Journal of endodonticsPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-13DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.005
Alexander Brett, Federico Foschi, Shanon Patel
{"title":"Clinician Perspective of Regenerative Endodontic Procedures for Immature Anterior Teeth: An Observational Web-based Study.","authors":"Alexander Brett, Federico Foschi, Shanon Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are beneficial in preserving infected immature permanent teeth. The aim of this observational study was to assess treatment planning of REPs, geographical differences in their provision, clinical hesitancy and provision rate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Digitally manipulated radiographs showing varying degrees of root development in a maxillary central incisor with apical pathosis were used in an anonymized online questionnaire to assess clinical predisposition. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 160 participants (59.4% specialist endodontists), 73.1% favored REPs for the most immature apices, decreasing with root maturity. Specialist experience did not impact REP provision. UK endodontists performed REPs less frequently than international counterparts. Key perceived REP benefits included fracture resistance and root lengthening. Hesitancy stemmed from unfamiliarity (32.9%) and healing concerns (25.9%). Confidence varied and 25% had never performed a REP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>REPs are generally appropriately treatment planned, although more education with regards to clinical suitability and case selection is suggested. Geographical variance in provision of REPs is apparent between the UK and non-UK endodontists. Hesitancy exists in the provision of REPs, and prevalence of provision is low.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1061-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Precooling the Anesthetic Agent in Comparison to Increasing the Dosage on the Success Rate of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Using Articaine in Mandibular First Molars with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Bafrin Fattahi, Negin Ghasemi, Sahar Shakouei, Mahsa Ladan Moghaddam","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Achieving anesthesia in mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis has been challenging. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of precooling articaine and increasing its dosage for inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in the mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 90 first mandibular molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (visual analog scale >54) were randomly divided into three groups and received conventional IANB injection with 1.8 mL (1 cartridge) 1C group or 3.6 mL (two cartridges) 2C group of 4% articaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine with room temperature or 1.8 ml of the same agent with 4°C temperature cold cartridge (CC) group. The patients recorded their pain during the injection and access cavity preparation, pulp chamber, and root canal entrance using a visual analog scale. Data were analyzed by repeated measure of analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all three groups, the pain levels at different injection times were significantly different (P < .05). The pain level did not differ significantly between the 2C group and the CC group (P > .05), but the difference was significant between the 1C group and 2C groups (P < .05) and also between the 1C group and CC group (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administration of cold articaine provides a significantly higher success rate of IANBs in mandibular first molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis compared to IANB with articaine kept at room temperature; however, increasing the dosage of articaine led to a significantly higher success rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"989-995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of endodonticsPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-09DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.003
Mirela Cesar Barros, Evelyn Giuliana Velasquez-Espedilla, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, Brenda Paula F A Gomes, Marco Antônio Hungaro Duarte, Carlos Antônio Negrato, Flaviana Bombarda Andrade
{"title":"Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Apical Periodontitis Size, Endotoxin Levels, and Bacterial Load in Root Canals with Necrotic Pulp.","authors":"Mirela Cesar Barros, Evelyn Giuliana Velasquez-Espedilla, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, Brenda Paula F A Gomes, Marco Antônio Hungaro Duarte, Carlos Antônio Negrato, Flaviana Bombarda Andrade","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This clinical study was conducted to describe the endodontic microbiological profile of teeth with apical periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), focusing on bacterial count and endotoxin levels found in primary infection, as well as the size of periapical lesions, determined by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-four patients were selected and divided into 2 groups: 17 with T2DM and 17 nondiabetic controls. Anamnesis, clinical examinations, and radiographic evaluations were performed. Root canal samples were collected using sterile/pyrogen-free paper tips. Endotoxins were quantified using limulus amoebocyte lysate assay, and bacterial counts (colony forming units/mL) were determined using anaerobic culture techniques. The periapical status of the teeth was assessed using the CBCT periapical index. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, simple linear regression, t-tests, and Chi-square tests (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A larger size of periapical lesions (CBCT periapical index ≥4) was observed in patients with T2DM (64.8%) compared to controls (17.7%) (P < .05). There was a significant increase in the number of bacteria by culture and endotoxin levels in diabetic patients. A positive correlation was found between elevated endotoxin levels and the diameter of periapical lesions (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports the hypothesis that T2DM is associated with a greater microbial load and higher endotoxin levels, contributing to more severe periapical bone destruction, which may negatively affect endodontic treatment outcomes in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1036-1043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of endodonticsPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-09DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.002
Jagveer Yadav, Mala Kamboj, Gopikrishnan Vijayakumar, Anjali Narwal, Anju Devi, Adarsh Kumar, R Keerthika
