scores (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From the patients' perspective, regardless of demographics or pulpal/periapical diagnosis, RCT significantly improved quality of life. Male participants had greater perceived discomfort before and after treatment as compare with females. Patients aged 51+ perceived a lower impact of pulpal or periapical disease both before and after RCT. Greater post-RCT improvement was observed in participants diagnosed with acute apical abscess.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Worldwide Prevalence of Radix Molaris in Mandibular Second Molars Assessed by Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Afaf Al-Haddad, Nada Alarami, Abdullah F Alshammari, Ömer Hatipoğlu, Fatma Pertek Hatipoğlu, Ahmad A Madfa","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the worldwide prevalence of radix entomolaris (RE) and paramolaris (RP) in mandibular second molars via cone beam computed tomography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The electronic databases MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched using related MeSH keywords. In vivo cone-beam computed tomography-based studies that evaluated the prevalence of RE and RP in mandibular second molars were retrieved and assessed. The included studies were quantitatively analyzed via a meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence rates of RE and RP. Furthermore, the studies were qualitatively assessed using the Newcastle‒Ottawa quality assessment scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six studies were eligible for this review and a meta-analysis of 21,383 mandibular second molars was performed. All the studies involved were ranked as high quality with no evidence of publication bias. The global prevalence of RE was 0.72% (95% confidence interval: 0.45% to 1.04%) and that of RP was 0.17% (95% confidence interval: 0.004% to 0.36%). Sex and geographical location did not significantly influence RE or RP incidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of radix molaris is not infrequent. The incidence of RE is higher than that of RP, and neither sex nor country influences the incidence rate of either presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Root Perforation and Bone Defect on Stress Distribution and Displacement of Maxillary First Premolars: Biomechanical Decoupling Effect of MTA Restoration.","authors":"Ling Li, Hui Deng, Yu Zhao, Yihuai Pan, Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study used finite element analysis to investigate the effects of root perforation and secondary bone defects on the stress distribution and displacement in maxillary first premolars and to evaluate the efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in root perforation repair.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-dimensional model of a maxillary first premolar was constructed based on clinical cone-beam computed tomography data. Sixteen finite element models were established, including intact teeth, root-filled teeth, perforated teeth with or without repair (unR/R groups), and varying bone defect radii (0 ∼ 3 mm). Root perforation at the middle third and repaired by MTA was simulated. A vertical occlusal force of 300 N was applied via finite element analysis software (Cosmos Simulation) to analyze maximum principal stress (MPS) and displacement. Material parameters were defined as isotropic and linearly elastic based on literatures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MTA repair of root perforation reduced the average maximum MPS in dentin by 73%. As bone defect radius increased, the unR group exhibited fluctuating increases in maximum MPS, while the R group maintained relatively stable maximum MPS levels. The dentin/enamel maximum MPS ratio in the R group recovered to 0.47. Maximum displacement in both groups positively correlated with bone defect size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MTA repair of root perforation restored physiological load distribution patterns in maxillary first premolars by reconstructing structural continuity, effectively decoupling bone defects from stress concentration. However, it could not fully counteract the increased displacement caused by periodontal support loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Cellular Senescence on the Immune-Inflammatory Response and Regenerative Capacity of Human Dental Pulp Cells.","authors":"Johnny Carvalho da Silva, Raquel Figuerêdo Ramos, Ana Angélica Soares Vieira da Silva, Maria Ester França de Melo, Mayara Alves de Oliveira, Larissa Barbosa de Sousa, Elizabete Cristina Iseke Bispo, Ingrid Gracielle Martins da Silva, Maurício Gonçalves da Costa Sousa, José Raimundo Corrêa, Felipe Saldanha-Araujo, Taia Maria Berto Rezende","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that can compromise tissue homeostasis through the secretion of inflammatory mediators and disruption of the cellular microenvironment. In dental pulp, senescence may impair reparative functions and increase susceptibility to inflammation and degeneration. However, the specific effects of senescence on the immune behavior of pulp cells remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate how senescence influences the viability, morphology, migration, proliferation, and immune response of human dental pulp cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cellular senescence was induced with 500 μM doxorubicin and confirmed by β-galactosidase staining. To simulate immunoinflammatory conditions, cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, either alone or in combination with interferon-gamma. Morphologic changes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, while cell viability and proliferation were assessed using the Trypan Blue exclusion assay. Migratory capacity was evaluated through the scratch wound healing assay. Gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study indicate that cellular senescence impairs the dental pulp's essential functions, particularly its regenerative and repair capacity under inflammatory conditions. Senescent pulp cells exhibited reduced viability, proliferation, and migration, along with morphologic changes suggesting decreased tissue function. Inflammatory pathways were altered, showing increased proinflammatory cytokine expression and decreased regenerative cytokine expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that senescence can directly impact the prognosis of conservative endodontic treatments, particularly in patients with pulp compromised by lesions. This emphasizes the need for therapeutic strategies to mitigate senescence effects and preserve pulp vitality.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}