{"title":"Presence of Epstein-Barr Virus in Periapical Pathoses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jagveer Yadav, Mala Kamboj, Gopikrishnan Vijayakumar, Anjali Narwal, Anju Devi, Adarsh Kumar, R Keerthika","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periapical lesions, often arising from polymicrobial infections, exhibit varied clinical manifestations. The role of herpes viruses, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in the etiopathogenesis of these conditions remains underexplored despite evidence that suggests its involvement in inflammatory processes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the presence of EBV in periapical diseases and to assess its probable role in their etiopathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Literature searches were conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar until July 2024. Original research that examined the association of EBV in periapical diseases was included for review. The risk of bias for each study was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Review Manager 5.4 was used to generate the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31 studies were included for qualitative synthesis, with 15 contributing to quantitative analysis. Findings revealed higher EBV detection rates in periapical lesions, particularly in symptomatic cases and lesions with larger sizes. Meta-analysis using random effects models also affirmed that EBV-positive transcripts significantly enhanced the risk of periapical lesions and symptomatic cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights a significant association between EBV and periapical lesions, particularly in symptomatic cases and larger lesions. The findings warrant further investigation into the mechanisms by which EBV contributes to the pathogenesis of periapical diseases and the implications for clinical management, including potential antiviral therapies.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD4202344796.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1006-1020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of endodonticsPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-09DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.018
Nela Pilbauerova, Divyamaanasa Dasi, Isaac J de Souza Araujo, George T-J Huang
{"title":"An In Vitro Tube Model for Cell Biocompatibility Study of Capping Materials for Regenerative Endodontics.","authors":"Nela Pilbauerova, Divyamaanasa Dasi, Isaac J de Souza Araujo, George T-J Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cell-based pulp regeneration utilizes capping materials underneath a final restoration to seal the tooth after delivering cells into the canal system. Studying the immediate biocompatibility of materials with injected cells has been challenging. This study aimed to utilize a tube model to observe cell response directly and conveniently to the capping materials in a cell culture in vitro system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A tapered plastic tube (14 mm in length, 2 mm diameter of the apex opening) to simulate root canal space was filled with fluorescence-labeled dental pulp cells mixed in fibrin gel and the larger end sealed with various capping materials including Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP), composite, and glass ionomer. The tube was placed in wells of culture plates and incubated for various times in vitro and observed under the microscope for cell morphological changes. pH changes within the tube were monitored over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both fresh MTA and Biodentine caused adverse response to the cells in the tube. Only a few normally growing cells were observed at the apical end. Composite or glass ionomer appeared better tolerated by cells. HA-TCP mixed in fibrin gel demonstrated the highest compatibility with cells; however, using HA-TCP to separate cells from fresh MTA or Biodentine did not reduce the negative effect of these 2 calcium silicate cements. The pH increased within the tube may explain the observed toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using HA-TCP mixed in fibrin gel as a capping material appears highly biocompatible to cells while fresh MTA and Biodentine are not.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1072-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anita Aminoshariae, Amir Azarpazhooh, Gerald N Glickman, Jianing He, Sahng G Kim, Anil Kishen, Ariadne M Letra, Linda Levin, Ronald Ordinola-Zapata, Frank C Setzer, Franklin R Tay, Kenneth M Hargreaves
{"title":"Insights Into the Aug 2025 Issue of the JOE.","authors":"Anita Aminoshariae, Amir Azarpazhooh, Gerald N Glickman, Jianing He, Sahng G Kim, Anil Kishen, Ariadne M Letra, Linda Levin, Ronald Ordinola-Zapata, Frank C Setzer, Franklin R Tay, Kenneth M Hargreaves","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 8","pages":"983-985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of endodonticsPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-13DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.007
Luciano Aparecido de Almeida-Junior, Juliana de Lima Gonçalves, Maya Fernanda Manfrin Arnez, Nallery Steysi Rostrán Jimenez, Guido Artemio Marañón-Vasquez, Francisco Wanderley Garcia de Paula-Silva
{"title":"Effects of Systemic and Local Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor-1 Administration on Periapical Bone Loss in Mice.","authors":"Luciano Aparecido de Almeida-Junior, Juliana de Lima Gonçalves, Maya Fernanda Manfrin Arnez, Nallery Steysi Rostrán Jimenez, Guido Artemio Marañón-Vasquez, Francisco Wanderley Garcia de Paula-Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate whether systemic or topical administration of a monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor-α receptor-1 (TNFR1) could control periapical bone loss in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty C57Bl6 mice were used for induction of periapical lesion through the exposure of the root canals to the oral environment. The root canals remained open to microbial contamination from the oral cavity for 28 days. Then, the animals were randomly assigned to 3 different experimental groups: G1: animals received no medication and periapical lesion followed its natural course up to 42 days; G2: systemic administration of the TNFR1 antibody; G3: intracanal topical administration of the TNFR1 antibody. Healthy teeth were used as controls. At 42 days following periapical lesion induction, the animals were anesthetized then euthanized, and tissues containing bone and teeth were collected for microtomographic, histomorphometry, and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. Then groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance followed by Turkey tests (α = 5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Systemic and topical anti-TNFR1 administered in groups G2 and G3 did not have an impact on the area and volume of periapical lesions when compared to the untreated control group G1 (P > .05). Lower expression of RANKL mRNA was observed in G3 compared to G1 (P < .05) but no change on OPG, MMP-9 or CTSK was detected (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Under the experimental conditions of this study, systemic or local administration of a TNFR1 antibody was not effective in limiting the expansion of periapical lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1088-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of endodonticsPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-14DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.008
Yuqiang Wang, Yueli Zhou, Fangfang Song, Ying Tang, Cui Huang
{"title":"Unraveling the Association between Apical Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Through Mendelian Randomization.","authors":"Yuqiang Wang, Yueli Zhou, Fangfang Song, Ying Tang, Cui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this investigation was to assess the genetic predispositions linking apical periodontitis to inflammatory bowel disease (encompassing ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn's disease [CD]).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single nucleotide polymorphisms were used as instrumental variables, and the radial inverse-variance weighted method was utilized as the primary analytical approach. Steiger filtering and additional sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the primary results, while also accounting for various common confounders to minimize inherent pleiotropic effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon the evaluation of specific confounding variables, findings combined by mete-analysis indicated that genetically predicted apical periodontitis had no significant correlation with inflammatory bowel disease (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.89-1.10, P > .05), UC (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.97-1.20, P > .05), and CD (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.94-1.18, P > .05). Conversely, in the inverse analyses, CD was genetically predicted to exert a weak influence on apical periodontitis (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12, P < .05), whereas the impact of inflammatory bowel disease on apical periodontitis risk was deemed nonsignificant (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.07, P > .05). There was no discernible association between genetically influenced UC and apical periodontitis (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.93-1.04, P > .05). Sensitivity analyses corroborated the primary outcomes, aligning with the direction of the estimates and thereby bolstering the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the limitations acknowledged within this study, our results provided evidence suggesting a potential role of CD in the risk of apical periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1044-1052.e13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the Capacity of Intraoral Scanner and Expert Scoring in Detecting Potential Deviations in Guided Endodontics: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Pauline Binvignat, Marine Hénaut, Lieven Robberecht, Davide Mancino, Naji Kharouf, Jean-Christophe Maurin, Cyril Villat, Maxime Ducret, Raphael Richert","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Guided endodontics recently offers a conservative solution for conducting root canal treatment in cases of obliterated canals, but guide mispositioning remains a challenge. Recently, intraoral scanners (IOS) were proposed to detect deviations, but their effectiveness compared to expert visual assessments during guide insertion is uncertain. The objective of the present study was to primarily compare the risk of deviation predicted by an IOS vs expert assessment and secondarily identify factors influencing this risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a design of experiments approach, 16 endodontic guides were 3D-printed to assess the influence of guide thickness, internal offset, number of supporting teeth, and presence of windows. Guide positioning was evaluated digitally with the Trios 4 IOS to calculate angular deviation and visually by 10 experts using a Likert scale. The overall agreement between the value of angular deviation (less than or greater than 2°) and the expert score (positive or negative) was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean angular deviation was 4.32° (SD = 2.40°) and the mean expert score was -0.29 (SD = 1.39). Angular deviation was most influenced by greater guide thickness (41.4%) and internal offset (27.0%), which both increased it. The most influential factor for expert scores was internal offset (90.5%), which decreased ratings. Agreement between IOS and expert scores averaged 60.6% (SD = 39.1%), with the highest agreement for guides with a high internal offset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experts effectively detected positioning errors with high internal offset but struggled with other factors where IOS was more accurate. IOS shows promising potential for improving guide fitting in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1102-1108.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Biodentine XP, Endosequence RRM, and Bio-C Repair Cements.","authors":"Danilo Cassiano Ferraz, Juliana Garuba Rahhal, Maria Eduarda Paz Dotto, Lais Alberti Ferreira, Carla Renata Sipert, Ariadne Letra, Renato Menezes Silva, Letícia Chaves de Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated the physicochemical and biological properties of calcium silicate-based cements used in vital pulp therapy (VPT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Setting time, solubility, and pH of Biodentine XP (BD-XP), Bio-C Repair (BC), and Endosequence RRM Fast Set Putty (ES) were evaluated following ISO guidelines. Human dental pulp stem cells were challenged with lipoteichoic acid and then exposed to the cement's eluates. Cell viability was evaluated with XTT assay and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression analysis of relevant genes using quantitative reverse-transcript polymerase chain reaction. Statistical significance levels were set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial and final setting time of BD-XP was shorter than BC (P ≤ .0005), and ES and BC (P ≤ .0001), respectively. BD-XP and ES showed significantly lower solubility levels in comparison to BC (P ≤ .05). All materials were alkaline for up to 7 days and exhibited significantly higher cell viability than the positive control (P ≤ .0001). RANKL mRNA expression was higher at 6 hours in the ES and BD-XP groups when compared to BC, however it decreased to low levels at 24h. ES and BD-XP groups exhibited a significant upregulation of COL1A1 mRNA expression. ALP expression was significantly higher in all tested groups, with the BD-XP group exhibiting the highest levels. BC and BD-XP groups had significantly increased RUNX2 expression after 24 hours.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BD-XP, ES, and BC appear suitable materials for VPT, despite higher solubility. The gene expression pattern may suggest a potential pathway for pulp healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"1109-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}